GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE RESTRICTED coi.n/125/add.2 1 December 1961 Limited Distribution Committee IJ. - Expansion of Traie Original : French FIRST SERIES OF CONSULTAT IOI.i ON AGRICULTURAL POLICIES F 0 R T U G A _L Commodity Information Attached for the information of the Committee is the reply of the Portuguese Government to the questionnaire contained in Annex B of document COM.Il/5 with regard to the overseas territories of Portugal.
COM.11/125/Ada.2 Page 2 BACKGROUND INFORMATION REQUESTED BY COMMITTEE II (Annex B to Document COM.Il/5) 1. Introduction The reply to the questions put will be divided into three parts: (a) tariff measures in force in each of the P rtuguese overseas provinces; (b) other questions raised in the above-mentioned doouœeat (statement of non-tariff measures and quantitative restrictions in force); (c) statistics of imports and exports and, where possible, of production. Statistics of consumption and production are still far from complete and it will, therefore, not be possible to supply all the information requested. 2. Tariff measures As regards the tarif! regime, the CONTRACTING PARTIES have already been informed of the revision now in progress, wnich will be based on the Brussels Nomenclature. A revision is also being made of taxes levied by the customs, some of which have been eliminated and others incorporated in the overseas customs tariffs. In this connexion the following charges may be mentioned: (a) in Angola a surcharge of 2? per cent ad valorem for the Development Fund; (b) (c) in Mozambique a maritime trade tax amounting to 2$50 per ton; in Portuguese India, for packaged goods, $40 per parcel and for goods in bulk, $40 per 50 kg.; this levy is known as the "health tax". As regards Portuguese India, only tariff measures applied in the district of Goa will be indicated since that, district is the only one with any significant import trade. It should be noted, however, that in the districts of Damâo and Diu the customs regime differs slightly from that of Goa in some respects. The levies in force are indicated below:
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 3 Cereals Customs duties Other charges Cape Verde Maize in the grain (subject only to a charge amounting to 3 per cent of the customs duty when intended to meet a shortage due to inadequate production in the province) Rice $12/kg. $30/kg. $02.Vkg.+15-5# $01.5/kg.+15.5# Other cereals in the grain $20/kg. $0Vkg. + 15.5# Portuguese Guinea Wheat Rice Cereals in the grain, not specified $Wkg. $15/kg. ;02.08/kg.+6$ $07.8/Kg.+6$ 6% 9.12$ St. Thomas and Prince's Islands Angola Rice Maize Wheat in the grain $20/kg. $Wkg. $56/kg. $08.4/kg.+6.25# $l6.8/kg.+6.25^ $23.52/kg.+6.25# 10.01 Wheat and meslin (mixed wheat and rye) 10.05 Maize $Wkg. 3% 10.06 Rice 01 in the husk or semi-prepared 02 not specified $60/kg. l$00/kg.
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 4 Mozambique 10.01 Wheat and raeslin (mixed wheat arid rye) 10.05 Maize 10.06 Rice 01 in the husk or semi-prepared 02 not specified Portuguese India Timor Rice, in the husk Husked rice Barley, maize, "mexoeira" and cereals, not specified Customs duties 1# 9% 26% 2$l6/kg. 2$70/l60kg. 5$70/l60kg. 3$80/l60kg. Other charges $13-5/l60kg. +l$30/50kg. +3$ ad val- $28.5/l6Ckg. +l$30/50kg. +~5% $19/l60kg. +l$30/50kg. +3$ Rice and other cereals l$25/kg. $25/kg. +h% The unit of weight used is the Indian "candil", which is equivalent to 160 kg.
