AQA GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY 2017 Compiled by Sue Whittaker GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUCTIONS Use all 3 time frames past, present, future 过 (after the verb) guò 了 le Include time phrases both time when and time how long/frequency Remember TIME, MANNER, PLACE To express having had the experience of doing something 了 used after a verb to indicate a completed action/change of state; at the end of a phrase to show exclamation Time when in front of the verb Time how long/frequency after the verb Use adjectives in simple form and with 的 de Use 的 to create subordinated clauses (the equivalent of that or which clauses) Use adverbs & intensifiers 很 hěn 比较 bǐjiào 非常 fēichǎng 最 zuì Include opinions using 认为, 觉得 rènwéi, juéde 可是 kěshì very quite extremely most To feel, think 但是 dànshì 不过 bùguò 却 què All of these can be put in front of a phrase to indicate, however but 然而 rán'ér 而且 érqiě 此外 cǐ wài 并且 bìng qiě 或者 In front of a phrase to indicate in addition huò zhě or (used in a statement) 1
还是 因此 因为 or 由于 所以 yīnwéi / yóu yú..suǒyǐ 所以 can be replaced with 因此 yīn cǐ, 因而 yīn ér, 于是 yú shì hái shi or (used in a question) yīn cǐ because of this Because therefore. (in front of each phrase) 虽然 但是 suīrán..dànshì 虽然 can be replaced with 尽管 jǐn guǎn or 固然 gù rán 但是 can be replaced with 不过 bùguò, 却 què, 可是 kěshì or 然而 rán'ér Although..but (in front of each phrase, but not needed in English but required in Chinese;) 除了 以外, 也 / 还 chúle.yǐwài, yě/hài 如果 / 要是 就 rúguǒ/yàoshì jiù 不但 而且 búdàn. érqiě... 不仅 而且 bù jǐn érqiě... 不只 而且 bù zhǐ. érqiě... ( 而且 can be replaced with 并且 bìng qiě, 还 or 也 ) 先 然后 xiān rán hòu 先 再 xiān...zài Apart from, also As well as, also ( also goes in front of the verb) If, then (in front of relevant phrases) Not only..but also. Two uses: One subject She is not only intelligent but also kind. 她不但聪明而且亲切 NB subject IN FRONT OF 不但 Two subjects Not only is mum intelligent, little sister is too. 不但妈妈很聪明而且妹妹也聪明 NB Subject 1 AFTER 不但, subject 2 AFTER 而且 First (verb 1), after (verb 2) First (verb 1), then (verb 2) 2
先 又 xiān. yòu First (verb 1), then (verb 2) 的时候, de shíhou, 有的时候 yǒu de shíhou 有的时候 有的时候 yǒu de shíhou yǒu de shíhou When.. (in Chinese, non question form when goes at the end of the relevant phrase) Sometimes. (goes at start of relevant phrase) Sometimes..sometimes.. A 比 B (adjective) A bǐ B (adjective) A 比 B (adjective) 得多 / 多了 A bǐ B (adjective) de duō/ duōle A 比 B 更 (adjective) A bǐ B gēng (adjective) A 比 B (adjective) 一点儿 A bǐ B yī diǎn'r A 跟 B 一样 A gěn B yíyàng A 跟 B 一样 (adjective) A gěn B yíyàng (adjective) A 没有 B (adjective) A méi yǒu B (adjective) 又 (adjective) 又 (adjective) yòu (adjective) yòu (adjective) 一边 一边 yìbiān.yíbiān A compared to B (adjective) Eg A is bigger than B A compared to B is much (adjective) Eg A is much bigger than B A compared to B is even (adjective) Eg. A is even bigger than B A compared to B is a little (adjective) Eg A is a little bigger than B A with B is the same Ie A is the same as B A is the same (adjective) as B Eg A is as big as B A is not as (adjective) as B Descriptive phrase Both (adjective) and (adjective) In front of verbs to mean to do one thing at the same time as another 对 ( 不 ) 感兴趣 duì.(bù) gǎn xìngqù To express interest in something.. Literally: To/in (don t) have interest 3
