CHAPTER-V PROFILE OF THE GULBARGA DISTRICT

CHAPTER-V PROFILE OF THE GULBARGA DISTRICT 171

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CHAPTER-V PROFILE OF GULBARGA DISTRICT 5.1 Introduction Gulbarga district is one of the three districts that were transferred from Hyderabad State to Karnataka state at the time of re-organization of the state in 1956. The district is one among the 29 districts of Karnataka State. It is located in the Northern part of the state and lies between North latitude 17 0 10 and 17 0 45 and between east longitude 76 0 10 and 77 0 45 The District is a biggest district in the state covering 8.49% of the area and 5.9 present of population of the state. It has Bijapur district of Karnataka and Sholapur district of Maharashtra on the west, on the north by Bidar district of Karnataka and Osmanabad district of Maharashtra. Raichur district of Karnataka is on south of Gulbarga. The Afzalpur, Aland, Chincholli, Chittapur, Gulbarga, Jewargi, Sedam are 7 Talukas of Gulbarga District (See Fig. 5.2). The chapter is structured as follows. In Section 5.2, we expose general features of Gulbarga district. We present the demographic features and economic profile in Sections 5.3 and 5.4 respectively. The self help groups profile in Gulbarga district is described in Section 5.5 and last section provides some concluding remarks. 5.2 General Features of Gulbarga District 5.2.1 A Brief History Gulbarga, popularly called as Kalaburgi in colloquial language was once a capital of the Bahamani Kingdom. Gulbarga has rich historical and cultural traditions. Bahamanis, the earliest Muslim empire of South India chose Gulbarga to be their capital and ruled from here from 1347 to 1425 A. D. Mentioned as Kalburagi, Kalumbarige, Kalabarge, etc. in ancient inscriptions, Gulbarga is popularly known as Kalburgi by the locals. The famous dynasties of the south, the Satavahans, the Chalukyas of Badami, the Rastrkuta, Shahis, the Aidil shahis, the Nizam Shahis have ruled over the district. 173

In 1504, Gulbarga was permanently annexed to Adil Shahi kingdom of Bijapur. In 1657 with the invasion of Mir Jumla, it passed into the hands of Mughals. Fig 5.1 MAP OF KARNATAKA STATE Fig 5.2 MAP OF GULBARGA DISTRICT Afzalpur Aland Chincholi Jewargi Chittapur Sedam 174

Later with the establishment of Asaf Jahi (Nizam) Dynasty of Hyderabad (1724-1948) Gulbarga came under it. In 1863, when Nizam Government formed Jillabandi, Surpur (Shorapur) became district headquarter, with nine Talukas of which Gulbarga was one of them. In 1873 Gulbarga was formed into separate district with ten talukas and again it reformed at 2010 with seven talukas. With reorganization of states in 1956 Gulbarga became part of Karnataka State and Divisional headquarter. The Bahamani rulers built Gulbarga city with Palaces, Mosques, Gumbazs, Bazaars and other public buildings. There are five large and small Mosques and ten Darghas in Gulbarga, The City is described as a Garden of Gumbazs So also number of Temples, churches and other religious centres are spread all over the city. Inside the fort the Jumma Masjid, a noteworthy monument of Gulbarga is in well preserved condition. It is said that it resembles the famous mosque of Cordova city in Spain. The mosque measures 216 ft. east-west and 176 ft. north south covering an area of 38016 sqft. It happens to be the only mosque in India/ which is completely covered. Fergusson observes this as one of the most remarkable of its class in India in some respect unique. Gulbarga City is located on an undulating plain, presenting a vast stretch of black cotton soil. Being a regional headquarters of government, it is an important city in the northern part of Karnataka situated 623 km away from Bangalore and 220 km from west of Hyderabad, Gulbarga is well connected by rail and road. The vast stretch of fertile black cotton soil of the district is known for bumper red gram and jawar crops. The district is a Daal bowl of the state. The district is also known for cluster of cement industries and a distinct stone popularly known as Shahabad Stone. Gulbarga has been blessed by the incessant flowing of River Bheema. In addition, a few tributaries flow in this region. The upper Krishna project and Bennethora Project are the two major irrigational ventures in the district. Gulbarga which is known for the dearth of industries is presently showing great deal of signs of growth in the cement. One of the recent 175

