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DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD DUS 1628 First Edition 2015 Sesame Specification Reference number DUS 1628:2015 UNBS 2015

DUS 1628: 2015 Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application UNBS 2015 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written permission from UNBS. Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to The Executive Director Uganda National Bureau of Standards P.O. Box 6329 Kampala Uganda Tel: 256 414 505 995 Fax: 256 414 286 123 E-mail: info@unbs.go.ug Web: www.unbs.go.ug ii UNBS 2015 All rights reserved

DUS 1628:2015 Foreword Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Cooperatives established under Cap 327, of the Laws of Uganda, as amended. UNBS is mandated to coordinate the elaboration of standards and is (a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and (b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius Commission on Food Standards, and (c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT Agreement of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a given field or area and consists of representatives of consumers, traders, academicians, manufacturers, government and other stakeholders. Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council. This Draft Uganda Standard was developed by the UNBS/TC 2/SC 2 Edible oil seeds, fats and oils Sub Committee under the Food and Agriculture standards Technical Committee, UNBS/TC 2. Responsible Technical Committee UNBS 2015 All rights reserved iii

DUS 1628: 2015 INTRODUCTION Sesame seed as commonly known as simsim is one of the oldest oilseed crops known, domesticated well over 3000 years ago. Sesame has many species, most being wild and native to Sub-Saharan Africa. Sesame Indicum, the cultivated type, originated in India. Sesame is highly tolerant to drought like conditions, and grows where other crops may fail. Sesame has one of the highest oil contents of any seed. With a rich nutty flavor, it is a common ingredient in cuisines across the world. Like other nuts and foods, Sesame seeds are small. The size, form and colours vary with the thousands of varieties now known. Typically, the seeds are about 3 to 4 millimeters long by 2 millimeters wide and 1 millimeter thick. The seeds are ovate, slightly flattened and somewhat thinner at the eye of the seed (hilum) than at the opposite end. The weight of the seeds is between 20 and 40 milligrams. The seed coat (testa) may be smooth or ribbed. Sesame seeds come in many colours depending on the cultivar harvested. The most traded variety of sesame is off-white coloured. Other common colours are buff, tan, gold, brown, reddish, gray and black. The primary use of sesame is for cooking oil, In Asia the seed is also used as whole seed for decoration in the light foods, used in making of confectionaries, candies, oil for soap, margarine and in medicinal application in insecticides. iv UNBS 2015 All rights reserved

DRAFT UGANDA STANDARD DUS1628: 2015 Sesame Specification 1 Scope This Draft Uganda Standard specifies the requirements and methods of sampling and test for Sesame (Sesamun indicum.l.) for human consumption. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 660, Animal and vegetable fats and oils Determination of acid value and acidity US ISO 605, Pulses Determination of impurities, size, foreign odour, insects, and species and variety Test methods US EAS 38:2013, Labelling of pre-packaged foods General requirements EAS 39, Code of Practice for hygiene in the food and drink manufacturing industry US ISO 13690, Cereals, pulses and milled products Sampling of static batches US 246, Specification for woven bags made from natural fibres for cereals and pulses US ISO 5983-1, Animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of nitrogen content and calculation of crude protein content -- Part 1: Kjeldahl methodus 738, General standard for contaminants and toxins in food and feed US ISO 13690, Cereals, pulses and milled products Sampling of static batches US ISO 21527-2, Microbiology of food and animal feedstuffs Horizontal method for the enumeration of yeasts and moulds Part 2: Colony count technique in products with water activity less than or equal to 0.95 US ISO 7251, Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of presumptive Escherichia coli Most probable number technique US ISO 2171, Cereals, pulses and by-products Determination of ash yield by incineration US ISO 5985, animal feeding stuff determination of ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid ISO 659,, Oil seeds determination of oil content (reference method) US ISO 6869, Animal feeding stuffs -- Determination of the contents of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium and zinc -- Method using atomic absorption spectrometry UNBS 2015 All rights reserved 1

