GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE RESTRICTED CM#II/45 29 îanuaxy 9é Limited Distribution Oommittee II ~ Expansion of Trade Original: English OOIBULTATIOtB ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES JAPAN Commodity Information Attaohed for the information of the Committee is the reply of the Government nf Japan to the questionnaire in Annex B to document CGM.II/5.
OOM. /45 p age 2 CEREALS. Definition ef products; Tariff item No, See "paragraph 2". 2. Tariff measures Rice or Paddy Barley Wheat Tariff item No. 2 22 25 General rate 5$* $* 2$* GATT rate Corn 29 $** $*** (Only for feedingstuffs) Notes * Rice or paddy, barley and wheat shall be exempted from import duty until 3 March 96. ** Corn used for feedingstuffs is exempted in practice from import duty under the Customs Tariff Law. *** Tariff concession on corn for feedingstuffs was originally granted to the United States. 3. Nontariff measures Rice, barley and wheat are the most important foods of the people and the major products of Japanese agriculture. The policy of the Government for these products aims at stabilizing people's living «onditions and ensuring fair return to the growers. For this purpose, the Government oontrols the prises and marketing of rice, barley and wheat, pursuant to the Food Control Law of 942. (See document CM.Il/2(p)/Rev.l and Report on State trading L/784/Add.l) 4. Quantitative restrictions (a) Rice, barley and wheat (i) (ii) Annual import scheme for rice, barley and wheat is worked out by the Food Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry on the basis of the national supply and demand of the relevant food. In accordance with this scheme, rice, barley and wheat are imported on the global quota basis. (b) Corn (iii) Barley and wheat are imported on a commercial basis without discrimination. With regard to rice which is also imported on a nondiscriminatory and commercial basis as a rule, there are in force the bilateral agreements between Japan and Taiwan, Thailand and Burma, respectively, in connexion with its kind, quality, quantity and price. At the same time, however, due regard is being paid with a view to securing the fair share of the other exporting countries. No restriction exists (automatic approval basis).
COM./45 Page 3 5, Ex^hangajractiçes 6» State, trading As regards rice, barley and wheat, see CM.II/2(p)/Rev.l and Report on State trading L/784/Add,l. As for corn, there is no Statetrading operation. 7. Subsidies on domestic production A brief description of the price support system for rice, barley and wheat is given in CM n II/2(p)/Rsv,l. As for the production subsidies, see CM.II/2(p)/Rev,l and Report on Subsidies L/3, 8«Export subsidies 9 LoYel of protection See Table I attached.. Statistical information See Table II attached.
COM./45 Page 4 Table I ^^Q^ÎLÇiSs^ BaxleXan^Jtoeajt (Unit: US p D o ni e s t c m p o r t e d / Government purchase price Government selling price Consumer price Government purchase price Government selling price Consumer price Rice 85,33 86e22 98.75 64,65 74.79 9. 89.98 86ol3 98.75 63.4 77.36 93.6 84.52 86.74 2.86 48 «86 63.5 88.8 9.2 2.65 26.3 47.4 75*3 96.2 89.93 2.65 26.3 ' 49.52 75.48 94.3 Barley 89.42 9. ~ 65.56 76.58 9. 9.48 72.86 76.58 9.5 88.9 75. 79.67 94.8 87=4 69.72 8.78 94.39 87.4 64.5 8.79 «heat 99,35.46 75,99.84 98.89 93.84 76..26 97.78 96.6 79.9 2.2 2.8 95.4 79.48 2,54 2.27 95.4 73.5 2.48 Notes : (a) Government purchase prices and selling prices; For domestic rice? the purchase price is the average price for rice produced in the year concerned and the selling prices are the prices fixed by the Government. For doraesti; barley and wheat, the prices are of standard brands produced in the year concerned. For Imported rice, barley and «heat, the prices are Lased on the average importation prices during the fiscal year (from April to Mar^h). (b) Consumer price: The Government fixes a consumer price for rice, but not for barley and ahest.