developments, where in the people of Gulbarga are proud and boastful is that the establishment of Central University and largest ESI hospital. Indeed these two feathers to its cap. 5.2.2 Soil: Being located in the centre of Deccan plateau, most part of the district is covered by the fertile black soil. Besides, other soils can also be found. The details of taluka wise soil structure are given in Table 5.1. Table-5.1 Taluka wise soil structure of Gulbarga District Soil Shallow medium black Deep black Red sandy land Source: District at a Glance 2010-11 5.2.3 Rainfall: Taluka Gulbarga and Jewargi Part of Gulbarga Chitapur Sedam and Chincholi Part of Aland and Afzalpur The rainfall in the district is very light and scanty and also it is uncertain. The rainfall in the district was 4694 mm in 2011 (See Table 5.2). The district received rainfall both form the south west (locally called Mungari) during May- September and North-East (locally called as Hingari) between September and December. Table-5.2 Rain fall of Gulbarga District for last 5 years (2001 To 2011) Taluks 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Afzalpur 485 588 472 630 653 620 674 768 899 951 483 Aland 705 593 581 732 683 642 557 805 1352 819 722 Chincholi 670 608 622 641 753 624 1029 903 706 1365 936 Chittapur 711 530 713 666 1082 723 828 803 788 925 598 Gulbarga 692 522 562 726 712 560 689 646 678 1100 706 Jewargi 718 551 367 616 859 459 762 642 936 924 397 Sedam 905 637 683 556 1250 635 973 948 974 826 802 TOTAL 4886 4029 4000 4567 5992 4263 5512 5515 6333 6910 4694 Sources: 2011 District at a Glance The district is a draught prone area. The average rainfall is 777 mm. and the normal rainy days are 46 in a year. The climate is very hot during the summer which adversely affects the work capacity of the people. The temperature ranges 176

between 42 o C in summer to 26 o C in winter. The period from December to May is the driest part of the year. 5.2.3 River: The Principle Rivers flowing in Gulbarga are Krishna and Bheema. Small rivers running through the district are the Kagina, the Amaraj, the Bennitora and the Mullamari. 5.2.4 Geographical Traits The district has total area of 16174 Sq. Kms. This constitutes 5.93 percent of the area of the state. The region is characterized by black cotton soil, expanses of flat treeless surface, a range of hills covering a surface of about 60 miles and same lower belts following the main rivers. The district is devoid of forest except in the hilly portion of Aland and Chincholi. The area under forest is 4.2 percent of the total area. Table-5.3 Administrative Classification of Gulbarga District Sl. No. Taluks Hoblies Gram Panchayaths Inhabited Un- Inhabited 1 Afzalpur 3 22 89 4 0 2 Aland 5 39 135 1 1 3 Chincholli 4 32 137 11 0 4 Chittapur 5 35 122 3 5 5 Gulbarga 6 36 136 4 1 6 Jewargi 5 33 145 14 0 7 Sedam 4 23 109 8 3 TOTAL 32 220 873 45 10 Source: District at a Glance 2009-10. Towns/ Urban Agglomeration The administrative classification has been presented in the Table-5.3. the Gulbarga district consist of 7 Taluks, which are again composed of 32 Hoblies. Among the 7 taluks of Gulbarga district, Gulbarga taluk has 6 Hoblies followed by Chittapur, Jewargi and Aland 5 Hoblies of each taluks, whereas Chincholi and Sedam taluks consist of 4 Hoblies of each and Afzalpur taluk consist of only 3 Hoblies respectively. The total Grampanchayaths of district are 220 and the total town of districts are 10 respectively. 177

