EAST AFRICAN STANDARD Dry soybeans Specification and grading EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY HS 1201.00.00 CD/K/466:2010 ICS 67.060 EAC 2010 First Edition 2010
Foreword Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements governing quality of products and services in East Africa. It is envisaged that through harmonized standardization, trade barriers which are encountered when goods and services are exchanged within the Community will be removed. In order to meet the above objectives, the EAC Partner States have enacted an East African Standardization, Quality Assurance, Metrology and Test Act, 2006 (EAC SQMT Act, 2006) to make provisions for ensuring standardization, quality assurance, metrology and testing of products produced or originating in a third country and traded in the Community in order to facilitate industrial development and trade as well as helping to protect the health and safety of society and the environment in the Community. East African Standards are formulated in accordance with the procedures established by the East African Standards Committee. The East African Standards Committee is established under the provisions of Article 4 of the EAC SQMT Act, 2006. The Committee is composed of representatives of the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the private sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures of the Community. Article 15(1) of the EAC SQMT Act, 2006 provides that Within six months of the declaration of an East African Standard, the Partner States shall adopt, without deviation from the approved text of the standard, the East African Standard as a national standard and withdraw any existing national standard with similar scope and purpose. East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards they are implementing. East African Community 2010 All rights reserved * East African Community P O Box 1096 Arusha Tanzania Tel: 255 27 2504253/8 Fax: 255-27-2504481/2504255 E-Mail: eac@eachq.org Web: www.each.int * 2010 EAC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for EAC Partner States NSBs. ii EAC 2010 All rights reserved
Introduction CD/K/466:2010 In the preparation of this East African Standard, the following sources were consulted extensively: United States Standards for Soybeans, Effective September, 2007 Soybeans, Official Grain Grading Guide, August 1, 2009, Canadian Grain Commission CODEX STAN 193:1995 (Rev.5:2009), General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Foods CODEX STAN 228:2001 (Rev.1:2004), General methods of analysis for contaminants Codex Alimentarius website: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/mrls/pestdes/jsp/pest_q-e.jsp USDA Foreign Agricultural Service website: http://www.mrldatabase.com USDA Agricultural Marketing Service website: http://www.ams.usda.gov/amsv1.0/standards USDA Plant Inspectorate Service website: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration: http://www.gipsa.usda.gov/gipsa/webapp European Union: http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public Assistance derived from these sources and others inadvertently not mentioned is hereby acknowledged. This standard has been developed to take into account: the needs of the market for the product; the need to facilitate fair domestic, regional and international trade and prevent technical barriers to trade by establishing a common trading language for buyers and sellers. the structure of the CODEX, UNECE, USA, ISO and other internationally significant standards; the needs of the producers in gaining knowledge of market standards, conformity assessment, commercial cultivars and crop production process; the need to transport the product in a manner that ensures keeping of quality until it reaches the consumer; the need for the plant protection authority to certify, through a simplified form, that the product is fit for crossborder and international trade without carrying plant disease vectors; the need to promote good agricultural practices that will enhance wider market access, involvement of small-scale traders and hence making farming a viable means of wealth creation; and the need to ensure a reliable production base of consistent and safe crops that meet customer requirements. EAC 2010 All rights reserved iii
Contents 1 Scope... 1 2 Normative references... 1 3 Definitions and description... 1 4 Essential composition and quality factors... 7 4.1 Basis of determination... 7 4.2 Representative portion of soybeans for grading, grams... 7 4.3 General quality requirements... 7 4.4 Classification... 8 4.5 Unclassified soybeans... 8 4.6 Reject soybeans... 9 4.7 Special grades and special grade requirements... 9 5 Contaminants... 9 5.1 Pesticide residues... 9 5.2 Heavy metals... 10 5.3 Mycotoxin and chemical limits... 10 5.4 Environment... 10 6 Hygiene... 10 7 Packaging... 11 8 Marking or labelling... 11 9 Sampling... 12 Annex A (normative) Determination of uric acid... 13 Annex B (normative) Determination of moisture content... 14 Annex C (informative) Model certificate of conformity with standards for farm produce... 15 Annex D (normative) Soybean Fact sheet... 16 Annex E (informative) Soybean Codex, EU and USA pesticide residue limits... 17 Annex F (informative) Sieves for assessing dockage and grading factors... 25 iv EAC 2010 All rights reserved
