投稿類別 : 英文寫作類 篇名 : 作者 : 翁綰嬭 國立台南高商 應用外語科三年甲班蔡昕芸 國立台南高商 應用外語科三年甲班 指導老師 : 蔡宜庭老師
Table of Contents I. Introduction 2 I.1. Background 2 I.2. Motivation 2 I.3. Research Questions 2 II. Literature Review 3 II.1. The Types of Tea 3 II.2. The Upsides and Downsides of Drinking Tea 3 III. Methods 4 III.1. Participants 4 III.2. Instruments 4 IV. Findings / Discussion 4 IV.1. The Frequency of Buying Tea 4 IV.2. The Preferable Kinds of Drinks 5 IV.3. The Habit of Having Ingredients Added in the Drinks 5 IV.4. The Size of Containers 6 IV.5. Concern Factors when Buying Drinks 6 IV.6. The Motivation for The Purchase 7 IV.7. The Expenditure of Buying Drinks Per Month 7 IV.8. Harm or Benefit to Body 8 IV.9. The Commercial Possibilities of Tea 9 V. Conclusion 9 VI. References 10 1
I. Introduction I.1. Background In this fast-paced society, modern people sometimes have a late dinner or the meals they have are irregular every day. Beside, they would prefer to dine out instead of preparing the food by themselves. This makes the frequency that they ingest too much greasy and artificial food increase. Accordingly, more and more manufacturers have the celebrities endorsed the idea that drinking tea can improve or stimulate our digestive system. However, we are wondering whether the endorsement of famous people really succeed in having an impact on people s habit of drinking tea and making them be willing to purchase sugar-free tea. It is crucial for people to realize that sugary drinks may do harm to our body badly, so it is suggested that we should cut down on the consumption of them and even get accustomed to non-sugar ones gradually. Besides, we want to know more about the health benefits that we can get by having tea and the bad effects that may influence our body. Last, what commercial possibilities tea brings will be discussed. I.2. Motivation On weekends, some people tend to enjoy lavish meals as a way of welcoming the relaxing moments of the week. On top of that, friends usually hang out together on holidays. The food they order mostly contains high calories and the amount of sugar in the drinks is considerable as well. As a result, the increasing chance of having an abundant of food and carbonated beverages may pose a great threat to our health. In regard to this phenomenon, on the one hand, we would like to understand whether drinking tea is beneficial to our body or it actually places the burden on our health. On the other hand, we want to go into the details about consumers tea preference. I.3. Research Questions Q1: What are the participants habits of buying tea? Q2: What advantages and disadvantages does drinking tea have? Q3: What commercial possibilities do tea bring? 2
II. Literature Review II.1. The Types of Tea According to different fermentation degrees of tea, the types of tea are divided into three parts non-fermented tea, partially fermented tea and completely fermented tea. The so-called tea leaves fermenting, broadly speaking, it refers to the oxidation of catechins ( 林, 98). (1) Non-fermented tea Non-fermented tea is green tea and white tea. They contain more substances than other kinds of tea, including Vitamin C, amino acid, tannin, and so on. After these substances are absorbed in human s body, they become good antioxidant and are beneficial to our health. (2) Partially fermented tea Partially fermented tea refers to oolong-related tea. Based on the differences of fermentation, the tea s fragrance and tastes vary from one kind to another. In addition, the place of tea s origin can influence its scent, too. (3) Completely fermented tea Completely fermented tea means that tea leaves original color turns into red after they ferment completely, which is known for black tea. The completely-fermented feature can remove some stimuluses. Generally, black tea is divided into two types Var. assamica and Var. sinensis ( 茗茶樂 ). II.2. The Upsides and Downsides of Drinking Tea So far, the residents in more than one hundred countries have developed the habit of drinking tea. The number of tea drinkers accounts for half population of the globe. That is to say, tea has become the most widespread drink in the world. Tea is a natural and healthy beverage for most people and there are quite a few benefits. If we drink tea in proper amount, it can quench thirst, reduce the sputum, refresh ourselves, and protect our eyesights. The reason why we say drink tea in proper amount is that it has taboos and disadvantages at the same time ( 健康猴,2016). A. Make people feel energetic, enhance people s thinking ability and improve people s memory B. Get rid of tiredness, promote our metabolism and maintain the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal and other normal function pros C. Restrain preventive diseases and help prevent and cure radiation injuries : Drinking tea can apparently inhibit the growth cancer cells. D. Stop our cells from aging and extend people s lifespan : The function of anti-aging in tea leaves is 18 times more than Vitamin E. E. Protect people s function of producing blood and keep the blood s PH value in balance : Tea leaves contain caffeine, theophylline, theobromine and xanthine, which makes tea a kind of great alkaline beverage. 3