5.3 Demographic Features: 5.3.1 Population and Human Resources Gulbarga district is observed to be in the prolonged second stage of demographic transition. It is experiencing rapid growth of population since 1951 with variations. The decimal growth rate has increased from 14.5 percent during 1951 to 24 percent in 1991. It has slightly come down to 18 percent in 2011. The population of the district as per 2011 census total population is 2564892 (See Table-5.4). The size of population was in the district male population was 1591379 and female population is 1533997. Among all the talukas, highest population is in the Gulbarga i.e., 675679 followed by Chittapur which constitute 366802 population. Afzalpur talukas is the least population taluka 180071 (See Table-5.5). Table-5.4 Population trends during the 20 th century Years Population Variation 1901 883062-1911 964468 + 9.22 1921 887875-7.94 1931 990505 + 11.56 1941 1059716 + 6.99 1951 1213608 + 14.5 1961 1399457 + 15.31 1971 1739220 + 24.2 1981 2080643. + 19.6 1991 2582169 + 24.1 2001 3130922 +21.4 2011 2564892 + 18.1 Source: District Census Hand Book Gulbarga District 1961-2011 Table-5.5 Size of population in Gulbarga district (2001 census) No of talukas Male Female Total Afzalpur 92538 87533 180071 Aland 152233 144903 297136 Chincholi 113309 110337 223646 Chittapur 186390 180412 366802 Gulbarga 348665 327014 675679 Jewargi 119598 115656 235254 Sedam 97709 98445 196154 Total 1591379 1533997 2174742 Source: Gulbarga district at a glance 2010-11. 178

5.3.2 Human Development Karnataka State has published Human Development Report in 1999 based on 1991 date for the then 20 district in the state. The progress in human development was brought out through another report published in 2005 for 27 districts in the state today based on 2001 data. The position of the district along with the other district in Hyderabad Karnataka Region is indicated in Table-5.6. The division in both the reports is at the bottom level. Table-5.6 Human development situation in Gulbarga division Year HDI Rank HDI Rank GDI Rank GDI 2001 Rank 1991 2001 1991 Bellary 0.512 18.617 18 0.499 17 0.606 17 Bidar 0.496 23 0.599 21 0.477 23 0.572 22 Gulbarga 0.453 25 0.564 26 0.432 25 0.543 26 Koppal 0.446 26 0.582 24 0.428 26 0.561 24 Raichur 0.443 27 0.547 27 0.422 27 0.530 27 Source: Human Development Report 2005 Government of Karnataka The position of the district has come down from 25 th to 26 th in the State. This is because of slow progress in the field of Education and fall in Income index. 5.3.2.1 Density and sex ratio According to 2011 census, Gulbarga district has the density of population of 234 per sq. km. which is lower than state average (319 per Sq. Km). The sex ratio is 962 per 1000 male persons. This is slightly above the state average of 965 and well above the national average of 933. This sex ratio is highest in Sedam (1006) and lowest in Aland (938). The sex ratio is 962 which are equal to state average which is 964. In Gulbarga district, 72 percent of the population lives in rural areas (See Table-5.7). Table-5.7 Density and sex ratio of population in Gulbarga district Taluka Density Sex Ratio Sex Ratio in the Age group of 0-6 Afzalpur 169 941 936 Aland 197 938 922 Chincholi 164 982 947 Chittapur 228 991 943 Gulbarga 479 948 926 Jewargi 163 961 923 Sedam 210 1006 982 District 234 962 935 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. 179