EAST AFRICAN STANDARD CD/K/466:2010 Dry soybeans Specification and grading 1 Scope This East African Standard specifies the quality and grading requirements and methods of test for dry whole soybeans of varieties (cultivars) grown from Glycine max (L.) Merr. intended for human consumption and industrial processing. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 605, Pulses Determination of impurities, size, foreign odours, insects, and species and variety Test methods ISO 711, Cereals and cereal products Determination of moisture content (Basic reference method) ISO 712, Cereals and cereal products Determination of moisture content Routine reference method ISO 5223, Test sieves for cereals ISO 6639-1, Cereals and pulses Determination of hidden insect infestation Part 1: General principles ISO 6639-2, Cereals and pulses Determination of hidden insect infestation Part 2: Sampling ISO 6639-3, Cereals and pulses Determination of hidden insect infestation Part 3: Reference method ISO 6639-4, Cereals and pulses Determination of hidden insect infestation Part 4: Rapid methods ISO 13690, Cereals, pulses and milled products Sampling of static batches ISO 16050, Foodstuffs Determination of aflatoxin B 1, and the total content of aflatoxin B 1, B 2, G 1 and G 2 in cereals, nuts and derived products High performance liquid chromatographic method CAC/RCP 1, Recommended international code of practice General principles of food hygiene EAS 38, Labelling of prepackaged foods Specification EAS 79, Cereals and pulses as grain Methods of sampling EAS 217, Methods for the microbiological examination of foods ISO 22000:2005, Food safety management systems Requirements for any organization in the food chain OIML R87:2004, Quantity of product in prepackages 3 Definitions and description For the purpose of this East African Standard, the following definitions shall apply. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 1
3.1 soybeans grain that consists of 50 percent or more of whole or broken soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) that will not pass through an 3.2 mm round-hole sieve and not more than 10.0 percent of other grains for which standards have been established 3.2 classes There are two classes of soybeans: yellow soybeans and mixed soybeans. (1) yellow soybeans Soybeans that have yellow or green seed coats and which in cross section, are yellow or have a yellow tinge, and may include not more than 10.0 percent of soybeans of other colours (2) mixed soybeans Soybeans that do not meet the requirements of the class yellow soybeans 3.3 cleaning for grade improvement if the grade of a delivery can be improved by additional cleaning, perform the cleaning and add the additional material to dockage. Cleaning for grade improvement can be done at any time. 3.4 colour Soybeans may be yellow, green, brown or black. Colour is part of the grade name. Bicoloured or mixed soybeans Mixed soybeans are samples containing bicoloured soybeans or soybeans of another colour. Bicoloured soybeans are yellow or green soybeans with black or brown pigmented streaks or blotches in the seed coats. 3.5 contaminated grain grain containing any substance in sufficient quantity that the grain is unfit for consumption by persons or animals or is adulterated within the meaning of the regulations on food safety 3.6 damaged kernels soybeans and pieces of soybeans that are badly ground-damaged, badly weather-damaged, diseased, frost-damaged, germ-damaged, heat-damaged, insect-bored, mould-damaged, sproutdamaged, stinkbug-stung, or otherwise materially damaged. Stinkbug-stung kernels are considered damaged kernels at the rate of one-fourth of the actual percentage of the stung kernels. 3.7 distinctly low quality whole dry soybeans which are obviously of inferior quality because they are stained by an unknown foreign substance; or because they otherwise contain a known toxic substance(s) or an unknown foreign substance(s); or because they are in an unusual state or condition, and which cannot be graded by use of the other grading factors provided in the standards 3.8 dockage all matter other than peas that can be removed from the original sample by use of an approved device and procedure. Dockage includes Material passing through the No. 8 round-hole sieve Up to 10.0% by weight of soft earth pellets handpicked from the sample Stems, pods, hulls, loose soybean seed coats, and coarse vegetable matter removed through aspiration with the Carter dockage tester, or handpicked from the sample. 2 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
3.9 downy mildew downy mildew is a superficial coating of downy or powdery fungal growth. An individual soybean is considered affected only if all of the fungal growth could be pulled together and the growth covers 50% or more of the surface area of the soybean. 3.10 net weight of sample the sample after cleaning and removal of dockage is referred to as the cleaned sample. Its weight is the net weight of the sample. Percentages by weight for grading refer to percentages of net weight. 3.11 kernel counts (K) To do kernel counts you must have 500 grams of cleaned sample. All grading is done on representative portions divided down from the cleaned sample using a Boerner-type divider. 3.12 gross weight sample the sample as it arrives is referred to as the uncleaned sample. Its weight is the gross weight of the sample. 3.13 hazardous substances in samples any pesticide, herbicide or desiccant 3.14 earth pellets Hard earth pellets are pellets that do not crumble under light pressure. See Stones. Soft earth pellets are pellets that crumble under light pressure. See Soft earth pellets. 3.15 ergot a plant disease producing elongated fungal bodies that have a purplish-black exterior, a purplishwhite to off white interior, and a relatively smooth surface texture. Ergot attacks cereal crops and is not usually present in soybeans, which are a broadleaf crop. 3.16 fertilizer pellets fertilizer pellets are typically either small, round and white or irregular shaped and pink or red. Fertilizer pellets are not considered a hazardous substance however there is no visible means of assuring that material resembling fertilizer pellets is not some other contaminant. 3.17 fireburnt soybeans Fireburnt soybeans are seeds charred or scorched by fire. A cross-section of a fireburnt seed resembles charcoal with numerous air holes. The air holes result in a low weight seed which crumbles easily under pressure. 3.18 foreign matter any material other than whole soybeans or split soybeans left in the sample after the removal of dockage 3.19 foreign material other than grain foreign material other than grain does not include ergot or stones, but does include Large weed seeds that did not pass through the No. 8 round-hole sieve Soft earth pellets which crumble under light pressure EAC 2010 All rights reserved 3