对 ( 没 ) 有兴趣 duì.(méi) yǒuxìngqù 越 越 yuè..yuè 越来越 yuèláiyuè Verb 得 adverb/description of verb de Used before verbs/adjectives to indicate the more something happens, the more something else happens More and more, increasingly (used in front of a verb/adjective) Constructs a phrase describing how an action is done, creates adverbial phrase. 什么都有 shénme dōu yǒu Verb + 完 / 好了 Verb + wǎn/hǎo le 从 place 来 cóng.lái 有点儿 yǒu diǎn'r 一点儿都不 / 没 yī diǎn'r dōu bù/méi 得不得了 débùdéliao 是 的 shì. de 一 就 yī.jiù 多 dūo Whatever it is, we have it/they have it Add wǎn/hǎo le to a verb to indicate something is completed properly Literally from a place come ie to come from a place eg 他从中国来 somewhat; rather; a little eg I am a little tired 我有点儿累 not at all used in front of an adjective/verb eg 一点儿都没有 literally even a little bit, there isn t ie we don t have any at all. Eg 一点儿都不喜欢 - literally a little bit, don t like ie I don t like it at all p167 Expresses extremely. Put it after the adjective/adverb emphasises the past action, time, place, etc 我是八点来的 I arrived at 8 o clock as soon as.then (each part in front of the verb) 他一放学就回家 to show an approximate number ( 多 replaces the last number) 我的学校有一千两百多个学生 4
从来 + 都 +negative cónglái +doū + negative 第一 第二 第三 Used in front of the negative verb to indicate never. 我从来都没学汉语 dì yī firstly dì èr secondly dì sān thirdly 5
CORE VOCABULARY LIST GENERAL VOCABULARY MEASURE WORDS 几个 jǐ ge Several 个 ge the most common measure word 口 kǒu m/w for numer of people in a family 条 tiáo m/w for long things (eg a road), fish and selected other uses 只 zhī measure word for animal 本 běn measure word for books 张 zhāng measure word for table, picture, map etc (flat things) 件 jiàn measure word for clothes 碗 wǎn a bowl of 杯 bēi a cup of 瓶 píng A bottle of 双 shuāng pair of things VERBS 是 shì to be 有 yǒu to have 做 zuò to do, to be/become (occupation) 吃 chī to eat 喝 hē to drink 叫 jiào to call,to be named 学习 xuéxí to learn,to study 6
说 shuō to say,speak, talk 想 xiǎng to want, would like, to think 要 yào to want, be going to, must 喜欢 xǐhuan to like 爱 ài to love 会 huì to know how to, can 觉得 juéde to think, to feel 问 wèn to ask 知道 zhīdao to know 懂 dǒng to understand 听 tīng to listen/hear 写 xiě to write 画 huà to paint 看 kàn to see, read, watch, look at 见 / 见面 jiàn/jiànmiàn to meet 住 zhù to live 请 qǐng to ask 让 ráng to allow 进 jìn to enter 出 chū to go out 坐 zuò to sit 唱 chàng to sing 跳 tiào to jump 玩 wán to play 睡觉 shuìjiào to go to bed, to sleep 开 ( 灯 / 电 视 / 门 ) kāi (dēng/diànshì/ mén) to switch on, turn on, open 7
关 ( 灯 / 电 视 / 门 ) guān (dēng/diànshì/ mén) to close, to switch off 告诉 gàosu to tell 来 lái to come 去 qù to go 回 huí to return 到 dào to arrive, to get to 对 有 兴趣 认识 duì...yǒuxìngqù rènshi 应该 yìnggāi should 希望 xīwàng to hope 祝 zhù to wish 试 shì to try 帮助 bāngzhù to help 买 mǎi to buy 卖 mài to sell to be interested in to know, recognise (of a person) 打 dǎ to play (ball game) make (phonecall), to beat 踢 tī to play (football), kick 穿 chuān to wear, to put on (clothes) 戴 dài To wear, to put on (accessories) 用 yòng to use 换 huàn to change 开始 kāishǐ to begin 开车 kāi chē to drive 停 tíng to stop 等 děng to wait for 8