5.3.2.2 Literacy level Gulbarga district comes under the list of backward district and also has the lowest literacy level. According to 1991 census the total literacy level of the district is 38.54% which is far less than the state literacy rate, i.e., 56.05%. both the male and female literacy rates were competitively low. In the 2001 census the literacy rate has increased to 50.65%, but it is again far less than the state literacy rate, 67.04% the male literacy rate is 62.52% and female literacy rate is 38040%, which are comparatively less than the state rate i.e., 76.29% and 57.45% respectively, the taluka wise literacy rate of the district is shown in the Table-5.8. Table-5.8 Literacy level of Gulbarga District No of talukas Male Female Total Afzalpur 63.6 37.5 50.9 Aland 66.0 39.2 52.9 Chincholi 62.3 34.7 48.6 Chittapur 61.0 37.7 49.5 Gulbarga 76.3 56.1 66.5 Jewargi 57.9 29.9 44.1 Sedam 56.4 33.4 44.8 Shahapur 49.9 27.5 38.8 Surpur 56.3 30.4 43.4 Yadgir 47.5 26.9 37.2 Total 61.8 37.9 0.05 Source: District at a Glance 2009-10. Table 5.8 shows that among all the talukas, the literacy rate of Gulbarga taluka is high i.e., 66.5 percent and more or less the literacy rate is same, with one or two percent difference. Gulbarga taluka has the highest literacy level in the district, because it possesses more educational institutes than the other talukas, and also higher education facilities available in this taluka. The taluka wise growth trends in literacy are presented in Table-5.9. 180

Table-5.9 Growth in literacy 1961 to 2001 (percent) Taluka 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Afzalpur 9.2 16 23.7 37.62 51.67 NA Aland 14.23 18.2 24.8 39.12 53.79 NA Chincholi 14.45 16.8 21.3 33.41 49.38 NA Chittapur 13.06 18.8 25.46 38.72 50.25 NA Gulbarga 24.8 31.0 38.65 57.33 54.34 65.65 Jewargi 9.8 15.2 20.87 32.85 44.26 NA Sedam 13.7 15.7 21.67 34.5 45.23 NA TOTAL 99.24 131.7 176.45 273.55 362.04 65.65 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. Census of India 2011 Table-5.10 Literacy Rate- Scheduled Caste Talukas Total Rural Urban Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Afzalpur 45.7 24.4 35.4 45.07 23.43 34.59 51.04 32 2.1 42.14 Aland 46.8 25.1 36.3 46.12 24.43 35.53 57.14 37.06 47.78 Chincholi 41 20 30.8 44.12 23.65 34.31 66.23 46.31 56.74 Chittapur 43 24.84 34.08 39.3 19.2 29.75 56.7 35 47.19 Gulbarga 54.7 34.1 44.8 28.9 13.98 21.47 51.47 30.15 41.14 Jewargi 36.8 18 27.5 35.38 18.66 27.15 55.48 35.08 45.5 Sedam 32.8 16.6 24.7 35.4 16.88 26.27 53.04 30.95 42.54 TOTAL 300.8 163.04 233.58 274.29 140.23 209.07 391.1 246.76 323.03 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. Census of India 2011 5.3.3 Occupational Structure: The analysis or occupational structures of the district indicate that the district is still economically backward with a large proportion of population engaged in agriculture. The percentage of agriculture labourers has increased in recent years. The Occupational Structure presented in Table 5.11 shows that the district economy is mainly an agricultural economy since it constitute 31.7 percent of district income and provides employment to 67 percent of the population. A large part of the land is under dry land cultivation as the area under irrigation is only 18.8 percent of the net area sown. 181

