Eidgenössisches Departement für Wirtschaft, Bildung und Forschung WBF Agroscope Drosophila suzukii: Local infestation patterns and monitoring around Wädenswil Stefan Kuske COST FA 1104, WG 3 Meeting, Wädenswil 26.3.2013
Content Local history of D. suzukii appearance in Wädenswil Setup of a local monitoring 2012 Occurrence and distribution Additional findings Open questions Adaptations for 2013 CH 2011 Wädenswil first observations 2
Swiss D. suzukii monitoring 2012 Wädenswil First records ZH: Week 29 + 31: 1 each (in raspberries) Source: C.A.Baroffio et al. 3
Schweiz 2012 Wädenswil Damage on blackberries Source: C.A.Baroffio et al. 4
Local monitoring Monitoring Extended monitoring and experiments with baits Mass trapping Official monitoring trap 2012 Apple vinegar + water [1:1] 0,5 L PET Various compositions Commercial Gasser trap Vinegar, red wine, sugars, ethyl acetate, etc. 5
Crops considered Alternative hosts Main season Early season End season Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov 6
Situation Wädenswil 2012 Au, Horgen May to mid July: NO CAPTURES Official monitoring traps (in cherries) 7
Situation Wädenswil 2012 Mid to end of July: 2 males First captures (in blackberries) 8
Situation Wädenswil 2012 August: > 500 flies (mass trapping installed) Increasing captures (in raspberries & blackberries) 9
Situation Wädenswil 2012 SEP + OCT: CAPTURES in all monitoring and additional traps ACW Captures in: Raspberries, blackberries, elderberries, prunes, compost, grapes, etc. 10
Situation Wädenswil 2012 NOVEMBER: Decreasing CAPTURES ACW Captures in: Raspberry, blackberry, wild berries, elder, prune, compost, grape, etc. 11
Situation Wädenswil 2012 DECEMBER: Very few CAPTURES 12
Seasonal captures in Wädenswil Results Alternative hosts Main season Captures Early season End season Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov 13
Additional findings Wädenswil 2012 D. suzukii captures in different crops (flies/trap/week) Elder berries Prunes Wild berries, grapes Raspberries ZHAW Raspberries (on farm) Grapes 14
Additional findings Wädenswil 2012 D. suzukii captures+ sex ratio in different crops 200 Männchen Females 150 Weibchen Males Mittel pro Falle 2012 100 50 0 Himbeeren Holunder Trauben Zwetschgen Raspberries Elder berries Grapes Prunes 15
Additional findings Wädenswil 2012 D. suzukii sex ratio in different crops 100% 75% 50% Weibchen Females Männchen Males 25% 0% Raspberries Elder berries Grapes Prunes Himbeeren Holunder Trauben Zwetschgen 16
Summary No captures in early summer (sweet cherries) First captures in rasp- & blackberries Dispersal into stone fruits, berries, grapes and wild hosts Damage only in blackberries Post harvest appearance in prunes and cherries No accumulation in vineyards at late season 17
Some open questions Where did flies come from in early season? Preferred habitats/crops? Preconditions for damage? Relationship between captures and infestation? Post-harvest dynamics? Colonisation of overwintering sites? Seasonal response to attractants/baits? 18
Adaptations for 2013 Additional habitats All-season monitoring Including yeast baits 19
9 7 8 Aims: Additional habitats 11 5 More information about overwintering 3 sites, 6 local occurrence, seasonal distribution and preferred crops/habitats 12 10 2 1 4 Monitoring traps 2013 1. Compost 2. Sweet cherries 3. Raspberries 4. Elder 5. Edge of forest new! 6. Forest new! 7. Apple new! 8. Blackberry 9. Plum, prune 10. Grapes 11. Prune 12. Wild shrubs (park) new! 20
Adaptations for 2013 Additional habitats All-season monitoring Including yeast baits 21
All-season monitoring Actual situation in Wädenswil (24 monitoring traps in different habitats) Date males females 07.01.2013 31 56 21.01.2013 0 0 04.02.2013 0 2 19.02.2013 0 0 04.03.2013 0 0 18.03.2013 0 0 25.03.2013 0 0 Trap examination: NOV-MAR: 2x per month APR-OCT: weekly 22
Adaptations for 2013 Additional habitats All-season monitoring Including yeast baits 23
Yeast experiment 2012 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 Essig Apfelsaft + Essig S. cerivisae + Apfelsaft + Essig Durchschnitt Fliegen / Falle H. uvarum + Apfelsaft + Essig Ethanol + S. cerivisiae + Apfelsaft + Essig Ethanol + H. uvarum + Apfelsaft + Essig Gasser-Mix 24
Yeast experiment 2012 25 Results (flies/trap/week) 20 15 10 5 New batch of yeast bait M Monitoring MA Monitoring + apple cidre HUT H. uvarum Mix CVT S. cervisiae Mix G Gasser-Mix HUT PLUS H. uvarum + Ethanol CVT PLUS S. cervisiae + Ethanol 0 25
Local monitoring 2013 Monitoring traps 2013 1. Compost 2. Sweet cherries 3. Raspberries 4. Elder 5. Edge of forest new! 6. Forest new! 7. Apple new! 8. Blackberry 9. Plum, prune 10. Grapes 11. Prune 12. Wild shrubs (park) new! Commercial mix (BagInBox) Intended additional trap series (optional): Yeasts (S. cerevisiae, H. uvarum) 26
Thank you! 27