放 fàng to put, to set free 给 gěi to give 送 sòng to give (present), to say goodbye to someone 发 ( 电子 邮件 ) fā (diànzi yóujiàn) to send( an email) 寄 ( 信 ) jì (xīn) to send (a letter) 记得 jìde to remember 忘 wàng to forget 笑 xiào to laugh, smile 洗 xǐ to wash 生气 shēngqì to get angry 安静 ānjìng to be quiet 好象 hǎoxiàng to seem 找 zhǎo to find, to look for 花 huā to spend (time/money) flower 参观 cānguān to visit (place) 懂 dǒng to understand 明白 míng bai to understand 参加 cān jiā to take part in ADJECTIVES 好 hǎo good 坏 huài bad 最 zuì most 大 dà big 小 xiǎo small 难 nán hard, difficult 9
容易 róngyì easy 努力 nǔlì hardworking 冷 lěng cold 热 rè hot 对 duì correct, right 错 cuò wrong 好玩 hǎowán interesting, amusing 好吃 hǎochī delicious 快 kuài fast, quick 慢 màn slow 忙 máng busy 累 lèi tired 饿 è hungry 渴 kě thirsty 新 xīn new 老 / 旧 lǎo/jiù old 漂亮 piào liang pretty 难看有意思没意思干净 nán kàn ugly yǒu yì si interesting méi yì si boring gān jìng clean 脏 zàng dirty 贵便宜强弱 guì expensive piàn yí cheap qiàng strong ruò weak 远 yuǎn far 10
近 jìn near 高 gāo high, tall 矮 ǎi short (of height) 长 cháng long 短 duǎn short (of hair) 多 duō many 少 shǎo few 窄 zhǎi narrow 瘦 shòu thin COMPARISONS 一样 yīyàng same 跟 / 和 一样 gēn /hé.. yī yàng 跟 / 和 不一样 gēn /hé.. bù yī yàng The same as. Not the same as 没有.. 那么好 méi yǒu nà me hǎo Not as good as. 比 bǐ Compared to 比较好 bǐ jiào hǎo Quite good 最好 zuì hǎo The best 最坏 / 最差 zuì huài / zuì chā The worst 更好 gēng hǎo Even better MONEY 现金 xiàn jīn cash 元 yuán Chinese currency yuan (written form) 块 kuài Kuai (spoken for yuan) 角 jiáo 10 jiao per yuan (written) 毛 máo Mao (spoken for jiao) 零用钱 líng yòng qián Pocket money 11
换钱 huàn qián To change money ASKING QUESTIONS 什么 shén me what? 什么时候 shén me shí hou When? 为什么 wèi shén me Why? 怎么样 zěn me yàng How is it? What is is like? 什么样 shén me yàng What type? 哪 nǎ Which? 谁 shéi Who? 哪儿 nǎ er Where? 多长 duō cháng How long? (length) 多久 / 多长时间 几岁 多大 duō jiǔ /duō cháng shí jiān jǐ suì duō dà How long? (time) How old? (children) How old? (adults) 几点 jǐ diǎn What time? 多少 / 几 duō shǎo / jī How many / how much 怎么 zěn me How? 从哪儿 cóng nǎ er From where? 去哪儿 qù nǎ er Where to? 和 / 跟谁.. 一起 hé /gēn shéi yī qǐ With whom? 星期几 xīng qī jǐ What day of the week? 几月几日 jī yuè jī rì What month and what day? 哪年 nǎ nián What /which year? 12
GREETINGS AND EXCLAMATIONS 你好 nǐ hǎo hello 大家好 dàjiā hǎo hello, everyone 晚上好 wǎnshàng hǎo good evening 早上好 zǎo shang hǎo Good morning 你好吗? nǐ hǎo ma How are you? 你属什么? nǐ shǔ shén me What year were you born in? (Chinese zodiac) 你贵姓? nǐ guì xìng What is your surname? 你叫什么? nǐ jiào shén me What are you called? 晚安 wǎn ān good night 再见 zàijiàn goodbye 明天见 míngtiān jiàn see you tomorrow 请问 qǐng wèn excuse me 谢谢 xièxie thank you 对不起 duìbúqǐ sorry 没关系 méi guānxì it doesn t matter 新年快乐 xīn nián kuài lè Happy New Year 欢迎 huān yíng welcome 祝好 zhù hǎo congratulations 干杯 gān bēi cheers 太好了 tài hǎo le That s great 真糟糕 zhēn zāo gāo That's awful OPINIONS 喜欢 xǐ huan to like 觉得 / 认为 jué de / rèn wéi to think,to feel 想 xiǎng to want, to think 同意 tóng yì to agree 13