CCM.II/125/Add.2 Page 5 Cape Verde Cereal Customs duties Other charges Wheat flour Maize flour Flour of other cereals Portuguese Guinea $4o/kg. $20/kg. l$40/kg. $02/kg.+15.5$ $0l/kg.+15.5# $28/kg.+15-5$ Flour of oats, rye, barley and maize Wheat flour Cereal flours, not specified 6$ 9.12$ $15/kg. $07-8/kg.+6$ 10$ 11.2$ St. Thomas and Prince's Islands Flour of rye, barley and maize Wheat flour Cereal flours, not specified Angola 10.01 Cereal flours not put up for retail sale 01 wheat 02 maize 04 put up for retail sale $4o/kg. $28/kg. 12$ l$30/kg. 28$ 20$ $l6.8/kg.+6.25$ $11.76/kg.+6.25# 11.24$
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 6 Customs duties Other charges Mozambique 10.01 Cereal flours not put up for retail sale 01 wheat 02 maize 04 put up for retail sale $7l/kg. 6$ ad val- 22$ Portuguese India Wheat flour Cereal flours, not specified Timor Wheat flour Cereal flours, not specified Sugar Cape Verdg Portuguese Uu tea St. Thomas and Prince's Islands $50/kg. l$30/kg. $63/kg. 4$70/kg. l$00/kg. l$00/kg. $50/kg. $02.5/kg.+I$JO/ 50kg. +3f $06.5/kg.-:-l$3C/ 50kg.+3$ ad val, $12.6/kg. +4$ ad val $94/kg. +H $20/kg. +15-5% $55/kg. +6% ad val $2l/kg. +6.25$ ad val
COM.I1/125/Add.2 Page 7 Customs duties Other charges Angola 17-01 Beet sugar and cane sugar, solid 01 Up to type 20 of the Dutch scale Aggregate of the duties and the 'national welfare tax" levied in metropolitan territory 02 Above type 20 of the Dutch scale, and sugar refined by the Portuguese process 17-02 Other sugars; sugar syrups, artificial honey (v/hether or not mixed with natural honey); caramel (a) 17-05 01 Sugars, not specified 04 Caramel Flavoured or coloured sugars, syrups and molasses, including sugar flavoured with natural or artificial vanilla, but not including fruit juices containing added sugar in any proportion 01 Sugars (a) l$58/kg. 300 l$58/kg. Mozambique 17.01 Beet sugar and cane sugar, solid 01 Up to type 20 of the Dutch scale 02 Above type 20 of the Dutch scale, and sugar refined by the Portugue"^ process 3$00/kg. 3$00/kg.
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 8 Customs duties Other charges 17.02 Other sugars; sugar syrups, artificial honey (whether or not mixed with natural honey); carame] 01,?» 01 Sugars, not specified 04 Caramel 17.05 Flavoured or coloured sugars, syrups and molasses, including sugar flavoured with natural or artificial vanilla, but not including fruit juices containing added sugar in any proportion Sugars (a) 3$00/kg. 31.5?' 3$00/kg. Portuguese India $60/kg. $03/kg. +5$ Timor l$25/kg. $25/kg. +h% (a) Sugar imported into Angola for therapeutic purposes falls under the heading "medicinal substances, n.s.m."; similarly, sugar imported by the health services and by pharmacies is subject only to the 5 per cent ad valorem charge levied on medicinal substances n.s.m. Sugf.r imported into Mozambique and intended for pharmacies and industries, is taxed at the rate of 10 per cent of the minimum tariff.
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 9 Dairy produce In Angola a 30 per cent ad valorem charge is levied on butter and cheese; in Mozambique the charge is at the rate of 11.5 per cent ad valorem. Milk powder and other milk products are charged at the rate of 12 per cent and -6 per cent respectively in Angola and Mozambique. In the other overseas provinces the customs regime is as follows : Cape Verde Customs duties Other charges Butter and cheese 4$00Ag $80Ag+15. 5% Milk powder, condensed milk, etc. l$40/kg $28Ag+15.S Portuguese Guinea Butter Cheese" Milk powder, condensed milk, etc. 6% 10% 6% 9.12% 11.12% 9.12% St. Thomas and Prince's Islands Butter and cheese 5#00/kg $210/kg+6.25% Milk powder, condensed milk, etc. 12% 11.29% ad val Portuguese India Butter Cheese l$70ag lf50/kg $085/kg+5% $075Ag+5$ ad val Milk powder, condensed milk, etc. $60/kg $03Ag+5# Timor Butter and cheese 4$70/kg f94/kg+4# Milk powder, condensed milk,etc. 4$7 Ag $94Ag+4% 2.5 per cent surcharge for the Development Fund.