Soft fertilizer pellets Any other non-toxic material of a similar consistency Sclerotinia 3.20 frost frost-damaged soybeans, when cut in cross-section, are Soybeans whose cotyledons are green or greenish-brown with a glassy wax-like appearance are considered frost-damaged. Seeds that are yellow or very pale green are considered sound, even if they are superficially affected by weathering. 3.21 heated Soybeans with a light to dark brown cotyledon when cut in cross section are considered heated. Soybeans with a very light tan cotyledon when cut in cross section are considered damaged. See Damage. Soybeans with light pink seed coats are considered in the overall assessment of colour. 3.22 immature immature damaged soybeans are characterized by a green exterior appearance in conjunction with green discolouration penetrating the cotyledon. Examination of the cotyledons is determined by cutting the soybeans in cross section. For grading purposes, immature damaged soybeans are considered as part of the Total Damage grade specification. Soybeans that are green in appearance and have no discolouration of the cotyledon or just a halo of green around the outside of the cotyledon are to be assessed against the overall colour of the sample. 3.23 inert material mineral matter such as stones, coal shale and hard and soft earth pellets 3.26 insect damage insect damaged kernels are characterized by a perforation of the seed coat in conjunction with a discoloration penetrating into the cotyledon 3.27 moisture water content in soybeans as determined by an approved device and procedures 3.28 mouldy mouldy soybeans are wrinkled and misshapen, and range in colour from medium to dark brown. Large areas of the affected bean are superficially covered with a grey mould. Mouldy beans often have a spongy texture and usually give off an unpleasant odour. They are included in the tolerance for Heated. 3.29 mudball soybean a soybean completely covered with caked-on mud is considered damaged 3.30 odour there is no numeric tolerance for odour. Consider The basic quality of the sample The type and degree of the odour The presence of visible residue causing the odour 4 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
Grains grading No. 1 through 3 must have a natural odour. A sample would have to grade No. 4 for Damage before it could have a slight odour associated with low quality soybeans. 3.31 other grains all grains other than soybeans that remain in the sample after cleaning are considered other grains 3.32 pokeweed stain pokeweed stain is a bright red staining of the soybean seed coat caused by the sap of the pokeweed berry. In some cases, the staining may appear similar to pesticide treated seeds of soybeans. 3.33 poisonous, toxic and/or harmful seeds any seed which if present in quantities above permissible limit may have damaging or dangerous effect on health, organoleptic properties or technological performance such as Jimson weed dhatura (D. fastuosa Linn and D. stramonium Linn.) corn cokle (Agrostemma githago L., Machai Lallium remulenum Linn.) Akra (Vicia species), Argemone mexicana, Khesari and other seeds that are commonly recognized as harmful to health 3.34 purple mottled or stained soybeans that are discoloured by the growth of a fungus; or by dirt; or by a dirt-like substance(s) including non-toxic inoculants; or by other non-toxic substances 3.35 rancid Soybeans in various stages of rancidity are characterized by a deep pink discolouration on the seed coat and varying degrees of discolouration of the cotyledon. Seeds having a deep pink discolouration on the seed coat are cut and, based upon the extent of discolouration of the cotyledon, assessed as follows: Discolouration of cotyledon No discolouration of cotyledon to slight discolouration just below seed coat. Pink discolouration of cotyledon greater than just below the seed coat level but not throughout the entire seed. Pink discolouration extends throughout cotyledon. Assess as Considered in the evaluation of colour. Considered as Damage. Considered rancid and included in tolerance for Heated. 3.39 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum a fungus producing hard masses of fungal tissue, called sclerotia. The sclerotia vary in size and shape, have a course surface texture, vary in exterior colour from dark black to grey to white and have a pure white interior. Sclerotinia is included in Foreign material other than grain for grade determination. 3.40 seed coats In unprocessed samples, loose seed coats are assessed as dockage. In commercially clean samples, loose seed coats are assessed as Splits. 3.41 shrivelled if the soybean is shrivelled, small and flat, it has no oil value and is considered Damaged. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 5
3.41 sieve 8/64 [3.175 mm] round-hole sieve An 8/64 round-hole sieve shall be a metal sieve 0.0319 inch thick, perforated with round holes 0.1250 (8/64) inch in diameter which are 0.1875 (3/16) inch from centre to centre. (The perforations of each row shall be staggered in relation to the adjacent rows.) 3.42 soft earth pellets Soft earth pellets are pellets that crumble under light pressure if they do not crumble, they are considered stones. These pellets can be Earth and fertilizer pellets Any non-toxic material of similar consistency 3.43 soybeans of other colours soybeans that have green, black, brown, or bicoloured seed coats. Soybeans that have green seed coats will also be green in cross section. Bicoloured soybeans will have seed coats of two colours, one of which is brown or black, and the brown or black colour covers 50 percent of the seed coats. The hilum of a soybean is not considered a part of the seed coat for this determination. 