反对 fǎn duì to be opposed to 比较喜欢 bǐ jiào xǐ huān to prefer 对.. 有兴趣 duì.yǒu xìng qù to be interested in 对 感兴趣 duì.gǎn xìng qù to be interested in 相信 xiāng xìn to believe 恨 hèn to hate 希望 xī wàng to wish 讨厌 tǎo yàn to dislike 舒服 shū fu comfortable 非常好 fēi cháng hǎo excellent 一定 yī dìng Certainly, definitely 胡说 hú shuō Nonsense, rubbish 有用 yǒu yòng useful 没有用 méi yǒu yòng useless 安全 ān quán safe 重要 zhòng yào important EXPRESSIONS OF TIME 年 nián year 月 yuè month 号 / 日 háo rì day 今天 jīntiān today 明天 míngtiān tomorrow 昨天 zuótiān yesterday 前天 qián tiān day before yesterday 后天 hòu tiān day after tomorrow 每天, 天天 měitiān, tiāntiān every day 每个月 měi gè yuè every month 14
每年 měi nián every year 早 zǎo early 晚 wǎn late 早上, 上午 zǎoshàng shàngwǔ morning 中午 zhōngwǔ midday 下午 xiàwǔ afternoon 晚上 wǎnshàng evening 现在 xiànzài now 星期 xīngqī week 周末 zhōumò weekend 上星期 shàngxīngqī last week 下星期 xiàxīngqī next week 常常 / 经常 cháng cháng / jīng cháng often 快 kuài quick 最近 zuì jìn recently 到底 dào dǐ finally 马上 mǎ shàng immediately 总是 zǒng shì always 现在 xiàn zài now 有时候 yǒu shí hou sometimes 已经 yǐ jīng already 很少 hěn shǎo rarely 今年 jīnnián this year 很久 hénjiǔ (for a) long time 明年 míngnián next year 去年 qùnián last year 月 yuè month 号 / 日 hào/rì date 15
将来 jiānglái future, in the future 季节 jì jié season 春天 chūn tiān spring 夏天 xià tiān summer 秋天 qiū tiān autumn 冬天 dōng tiān Winter THE CLOCK 点 diǎn o clock 小时 / 钟头 xiǎoshí/ zhōngtóu hour 分, 分钟 fēn, fēnzhōng minute 半 bàn half 刻 kè quarter 慢 màn slow 快 kuài fast 晚 wǎn late 早 zǎo early 几点了 jǐ diǎn le What time is it? NUMBERS 一 yī 1 二 èr 2 三 sān 3 四 sì 4 五 wǔ 5 六 liù 6 七 qī 7 16
八 bā 8 九 jiǔ 9 十 shí 10 两 liǎng 2 when used with a measure word 百 bǎi hundred 千 qiān thousand 万 wàn 10 thousand DAYS OF THE WEEK 星期一 xīngqī yī Monday 星期二 Xīngqī èr Tuesday 星期三 xīngqī sān Wednesday 星期四 xīngqī sì Thursday 星期五 xīngqī wǔ Friday 星期六 xīngqī liù Saturday 星期日, 星期天 xīngqī rì xīngqītiān Sunday MONTHS OF THE YEAR 一月 yī yuè January 二月 èr yuè February 三月 sān yuè March 四月 sì yuè April 五月 wǔ yuè May 六月 liù yuè June 七月 qī yuè July 八月 bā yuè August 九月 jiǔ yuè September 十月 shí yuè October 17
十一月 shíyī yuè November 十二月 shí'èr yuè December ADVERBS/WORD FOR EMPHASIS 也 yě too 都 dōu both, all 有时候 yǒu shíhou sometimes 再 zài again 可能 kěnéng perhaps, possibly 很 hěn very 非常 fēicháng extremely 比较 bǐ jiào quite 极了 jí le Very (after the adjective) 得不得 了 dé bù dé liǎo Verb (after the adjective) LOCATION AND DISTANCE 这里, 这儿 zhèlǐ, zhè'r 那里, 那儿 nàlǐ, nà'r here there 在 zài in, at, on 近 jìn near 远 yuǎn far 里 lǐ in 外 wài outside 前 qián in front of 后 hòu behind 中间 zhōngjiān middle 18
对面 duìmiàn opposite 旁边 pángbian next to 右边 yòubian right hand side 左边 zuǒbian left hand side 上 shàng Up, on 下 xià Down, under 附近 fùjìn nearby 往 wǎng towards 离 lí away from WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 斤 jīn pound (old Chinese weight) 公斤 gōng jīn kilo 公里 gōng lǐ kilometre 米 mǐ metre 公分 gōng fēn centimetre 升 shēng litre 一点 yī diǎn a little 多 duō a lot, lots of 一些 yī xiē a few, some 差不多 chà bu duō More or less, roughly 瓶 píng bottle 杯 bēi cup 19