C0M.II/125/Adfl.2 Page 10 Meat Cape Verde Customs duties Other charges Portuguese Guinea Meat, not preserved Preserved meat l70ag 4$ooAg $i4/kg+i5.# $80Ag+i5* 5$ ad valo Meat, not preserved Preserved meat 6$ 9.12$ 12$ 12.24$ St. Thomas and Prince's Islands Meat, net preserved l$00ag $42/kg-^.25$ Preserved meat 11$ 10,87$ Angola In Angola meat is subject to a 2$ per cent ad valorem charge on Y/hich an additional 2g per cent charge is levied l'or the Development Fund. Mozambique 02.01 ) 02.02 ) 02.03.01) 02.04 ) 16.02 02.03.02) 02.06 ) 16.01 ) 02.05 ) 16.02 ) Meat and edible offals, fresh, chilled or frozen Other prepared or preserved meat and meat offals Meat and edible offals, salted, in brine, dried or smoked; sausages Unrendered pig fat and unrendered poultry fat ; meat extracts and meat jufces 33$ 12$ b 21.5%
C0n.ll/125/Add.2 Page 11 Portuguese India Timor Meat, not preserved Preserved meat Meat, not preserved Preserved meat Customs duties l$30/kg l#70ag 4#7oAg 4$70Ag Other charges $065/kg+5$ $085Ag+5$ $94/kg+4$ $94Ag+4$ Cap Verde Fish Cod, fish salted, in brine or dried Pish, preserved, fresh, frozen or smoked ifooag 4$00/kg $20Ag+15-5$ $80Ag+15.5# Portuguese Guinea Cod, and fresh or frosen fish Fish, dried or salted Fish, smoked or in brine 6% 9*. 12$ 10$ 11.2$ 12$ 11.24$ Fish, preserved: - Tunny, mackerel and sardines - Other 10$ 11.2$ 12$ 12.24$ St. Thomas and Prince's Islands Cod Fish, fresh, frozen, salted or in brine 60Ag l$00/kg $25.2Ag+7-25$ $42Ag+7.25$ Fish, dried or smoked Fish, preserved l$20/kg $50.4$+-7.25$ 11$ 10.87$
C0il.il/125/Add. 2 Page 12 Angola Customs duties 03.01 Fish, fresh (live or dead), chilled or frozen: 01 Sardine 10% - 02 Fish, not specified 25% 03. 02 Fish, salted, in brine, dried or smoked : 01 Dried cod 15% 02 Edible roes 25% 03 Sardines, salted or in brine 10% C4 Fish, not specified 25% 16. 04 Prepared or preserved fish, including caviar and caviar substitutes 25% Mozambique 03.01 Fish, fresh (live or dead), chilled or frozen: 01 Sardines 25% ad val. 02 Fish, not specified 28% ad val. 03.02 Fish, salted, in brine, dried or smoked : 1. 02 Dried cod Edible roes 6% ad 13% ad val. val. 03 Sardines, salted or in brine 12% ad val. 04 Fish, not specified 13% ad val. I6.O4 Prepared or preserved fish, including caviar and caviar substitutes 13%
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 13 Portuguese India Fish, fresh and frozen Fish, salted, dried or smoked Fish, preserved Customs duties Free l 50/kg l$0o/kg Other charges 3% #07.5Ag+i$30/ 50kg+3% #05/kg+l#30/ 50kg+3% Timor Cod Fish, fresh or frozen Fish, not specified, preserved, salted or otherwise prepared (Dried or salted fish for human consumption is duty-free) 6 25/kg 4l70/kg 4$70/kg 1^25/kg+4^ Cape Verde Vegetable oils Edible vegetable oils and palm oil l$80/i $36/l.+l5-5* Portuguese Guinea Vegetable oil and residues not suitable for use in foodstuffs ; fats and residues commonly known as "slush" Edible oils $50/kg $10Ag+15. % 6% 9-125? Oils, not specified 13% 12.76% St. Thomas and Prince's Islands Olive oil and other oils for use in foodstuffs 2$50/kg l$05ag+o-25% Vegetable oils, not specified 20% 14-65%
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 14 Angola 15.07 Vegetable oils and fats of vegetable origin, crude, refined or purified: 03 04 OS 09 10 11 Mozambique Palm oil for use in foodstuffs for other purposes Groundnut oil for u^e in foodstuffs for other purposes Oils and fats, not specified for use in foodstuffs for other purposes Customs duties 3#00/kg. 30$ 3^00/kg. 30. 5$ 25/0 30.5$ Other charges 15.07 Vegetable oils and fats of vegetable origin, crude, refined or purified: Palm oil 03 for use in foodstuffs 04 for other purposes Groundnut oil 08 for use in foodstuffs 09 for other purposes Oils and fats, not specified 10 for use in foodstuffs 11 for other purposes Portuguese India 23$ 13$ 23$ 13$ 23$ 15$ 'il Coconut oil Sesamum oil, ground nut oil and edible oils, not specified Oils, not specified 3#00/l. l#20/l. #50/1. 4#20/l,+1#30/ /50kg+10$ #06/1.+1#30/ /50kg+10$ #02/1.+1#30/ /50kg+10$ Timor Vegetable oils, not specified 8$ 5.6$