3.44 special analyses Upon request, samples may be analyzed for other factors. The shipper of the soybeans indicates which factors are to be analyzed and which sieves to use. Hilum colour (white hilum) Hilum colour is not a grading factor. Handpick a representative portion of not less than 100 g of the cleaned sample to determine the percentage by weight of Hilum colour. Sizing Analyze a representative portion of not less than 500 g of the cleaned sample. The shipper specifies the sieve size. 3.45 splits splits include split soybeans, broken seeds that are less than three-quarters of the whole seed, and cotyledons that are loosely held together by the seed coat. 3.46 sprouted if a soybean shows evidence of sprouting, it is Damaged 3.47 stained and mottled staining or mottling on the surface is caused by weather, dirt, weed stain, or disease. If the soybeans are not damaged or discoloured internally, they are considered sound. See Pokeweed stain. 3.48 stones hard shale, coal, hard earth pellets, and any other non toxic materials of similar consistency. Fertilizer pellets are assessed as stones when constituting 1.0% or less of the net sample weight. 3.49 treated seed and other chemical substances (a) Treated seed is grain that has been coated with an agricultural chemical for agronomic purposes. These seed dressings contain a dye to render the treated seed visually conspicuous. The colour of the dye varies depending upon the type of treatment and the type of grain. The coatings or stains may appear greasy or powdery and surface area distribution ranges from tiny flecks to complete coverage. (b) Other chemical substances refers to any chemical residues either adhering to the kernel or remaining in the sample and to samples having a chemical odour of any kind. 6 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
3.50 varieties soybeans are graded without reference to variety 4 Essential composition and quality factors 4.1 Basis of determination CD/K/466:2010 Each determination of class, heat-damaged kernels, damaged kernels, splits, and soybeans of other colours is made on the basis of the grain when free from foreign material. Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of the grain as a whole. 4.2 Representative portion of soybeans for grading, grams Grading factor Minimum Optimum Export Colour working sample working sample working sample Damage 50 250 250 Downy mildew 100 250 250 Ergot working sample working sample working sample Excreta working sample working sample working sample Fireburnt working sample working sample working sample Foreign material 100 500 500 Heated, mouldy, rancid 50 500 working sample Immature 50 250 250 Odour working sample working sample working sample Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 100 working sample working sample Soft earth pellets 100 500 working sample Splits, seed coats 100 500 500 Stained, mottled working sample working sample working sample Stones 500 500 working sample 4.3 General quality requirements 4.3.1 Soybeans shall meet the following general requirements/limits as determined using the relevant standards listed in Clause 2: a) shall consist of grain that consists of 50 percent or more of whole or broken soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) that will not pass through an 8/64 round-hole sieve and not more than 10.0 percent of other grains for which standards have been established; b) be hard, clean, wholesome, uniform in size, shape, colour and in sound merchantable condition; c) shall be safe and suitable for human consumption; d) shall be free of pests, live animals, animal carcasses, animal droppings, fungus infestation, added colouring matter, moulds, weevils, obnoxious substances, discoloration and all other impurities except to the extent indicated in this standard and must meet any other phytosanitary requirements specified by the importing country authority; e) shall be free from filth (impurities of plant and animal origin including insects, rodent hair and excreta) in amounts that represent a hazard to human health; f) shall be free from toxic or noxious seeds that are commonly recognized as harmful to health; g) shall be free from abnormal flavours, obnoxious smell and discolouration. h) shall be free from micro-organisms and substances originating from micro-organisms or other poisonous or deleterious substances in amounts that may constitute a hazard to human health. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 7
4.3.2 Soybeans shall be in form of well-filled seeds of uniform colour. 4.3.4 If soybeans are presented in bags, the bags shall also be free of pests and contaminants. In addition the soybeans shall comply with any conditions set by the importing country authority. 4.3.5 If soybeans are rejected because pests or contaminants are found in inspected samples, the soybeans are not to be re-presented for inspection unless they have been treated or cleaned. 4.3.6 Blending of rejected soybeans is not permitted as a treatment for insect infestation or as a method of cleaning for contaminants for which there is a nil tolerance 4.3.7 Brushing the outside of bags is not permitted as a remedy to remove pests or contaminants. 4.4 Classification Soybeans grains shall be classified into four grades on the basis of the tolerable limits established in Table 1 which shall be additional to the general requirements set out in this standard. Table 1 Specific requirements for soybeans grains Characteristic Grade Method of test 1 2 3 4 Standard of quality Ergot 0.01 0.025 0.1 0.25 Stones Nil 1K 3K 3K Foreign material other than grain 0.1 0.3 0.5 2.0 Total 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 Min. test weight, kg/h (g/0.5 L) 70(357) 68(347) 66(337) 63(322) Degree of soundness Cool natural odour, good natural colour Cool natural odour, may be slightly stained Cool natural odour, may be stained Cool odour, may be badly stained Downy mildew, % by mass, max. 2 10 No limit No limit Damage, % by mass, max. Heat-damaged or mouldy Nil 0.2 1.0 3.0 Total 2.0 3.0 5.0 8.0 ISO 605 Other colours or bicoloured other than for mixed soybeans, % by mass, max. 2 3 5 10 Splits, % by mass, max. 10 15 20 30 Moisture content, % by mass, max. 12.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 ISO 711/712 Other materials, maximum count Animal filth 9 9 9 9 Castor beans 1 1 1 1 Crotalaria seeds 2 2 2 2 Glass 0 0 0 0 Stones 3 3 3 3 Unknown foreign substance 3 3 3 3 Total 10 10 10 10 1) Disregard for Mixed soybeans. 2) In addition to the maximum count limit, stones must exceed 0.1 percent of the sample weight. 3) Includes any combination of animal filth, castor beans, crotalaria seeds, glass, stones, and unknown foreign substances. The weight of stones is not applicable for total other material. 4.5 Unclassified soybeans Shall be soybeans which do not fall within the requirements of Grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 of this standard but are not rejected soybeans. 8 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