IDENTITY AND CULTURE Family and Friends THEME BASED VOCABULARY 家 jiā home, family 家人 jiārén family (member) 爸爸 bàba dad 父亲 fù qīn father 妈妈 māma mum 母亲 mǔ qīn mother 哥哥 gēge elder brother 姐姐 jiějie elder sister 弟弟 dìdi younger brother 妹妹 mèimei younger sister 自己 zìjǐ self, oneself 儿子 ér zi son 女儿 nǚ ér daughter 独生子 dú shēng zǐ only child 奶奶 nǎi nai grandmother 爷爷 yé ye grandfather 村子 cūn zi grandson 村女 cūn nǚ grandaughter 阿姨 ā yí auntie 叔叔 shū shu uncle 亲戚 qīn qi relatives 朋友 péngyou friend 网友 wǎngyou e-pal 笔友 bǐ yǒu pen-pal 孩子 hái zi child 20
男孩 nán hái male child 女孩 nǚ hái female child 结婚 jiěhūn To Marry / married 未婚 wèi hūn unmarried 离婚 lí hūn divorced 婚礼 hūn lǐ wedding 名字 míngzi first name 姓名 xìngmíng full name 年龄 niánlíng age 年纪 nián jì age 岁...suì..years old 青年人 qīngniánrén young people 老年人 lǎoniánrén elderly people 胖 páng fat 瘦 shòu thin 聪明 cōng ming intelligent 友好 yǒu hǎo friendly 安静 ān jìng quiet 亲切 qīn qiè kind 美丽 měi lì beautiful 幽默 yōu mò humorous 有名 yǒu míng famous 严肃 yán sù serious 严格 yán gé strict ( 没 ) 有礼貌 (méi) yǒu lǐ mào (impolite) polite 参观 cān guān to visit 宠物 chǒngwù pet 狗 gǒu dog 21
猫 māo cat 鸟 niǎo bird 马 mǎ horse 兔子 tù zi rabbit 我 wǒ I, me 你 nǐ you 他 tā he, him 她 tā she, her 我们 wǒ men we 你们 nǐmen you (plural) 他们 tāmen, they 她们 tāmen they 它 tā It 的 de Suffix to show possession 头发 tóu fa hair 眼睛 yǎn jing eye 嘴 zuǐ mouth 耳朵 ěr duo ear 手 shǒu hand 脚 jiǎo food 客人 kè rén guest 身份证 shēn fèn zhèng Identity card 成人 chéng rén adult 性别 xìng bié sex, gender 出生日期 chū shēng rì qī date of birth 出生地点 chū shēng dì diǎn place of birth 生日 shēng rì birthday 电话号码 diàn huà hào mǎ telephone number 地址 dì zhǐ address 22
IDENTITY AND CULTURE Technology in everyday life 网站 wǎng zhàn website 电脑 diàn nǎo computer 网页 wǎng yè web page 上网 shàng wǎng to go online 电子邮件 diàn zǐ yóu jiàn email 手机 shǒu jī mobile phone 计算机 jì suàn jī calculator 博客 bó kè blog 打电话 dǎ diàn huà to make a telephone call 用 yòng to use 打字 dǎ zì to type 聊天 liáo tiān to chat 下载 xià zǎi to download 上载 shàng zài to upload 网民 wǎng mín people who use the internet 网友 wǎng yǒu internet friend 收 shōu to receive 发 fā to send 复制 fù zhì to copy 删除 shān chú to delete 好处 hǎo chu advantage 坏处 huài chu disadvantage 社交媒体 shè jiāo méi tǐ social media 社交网站 shè jiāo wǎng zhàn social media 浪费时间 làng fèi shí jiān waste of time 影响 yǐng xiǎng influence 23
IDENTITY AND CULTURE Free time activities 踢 tī to kick (used for to play football) 足球 zúqiú football 打 dá to play (a sport with racquets, literally to hit ) 羽毛球 yǔ máo qiú badminton 网球 wǎng qiú tennis 打太极拳 dá tài jí quán to do T ai chi 玩滑板 wán huá bǎn to skateboard 跑步 pǎo bù to run 爬山 pá shān to climb (hill or mountain) 钓鱼 diào yú to fish 游泳 yóu yǒng to swim 弹吉他 tàn jí tā to play guitar 弹钢琴 tàn gāng qín to play piano 乐器 yuè qì musical instrument 练体操 liàn tǐ cāo to do gymnastics 健身房 jiàn shēn fáng gym 滑雪 huá xuě to ski 滑冰 huá bīng to ice skate 看 kàn to read, watch, see 小说 xiǎo shuō novel 书 shū book 电视 diàn shì TV 电视节目 diàn shì jié mù TV programme 电视剧 diàn shì jù soap opera 电影 diàn yǐng movie 动画片 dòng huà piàn cartoon 新闻 xīn wén news 24