C0H.II/125/Add.2 Vvre 15 3. Other questions raised (a) Exchange practices In the overseas provinces there Te no exchange practices applied which in any way constitute incentives to production or exports. (b) State trading In the overseas provinces foreign trade is conducted by private persons only; even in cases, such as public tenders, There the State intervenes in order to safeguard the public interest, the agricultural products concerned are ultimately imported by a private firm. (c) Subsidies For the reasons indicated in the statement on general agricultural policy no subsidies are granted to production or exports. (d) Non-tariff measures 1. Cereals: 1.1 - Maize: Government departments carry out the Government's agricultural policy and provide technical guidance for maize production in the overseas provinces. In the territories where maize is grown in large quantities, official organizations also exist which provide more specialized technical assistance to farmers in order to achieve higher productivity, A co-operative organization, the "Angola Maize Corporation", handles export sales of maize and is responsible for applying the quality standards set by the government departments responsible for supervising exports and the movement of goods from one territory ^o another. Domestic prices are fixed at the beginning of each harvest on the basis of estimated international prices. 1.2 - "Wheat: 7/heat production in the overseas territories is not sufficient to meet consumer needsj the government departments and specialized agencies existing in the principal producing areas have, therefore, tried to encourage wheat growing by giving adequate technical assistance and reasonable credit facilities to farmers. The authorities have also tried as far as possible to grant guaranteed prices to producers. 1.3 - Rice: Rice production is also insufficient to meet present demands in the overseas provinces. As in the c ;:i se of wheat, therefore, government departments have tried to encourage larger crops in the provinces where this is possible. In view of the special nature of rice growing, however, great 1) document C0M.Il/40(k)/Add.l
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 16 difficulties have been encountered. Sales of rice abroad are conducted either through bodies representing rice-nusking mills, or through exporters, under the supervision of government departments which see that the quality standards applicable to rice are respected. 2. Sugar, Sugar production in the overseas territories has graduallyincreased and is on the way to meeting domestic consumer needs. In the normal way, each sugar-cane grower has the necessary equipment for extracting crude sugar. In order to encourage sugar-cane growing, the following privileges have been granted to sugar producers: (a) territories with a sugar deficit grant preferential treatment for their supplies to those with a sugar surplus, (b) a guaranteed price is fixed for sugar purchases, so as to obviate the repercussions of international price fluctuations in a sector where investment outlay is particularly high. 3. Meat: Government policy is designed to encourage by every means available expanded meat production in the overseas territories. Countless obstacles have been encountered in securing this objective, ranging from problems of livestock health to those relating to the modification of certain popular traditions. Government departments have, nevertheless, sought to extend to the maximum the scope of technical assistance, in order to ensure healthy livestock. In addition, large credit facilities have been made available to producers by government departments, either directly or through producers' organizations, thus encouraging expanded production. In order to develop animal husbandry, minimum ceiling prices are fixed for sales of livestock, in most of the overseas territories, however, retail prices are lower than those current on international markets. Livestock is marketed either at markets held on pre-determined dates, or by direct transactions during the rest of the year. One of the aims which it is hoped to achieve through the development of animal husbandry is the processing of meat intended for export. 4. Milk: In most of the overseas territories, milk production falls short of demand, due, on the one hand, to inadequate local production and, on the other hand, to difficulties connected with keeping milk fresh and carrying it over great distances. Purchases of condensed and powdered milk, therefore, continue to rise.