Table-5.11 Occupational pattern of the workforce (Main workers %) in Gulbarga District Census Cultivators Agricultural Household Other Workers Total Year labourers industry 1961 45.55 26.44 9.21 18.8 100 1971 34.13 36.55 4.4 24.92 100 1981 36.78 43.95 2.66 16.61 100 1991 35.19 50.15 2.06 12.6 100 2001 27.1 40 2.5 30.4 100 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12 The occupational structure is stagnant over the time period. The proportion of population engaged in agriculture has increased from 70 percent in 1961 to 75 percent during 1981-91 and has fallen down to 67 percent in 2001. The other trend is increase in the percentage of agricultural labourers till 1991. It has increased from 26.44 percent in 1961 to 40.1 percent in 1991 but has come down to 39.96 percent in 2001. Though the share of tertiary sector in district income has increased from 36.6 in 1991 to 45.2 percent in 2001-02 but its share in employment has increased from 12.6 to 30.4 percent in 2001. Thus a trend of employment generation in service sector is set in post 1991 period. 5.4 Economic profile: The district economy is dominantly agricultural in its nature and nearly 75 percent of populations living in rural areas are dependent on agriculture. Therefore, agriculture is the main contributor to the district income and other sectors contribute 45 percent of the total district income. 5.4.1Agriculture: The pattern of land utilization in Gulbarga district given in Table 5.12 reveal that the net sown land in Gulbarga 10,94,120 hectares and its account to 71.56 of total geographical area. On the other hand, hardly 28.44 percent of the geographical area is distributed other activities. It is clear from Table 5.12 that net area sworn is high in Jewargi i.e., 182313 hectares and that of Sedam is very low i.e., 102445 hectare where as in all the other taluka its amount was steady. 182

Talukas Geographical area Table-5.12 Land use Classification: (Unit: Area in Hectares) Area under Forest Land Not available for cultivation Land Barren & put to uncultivable non land Agri. uses Uncultivated land excluding fallow land Cultivable waste Pmt. Pastures & other grazing land Mics. Tree crops, groves Fallow land Current fallows Other fallow land Area sown Afzalpur 130479 78 5819 2395 458 1322 10 410 195 119792 139702 Aland 173417 2854 3465 3142 974 3469 59 3648 2000 153806 161716 Chincholi 155854 19622 3006 13003 2723 6516 862 3064 2000 105058 114673 Chittapur 176447 6150 9368 3689 4530 674 21 2148 1628 148239 156394 Gulbarga 173165 4121 8150 4223 78 4322 67 18760 3000 130444 132954 Jewargi 182313 310 5317 1838 294 6486 62 9618 5246 153142 161837 Sedam 102445 2181 3295 6823 360 3066 50 1000 325 85345 105230 District 1094120 35316 38420 35113 9417 25855 1131 38648 14394 895826 972506 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12. Table-5.13 Distribution of Land holding in the district Land Holdings Number Percentage Area Percentage Marginal Holding 112331 20.46 13463 1.00 Small Holdings 191271 34.86 281868 20.93 Semi Medium 158492 28.87 435718 32.36 Medium 73750 13.45 435001 32.32 Large 12956 2.36 180220 13.39 Total 548800 100 1316270 100 Source: District at a Glance 2011-12 The statistics in Table-5.13 reveals that the distribution of land holdings indicates the domination of semi medium holdings. They form 28.87 percent of total holdings and cover an area of 32.36 percent in Gulbarga district 5.4.2 Irrigation Like other parts of the country, agriculture economies of the Gulbarga district also depend upon rainfall. Therefore, development of irrigation facilities would open new doors to the farmers of this region. However, the district has only two major rivers viz., Krishna and Bheema, following trough territory. Hence large part of the district has to depend upon other sources of irrigation. The following Table-5.14 shows the various sources of irrigation and the land irrigated by them in the district. Net Total 183

Table-5.14 Net irrigated area in the Gulbarga district Sources Area (Hectares) Percentage of total irrigated area Canals 185104 77.24 Wells 29440 14.92 Tanks 3209 1.19 Bore wells 22682 2.93 Lift irrigation 5353 0.48 Other sources 5508 2.52 Total 251296 100.00 Source: District at a Glance 2009-10. As depicted in Table-5.14, area under irrigation is 251296 hectares. The major source of water is canals, which constitute 77.24 percentages (185104 hectares) of the irrigated land. This indicates that the district is not benefited by the rainfall. Well are also helpful in the district for irrigation, about 15 percentages (29440 hectares) of the irrigation lands, sources of water is by wells. Here other sources are of 2.52 percentage (5508) hectares constitute rain, ponds and the like. 5.4.3 Cropping Pattern The cropping pattern is mainly dominated by food crops, Tur is the main crop produced in the district. The district is called as Tur Bowl of the state. Jawar is the other main food crop. Sunflower and Groundnut are the major oilseeds which occupy the area of 134365 hectare and 41327 (2009-10 District at a Glance) respectively. 5.4.4 Infrastructure The district also lacks adequate infrastructure which is one of the basic cause of long economic stagnation in the district. The total length of surface roads is only 28.26 kms. The length of village roads is 6372.63 kms. A large part of these roads are closed during rainy season. The total length of railway line is 225 kms. The districts headquarter lies on the main National Network. But the internal network availability is very low. Only 4 talukas Afzalpur, Chittapur, Gulbarga and Sedam are connected by a railway line (Table-5.15). 184

