Olericulture Hort 320 Lesson 1, Intro, Population Instructor: Dr. Jeremy S. Cowan WSU Spokane County Extension 222 N. Havana St Spokane, WA 99202 Phone: 509.477.2145 Fax: 509.477.2087 Email: jeremy.cowan@wsu.edu

Olericulture - Welcome

Olericulture Hort 320 Objectives Appreciate importance of vegetable industry Improve knowledge of vegetable cropping systems history classification culture and production handling and marketing Think critically of crop requirements

Olericulture - Welcome

Olericulture Hort 320 Text Book: World Vegetables: Principles, Production, and Nutritive Values 2 nd Edition. Vincent E. Rubatzky Mas Yamaguchi 1997, Chapman and Hall ISBN: 978-0834216877

Olericulture Hort 320 Other Reading: Other textbook chapters Crop production guides Handling and marketing information Emailed to you at least 1 week prior to discussion.

Olericulture Hort 320 Exams: 1 hour, 15 minute exam period 2 mid-term exams Combination of: True/False Multiple choice Short Answer Critical essay Final exam brutally comprehensive

Oleiculture Final Exam Do NOT do this!

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation: Pick a minor vegetable crop Complete Monday 10/6/2014 and turn in a report outline Complete Monday 10/20/2014 a written term paper (6-10 pages, dbl spaced plus references) Complete Wednesday a presentation 11/19/2014 (5-8 minutes) 12/3 10/2014

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation: Grade Breakdown: Outline 5 points Completed paper 35 points Presentation 35 points

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation Content: Taxonomy Use and importance Propagation Production and Pest Control Post-harvest handling Marketing Recipes (optional)

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation: Examples of minor vegetables: (see text) Amaranth Cardoon Chervil Choyote Cowpea Fennel Amaranthus tricolor Cynara cardunculus Anthriscus cerefolium Sechium edule Vigna sinensis Foeniculum vulgare

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation: Examples of minor vegetables: Gherkin Ground cherry Martynia Okra Parsnip Peanut Cucumis anguira Physalis pubescens Proboscidea lousianica Hibiscus esculentus Pastinaca sativa Arachis hypogaea

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation: Examples of minor vegetables: Rhubarb Rutabaga Salsify Seakale Sorrel Swiss chard Rheum rhaponticum Brassica campestris Tragopogon porrifolius Crambe maritima Rumex acetosa Beta vulgaris var. cicla

Olericulture Hort 320 Term Paper/Presentation: Examples of minor vegetables: Taro Colocasia esculenta Watercress Rorippa nasturtium Other culinary or medicinal herbs

Olericulture Hort 320 Group Project: Work in groups of 4 (3-5) people Choose a major vegetable crop (from approved list) Contrast 3 production systems Modern intensive (conventional or organic) Market garden Subsistence Plan on 4 hours for discussion (keep a log of activities) Present written (3 page max.) and oral report of findings (8 10 minutes)

Olericulture Hort 320 Group Project: Wax or russet potato Onions Sweet corn Peas Lentils Asparagus Hops Carrot Melon (cantaloupe) Tomato Solanum tuberosum Allium cepa Zea mays Pisum sativum Lens culinaris Asparagus officinales Humulus lupulus Daucus carota Cucumis melo Solanum lycopersicum

Olericulture Hort 320 Grading Rubric: Mid-term exams (2) Final exam Term paper/presentation Group activity TOTAL: 33 points each 34 points 75 points 25 points 200 points Grade Points Grade Points A 187 C 138 146 A- 180 186 C- 130 137 B+ 172 179 D+ 120 129 B 163 171 D 110 119 B- 155 162 D- 100 109 C+ 147 154 F < 100

Olericulture Hort 320 Course Schedule (subject to change): Mid-term Exam 1 Sept 29 Term paper topic due Oct 6 Term paper outline due Oct 20 Mid-term Exam 2 Nov 3 Group project report due Nov 10 Written term papers due Nov 19 Presentations Dec 3, 5, 10 Final Exam Dec 18 * No class Sep 1, Nov 24,26

Olericulture Hort 320 Keep your syllabus handy.

Olericulture - definition Webster s definition of vegetable A usually herbaceous plant (as the cabbage, bean, or potato) grown for an edible part that is usually eaten as part of a meal; also : such an edible part (Legally defined under the tariff act of 1883; declaration that import duties be collected for vegetables but not for fruits)

Olericulture - definition Are Not: Cereal crops Sugar crops Pulse crops Woody fruit crops Are: Almost everything else 90+ economically important crops of various types and species

Olericulture other features Generally cultured as annuals Mostly propagated from seed Many are insect pollinated Variable adaptation to climate and environment Most require intensive management Production acreage is usually small All contribute vitally to the human diet

Olericulture Hort 320 WHY are we studying vegetable crops? Nutrition Diet diversification Food security Because they are critical to betterment of the human condition

Questions for Discussion What is projected for human population in the future? How will we feed all of these people?

Human Population Growth Thomas Malthus, An Essay on the Principle of Population: Geometric expansion of people 1x 2x 4x 8x 16x etc Linear increase in food supply 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Human Population Growth - Factors Dependable food production, transportation Rising incomes Improved housing and hygiene Medical advances Life expectancy in 1900: 47 years in 1998: 75 years http://www.un.org/

Human Population Growth Page 7, Fig 1.7, Chrispeels and Sadava. Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. 2 nd Ed.

Human Population Growth Page 2, Fig 1.2, Chrispeels and Sadava. Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. 2 nd Ed.

Human Population Growth In the last half of the previous century: Page 4, Fig 1.4, Chrispeels and Sadava. Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. 2 nd Ed.

Human Population Growth Page 5, Fig 1.6, Chrispeels and Sadava. Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. 2 nd Ed.

Human Population Growth

Human Population Growth UN Population Division predicts: Fertility will continue to decline to replacement in 2050 Life expectancy will continue to improve Overall population will level off at 10.5 billion people by 2150.

Human Population Feeding the hungry masses North Korea (2 million deaths) Many areas of Africa Afghanistan One person in seven is chronically underfed

Greatest growth greatest need in areas of the world where subsistence farming is practiced

Human Population Growth Migration: The U.S. receives over 1 million immigrants a year Europe migrants from North Africa and Middle East From southern and eastern Europe to the western European nations

Human Population Growth Migration within countries common In developing nations in 1850, 11% of the population lived in the cities Currently, 84% of the population lives in urban areas

Human Population Growth How do we increase food supply to match increasing populations? Increase amount of land in production. Increase the productivity of land already in use. Sustainability issues (Earth Summit II)

Human Population Growth Importance to a class in Vegetable Crops? Caloric needs versus Nutritional needs There is a shortage of food materials (fruits and veggies, tubers, root crops, nuts), which are the most important plant foods to supply humans with many of their nutritional needs: minerals, vitamins, proteins, starches, fats, and sugars.

Human Population Growth If the global community continues to work together to find ways to increase agricultural productivity and income sustainability, it will be able to meet the challenges of a growing world population while providing better, healthier life for all the world's citizens. Better agriculture unleashes economic growth, raises incomes and leads to smaller families. Lisa Rao Future Harvest published in the Cousteau Society s magazine, Calypso Log