4.6 Reject soybeans Reject soybeans are soybeans that: (a) (b) (c) Do not meet the requirements for Grade Nos. 1, 2, 3, or 4; or CD/K/466:2010 Have a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odour (except garlic odour); or Are heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality. 4.7 Special grades and special grade requirements (a) (b) Garlicky soybeans Soybeans that contain five or more green garlic bulblets or an equivalent quantity of dry or partly dry bulblets in a 1,000-gram portion. Purple mottled or stained Soybeans with pink or purple seed coats as determined on a portion of approximately 400 grams. 5 Contaminants 5.1 Pesticide residues Peas shall comply with those maximum pesticide residue limits established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity. The limits listed below were current as of the dates indicated. Annex E provides current MRLs for the USA, EU and Codex markets. Table 2 Maximum pesticide residue limits and extraneous maximum residue limits in dry peas (current as at 2009-06-09) Type Unit symbol Limit Method of test Notes Soya bean (dry) 2,4-D mg/kg 0.01(*) ACEPHATE mg/kg 0.3 ALDICARB mg/kg 0.02(*) AZINPHOS-METHYL mg/kg 0.05(*) BENTAZONE undef 0.05(*) CARBARYL mg/kg 0.2 CARBENDAZIM mg/kg 0.5 Source of data: carbendazim CHLORPYRIFOS undef 0.1 CLETHODIM mg/kg 10 CYCLOXYDIM mg/kg 2 CYPERMETHRIN mg/kg 0.05(*) DIFENOCONAZOLE mg/kg 0.02(*) DIMETHENAMID-P undef 0.01(*) DIQUAT mg/kg 0.2 ENDOSULFAN mg/kg 1 FENITROTHION undef 0.01 FENVALERATE mg/kg 0.1 FLUSILAZOLE mg/kg 0.05 GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM mg/kg 2 GLYPHOSATE undef 20 INDOXACARB undef 5 METALAXYL mg/kg 0.05(*) METHAMIDOPHOS undef 0.1 METHOMYL mg/kg 0.2 Based on thiodicarb use PERMETHRIN mg/kg 0.05(*) PHORATE undef 0.05(*) PROPICONAZOLE undef 0.07 PYRACLOSTROBIN undef 0.05 QUINTOZENE mg/kg 0.01(*) SPINOSAD undef 0.01(*) Soya bean fodder 2,4-D mg/kg 0.01(*) CARBARYL mg/kg 15 CARBENDAZIM mg/kg 0.1(*) Source of data: carbendazim METHOMYL mg/kg 0.2 EAC 2010 All rights reserved 9
Type Unit symbol Limit Method of test Notes PARAQUAT undef 0.5 PERMETHRIN mg/kg 50 dry wt PROPICONAZOLE undef 5 QUINTOZENE mg/kg 0.01(*) Soya bean hulls CARBARYL mg/kg 0.3 FLUSILAZOLE mg/kg 0.05 METHOMYL mg/kg 1 Soya bean oil, Crude CARBARYL mg/kg 0.2 CHLORDANE mg/kg 0.05 CLETHODIM mg/kg 1 ENDOSULFAN mg/kg 2 HEPTACHLOR mg/kg 0.5 METHOMYL mg/kg 0.2 PERMETHRIN mg/kg 0.1 Soya bean oil, Refined CHLORDANE mg/kg 0.02 CHLORPYRIFOS undef 0.03 CLETHODIM mg/kg 0.5(*) FLUSILAZOLE mg/kg 0.1 HEPTACHLOR mg/kg 0.02 METHOMYL mg/kg 0.2 Soya bean (immature seeds) HEPTACHLOR mg/kg 0.02 NOVALURON undef 0.01(*) Soya bean meal METHOMYL mg/kg 0.2 5.2 Heavy metals Soybeans shall be free from heavy metals in amounts which may represent a hazard to health. If present, they shall not exceed the limits established in Table 3. Table 3 Heavy metal contaminant limits Parameter Limit Test method i) Arsenic (As), ppm max. 0.10 EAS 101 or EAS 100 ii) Copper (Cu), ppm max. 2.0 EAS 100 iii) Lead (Pb), ppm max. 0.10 EAS 100 iv) Cadmium (Cd), ppm max. 0.02 EAS 100 v) Mercury (Hg), ppm max. 0.01 EAS 100 5.3 Mycotoxin and chemical limits Soybeans shall comply with those maximum mycotoxin limits established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for this commodity. 5.3.1 Uric acid shall not exceed 100 milligrams per kilogram. 5.3.2 Total aflatoxin levels in soybeans for human consumption shall not exceed 10 ppb with B 1 not exceeding 5 ppb when tested according to ISO 16050. 5.4 Environment Soybeans shall be produced, processed and handled under conditions complying with the stipulations of relevant environmental regulations and therefore conform to cleaner production technological practices. 6 Hygiene 6.1 It is recommended that the produce covered by the provisions of this Standard be prepared and handled in accordance with the appropriate sections of CAC/RCP 1, ISO 22000, and other relevant Codex texts such as Codes of Hygienic Practice and Codes of Practice. 10 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
6.2 The produce should comply with any microbiological criteria established in accordance with CAC/GL 21. 6.3 To the extent possible in good agricultural practice, the products shall be free from objectionable mater. 6.4 When tested by appropriate standards of sampling and examination listed in Clause 2, the products: shall be free from microorganisms in amounts which may represent a hazard to health and shall not exceed the limits stipulated in Table 4; shall be free from parasites which may represent a hazard to health; and shall not contain any substance originating from microorganisms in amounts which may represent a hazard to health. Table 4 Microbiological limits for soybeans Type of micro-organism Limits Test method i) Yeasts and moulds, max. per g 10 2 ii) S. aureus per 25 g Nil iii) E. Coli, max. per g Nil iv) Salmonella, max. per 25 g Nil 7 Packaging EAS 217 7.1 Soybeans shall be packed suitable packages which shall be clean, sound, free from insects, fungal infestation and the packing material shall be of food grade quality. 7.2 Soybeans shall be packed in containers which will safeguard the hygienic, nutritional, technological and organoleptic qualities of the products. 7.3 The containers, including packaging material, shall be made of substances which are safe and suitable for their intended use. They shall not impart any toxic substance or undesirable odour or flavour to the product. 7.4 The net weight of the soybeans in a package shall comply with OIML R87. 7.5 Each package shall contain soybeans of the same type and of the same grade designation. 7.6 Each package shall be securely closed and sealed. 8 Marking or labelling 8.1 In addition to the requirements in EAS 38, each package shall be legibly and indelibly marked with the following: i) product name as Dry Soybeans ; ii) iii) iv) variety; grade; name, address and physical location of the manufacturer/ packer/importer; v) lot/batch/code number; EAC 2010 All rights reserved 11