CCM.II/125/Add.2 Page 17 The Government is, however, currently operating schemes for encouraging milk production. Among other benefits granted to producers, credit has been made available for the purchase of special breeds of cattle, together with the necessary technical and financial assistance, so that the animals can be kept at maximum producing capacity. In ddition, the State encourages the creation of producers' associations for the organization of milk marketing and processing. In order to encourage these activities, the State guarantees minimum prices to producers for sales of fresh milk and for sales to industry. Milk marketing on the domestic market is the responsibility of producers' co-operatives, under the technical supervision of government departments. 5. Dairy produce 5.1 - Butter: In view of the fact that milk production falls short of normal demand, it is not surprising that the same situation obtains for butter. Deficits in local supplies are made up by purchases from other territories where there is a production surplus or by imports from abroad. On the basis of programmes already drawn up, however,, it is hoped that in a few years time the Portuguese overseas territories vail probably have become butter exporters; these schemes, vahich provide for the rapid expansion of dairy production for industrial purposes, are based on the raising of highlyproductive dairy cattle. The State grants special technical and financial assistance for the purchase of such livestock, In addition, the State has granted financial assistance to the cooperative societies for the purchase and installation of factory units, particularly for converting milk into butter.. 5.2 - Cheese: Cheese production in the overseas territories is still very limited because of its highly specialized nature. The cheese requirements of the overseas territories are, therefore, covered by metropolitan production. The schemes now being operated with a view to expanding dairy production provide for part of the milk surplus te be used for making cheese. 6. Fish: The State helps the fish industry by providing technical and technological assistance to fishermen. The State has tried to mitigate the advtrsc effects of the critical situation caused by the difficulty of selling fish meal to foreign markets, by granting exemption from certain taxes to fishermen and persons engaged in the fish industry. It is hoped that this measure will be only temporary.
COM. Il/125/Add. 2 Page 18 7. Vegetable oils: The State does not grant any special assistance or subsidy to vegetable oil production. Nevertheless, in cases where quantitative restrictions are applied to exports of the raw material, the State takes steps to fix the price at -which it is purchased by the factories. (e) Quantitative restrictions The foreign trade of the overseas provinces is controlled by economic co-ordination agencies which issue the necessary licences for carrying out transactions in this sector. Generally speaking, control is exercised through the "foreign trade boards", one in each province. For certain products, however, or groups of products - e.g. cotton and cereals - control is exorcised by specialized bodies which are independent. The quantitative restrictions applied by the various overseas provinces to imports of each of the products under study are indicated below: Cereals Generally speaking, it may be said that there are no quantitative import restrictions on cereals with the exception of the following cases in Angola: 1. Mieat in the grain; 2. husked rice. In the case of wheat, a system of minimum purchase tenders is adopted, organized by the appropriate economic co-ordination agency; commercial deals are carried out by private firms. Sugar Quantitative restrictions are applied to sugar in all the overseas territories in accordance with the preference granted for national supplies to provinces with a production surplus. Milk Imports of fresh milk are free of restriction. Imports of powdered milk, condensed milk, evaporated milk, etc., are subject to quantitative restrictions in all the overseas territories. Butter and cheese Quantitative import restrictions are applied in all the provinces, preference being given to domestic production. Meat Imports of fresh meat are free of restriction in all the overseas provinces.
COM. Il/125/Add.2 Page 19 Quantitative import restrictions on chilled, frozen or preserved meat are applied in all the provinces. Fish Imports of fish, other than preserved fish, are free of restriction in all the overseas territories. Quantitative import restrictions are applied to all preserved fish, except sardines and tunny in oil or sauce. Vegetable oils Quantitative import restrictions are applied to vegetable oils in all the overseas provinces. 4. Statistics ANGOLA I. Cereals and flour (No statistics of production and consumption are available.) Maize Imports are of no economic significance. Exports : Imports: I960 130,721 30,064 167,821 149,184 117,106 Rice 38 30 123 229 92 Exports : I960 3,924 3,773 1,082 1,089 3,846
COM. n/125/add. 2 Page 20 Wheat The production statistics available relate only to the output declared to the Cereals Institute by some farmers. Production: 13,000 16,400 15,700 16,900 19,340 Imports: (grain) (flour) 2,360 12,436 1,464 15,437 2,683 18,032 4,088 17,573 10,352 12,607 MOZAMBIQUE Maize Imports : 4,533 29,148 21,840 10,860 Rice Exports: 4,296 3,642 1,545 576 Wheat Imports : (grain) (flour) 19,256 489 16,438 186 31,733 365 19,900 255 27,505 0 The sign "o" indicates either that there was no statistical record or that the amount recorded was negligible.