京剧 jīng jù Beijing opera 听 tīng to listen 音乐 yīn yuè music 遛狗 liù gǒu to walk a dog 交朋友 jiāo péng you to make friends 唱歌 chàng gē to sing 流行歌曲 liú xíng gē qǔ pop song 跳舞 tiào wǔ to dance 请 qǐng to invite 购物中心 gòu wù zhōng xīn shopping centre 赛马 sài mǎ horse racing 名人 míng rén celebrity 花钱 huā qián to spend money 照相 / 拍照 zhào xiàng /pāi hào to take a photograph 照片 zhào piàn photograph 网吧 wǎng bā internet cafe 有空 yǒu kòng to have free time 比赛 bǐ sài competition 队员 duì yuán team member 参加 cān jiā to take part, participate 买票 mǎi piào to buy tickets 杂志 zá zhì magazine 报纸 bào zhǐ newspaper 爱好 ài hào hobby 写日记 xiě rì jì to write a diary 得将牌 dé jiàng pái to win a medal 演出 yǎn chū to perform 赛车 sài chē car racing 25
参观博物馆 cān guān bó wù guǎn to visit a museum 成功 chéng gōng to succeed 影迷 yǐng mí movie fan 饭店 fàndiàn restaurant 饭馆 fàn guǎn restaurant 咖啡厅 kā fēi tīng cafe 做饭 点菜 zuòfàn diǎncài to cook, prepare a meal to order (from a menu) 米饭 mǐfàn (cooked/boiled) rice 面包 miànbāo bread 面条 miàntiáo noodle 魚 yú fish 海鲜 hǎi xiān seafood 肉 jī chicken 鸭肉 yā duck 猪肉 zhūròu pork 牛肉 niúròu beef 肉 ròu meat 烤 kǎo roast 鸡蛋 dàn egg 点心 diǎnxīn snack 蛋糕 dàngāo cake 蔬菜 / 青菜 qīngcài vegetables 水 shuǐ water 水果 shuǐguǒ fruit71 果汁 guǒzhī fruit juice 牛奶 niúnǎi milk 汤 tāng soup 26
汽水 qìshuǐ soft drinks 茶 chá tea 咖啡 kāfēi coffee 牛奶 niú nǎi milk 酒 jiǔ wine 饺子 jiǎozi dumpling 月饼 yuèbǐng moon cake 菜单 càidān menu 早饭 zǎo fàn breakfast 午饭 wǔ fàn lunch 晚饭 wǎn fàn dinner 筷子 kuài zi chopsticks IDENTITY AND CULTURE Customs and festivals in Chinese-speaking countries/communities 春节 / 中国 新年 chūnjié/ zhōngguóxīnnián Spring Festival /Chinese New Year 端午节 duānwǔjié The Dragon Boat Festival 中秋节 zhōngqiū jié The Mid-autumn Festival 舞龙 wǔlóng dragon dance 舞狮 wǔshī lion dance 月饼 yuè bǐng moon cake 红包 hóng bāo red envelope 收 shōu to receive 感谢 gǎn xiè to thank 邀请 yāo qǐng to invite/ invitation 送礼物 sòng lǐ wù to give a gift 节日 jié rì festival, celebration 27
客人 kè rén guest 礼物 lǐ wù present 鞭炮 biān pào firecrackers 灯笼 dēng lóng lantern 龙舟 lóng zhōu dragon boat 粽子 zòng zi rice dumplings 复活节 fù huó jié Easter LOCAL, NATIONAL, INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL AREAS OF INTEREST Home, town, neighbourhood, region 客厅 kè tīng sitting room 饭厅 fàn tīng dining room 书房 shū fáng study 卧室 wò shì bedroom 厨房 chú fáng kitchen 厕所 cè suǒ toilet 浴室 yù shì bathroom 花园 huā yuán garden 桌子 zhuō zi table 椅子 yǐ zi chair 床 chuáng bed 电视 diàn shì TV 电话 diàn huà telephone 门 mén door 灯 dēng light 书架 shū jià book shelf 冰箱 bīng xiāng fridge 洗衣机 xǐ yī jī washing machine 炉子 lú zi cooker 28
空调 kōng tiáo air conditioner 钟 zhōng clock 银行 yínháng bank 邮局 yóu jú post office 超级 / 超级市場电影院 chāojíshìchǎng supermarket diàn yǐng yuàn cinema 汽车站 qì chē zhàn bus stop 公园 gōngyuán park 体育馆 tǐyùguǎn stadium 学校 xué xiào school 美术馆 měi shù guǎn art gallery 动物园 dòngwùyuán zoo 博物馆 bó wù guǎn museum 地铁站 dì tiě zhàn tube station 展览馆 zhǎn lǎn guǎn exhibition centre 明信片 míngxìnpiàn postcard 城市 chéng shì city 郊区 jiāo qū suburbs 小镇 xiǎo zhèn village 风景 fēngjǐng scenery 山 shān mountain, hill 山区 shān qū mountain area 农村 nóng cūn countryside 海边 hǎibian seaside 河 hé river 湖 hú lake 海 / 大海 hǎi/dàhǎi sea 花 huā flower 29