Table-5.15 Taluka-wise Infrastructure facilities in Gulbarga District Taluka State Highways Major District Roads Village Roads Afzalpur 137.8 160.13 841.47 Aland 245.5 126.35 1138.28 Chincholi 179.86 84.89 1179.58 Chittapur 201.96 359.13 722.92 Gulbarga 165.38 144.57 926.20 Jewargi 37.82 417.15 1114.26 Sedam 154.70 242.80 449.92 District 1123.02 1535.80 6372.63 Source: District at a Glance 2009-10. 5.4.5 Industries in Gulbarga: The economy of the Gulbarga district is primarily of agricultural in nature. Out of the 30 district of the state the rank of Gulbarga is 18 th for the growing population. Agricultural sector is unable to provide increasing per capita income. It is suffering from lack of raw material, availability of infrastructure, adequate support from government department and as well as financial institution to provide the adequate financial facilities. The district has no place in the industrial map of Karnataka. Table-5.16 Details of Industries in Gulbarga district Sl. No. Category Taluka Textiles Chemicals Engineering Others Tota l No. of employees 1. Afzalpur 0 1 0 1 2 350 2. Aland 1 0 1 1 3 1500 3. Chincholi 0 0 1 0 1 50 4. Chittapur 0 0 4 6 10 4820 5. Gulbarga 0 3 11 58 72 3450 6. Jewargi 0 0 1 0 1 50 7. Sedam 0 0 1 4 5 3100 8. Shahapur 0 0 1 10 11 340 9. Shorapur 0 0 0 4 5 300 10. Yadgir 0 0 2 21 23 589 Total 1 4 23 105 133 14549 Source: Karnataka at a Glance 2009-10. The Table-5.16 reveals the industrial facilities in Gularga district totally there are 133 industries areas. Textile industry is situated in only one talukas i.e., Aland. Most of the engineering industries are working in Gulbarga city only. Only one engineering unit is working in each in Aland, Chincholi, Jewargi and Sedam. 185

The other industries like plastic products, bakeries, pharmaceutical equipment and some mini industries are working in almost all talukas. 5.4.6 Banking and Finance Banking sector in the country presently facing a peculiar situation where it is expected to perform a highly balancing act of helping the economy to grow and to meet social obligation by supporting, government sponsored programmes, where the recovery is very low and at the same time ensure a high degree of operational efficiency after the Introduction of prudential norms. The overall development of the district can be achieved if the credit programmes of the bank are dovetailed into the annual plans of the state government. This goal can be achieved by improving the credit absorption capacity of the banks and by active involvement of the government agencies in the recovery drive of the banks under government sponsored programmes. A vibrant and responsive banking system in coordination with the state government and NGOs can infuse greater private investment in agriculture and industrial sectors. Table 5.17 shows the detail of the banking network in Gulbarga district. Table-5.17 Banking network Talukas CBs KGBs DCCS PCARDBs Total Afzalpur 08 08 01 01 18 Aland 06 10 01 01 18 Chincholi 04 07 01 01 13 Chittapur 10 06 01 01 18 Gulbarga 54 12 03 01 70 Jewargi 06 09 01 01 17 Sedam 06 05 01 01 13 Shahapur 10 05 01 01 17 Shorapur 09 09 01 01 20 Yadgir 07 07 01 01 16 Total 120 78 12 10 220 Source: Gulbarga District at a Glance 2009-10. Table-5.17 reveals that as many as 120 commercial banks are operating in the district. The impressive growth of Krishna Grammena Bank branches has 186