v_ ^ Table II Liaaarts^ I lone Production, Exoorts end Consumption of Cereals Quar.'ity, tons Value USf, 93438 Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Rice* Imports ljtal supplies Exports as 2 of home consumption 9,386 2,59,445 6,339 832 8,293,432 25,782 9,725.2 36 9,724.8 352,27,246 96,645 2,56. 35 2,55.9 92 9,98,432,859 76 8,39 347 48,53 55 72,5,678,779,364. 5,677.9,779, 54 932 972 962 Barley Home Production Imports TtrUI supflles Exports as 2 of home consumption Wheat Imports Exports as 2 cf home consumption,555 4,569 35,534 2,287 266,553 394,59 2 2>582 764 5,7 3,346.6 3 3,345.4 m,55 2,87 67,993 3,72. 4 3,7.9 2,48 576 39,839 2,984.8 39 2,983.2 2,34 922 3,263 3,263 62,29 2,6 842 3,2 3,2 55,724 2,67 76 2,783 2,783 82 722 722 742,468 2,287 3,755 3,755 392 67,383 8,375 2,277 3,652 3,652 382 65,345 5,33 2,239 3,569 3,569 372 63,233,28 2.2.8 3,56 3,56 362 4,378 54,9 62 Corn Imports Exports as 2 of hoaa consumption 75 2 275 275 27.2 Note: (a) Calendar year 66 95 26 26 5,69 56 342 398 398 25.4 4_ (';) * polished rice 9,32 345 445 445 9,82 22.5 83 56 599 599 3.9 3,23 97 666 763 763 2.2 4,393
COM. /45 Page 6 SUGAR. Definition of products: Tariff item No. See "paragraph 2". 2. Tariff measures Tariff Ttaa Rate of Duty It an No. General GATT Sugar 3 /* /kg. (i) Containing not over 98 degrees of polarization, excluding soft sugar, powdered sugar mixed with staroh and the like.53 (ii) Other 2 4.3 Rock candy, cube sugar, loaf sugar and similar sugar 32 7.63 3. Nontariff measures Polioy and ob.lectites With a view to promoting the domestic production of sugarbeet and improving farm management in cold regions, the Government is taking prioesupport measures for beetsugar, under the Provisional Measures Law for. Developing BeetSugar Production of 953. The Government purchases beetsugar manufactured from the sugarbeet which is purchased from the growers at the guaranteed price. The Government purchase price for the beetsugar is set on the basis of the guaranteed price of sugarbeet established by the Government plus manufacturing cost and other expenses. For the fiscal year, the Government purchased about 2, tons of beetsugar. 4. Quantitative restrictions Raw sugar is imported on the global quota basis. However, imports of raw sugar from Taiwan is permitted under the single quota basis according to the Trade Agreement between Japan and Taiwan. 5. Exchange practices
COM.Il/45 Page 7 6, State trading None, 7. Subsidies on domestic production For these production subsidies, see document COM.II(p)/Rev.l and Report on Subsidies (document L/3). 8 a Export subsidies 9. Level of protection (a) Guaranteed prioe The guaranteed prioe of sugarbeet has been US$4,6 per ton during the past three years. (b) Government purchase prioe of refined beeteugar: ^958 US# per ton 25 24 2 Note: The above data are for the fisoal year» (c) C.i.f. price of imported raw sugar: JL958 US$ per ton 6.7 38.69 98.6 Note: Calendar year.. Statistical information See Table I attached.