F. Prevent heat stroke : Drinking hot tea after 9 minutes can decrease 1 to 2 Celsius degrees on the temperature of skin, which makes people feel cool and dry ( 每日頭條, 2016). A. Suffer from insomnia : Drinking tea in proper amount can help give ourselves a lift. However, if having too much or too frequently, it results in suffering from insomnia easily. B. Have a stomachache : The composition of tea can stimulate our stomach. If a person doesn t have a good digestive system, he is likely to have a stomachache. Sometimes, palpitations and throw-up may occur. cons C. Have an impact on absorbing iron : The composition of tea may affect absorbing the iron. It is suggested that pregnants, females in the period and the patients who suffer from anemia not drink tea. D. Lose our appetite : Tannic acid in the strong tea can curdle protein and Vitamin B1, which makes our body unable to absorb protein and decreases our appetite. E. Cause lithiasis : Oxalic acid in the tea leaves is able to combine with calcium to form the calcium oxalate which is hard to dissolve in the liquid. In the long run, it will result in lithiasis. F. Have an influence on pregnants : Caffeine is a stimulant and it can cause the chances of fetal movement to increase. Thus, it may do harm to babies growth development if pregnants drink strong tea ( 長興茶行 ). III. Methods III.1. Participants In our questionnaire survey, the number of the participants is 120 people living in Taiwan. It consists of 20 males and 100 females. Additionally, the respondents of all ages are included as well. III.2. Instruments We choose the questionnaire to get to know their habits of purchasing tea at the tea house. In this survey, we divide the questions into two sections. The first part is their personal information and their tea preference. From it, we can conclude their tendency to the sweetness and the temperature of drinks. The second part includes their thoughts about the tea and what factors they will take into consideration when they consume. In this part, we would like to understand the reasons that tempt them to buy the drinks. The most important thing is that we are also able to infer what kind of incentives can be make good use of to motivate people to opt healthier ones. 4
IV. Findings / Discussion RQ1. What are the participants habits of buying tea? IV.1. The Frequency of Buying Tea In Figure 1, about thirty one percent of participants sometimes buy tea at the tea shop. However, there is almost the same number of people who seldom purchase them. As a result, we can infer that participants frequency of purchasing tea at the tea shops is quite often. Much to our delight, there are still five percent of people reducing their times of spending money on drinks. It shows that they have been accustomed to this healthy living habit and won t be eagerly long for buying tea. Figure 1 The Frequency of Buying Tea IV.2. The Preferable Kinds of Drinks According to Figure 2, we can see almost half of people are fond of black tea and non-fermented green tea in the picture. It is obvious that these two types of tea gain a lot of popularity among the participants. Nevertheless, some people tend to choose non-pure drinks, such as milk tea or fruit tea. We can deduce that they might run a risk of consuming too much sugar. Apart from this, it could cause them to be addicted to sugary drinks or food. Figure 2 The Preferable Kinds of Drinks IV.3. The Habit of Having Ingredients Added in the Drinks According to Figure 3, about half of people aren t fond of having their drinks added other ingredients. They believe that some ingredients are processing food and 5
enjoy the tea that maintains its original and natural flavor. As a consequence, the average of people is quite healthy. Nevertheless, there are still fifty five people like pearls as their ingredients. No matter what they want to add in drinks, it is suggested that they buy that kinds of drinks as less as possible. Figure 3 The Habit of Having Ingredients Added in the Drinks IV.4. The Size of Containers As Figure 4 indicates, more than half of people choose the large size of beverages. A quarter of them choose the medium ones. The size of containers is one of underlying factors that might greatly influence the amount of sugar they consume. If they have their tea sweetened with large-size container, they would consume too much calories. It means that the bigger the plastic cups are, the more likely they ll absorb a lot of processing substances. Figure 4 The Size of Containers IV.5. Concern Factors when Buying Drinks There are about three-fourth people decide to buy the drinks by price, and 77 person just want to drink something, without any reason. Environment is an important reason for people, so more than half people care whether it cleans or not. Also, time for waiting and clerks attitude are what people care, and we realize that each reasons have one-third people to consider. Some stores catch customers eyes by holding variety of activities, so 35 person are attracted to buy drinks. Finally, cups material, which is one-sixth people notice. 6
Figure 5 Concern Factors when Buying Drinks IV.6. The Motivation for The Purchase According to this information, we can know that 90 person want to buy drinks in hot day, and two-third people said that their reasons to buy drinking teas is desire and thirsty. 14 person are attracted by the new products. Figure 6 The Motivation for The Purchase IV.7. The Expenditure of Buying Drinks Per Month About 50 person spend less than NT$100 on drinks, also, 50 person cost NT$100~250 on drinking tea. 11 person said that they spend NT$250~400 per month. Last, only 7 person willing to cost more than NT$400 to buy their drinks. From this information, we can understand that most people tend to pay less than NT$250 on drinking tea. 7