vi) vii) viii) ix) net weight, in g/kg; the declaration Food for Human Consumption ; storage instruction as Store in a cool dry place away from any contaminants ; crop year; x) packing date; xi) xii) xiii) xiv) xv) expiry date or best before month year; a declaration of the product lifespan; instructions on disposal of used package; country of origin; a declaration on whether the soybeans were genetically modified or not. 8.2 A declaration of any inaccurate information in marking/labelling is prohibited and shall be punishable by law under the statutes of the Partner States. 8.3 The authorized packer shall observe all instructions regarding testing, grading, packing, marking, sealing and maintenance of records applicable to the product. 9 Sampling Sampling shall be done in accordance with the EAS 79/ISO 13690. 12 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
A.1 Principle Annex A (normative) Determination of uric acid CD/K/466:2010 The method is based on the precipitation of proteins and treatment of protein free filterate with uric acid and sodium cyanide and measuring the resultant blue colour colorimetrically. A.2 Apparatus (a) (b) Photo electric colorimeter/spectrophotometer Volumetric flask 50 ml capacity A.3 Reagents (a) Sodium Tungstate solution 10 % (w/ v) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Standard Sulphuric Acid solution 0.667 N Benedicts Uric acid reagent Dissolve 100 gm of pure Sodium Tungstate in 600 ml water. Add 5 gm of Arsenic acid (As 2 O 3 ) followed by 25 ml of 85% phosphoric acid and 20 ml of conc HCl. Boil the mixture for 20 minutes, cool and make volume upto 1 litre. Sodium Cyanide solution 5 percent containing 2 ml of ammonia per litre. This solution requires to be prepared fresh after about six weeks. Standard Uric acid solution (Benedicts) stock solution Dissolve 9 gm of Sodium dihydrogen phosphate in about 200 300 ml water. If the solution is not clear, filter and make upto 500 ml with hot water. Weigh 200 mg of pure uric acid in 1 litre volumetric flask and add a few mls of water to suspend the uric acid. Now add the solution made earlier and shake till the uric acid dissolves completely. Cool, add 1.4 ml of glacial acetic acid, dilute to mark and mix. Add 5 ml chloroform to prevent bacterial growth. 5 ml of stock solution contains 1 mg uric acid. Working Standard uric acid solution Dilute 50 ml of stock solution containing 10 mg of uric acid with 400 ml distilled water in a 500 ml volumetric flask. Add 25 ml dilute HCl (1+ 9). Make the solution upto mark and mix. The working solution should be prepared from stock solution which is more than 10 days old. A.4 Procedure Weigh 50 gm sample and grind it finely. Take between 4-20 gm powder expected to contain 1 mg to 5 mg uric acid and suspend in 200 ml water. Allow the mixture to stand for 2 hours and then mix in a Waring blender for 10 minutes and centrifuge at about 2000 r.p.m for 10 minutes. To 100 ml of clear centrifugate add 10 ml Sodium tungstate solution and mix. Then add 10 ml standard sulphuric acid solution to precipitate the proteins present in the extract. Mix and allow to stand for 5 minutes and filter. Take an aliquot of the filterate containing between 0.15-0.3 mg uric acid per 10 ml filterate in the 50 ml volumetric flask and add 5 ml of sodium cyanide solution followed by1 ml of Benedicts uric acid reagent. Shake gently and make upto mark with distilled water. Take 10 ml of standard uric acid solution containing 0.2 mg of uric acid in a 50 ml flask, add 5 ml of sodium cyanide followed by 1 ml of Benedicts uric acid reagent. Dilute to mark after 5 minutes and determine the intensity of colour in a photoelectric colorimeter using a 520 nm filter. A parallel test using the same quantity of good uninfested sample as the sample under test should be run as a control. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 13
Annex B (normative) Determination of moisture content Moisture content shall be determined in accordance with the following standards: ISO 711, Cereals and cereal products Determination of moisture content (Basic reference method) ISO 712, Cereals and cereal products Determination of moisture content Routine reference method 14 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
Annex C (informative) CD/K/466:2010 Model certificate of conformity with standards for farm produce 1. Trader: Certificate of conformity with the Community marketing standards applicable to fresh fruits and vegetables 2. Packer identified on packaging (if other than trader) No... (This certificate is exclusively for the use of inspection bodies) 3. Inspection body 4. Place of inspection/country of origin ( 1 ) 6. Identifier of means of transport 7. 8. Packages (number and type) 9. Type of product (variety if the standards specifies) Internal Import Export 5. Region or country of destination 10. Quality Class 11. Total net weight in kg 12. The consignment referred to above conforms, at the time of issue, with the Community standards in force, vide: CD/K/466:2010, Dry soybeans Specification and grading Customs office foreseen. Place and date of issue. Valid until (date): Signatory (name in block letters):.. 13. Observations: Signature ( 1 ) Where the goods are being re-exported, indicate the origin in box 9. Seal of competent authority EAC 2010 All rights reserved 15
Annex D (normative) Soybean Fact sheet 16 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