草 cǎo grass 树 shù tree 空气 kōng qì air 新鲜 xīn xiān fresh 安静 ān jìng quiet, peaceful 热闹 rè nao bustling 吵 chǎo noisy 浅 qiǎn light 深 shēn dark 商店 shāngdiàn shop 苹果 píng guǒ apple 桔子 jú zi Orange/ tangerine 衣服 yī fu clothes 夹克 / 大衣 jiā kè / dà yī jacket 衬衣 chèn yī shirt 裤子 kù zi trousers 领带 lǐng dài tie 裙子 qún zi skirt 毛衣 máo yī jumper 皮带 pí dài leather belt 袜子 wà zi socks 鞋子 xié zi shoes 帽子 mào zi hat 颜色 yánsè colour 红 hóng red 黄 huáng yellow 蓝 lán blue 绿 lǜ green 白 bái white 30
黑 hēi black 橙 chéng orange 粉红 fěn hóng pink 灰 huī grey 棕 zōng brown LOCAL, NATIONAL, INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL AREAS OF INTEREST Social Issues 抽烟 / 吸烟 chōu yān / xī yān to smoke 烟 yān cigarette 戒烟 jiè yān to stop smoking 胖 páng fat 超重 chāo zhòng overweight 瘦 shòu thin 健康 jiàn kāng healthy 饮食习惯 yǐn shí xí guàn eating habits 减肥 jiǎn féi to lose weight 交朋友 jiāo péng you to make friends 男朋友 nán péng you boyfriend 女朋友 nǚ péng you girlfriend 爱 ài to love 医院 yī yuàn hospital 病 bìng sick 药 yào medicine 中药 zhōng yào Chinese medicine 西药 xī yào Western medicine 针灸 zhēn jiǔ acupuncture 疼 téng to hurt, pain 31
年轻 nián qīng young 上网约会 shàng wǎng yuē huì internet dating 谈恋爱 tán liàn ài to date 上瘾 shàng yǐn addiction 毒品 dú pǐn drugs LOCAL, NATIONAL, INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL AREAS OF INTEREST Global Issues 环境 huán jìng environment 垃圾 lā jī rubbish 风险 fēng xiǎn risk/hazard 污染 wū rǎn pollution 浪费 làng fèi wastage 洪水 hóng shuǐ flooding 失业 shī yè unemployed 穷 qióng poor 富 fù rich 乞丐 qǐ gài beggar 战争 zhàn zhēng war 饥饿 jī è hunger 人口 rén kǒu population 增加 zēng jiā to increase 住房 zhù fáng housing 小偷 xiǎo tōu thief 社会 shè huì society 生活 shēng huó life, lifestyle 有害的 yǒu hài de harmful 罪行 zuì xíng crime 交通 jiāo tōng traffic 32
全球变暖 quán qiú biàn nuǎn global warming 气候变化 qì hòu biàn huà climate change 天气 tiānqì weather 有雾 yǒu wù foggy 有云 yǒu yún cloudy 有风 yǒu fēng windy 雨 yǔ rain 下雨 xià yǔ to rain 下大雨 xià dà yǔ to rain hard 下小雨 xià xiǎo yǔ to be showery 雪 xuě snow 下雪 xià xuě to snow 凉快 liáng kuai cool 热 rè hot 暖和 nuǎn huo warm 冷 lěng cold 是晴天 shì qíng tiān bright, clear 是阴天 shì yīn tiān overcast, cloudy 度 dù degree 太阳 tàiyáng sun 月亮 yuèliàng moon 星 xīng star 气候 qì hòu climate 天气预报 tiān qì yùbào weather forecast LOCAL, NATIONAL, INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL AREAS OF INTEREST Travel and Tourism 设备 shè bèi equipment 单人房 dān rén fáng single room 33
双人房 shuāng rén fáng double room 单程票 dān chéng piào single ticket 往返票 wǎng fǎn piào return ticket 度假 dù jià to have a holiday 旅行 lǚ xíng to travel 买纪念品 mǎi jì niàn pǐn to buy souvenirs 晒太阳 shài tài yang to sunbathe 向右拐 xiàng yòu guǎi turn right 向左拐 xiàng zuǒ guǎi turn left 向前走 xiàng qián zǒu go ahead 请问 qǐng wèn excuse me 去 怎么走 qù.zěn me zǒu How do you get to.. 在旁边 zài páng biān beside 火车 huǒchē train 汽车 qìchē car 公共汽车 gōnggòngqìchē public bus 站 Zhàn station, to stand 地铁 dìtiě underground railway 飞机 fēijī plane 飞机场 fēijīchǎng airport 船 chuán boat 自行车, 单车 zìxíngchē, dānchē bicycle 旅行车 lǚ xíng chē coach 出租车 chū zū chē taxi 开车 kāi chē to drive a car 马路 mǎ lù road 走路 zǒulù on foot, to walk 地方 dìfāng place 十字路口 shí zì lù kǒu crossroads 34