Figure 7 The Expenditure of Buying Drinks Per Month RQ2. What advantages and disadvantages does drinking tea have? IV.8. Harm or Benefit to Body In this pie chart, 78 person said that drinking teas is harmful to our bodies. They think drinking tea may cause the destroy of environment in the earth, for instance, exhaust gas pollution and discharge of sewage. Also, they express their opinions on the problem of hygiene like pesticide residue. Moreover, they even said that the caffeine in the tea will make people be addicted to drink it. Furthermore, people nowadays tend to drink tea instead water, and this drink may add some chemical additives like artificial flavorings, artificial condensed juice, and chemical saccharin. It is really harmful to our health. Next, 12 person feel it good to us. They said that tea can not only decompose grease but wake up our minds. It can make us not to drink too much coffee, and you can satisfy the desire of not to drink water. Last, there are one-fourth people take neutral views, they express drinks have both strengths and weaknesses. They said some tea shops sell good tea, while some shops provide bad tea. Also, they express the tea without sugar is healthier than tea added sugar. Tea has many advantages. It can make us full of energy,enhance our ability of memory and thinking, etc.. Although it benefits us much, it still has bad influences for our bodies. Just like what we refer to at first paragraph, tea is a good thing, but, if your drink to much, or drink the tea which isn t suitable for your body, it will hurt yourself. Also, it may cause you be constipated. Tea itself has these problem, not to mention the chemical additives which will be added in tea. Everyone likes tea, but do not drinking too much or add other unhealthy matter in it. 8
Figure 8 Harm or Benefit to Body RQ3. What commercial possibilities do tea bring? IV.9. The Commercial Possibilities of Tea According to an expert s words, the market scale of tea shops brings a roughly estimated NT$80 billion in a year for Taiwan s economy. That is, more than one billion drinks are sold out yearly ( 自由時報, 2015). Viewing from this, the amount of tea that tea growers would like to make profits from has increased day by day. Thanks to them and the changes of people s habit of drinking tea in modern society, a variety of commercial possibilities are generated. First, more and more drink sellers use their creativity to come up with some fresh ideas of developing new drinks. Just as the saying goes, invention is the mother of success. By inventing novel flavor of beverages, they can catch consumers eyes, and it would push up the sale volume by degrees. Second, different kinds and shapes of food made of tea are produced. Take, desserts, for example. Candy, cookies and cakes that are tea-made are popular at present. Matcha cookies and black tea cakes serve as fantastic snacks at the tea time and most people cannot resist the temptation to get a bite of them. With the variation of tea-made dishes and food, it stimulates the consumption considerably and brings in more profits. Last, the prosperous development of tea makes tea shops run one after another. Owing to this phenomenon, it propels these shops to highlight their features and brand positioning to increase competitiveness. Some ambitious entrepreneurs even go into international markets by making people all over the world familiar with their private brands. Expanding overseas business promotes the economy condition in our nation and lets the residents in the foreign countries understand our cultures of enjoying tea as well. V. Conclusion In this bustling world, more and more people aren t used to making tea on their own. Instead, they go out to buy them. No matter what their purpose of purchasing drinks, it certainly has a deep and positive impact on this society. In order to know more about the world of tea, we divide our research questions into three parts. According to the figures of participants habit of buying tea, they have indicated that customers frequency of purchasing is quite high. It seems that they make it a habit to buy tea. Most people prefer having ingredients added in their drinks. They 9
can range from pearl to grass jelly, which makes drinks sweeter. The size of containers they frequently choose is the large one. When buying, they would consider the price first. Earning a living is not easy and exhausting. As a consequence, the cost becomes a decisive thing that would limit their desire to buy drinks. When it comes to the participants opinion whether drinking tea is beneficial to their health, over half people think it harmful. They hold a negative attitude toward it because drinks contain sugar and chemical additives. As for the commercial possibilities that tea brings, it definitely plays a decisive role in the development of national economy. It not only impels tea houses to stand in great numbers but makes the tea-made food popular. Whatever we consume, we need to bear a principle in mind we shouldn t have it in an excessive amount. Therefore, I think that some tea shops adopting the idea of having a sugar-free day discount is a good tactic. It enables consumers to save their precious money as well as be adapted to non-sugar tea. In this way, people can reduce the chance of intaking too much sugar. VI. References [1] 林木連 (98) 台灣的茶葉 新北市 : 遠足文化 [2] 茗茶樂 茶的種類 2017 年 9 月 16 日, 取自 http://rthk9.rthk.hk/chiculture/tea/categories.htm [3] 每日頭條 2017 年 9 月 16 日, 取自 https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/culture/np5x3g.html [4] 健康猴 2017 年 9 月 16 日, 取自 http://www.jiankanghou.com/wenda/935.html [5] 壹讀 喝茶的好處和壞處 2017 年 9 月 16 日, 取自 https://read01.com/mkkg8g.html#.wb1i87ijgpp [6] 每日頭條 2017 年 9 月 16 日, 取自 https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/health/3r8k58.html [7] 長興茶行 2017 年 9 月 16 日, 取自 https://www.sumusen.com.tw/article.php?id=536 [8] 自由時報 2018 年 1 月 18 日, 取自 http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/focus/paper/874495 10