Table I Imports, Home Production, Exports and Home Consumption of Sugar....... S B K Quantity, tons o r Value US$, œ * 93438 Quant. Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value * Imports** Exports as % of home consumption 52,22,254 55 998 5.2 4,4 7,9,55 27 2,786,74 3.7 63,7 6,33,33 33 3,447,78 5.9 7 i,22 28,269,272,247,58 e.o 8,52 6,67,242 5 844,45 7.,223 2,592,333,94,254 8.5 Note: (a) Calendar year (b) * refined beet sugar and black sugar (c) ** raw sugar
COM. /45 Page 9 VEGETABLE OILS AND SEEDS. Definition of products; Tariff item No. See "paragraph 2", 2. Tariff measuros _. Item Tariff Item T+ No. Rate of Duty General GATT* Soyabean 2~ Rapeseed 25 5 Mustard seed 25 5 Copra 7 Free Free Cottonseed 29 Free Free Safflowerseed 22 Free Palmkernol 22 Free Kapok seed 22 Free Free Sesame seed 23 Free Free Peanut 23 Castor seed 28 Free Linseed 26 Free Free Rice bran 746 Free Sunflower seed 22 Free Seed of perilla ocimoides Hemp seed 27 Free p _. Item Tariff Item No. Soyabean oil 57 2 Rapeseed oil 527 5 Mustardseed oil 527 5 Coconut oil 55 Rate of Duty General GATT* Cottonseed oil 58 ** Safflowerseed oil 527 5 Palmkernel oil 55 Kapok oil 527 5 Peanut oil 56 2 Castorseed oil 53 Linseed oil 52 Ricebran oil 527 5 Palm oil 55 Olive oil 54 Free Free Tung oil 59 Free ' * Tariff.bindings are: Soyabean and cottonseed oil to the United States Cottonseed and sesameseed to Nicaragua Copra and kapok seed to Indonesia Linseed to Uruguay Olive oil to Italy **Cottonseed oil to be used for the manufacture of canned fish or shellfish for export shall be exempted from customs duty. Japan reserves the right to change the procedures established for the dutyexempted treatment under the Customs Tariff Law, provided that such changes shall not result in nullification or any impairment of the concessions.
COM. /45 Page 3. Nontariff measures Among the abovementioned commodities, the price support measures are applied to soyabean and rapeseed, under the provisions of the Agricultural Products Price Stabilization Law of 953, in order to maintain their prices at the normal level and thereby contribute to the stabilization of agricultural production and farmers' household economy. With regard to these two products, the Government, taking into account the voluntary marketing control by grovrers' organizations, gives preferences to the purchase of products supplied by such organizations. The Government establishes its purchase prices for two products, taking into account agricultural parity indices, production costs, the demand and supply condition and other general economic situations. For the fiscal year, the purchase prices for soyabean and rapeseed were USfWO and US$39.8 per ton, respectively. The Government has not purchased domestic soyabean and domestic rapeseed, besides the exceptional purchase of 6, tons of rapeseed in, 4. Quantitative restrictions (i) No import restrictions are applied to the following items (automatic approval basis): Soyabean*, copra, cottonseed, safflower, palmkernel, kapok, sesame, linseed, castorseed, ricebran, sunflower, seed of perilla ooimoides, hempseed, palmoil, tungoil. Soyabean is freely imported from nondollar areas. (ii) Quota system is in force, as for the following: 5. Exchange practices 6. State trading Soyabean from dollar areas, rapeseed, peanuts, soyabean oil, rapeseed oil, mustard oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, palmkernel oil, kapok oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, linseed oil, castorseed oil, ricebran oil. 7«Subsidies on domestic production As regards production subsidies for soyabean and rapeseed^ # ^cument CM.II/2(p)/Rev.l 8. Export subsidies None,