contributed considerably the extension of banking facilities to the interior areas of the district with 78 branches. The state bank of Hyderabad with more number has the widest net work among the commercial banks. However, the existing branches are not providing adequate financial facilities for the development of the district in the industrial, agriculture and allied activities. 5.5 Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district Gulbarga district is backward and nearly 40% of rural populations are away from banks. Therefore, informal credit delivery system plays very important role in the Gulbarga district. The self Help Group Bank Linkage Programme (SHG-BLP) helps the branches to achieve the aim of extending credit coverage while keeping the managerial and supervisory load at the branch within manageable limits. Thereby small savings would be tapped at low cost, recoveries and profitability would improve and branch staff, feed from the humdrum of supervising a large of small accounts. They will be in a position to devote a large proportion of their time in planning their business and development of the services area. On the basis of records available there are 65120 families living below poverty line. There are about 332053 lakh small and marginal farmers families in the district, all these indicate the potential for SHG formation. The district has in all 62 NGOs of which 24 are active and involved in SHG. Most of the state government department like agriculture department is involved in promotion of SHGs under different programmes. As some of the government sponsored programmes like Swarna Gram Swarajgar Yojan (SGSY), Swarna Jayanti Swarajgar Yojana (SJSRY), stree shakti etc., are required to be implemented through SHGs, few more government department and other agencies are likely to get involved in the formation of SHGs. 5.5.1 Micro finance profile Micro finance profile in the Gulbarga district as on 31 March 2008 is shown in Table 5.18. 187

Table-5.18 Micro finance profile in the Gulbarga district Sl. No. Particulars Numbers 1 Total number of blocks in the district 10 2 Number of blocks where SHGs exist 10 3 Total number of blocks where SHGs are credit linked 10 4 Number of NGOs in the district 62 5 Number of NGOs participating in linking programme 24 6 Number of additional NGOs to be roped in during the year 3 7 Total number bank branches in the Gulbarga district 212 i) Commercial banks 116 ii) Krishna Grammena Bank 076 iii) District central cooperative banks 010 iv) Primary agriculture and Land Development Banks 010 8 Of which no. of branches participating in linkage programme 156 9 No. of banks worked as SHPI-DCC bank and Krishna Grameena bank 2 Source: Potential linked credit plan, 2007-08. There are 10 blocks and 10 SHGs centres. 62 Non-Governmental Organization (NGOs) are participated in the forming of groups. There are 212 bank branches operating of which 156 branches participating in bank linkage programme. DCC bank (District Central Cooperative Bank) and KGB (Krishna Grammena Bank) worked as SHPI (Self Help Promoting Institutions). 5.5.2 Status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga District The status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga District as on 31 March 2008 is shown in Table-5.19 Table-5.19 Status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga District Sl. No. Particulars Numbers 1 Number of talukas and participating in Stree Shaskti programmes 10 2 Number of angawadi participated in StreeShakti Programmes 3183 3 Number of Self Help Groups (SHGs ) in the district 9794 4 Total Number of Women (SC) in SHG 42,419 5 Total Number of Women (ST) in SHG 8935 6 Total number of Women all category in SHG 1,47,161 7 Total number of Self Help Groups (SHGs) 9794 having savings in the district 8 Savings accumulated by 9794 SHGs 3285.42 Lakh 9 Number of SHGs taken loan from banks 5677 10 Total loan taken the banks 4395.22Lakh 11 Revolving fund released to the groups 448.40Lakh Source: Potential linked credit plan, 2007-08. 188

