The Age of European Explorations 1400-1800
By the 1400 s Europeans were in contact with Africans, Asians, and Americans. This is known as the GLOBAL AGE.
Wherever Europeans went, they brought their culture and beliefs to the lands they explored.
Vocabulary: Global Exploration Exploring unknown regions of the world! Cartographers created maps of the worlds they explored.
Vocabulary: Armada Group of ships They sailed around the world in armadas, because a group of ships is safer than traveling with one lone ship.
Currents and Winds Before maps sailors had a difficult time navigating the sea. Currents or Winds could take their ship places they didn t know existed and the ship could be lost at sea forever!
Europeans wanted to travel to ASIA for goods.
The Silk Road Marco Polo traveled the Silk Road. At the time, the Silk Road was controlled by the Mongol Empire. When the Mongol Empire collapsed, the Silk Road was no longer safe to travel. YIKES!!! How will Europeans get their silks and spices???
The OTTOMAN EMPIRE Europeans couldn t travel across land because the OTTOMAN EMPIRE would attack them.
All Water Route to Asia! PORTUGAL lead the way in finding an all water route to ASIA!
Important People:
Prince Henry School of NAVIGATION Technology helped the school succeed
Prince Henry Portuguese Never made an ocean voyage. Sent sailors to the coast of West Africa where they discovered sugar cane Took over the Azores, Madeira Islands, and Cape Verde Islands. START OF THE PORTUGUESE EMPIRE!
Bartolomeu Dias Explored the southern tip of Africa
Vasco da Gama FROM PORTUGAL Rounded the tip of Africa Stopped at East African trading posts Sailed across the Indian Ocean And went to India!!! He bought a bunch of Spices and returned to Portugal a HERO!
The FIRST person to find an all water route to Asia. VASCO DA GAMA
Christopher Columbus Italian man Wanted to find a route to Asia by crossing the ATLANTIC OCEAN.
Christopher Columbus Was given money from the king and queen of Spain (Ferdinand and Isabella). They wanted to spread Christianity and expand trade. Columbus sailed the Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria. Found North America, not Asia.
Pope Alexander VI Portugal wanted more land. So, Pope Alexander VI drew a LINE OF DEMARCATION, an imaginary line running down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean and stated that Spain was to control all the lands west of the line and Portugal was to control lands east of the land.
Line of Demarcation
Pedro Alvares Cabral From Portugal Discovered Brazil Remember, they speak Portuguese in Brazil.
Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese Sailed around the tip of South America Sailed for SPAIN Reached Asia CIRCUMNAVIGATED THE GLOBE: circled the globe.
HERNANDO CORTES Explored MEXICO Conquered Aztec civilization I am a CONQUISTADOR
Vocabulary: Conquistadors Conquistadors- Spanish conquerors. Took over parts of Central America, South America, and the south west region of North America.
European Conquistadors A treaty divided the world between Spain and Portugal, but the countries ignored the treaty and joined the race for land and wealth!
Francisco Pizarro Followed Cortez Conquered the Incas!
MORE EXPLORERS! The DUTCH sent explorers to the INDIAN OCEAN. ENGLAND, FRANCE, and the NETHERLANDS sent explorers to North America
Captain James Cook Claimed Australia for Great Britain Great Britain also claimed New Zealand.
Vocabulary: Colony Settlement explorers set up on new lands. Countries set up colonies on lands they conquered.
More about Explorers http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/kingsparkes/tech nology/webquests/explorers/index.htm
Events that lead up the Global Age
#1. The Crusades European men went to the Holy Land to fight the Muslims. They saw many new and wonderful places. Their stories and souvenirs made other people want to travel!
#2. MONEY Merchants wanted to travel and get spices and silks to sell for profit. Goods would travel from Asia, to the Middle East, and sometimes to Italy. Each time the goods traded hands the price went up. So, merchants wanted to get the goods directly to save them money and increase their profit!
#3 Inventions Before the 1400 s, technology wouldn t allow sailors to make long voyages. Four Inventions made exploration possible!
ACCURATE MAPS
Vocabulary: Cartographer People who make maps
THE COMPASS
THE ASTROLABE- an invention that told the altitude, or height, of the sun and stars.
A TRIANGULAR SAIL
CARAVEL
Map Activity What country controlled trade in the Cape of Good Hope?
Which Country Controlled the fewest trade centers?
Which country controlled the largest number of trade centers?
Which country was controlled by Spain?
How many trade routes originated in Macao?
How many trade routes crossed the Pacific Ocean?
AMERICA France, Spain, Portugal, and Great Britain sent explorers to the Americas to set up colonies... Are colonies a political, social, or economic development?
COLONISTS Moved to a new world for... 1. Religious Freedom 2. Money $$$$$$$
COUNTRIES WANTED: GOLD
SILVER
FURS
CASH CROPS
COLONIES COLONIES BRING WEALTH AND NEW PRODUCTS HOME TO THEIR MOTHER NATIONS.
Three Different Colonies 1.Trading Post 2.Plantation 3.Settlement
Trading Post Colony Trade Items along an established trade route. The FRENCH established these in Canada to trade with the Native Americans. The FRENCH were KIND to the Native Americans.
TRADING POST Set up along established routes...
Plantation Colony Large areas of land used to grow CASH CROPS BRITISH colonists in the south grew cotton and tobacco.
PLANTATION COLONIES Large areas of land were farmed with cash crops and traded across the globe.
SETTLEMENT COLONY Settlers build a town, but are linked to their mother country. BRITISH COLONIES
Settler Colonies Colony where a group of settlers make a town, but are linked to the mother country.
1. Political Developments New forms of GOVERNMENT in colonial areas.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENTS PEOPLE & RELIGION Christianity Spreads to new lands Population grew in America
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS MONEY Trade Routes shifts from Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean. Capitalism and Mercantilism are used to promote trade. Increased IMPORTS
MERCANTILISM The belief that the wealth of a nation is based on its supply of GOLD and SILVER.
CAPITALISM Private ownership of a business. The goal is to make PROFIT!
CREATE A POSTCARD You are to choose one type of colony and make a postcard that describes the lifestyle at that particular place. You postcard must include an accurate picture and written description of the colony in your postcard letter. Your postcard can be written to whomever you d like.