Annex E (informative) Soybean Codex, EU and USA pesticide residue limits CD/K/466:2010 Users are advised that international regulations and permissible Maximum Residue Levels (MRL) frequently change. Although this International MRL Database is updated frequently, the information in it may not be completely up-to-date or error free. Additionally, commodity nomenclature and residue definitions vary between countries, and country policies regarding deferral to international standards are not always transparent. This database is intended to be an initial reference source only, and users must verify any information obtained from it with knowledgeable parties in the market of interest prior to the sale or shipment of any products. The developers of this database are not liable for any damages, in whole or in part, caused by or arising in any way from user's use of the database. Results Key MRL values in {Italics} are more restrictive than US --- indicates no MRL value is established. Cod, EU, etc. indicates the source of the MRL and EXP means the market defers to the exporting market. All numeric values listed are in parts per million (ppm), unless otherwise noted 1 2,4-D 0.02 {0.01} 0.1 1. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the 2,4-D/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 2 Cod EU 3 2,4-DB 0.5 --- {0.05} 2. MRL applies to negligible residues only. 3. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the 2,4-DB/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. Acephate 1 {0.3} {0.3} US 4 Cod EU Acetochlor --- --- 0.01 4. MRL applies to indirect or inadvertent residues only. US 5 Cod EU Acifluorfen 0.1 --- --- 5. MRL applies to soybean seed. Alachlor 1 --- {0.2} 6 Aldicarb 0.02 0.02 0.05 6. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Aldicarb/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 7 Cod EU Amicarbazone 0.8 --- --- 7. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 8 Cod EU Azoxystrobin 0.5 --- 0.5 8. MRL applies to soybean seed. Benoxacor 0.01 --- --- US 9 Cod EU 10 Bentazon 0.05 0.05 0.1 9. MRL applies to soybean seed. 10. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Bentazon/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 17
Beta-cyfluthrin 0.03 --- --- 11 Bifenazate 0.7 --- {0.02} 11. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Bifenazate/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 12 Bifenthrin 0.2 --- {0.1} 12. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Bifenthrin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 13 Cod EU Boscalid 0.1 --- 0.5 13. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 14 Cod EU 15 Captan 0.05 --- {0.02} 14. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Captan/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Vegetable, Legume, Group 6" group. 15. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Captan/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. 16 Carbaryl 0.5 {0.2} {0.05} 16. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Carbaryl/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 17 Cod EU Carboxin 0.2 --- 0.2 17. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 18 Cod EU 19 Carfentrazone-ethyl 0.1 --- {0.02} 18. MRL applies to soybean seed. 19. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Carfentrazone-ethyl/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. Chlorimuron-ethyl 0.05 --- --- US 20 Cod EU Chloroneb 0.2 --- --- 20. MRL applies to negligible residues only. Chlorothalonil 0.2 --- {0.01} US 21 Cod EU 22 Chlorpyrifos 0.3 {0.1} {0.05} 21. MRL applies to soybean seed. 22. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Chlorpyrifos/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. Clethodim 10 10 10 Clomazone 0.05 --- {0.01} US 23 Cod EU Cloransulam-methyl 0.02 --- --- 23. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 24 Cod EU Cyfluthrin 0.03 --- {0.02} 24. MRL applies to soybean seed. 18 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
US 25 Cod 26 EU Cypermethrin --- 0.05 0.05 25. MRL applies to soybean seed. 26. The MRL is established for the sum of cypermethrin and zeta-cypermethrin. Cyproconazole 0.05 --- 0.05 US 27 Cod 28 EU Deltamethrin 0.1 1 {0.05} 27. MRL applies to soybean seed. 28. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Deltamethrin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 1 PPM for its "Pulses" group. US 29 Cod EU 30 Dicamba 10 --- {0.05} 29. MRL applies to soybean seed. 30. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Dicamba/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 31 Cod EU Diclosulam 0.02 --- --- 31. MRL applies to soybean seed. 32 Diflubenzuron 0.05 --- 0.05 32. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Diflubenzuron/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 33 Cod EU 34 Dimethenamid 0.01 0.01 0.02 33. MRL applies to soybean seed. 34. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Dimethenamid/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 35 Dimethoate 0.05 --- 0.05 35. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Dimethoate/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 36 Cod EU Diquat dibromide 0.2 0.2 0.2 36. This MRL applies to soybean, seed. Ethalfluralin 0.05 --- 0.05 US 37 Cod EU Etridiazole 0.1 --- {0.05} 37. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Etridiazole/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Vegetable, Legume, Group 6" group. 38 Fenoxaprop-Ethyl 0.05 --- 0.1 38. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fenoxaprop-Ethyl/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 39 Fenvalerate 0.05 0.1 0.05 39. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fenvalerate/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. Fluazifop 2.5 --- 5 US 40 Cod EU 41 Fludioxonil 0.01 --- 0.05 40. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fludioxonil/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.01 PPM for its "Vegetable, Legume, Group 6" group. 41. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fludioxonil/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 19
