First Permanent English Settlement Name:
Section 1 Section 2 STUDY GUIDE SECTION: Why did the English want to establish a colony in America? What did the English think they would find in America? What are raw materials? What did England hope to do with America s raw materials? What is an economic venture? What was the Virginia Company of London? Who gave the charters (written constitution) to the Virginia Company of London? What did the charters do? Why was Jamestown founded? How was Jamestown financed? For wealth and power Silver and gold Unprocessed natural products used in manufacture An American settlement would furnish raw materials that could not be grown or obtained in England, while opening new market for trade Something that is done to make money The stockholders who financed Jamestown The King of England 1. Gave the Virginia Company of London the right to establish a settlement in North America, 2. Established companies to begin colonies in the New World, and 3. Extended English rights to the colonists As an economic venture By the stockholders of the Virginia Company of London What was the first permanent English settlement in North America? When was Jamestown founded? 1607 Where was Jamestown located when it was first established? Where is Jamestown located today? Jamestown On a narrow peninsula surrounded on three sides by the James River On an island in the James River
Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Why did the colonists decide on the location of Jamestown to settle? 1. Easily defended from attacks by sea, 2. Deep enough for ships to dock, and 3. They believed they had a good supply of fresh water When was the first Virginia Assembly? 1619 During this time, who was considered a citizen? Who made up the Virginia Assembly? Adult men It included 2 citizen representatives (called burgesses) from each of the divisions of Virginia, the governor s council, and the governor When did the Burgesses become a separate legislative body? Who was the first elected legislative body in America? Why was the Virginia House of Burgesses important? What is the House of Burgesses known as today? When did women arrive in Jamestown? 1620 Why was the women s arrival so important? What was different about the Africans that arrived to the colony? What did the arrival of the Africans make it possible to do? What were some hardships that the colonists faced? 1640s The Virginia House of Burgesses It gave the settlers the opportunity to control their own government The General Assembly of Virginia It allowed settlers to start families and make a more permanent settlement They arrived against their will it is believed they arrived as baptized Christians and therefore were labeled indentured servants for a period of 5 7 years Expand the tobacco economy 1. The site they chose to live on was marshy and lacked safe drinking water, 2. The settlers lacked some skills necessary to provide for themselves, and 3. Many settlers died of starvation and disease
Section 5 Who initiated trading relations with the Powhatans? Who did the early settlers trade with? What did the Powhatans trade with the English? What did the English trade with the Powhatans? How did the Powhatans contribute to the survival of the colony? Who was Pocahontas? What changed the Powhatans view of the English? How did the Powhatans feel about the English? John Smith The Powhatans Food, furs, and leather Tools, pots, guns, and other goods Pocahontas became friends with the English and believed they could live in harmony They introduced new crops to the English, including corn and tobacco The daughter of Chief Powhatan They realized the English settlement would continue to grow The Powhatans saw the colonists as invaders that would take over their land END OF STUDY GUIDE SECTION
THE VIRGINIA COMPANY OF LONDON In the early 1600s, some wealthy people formed a company to start a new colony. It was called the Virginia Company of London. The company raised money because some men wanted to invest in starting a new colony. The new colony was located in the New World. The Virginia Company of London was a group of stockholders who wanted to make money from this economic venture. An economic venture is: The colony their money started was called Jamestown and it became the first permanent English settlement in North America. What year was Jamestown settled? In order to have this venture be successful, the Virginia Company of London had to get people to go to the New World to start the colony. In-Class Activity: Part 1: soak 1 teabag in warm water until it is fully wet. Gently rub the teabag over your white construction paper being sure to get all the area. Part 2: Tear off small areas of the paper to give it an aged look. (Ask your teacher for help). Part 3: Design an advertisement for the Virginia Company of London. Remember, you are trying to persuade people to come to the new land. Make your poster colorful and exciting!!! Neatness counts.