The status of Stree Shakti Groups in Gulbarga district is shown in Table- 5.19 All the 10 taluka participated in Stree Shakti Programme Scheme, Community Development Programme Anganwadi Workers are also participated in large number i.e., 3183. Total loan taken from the bank is 4395.22 lakh. The revolving fund released to the Group is having savings in the district is 9794. 5.5.3 Taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District Taluks 448.40 lakh. The total number of groups Taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District is furnished in Table-5.20. Table-5.20 Taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District No. of Stree Shakti Sangh No. of Women (SC) No. of Women (ST) No. of Women (Others) Afzalpur 695 2380 0 9063 Aland 1045 6053 131 12216 Chincholi 837 4456 215 8594 Chittapur 1145 7070 1030 11435 Gulbarga 955 4420 0 11912 Jewargi 865 4080 514 10506 Sedam 807 1938 442 12876 TOTAL 6349 30397 2332 76602 Source: Gulbarga district at a glance 2011-12. Table-5.20 shows the taluka wise Stree Shakti Scheme in Gulbarga District. There are 6349 SHGs. The schedule caste and schedule tribe members are i.e., 30397 and 2332 respectively. 5.5.4 Progress of Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district: The progress of Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district is shown in Table-5.21. In all there are 9,794 Self Help Groups. The schedule caste and schedule tribe members are i.e., 42,419 and 8935 respectively. 189

Taluks Table-5.21 Progress of Self Help Groups in Gulbarga district No. of groups who have started savings Savings accumulated (Lakhs) No. of Groups taken loan from the bank (Lakhs) Total loan amount taken from bank (Lakhs) Revolving fund relating by Govt. (Lakhs) Afzalpur 689 221.276 461 104.648 34.05 Aland 1020 475.000 674 155.076 50.30 Chincholi 886 218.454 544 716.170 37.10 Chittapur 1204 203.305 541 566.778 53.70 Gulbarga 1289 388.103 546 333.230 59.25 Jewargi 831 242.880 585 236.228 39.70 Sedam 828 238.051 358 325.668 35.55 Shahapur 1005 387.105 563 625.078 47.60 Shorapur 1055 370.721 568 685.127 48.35 Yadgir 987 540.527 567 647.218 42.80 TOTAL 9794 3285.422 5407 4395.221 448.40 Source: Gulbarga district at a glance 2011-12. Concluding Remarks: The present chapter has given a brief profile of Gulbarga District, the study area. The profile of the district shows that the district is the most backward in Karnataka. The reasons for backwardness are not only economic but also political, historical and social. The agriculture section is still largely dependent on rain and irrigation facilities are highly limited. It is shocking to note that there is no industrialization in this region despite of 60 years of independence. The district is educationally backward which cause economic backwardness. The banking sector though has some presence but mainly limited to urban area and rural people are continued to depend on local money lenders. The SHGs are slowly making inroad into remote villages of the district. 190

References: Census of India District census Hand book Gulbarga District 1961-2011. Gulbarga District at a Glance 2009-10. Gulbarga District at a Glance, from 2008-2011. Gazetteer of India: Mysore state, Gulbarga district, Ed. B.N. Srisathyan, 1966, P. 1. Government of Karnataka, district industries centre, DIC, Action plan 1985-90, Gulbarga, p. 2. Government of Karnataka, district industries centre, DIC, Action plan 1985-90, Gulbarga, p. 5. Government of Karnataka, district industries centre, DIC, Action plan 1985-90, Gulbarga. 1. Human Development Report 2005 Govt. of Karnataka. KSFC s Gulbarga District prepared by planning and Development Department H.O.K.S.F.C. Bangalore, 1991 p. 2. Lead Bank- State bank of India: Gulbarga district credit plan 1988-90 and Annual Action Plan, 1988, p. l. Lead Bank- State bank of India: Gulbarga district credit plan 1988-90 and Annual Action Plan, 2010-11, p. 52. Chronicle Year Book, 2005, pp. 157. Nanjundappa, D.M., (2002), Dr. Nanjudappa Committee for Redressal of Regional Imbalance, Final Report Government of Karnataka. 191