红绿灯 hóng lǜ dēng traffic lights 票 piào ticket 见面 Jiànmiàn meet 国家 guójiā country 中国 zhōngguó China 英国 yīngguó United Kingdom 法国 fǎguó France 美国 měiguó United States 亚洲 yàzhōu Asia 欧洲 ōuzhōu Europe 非洲 fēi zhōu Africa 北美洲 běi měi zhōu North America 南美洲 nán měi zhōu South America 国籍 guójí nationality 北京 běijīng Beijing 上海 shànghǎi Shanghai 香港 xiāng gǎng Hong Kong 台湾 tái wān Taiwan 新加坡 xīn jiā pō Singapore 故宫 gù gōng The Forbidden City 鸟巢 niǎo cháo The Birds Nest 天安门 tiān ān mén Tian anmen Square 天坛 tiān tán Temple of Heaven 长城 cháng chéng The Great Wall 护照 hù zhào passport 旅行袋 lǚ xíng dài travel bag 安全带 ān quán dài seat belt 地图 dì tú map 省钱 shěng qián economical 35
方便 fāng biàn convenient 麻烦 má fan inconvenient 订飞机票 dìng fēi jī piào to book a plane ticket 登记表 dēng jì biǎo registration form 暑假 shǔ jià summer holiday 寒家 hán jiā winter holiday 站台 zhàn tái platform 目的地 mù dì dì destination 出发 chū fā to depart, departure 到底 dào dǐ arrival 丢 diū to lose 信用卡 xìn yòng kǎ credit card 现金 xiàn jīn cash 迷路 mí lù to get lost CURRENT AND FUTURE STUDY AND EMPLOYMENT My Studies 教师 jiàoshī teacher (occupation) 老师 lǎoshī teacher (title) 学生 xuéshēng student 校长 xiàozhǎng headteacher 作业 zuòyè homework 功课 gōng kè Homework 聪明 cōng ming intelligent 学 xué to study 课 kè lesson 语言 yǔyán language 外语 wàiyǔ foreign language 汉语 / 普通话 hànyǔ/pǔtōnghuà Standard Chinese language 36
英语 yīngyǔ English language 中文 zhōngwén Chinese language 法文 fǎwén French language 意大利语 yì dà lì yǔ Italian 数学 shùxué maths 科学 kēxué science 体育 tǐyù PE 历史 lìshǐ history 地理 dìlǐ geography 音乐 yīnyuè music 美术 měi shù art 手工 shǒu gōng DT 生物学 shēng wù xué Biology 物理 wù lǐ Physics 化学 huà xué chemistry 经济 jīng jì economics 节 jiē Measure word for lessons 教室 jiàoshì classroom 礼堂 lǐtáng hall 办公室 bàn gōng shì office 食堂 shí táng canteen 操场 cāo chǎng playing field 体育馆 tǐ yù guǎn gymnasium 走廊 zǒu láng corridor 图书馆 tú shū guǎn library 卫生间 / 厕所 / 洗手间 wèi shēng jiān cè suǒ xǐ shǒu jiān toilet 休息 xiū xi break 37
上学 shàngxué go to school (as a student) 放学 fàng xué to finish school (for the day) 上课 shàngkè to have a lesson 下课 xià kè to finish a lesson 大学 dàxué university 中学 zhōngxué secondary school 小学 xiǎoxué primary school 校服 xiào fú uniform 中学会考 zhōngxué huìkǎo GCSE 笔 bǐ pen 毛笔 máo bǐ Chinese calligraphy brush 尺子 chǐ zi ruler 橡皮 xiàng pí rubber 书包 shū bāo book bag 钟 zhōng clock CURRENT AND FUTURE STUDY AND EMPLOYMENT Education Post-16 大学 dàxué university 大学生 dà xué shēng university student 毕业 bì yè to graduate 工作 gōngzuò to work 高考 gāo kǎo high school exams 社会实践 shè huì shí jiàn work experience 申请 shēnqǐng to apply, application 信 xìn letter 学期 xué qī term 压力 yā lì pressure 兼职 jiān zhí part time job 38
义工 yì gōng voluntary work CURRENT AND FUTURE STUDY AND EMPLOYMENT Jobs, career choices and ambitions 能力 néng lì skills 名片 míng piàn name card 机会 jī huì opportunity 同事 tóng shì colleague 广告 guǎng gào advert 联系 lián xì to make contact 工资 gōng zī wages 理想 lǐ xiǎng dream 赚钱 zhuànqián to earn money 目标 mù biāo aim 个人简历 gè rén jiǎn lì CV 流利 liú lì fluent 背景 bèi jǐng background 面试 miànshì (job) interview 面谈 miàn tán to discuss face to face 经验 jīng yàn experience 职业 zhí yè career 办公室 bàn gōng shì office 家庭妇女 jiā tíng fù nǚ housewife 厨师 chú shī chef 护士 hù shi nurse 医生 yīshēng doctor 司机 sī jī driver 科学家 kē xué jiā scientist 作家 zuò jiā writer 39
售货员 shòu huò yuán shop assistant 工程师 gōng chéng shī engineer 服务员 fú wù yuán waiter 警察 jǐng chá police 40