COM. /45 Page 9. Level of protection Soyabean Rapeseed Government purchase pri ce of domestic products $/ton 39,35 4,4 4 4 37 o 4 39 8 39,8 Marketing price of domestic products* $/ton C.i.f. price of imported products $ per ton 46.39 22.23 44.44.88 55,3 97.66 63.37 47.89 42.45 5. 39.56. Note: (a) The above data are for each fiscal year, (b) No protection is virtually forced, as seen in this table, (c)* Prices in producing district.. Statistical information See Tables land II attached»
COU /45. p ag ]4 Tabla... _ Home Production, Imports, Exports, Home Consumption cf Vegetable Oils Quantity, tons Value US$, ; Home Production Imports Exports Home Consumptiin Soyabean oil Q 74.8 ti 89.7 H 93.6 H 23.5 n 23 Q V 36 ii. 6 H n 26 H 2 Q V 9.7 2,82 n 5.3,66 II 3,53 H 22.6 6,84 ti 9.3 4,855 Q 842 H 8.4 II 85.5 II 97.7 n 5.4 Rapeseed 73.9 99.2 8.3 2.2.7 34 22.7 29.6 239. 5 74.3 98.2 7.4 2.2 Coconut oil 28.4 3 27 3 27.3.2 56 3.2 56 28.2 3.5 26.8 3.7 27.5 Cottonseed oil 8.5... 9.2. 6..2 539.7 725 2.6,28 2.9,75 2.4,37 7. «* 3 8.3 9.6 2.9 2 6.2 Safflower oil 8.2 3... ' «. 8 2.4 Palm kernel oil 3.7 9.9 2.5 3.6 7.6 35. 27 3.7 9.6 2.5 4 7.3 Kapok 3.5 2.5 2.8 4.9 5.8 3.5 2.2 3 4.6 5.7 Sesame oil 3.4 3.7 4.8 3.4 4.6 8. 24 3 4 4 3.4 3.7 4.3 3.7 4.4 Peanut oil.5 2.5.. 37 2. 2.4 2.4.3. Linseed oil 8 2 22 3 2.2 446.9 57 5.2 69.3 5 8 2 2.9 29.5 23.5 Castor oil 8.2 7.8.3 9.7.6 223.4 6 5 3 22 8 7.8 7.3.4 9.4 Rice bran oil 3.5 5 3 22.5 28 3.5 47 2.5 22.2 27.7 Palm oil ~.5 3,467 34.5 8,35 2 5,29.6 2,928 2.9 2,767 5 5.5 33.4 24.2 2 2.8 Olive oil.3 7.4 255.2 26.3 23. 74 8 2.3.4.2.3. Tung oil 3,53 3.7,965 46 2,438 4,857 4.8,525 2. 5 6 3 3.5 4.5 4 4,7 Other 4.6 2..2.G.7 3. 43 8. 5 3 5 4.2 74.3 9 8 4.7 2.2 8.5.5.7 Total 23 É92.4 326.5 369 377.5 6 5,378 4.,487 3.3 9,76 7.3 5,998 2.2 5,478 3,383 5.3,748 4,9 23.9 7,334 9.7 5,4 238.8 38.2 346 362.2 379. Notet Fiscal year (from April to March)
COM./45 Page 5 FISH Definition of products: Tariff item No, See "paragraph 2". Tariff measures Item Fish, crustaceans, molluscs and the like () Food (a) Fresh (b) (c) Those canned, bottled or potted (i) sardines in oil (ii) other Fish, salted or dried, including those steamed or boiled (d) Other (2) Live (a) Seaweeds Those for breeding purposes including fish roe (b) Other (a) Fresh (b) Other Tariff Rate of Duty Item No. General 324 324 2 324 3 324 A '9 9 2 32 Ba 32 Ba Note: The GATT rate is bound to the United States. 2 T 25 2 5 Free 5 GATT Shrimps, prawns and lobsters, fresh, chilled or frozen: 5%
COM. n/45 Page 6 3. Nontariff measures Policy and objectives The Government endeavours to stabilize fishery management of smallscale fishermen and to increase their net income through promoting the production and export of fish and fish products, pursuant to the Fishery Law of 949 and the Marine Industry Cooperative Law of 948, etc. The Government is, however, taking no special measures except subsidies to some production. As regards the production subsidies for fisheries see the Report on Subsidies (document L/3). 4. Quantitative restrictions In general there are no imports of fish and fish products as a rule, since the domestic production can furnish all home requirements 5. Exchange practices 6. State trading 7. Subsidies on domestic production See the Report on Subsidies (document L/3). 8. Export subsidies 9. Level of protection. Statistical information See Table I attaohed.