C0M.Il/l25/Add.2 Page 21 II. Sugar (No statistics of production and consumption are available.) ANGOLA. Exports: 31,789 40,696 33,998 29,872 37,374 MOZAMBIQUE Exports: 98,176 122,321 132,387 114,108 112,249 III. Dairy produce ANGOLA. (Some statistical data are available only for the production of milk products.) Production (tons) Dairy -reduce Butter 3c^ 121 499 33 61 Cheese 4 5 9 7 68 Imports (tons) Powdered milk, 821 1,196 1,165 1,497 1,497 condensed milk,etc. Butter 275 330 342 729 Cheese 315 374 424 445
COM.Il/125/Add.2 Page 22 «MOZAMBIQUE (No detailed data are available concerning production and consumption covering a sufficiently long period.) Imports (tons) Dairy produce 1955 Powdered milk, condensed milk, etc. 2 299 2.33? 2,456 3,057 2,940 Butter 418 393 406 465 417 Cheese 304 322 352 385 397 IV. Meat ANGOLA (Production statistics are available only in one case, the pork butchery industry. No consumption statistics are available.) Production of pork butchery: 1,420 1,725 1,599 1,861 2,063 Imports: (total) (pork) (preserved meat) 320 193 32 297 172 40 280 193 32 324 213 21 245 110 24 MOZAMBIQUE (No detailed statistics of production and consumption are available covering a sufficiently long period.) Imports: (total) (pork) 538 168 602 3 61C 2 636 187 585 196 (preserved meat) 31 2 2 34 37
COM.Il/125/Add.2 Page 23 V. Fish (No reliable statistics of production and consumption are available.) ANGOLA Exports (tons) Preserved fish 1,222 1,553 1,313 1,352 1,218 Dried fish, not specified 14,592 15,403 14,676 13,965 13,164 Imports (tons) -. - Fresh fish 168, 220 348 456 436 Preserved fish 326 541 458 393 370 Dried fish, not specified 1,289 1,490 1,701 1,845 1,878 VI. Vegetable oils and oil seeds (No reliable statistics of production and consumption are available.) ANCxOLA Palm oil Exports : I960 8,790 9,128 9,041 8,747 13,004 Palm-kernel oil Exports: _ (Oil) - - 805 799 (Oil seeds) 9,384 12,615 13,736 7,523 5,181
C0M.II/125/Add.2 Page 24 Groundnut oil Exports : I960 (oil) (groundnuts) 3,617 2,842 4,390 934 1,539 1,222 3,908 Imports : 109 319 96 Cottonseed oil Exports: (oil) (seeds) Exports: 108 690 886 8,868 12,642 2,975 3,087 Castor oil 987 4,031 (oil) (seeds) 1,495 715 1,019 23 1,751 1,376 13 6 883 o MOZAMBIQUE Groundnut oil Exports; (groundnut s) 40 74 4,313 1,069 610 (edible oil) 3,959 4,384 1,920 3,892 o (industrial oil) 200 145 879 340 o The sign "o" means cither that no statistical returns had yet been made or that the amount was negligible.
C0M.II/125/Adc-. # Page 25 Cottonseed oil Exports : Tear 196C (oil) (seeds] 3 21-198 19,314 26 6,316 o 4,909 Copra oil Exports : (oil) (seeds) 41,377 6,556 45,507 8,351 44,368 5,871 37,639 2,908 19 61 36,922 1,769 Sesamum seed oil Exports : (oil) (seeds] 246 50 701 4 609 1,833 224 790 Casi, ->r il Exports: I960 (oil) (seeds) 46 64 3,061 1,859 1,471 2,304 2,037 Mafura,~il 753 1,123 507 418 The sign "o" means either that no statistical returns had yet been made or that the amount was negligible.