3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions shall apply ; 3.1 Sesame the edible seeds of the sesame plant, which are used whole or have the oil extracted. 3.2 Filth impurities of animal origin, including dead insects 3.3 extraneous matter inorganic materials other than the sesame grains, other grains and filth 3.4 foreign matter any extraneous matter other than sesame grains comprising of a) inorganic matter which includes metallic pieces, dust, sand, gravel, stones, dirt, pebbles, lumps or earth, clay, mud and animal filth, etc; and b) organic matter consisting of husks, straws, weeds and other inedible grains etc 3.5 food grade materials any material which when it comes in contact with food or is the area near food is unlikely to contaminate food with harmful materials. 3.6 Damaged grains broken seed of sesame mainly due to processing 3.7 shrivelled/immature grains which are underdeveloped, thin and papery in appearance 4 Quality requirements 4.1 General requirements Sesame shall a) be free of off flavours and odours, b) have a nutty flavour c) clean d) wholesome. e) have a colour characteristic of the variety 4.2 Specific requirements Sesame shall comply with the specific requirements specified in Table 1. 2 UNBS 2015 All rights reserved

DUS 1628: 2015 Table 1 Specific requirements for Sesame S/N Characteristic Level Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Method of test I Crude Protein on dry matter basis, % m/m, min. -15 15-15 US ISO 5985 III Moisture content, %m/m, max 7.0 7.0 7.0 ISO IV Acid insoluble ash, %m/m,, max 2.0 2.0 2.0 US ISO 5985 V Filth, %m/m, max 0.1 0.1 0.1 US ISO 605 VI extraneous matter, % m/m, max 0.1 0.2 0.2 US ISO 605 vii Foreign matter, %m/m,max 0.1 2.00 2.00 US ISO 605 viii Damaged grain, % m/m,max 1.0 2.00 3.0 US ISO 605 viii Acid value of extracted oil, max 2 4 6 ISO 660 ix x Oil content(on moisture free basis\0, percent by weight, min Shrivelled and immature, percent by weight, max 52 48 45 ISO 659 2.00 4.00 6.00 5 Contaminants 5.1 Pesticide residues Sesame shall conform to those maximum residue limits for pesticides established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity. 5.2 Aflatoxin The maximum content of aflatoxins in sesamewhen determined in accordance with the method described in US ISO 16050 shall not exceed 5 μg/kg (ppb) for aflatoxin B1 and 15 μg/kg for total aflatoxins 5.2 Heavy metals Sesame shall conform to those maximum residue limits for heavy metals established in US 738 listed in table 2 below; Table 2: Heavy metal contaminants in sesame S/n Heavy metal Limits, mg/kg, max Method of test 1 Cadmium 0.1 ISO 6869 2 Lead 0.2 3 Arsenic(check) 0.1 6 Hygiene 6.1 Sesame shall be produced, prepared and handled in accordance with US EAS 39. UNBS 2015 All rights reserved 3

6.2 Sesame shall be free from microorganisms in amounts which may represent a hazard to health and shall not exceed the limits stipulated in Table 3. Table 3 Microbiological limits in sesame S/No Type of micro-organism Limits Test method i) Yeasts and moulds, per g, max. 10 4 US ISO 21527-2, ii) E. coli, per g, max absent US ISO 7251 iii) salmonella absent US ISO 6579 7 Weights and measures Sesame shall be packaged in accordance with the Weights and Measures requirements of the destination country. It is recommendedby ILO to package in the 50kg bag or container. 8 Packaging Sesame shall be packaged in food grade materials that will safeguard the hygienic, nutritional and organoleptic qualities of the product. 9 Labelling In addition to the requirements ofus EAS 38, the following labeling requirements shall apply and shall be legibly and indelibly marked: a) product name as,'sesame '; b) net weight in; c) name and physical address of the produce, packer importer/ distributor; d) country of origin; e) lot/batch/code number statement Food for Human Consumption shall appear on the package; f) storage instructions as Store in a cool dry place away from contaminants : i) instructions on disposal of used package; ii) crop year; and iii) packing date. iv) Best before date 9 Methods of sampling Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with US ISO 24333 4 UNBS 2015 All rights reserved

DUS1628: 2015 Certification marking Products that conform to Uganda standards may be marked with Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) Certification Mark shown in the figure below. The use of the UNBS Certification Mark is governed by the Standards Act, and the Regulations made thereunder. This mark can be used only by those licensed under the certification mark scheme operated by the Uganda National Bureau of Standards and in conjunction with the relevant Uganda Standard. The presence of this mark on a product or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods comply with the requirements of that standard under a system of supervision, control and testing in accordance with the certification mark scheme of the Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS marked products are continually checked by UNBS for conformity to that standard. Further particulars of the terms and conditions of licensing may be obtained from the Director, Uganda National Bureau of Standards. UNBS 2015 All rights reserved 7