US 42 Cod EU 43 Flufenacet 0.1 --- {0.05} 42. MRL applies to soybean seed. 43. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Flufenacet/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 44 Cod EU Flufenpyr-ethyl 0.01 --- --- 44. MRL applies to soybean seed. Flumetsulam 0.05 --- --- US 45 Cod EU Flumiclorac-pentyl 0.01 --- --- 45. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 46 Cod EU 47 Flumioxazin 0.02 --- 0.1 46. MRL applies to soybean seed. 47. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Flumioxazin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 48 Cod EU 49 Fluoride 70 --- {2} 48. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fluoride/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 70 PPM for its "Vegetable, Legume, Group 6" group. 49. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fluoride/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 2 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 50 Cod EU Fluthiacet-methyl 0.01 --- --- 50. MRL applies to soybean seed. Fomesafen 0.05 --- 0.05 Gamma Cyhalothrin 0.01 --- --- US 51 Cod EU Glufosinate-ammonium 2 2 2 51. MRL applies only to glufosinate ammonium-tolerant transgenic soybean. US 52 Cod EU Glyphosate 20 20 20 52. MRL applies to soybean seed. 53 Imazaquin 0.05 --- 0.05 53. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Imazaquin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. Imazethapyr 0.1 --- --- US 54 Cod EU Imidacloprid 3.5 --- {0.05} 54. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 55 Cod EU 56 Indoxacarb 0.8 5 {0.5} 55. MRL applies to soybean seed. 56. This MRL is provisional. 20 EAC 2010 All rights reserved
US 57 Cod EU 58 Inorganic bromide resulting from fumigation 200 --- {20} 57. MRL applies to postharvest use only. 58. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Inorganic bromide resulting from fumigation/soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 20 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 59 Ipconazole 0.01 --- 0.01 59. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Ipconazole/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.01 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 60 Cod EU 61 Lactofen 0.01 --- 0.01 60. MRL applies to soybean seed. 61. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Lactofen/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.01 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. 62 Lambda Cyhalothrin 0.01 --- 0.05 62. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Lambda Cyhalothrin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 63 Linuron 1 --- {0.1} 63. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Linuron/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 64 Malathion 8 --- {0.02} 64. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Malathion/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. Mefenpyr-diethyl 0.02 --- --- 65 Metalaxyl 1 {0.05} {0.1} 65. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metalaxyl/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. Metconazole 0.05 --- 0.05 US 66 Cod 67 EU 68 Methomyl 0.2 0.2 {0.1} 66. MRL applies to negligible residues only. 67. The MRL is established for the sum of methomyl and thiodicarb. 68. Methomyl and Thiodicarb (sum of methomyl and thiodicarb expressed as methomyl) US 69 Cod EU Methoxyfenozide 1 --- 2 69. MRL applies to soybean seed. 70 Methyl Parathion 0.1 --- {0.05} 70. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Methyl Parathion/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 71 Metolachlor 0.2 --- {0.1} 71. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metolachlor/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 72 Cod EU 73 Metribuzin 0.3 --- {0.1} 72. MRL applies to soybean seed. 73. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metribuzin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. EAC 2010 All rights reserved 21
US 74 Cod EU 75 Myclobutanil 0.25 --- {0.05} 74. MRL applies to soybean seed. 75. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Myclobutanil/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. Norflurazon 0.1 --- --- 76 Oxamyl 0.1 --- {0.02} 76. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Oxamyl/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. 77 Oxyfluorfen 0.05 --- 0.05 77. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Oxyfluorfen/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 78 Cod 79 EU 80 Paraquat dichloride 0.7 {0.5} {0.02} 78. MRL applies to negligible residues only. 79. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Paraquat dichloride/soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.5 PPM for its "Pulses" group. 80. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Paraquat dichloride/soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 81 Cod EU 82 Pendimethalin 0.1 --- 0.1 81. MRL applies to soybean seed. 82. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pendimethalin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 83 Cod EU Permethrin 0.05 0.05 0.05 83. This MRL is established for soybean, seed. Phorate 0.05 0.05 0.05 US 84 Cod EU Phosphine 0.1 --- {0.05} 84. MRL applies to soybean seed. US 85 Cod EU Propiconazole 2 {0.07} {0.1} 85. MRL applies to soybean seed. 86 Prothioconazole 0.15 --- {0.05} 86. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Prothioconazole/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 87 Cod EU 88 Pyraclostrobin 0.04 0.05 {0.02} 87. MRL applies to soybean seed. 88. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyraclostrobin/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Oilseeds and Oilfruits" group. US 89 Cod EU 90 Pyraflufen-ethyl 0.01 --- 0.05 89. MRL applies to soybean seed. 90. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyraflufen-ethyl/Soybean combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Oilseeds" group. US 91 Cod EU 92 Pyriproxyfen 0.2 --- {0.05} 22 EAC 2010 All rights reserved