Hone Production, Imports, Exports and Home Consumption of Fish Quantity Value, tons ussi, Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant» Value Fisheries Catches 4,234 4,572 4,445 5,4 5,65 Fresh* Import Export Prod, as 2 of home consumption Chilled or frozen Import Export Home prod, as? of home con. Canned Import Export Home prod, as? of home con. Salted, dried or smoked Import Export Home prod, as? of home con. 2,68 2,68 2,68 2 242 244 56 88 292 96 96 56 4 2372 44 2 46 32 384 82 ~ 333 23,567 2... 42,57,86 8,538 2,83 2,83 2,83 2 33 39 7 249 282 25 25 62 63 982 47 472 25 447 52 283 22,97 4 45,67 55 7,26 «2,2 2, 2, 2 32 2 323 65 257 252 49 49 7 42 3542 442 2 444 8 426 42 559 24,576 25 89,397,2 ~ 6,588 Z,tt5 2,256 2,256 2 394 4 399 85 34 26? 96 96 5 9 272 497 2 499 3 486 22 2,475 3,483 43 83,69 823 6,229,93,93,93 2 477 4 48 3 363 32 225 225 37 88 256? 492 4 495 2 484 22 «3,23 ~ 42,939 24 22,555 «,959 5,984 Note: (a) Calendar year (b) * estimated
COM./45 Page 8 DAIRY PRODUCTS» Definition of products: Tariff itom No. See "paragraph 2". 2, Tariff measures Item Tariff Item No, General Rate of Duty GATT $ % (l) Milk or cream, fresh 342 25 (2) Evaporated or condensed (a) Whole (i) sweetened (ii) unsweetened (b) Skimmed (i) sweetened (ii) unsweetened (3) Dried 327 327 34 342 3 3 35 25 3 3 25 provided that rate of duty for school lunch is free (a) Whole (i) sweetoned (ii) unsweetened 327 327 3 3 3 3 (b) Skimmed (i) sweetened (ii) unsweetened 34 342 35 25 25 provided that rate of duty for school lunch is free Butter and gee Cheese and curd 325 326 35 35. Note: All tariff concessions were originally granted to the United States. 3. Nontariff measures Policy and ob.loctives The essential objectives of the dairy policy are to improve farm management, oupled with the increase of dairy productivity and encouragement of lo«al consumption of dairy products.
COM,/45 Page 9 The Government endeavours to encourage the breeding of dairy cattle and to promote steady and reasonable development of dairy farming, pursuant to the Livestockkeeping Farmers' Establishment Special Measures Law of 953, the Dairy Promoting Law of and the Dairy Promoting Fund Law of, etc. The measures taken by the Government are: (i) to secure more reasonable conditions of dairy production by encouraging the establishment of dairy farming regions, rational dairy manufactures, etc.; (ii) to encourage increased consumption of dairy products, especially group consumption for school lunch and the like; (iii) to provide milk producers and dairy manufacturers with financing facilities to a certain extent. 4. Quantitative restrictions (a) As regards natural cheese, there are no Import restrictions (automatic approval basis). (b) As regards other dairy products, a quota system is in force. 5. Exchange practices 6. State trading Nono. 7» Subsidies on domestic production With regard to production subsidies, see the Report on Subsidies (document L/3). 8. Export subsidies 9. Level of protection. Statistical information See Tables I and II attached.