RAW MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURED GOODS Some European countries, including England, were in competition to increase their wealth and power by expanding their empire to America. What were they hoping to find? Raw materials and manufactured goods are both important to our economy, as well as economies in other countries. Create a list of 5 raw materials, and 5 manufactured goods we cannot live without. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. RAW MATERIALS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. MANUFACTURED GOODS Explain: Why did you decide we couldn t live without those particular things?
THE INFLUENCE OF GEOGRAPHY In the spring of 1607, the first 104 settlers arrived in Virginia to start a settlement. They had some big choices to make when they landed. The first was to decide where they were going to put their settlement. Dense forests that went to the rivers edge covered the land. They chose a narrow peninsula that was bordered on three sides by a river, later named the James River. They felt this was a good location for it could easily be defended from attack by the sea from one of their enemies the Spanish. The water along the shore was deep enough to dock ships and they believed they had a good supply of fresh water for drinking and cooking. Once the decision of where to put the settlement was made, they named it Jamestown in honor of the King of England, King James the First. Fill in the chart with the necessary information from the reading: 1. 2. 3. Three Reasons for the Site Choice of Jamestown Of the three reasons you listed in the chart, which one proved to be a mistake? How did this affect the colony?
In-Class Activity: The Colony of Hirmerville Using the following directions, create the new colony of Hirmerville. Design a flag Write a history of your colony. o When was it founded? o Why was it founded? o Who founded it? o Any battles or wars? Draw a map of your colony (in color). Describe the type of government your colony has. Does your colony have any enemies? Describe the weather of your colony. Are there any famous people who have moved to your colony? What animals are found in your colony? What products or industries are there? Are there any natural wonders? What does your colony use for money? What language does your colony speak? Are there any other interesting facts you want to tell?
A NEW BEGINNING After cold winters, lack of safe drinking water, and starvation, changes had to be made if the colony was going to survive. First, two supply ships arrived which brought food and supplies to the remaining settlers. Second, John Smith took control of the colony and made the colonists plant crops and build better houses. Several other changes took place as well. By 1620, Jamestown had become more diverse. Africans had arrived against their will. They were known as indentured servants. They would work for food and a place to sleep for seven years before freedom. In 1620, a ship carrying women came over to the New World. The company was hoping they would marry and start families in order to help the colony grow. In-Class Activity: Write a diary entry from the point of view of either: A first colonist An indentured servant A woman newly arriving to Jamestown Be sure to think about how they are feeling during these times. Remember, it is in the 17 th Century and many changes have happened.
VIRGINIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY When you hear the word assembly, what does it mean to you? What clues does it offer you? What types of things are ASSEMBLED? (List at least 3) 1. 2. 3. VA General Assembly Who attended the General Assembly meetings? Fill in the bubbles in the graphic (right). Could ANYONE attend? Why or why not? What were the requirements?
INTERACTIONS and IMPORTANT PEOPLE Indians Powhatan: chief of tribe Colonists Captain John Smith: leader of Jamestown; initiated trade relations with Indians Pocahontas: daughter of chief; believed all could live in harmony Powhatan Indians: member of Algonquin Colonists: people living in Jamestown Complete the following statements based on the information from the packet and the textbook: Powhatans traded Colonists traded Powhatans introduced Powhatans saw the colonists as In-Class Activity: Create a timeline of events from time of the Virginia Company of London s advertisements to the point of fear from the Powhatans. Include at least 10 events.
MAKING CHANGES The Virginia Company of London began to make some changes. Colonists were given more land in exchange for hard work. They also allowed the election of burgesses in 1619. Each elected burgess represented a group of colonists and would serve their communities. Although there was very little power, each burgess was part of a larger group. This group would make laws. By the 1640s, the burgesses had become a separate group known as the House of Burgesses. Later on, this group would go on to be called the General Assembly. This group creates laws. Why was it important for the Virginia Company of London to give more freedom to the colonists? What major change in government did the burgesses represent?