Table Home Production of LU Ik (Unit tons) > {^ ro 936 289,558 928,577 989,975,53,63,35,64,543,334 (Farm households Fresh (fluid) (Other than (farm households 8,54 45,22 9,53 45,26 2,5 483,62 6,225 542,45 32,95 67,933 39,5/7 739,529 Processed 35,86 42.843 43,843 495,26 6,66 669,228 (Butter (including skjra mil!<) 7,69 3,962 22,783 22,962 262,99 354,69,Cheese 2,76 8,47 2/5 9,8 3,58 33,46 (Condensed or evaporated milk 52,964 3,46,738 43 ; 626 59,8 53,847.Dried milk 9,56,2 86,97 8,863 59,8 47,23 Note: Calendar year
Table Evaporated or condensed mi Ik Imports [ Export Home prod, as I of home con. Dried milk Imports Expoit Home prod, as? of home con. Butter Imports Export Home prod, as? cf home con. Cheese lmprrts Exports Home prod, as? of home con. Imports, Home Production, Exports and Home Consumption of Other Dairy Products 93438 Quant. 9,92 223 2,44 6,645 3,499 48?,38 238,69 23,46 98? 2,664 2 2,784 83 2,6 2? 77 64 24 24 74? Quant. Value 59,843 69 6,2 685 59,327? 8,899 4,598 33,497 67 33,43 57? 64,245 375,472 76,539 86,843 6,833,433,488, 8,266 2,247 8,24 83? 84 93,745 2,743 47? 826,5,93 Quant. 5,96 379 5,475 3 5,344? 7,46 4,94 3,986 96 3,89 53? 7,287 537 7,824 7,824 93?,28,3 2,32 2,32 53? Value 23,23 7,5 4,367,757,593 57,866 94 87,882,22 Quant» 64,76 836 65,597 68 65,629 99? 2,23 2,43 4,634 36 4,38 5? 7,764 23 7,967 7,967 97?,93 653 2,583 2,583 75? Val ue 39, 3 43,745 ~ 6,95, 68 42, 48 2, 562, 743 67 85 Quant. 76,324 54 76,378 45 76,333? 9,648 26 9,99 9,99 97? 2,99 629 3,548 3,548 82? Quantity Value Value 27,347 3,27 28,432 25,825,6,6 55,257 253 269,38 55,4 52? 263,62 573,39 tons us: Quant. Kalue 62,56 32 62,548 43 62,55? 2,632 87 2,89 2,89 99? 3,429 727 4,56 5 4,5 83? 2,967 28,797 32,842 2,97 8,27,66 54,749 64 683,522 55,9 6? 42,376 595,42 2,6] Note: Calendar year
COM. n/45..page 22 ^IBATS! Pqf initio,,! of.products; Tariff item No. See "paragraph 2". 2» Tariff measures Item Meat, poultry and game Tariff Item No, General % Rate of Duty GATT [lj Fresh k2) Those canned, bottled or potted J 3) Ham, bacon and sausages [4) Salted whale meat (5) Other 323 3232 3233 3234 3235 25 25 5 3, Nontariff measures None, 4» " nt it atiyejrestri étions As for mutton (including lamb), poultry meat and horse meat, there are no import restrictions (automatic approval basis). Regarding other meats, quota systems are in force. None, 6 «State trading None, 7 Subsidies on domestic production None, 8 Expert subsidies 9, Level of prot çtion None,, Sj;_8^i_stJj3ajL_jnf^rm^ion See Table I attached.
COM. n/45 Page 23 Table I Importa, Home Production. Exports and Consumption of Meats (Quantity:, tons) (Value: IBfl, J 93438 29 86 243 272 278 3 Imports (Quantity) 2 3 2.4 8 4 (Value) 44 722 978 8,7 96 29.2 87 244.4 274.4 296 34 Exports (Quantity)... (Value) 54 99 22 2 5 29.2 87 244,4 274.3 295.9 33.9 as percentage of home cor.3umption $ 99.5$ 99$ 94$ 99$ Notes: (a) The abovementioned figures contain those on beef, horse meat, mutton, lamb and goat meat, fresh or frozen. (b) The above data are for the calendar year.
COM. n/45 Page 24 EGGS. Définition of product: Tariff item No. Eggs 33. 2. Tariff measures (n) Import duty General rate of duty: 2 per cent. (b) There is no tariff binding. 3. Nontariff measures 4. Q.uantitatiye restrictions Imports of eggs are subject to qucyta. systems, 5. Exchange practices 6. State trading None 7 Subsidies on domestic production None, 8. Export^subsidies 9. Level of rç.jrtçïtifm. Statistical information See Table I attached.
Table Imports, Home Production, Exports and Consumption of Eggs Quantity, tons Value US$, 93438 Quant. Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant. Value Quant, Value Quant. Value 9 323 36 355 395 424 Imports : 9 328 36 355 395 4C4 Exports.4 8.3 2 9.7 2. 2.7 2 8. 98.6 327 359 353 393 422 Home prod, as % of home con., ).3,6.6.5.5 Note: Calendar year to CD Q