INFLUENŢA DIFERITELOR METODE DE PĂSTRARE ASUPRA CALITĂŢII MERELOR INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT STORAGE METHODS ON APPLE FRUITS QUALITY

Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 INFLUENŢA DIFERITELOR METODE DE PĂSTRARE ASUPRA CALITĂŢII MERELOR INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT STORAGE METHODS ON APPLE FRUITS QUALITY Sumere Dorin, Flore Alin, Sumere Mihel, Comn Ru, Militru Măălin, Chiţu Emil, But Măălin, Mrin Florin Cristin, Niol Clui, Ciuu Mihel, Vering Dniel 2 Reserh Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti, Romni 2 Reserh n Development Institute for Inustriliztion n Mrketing of Hortiulturl Prouts Astrt The temporry storge of fresh fruit s long s possile without qulittive epreition n signifint quntittive loss is si mesure for the rhythmil supply of the mrket n the provision of helthy iet. The ojetive of preservtion is to keep fruit fresh s long s possile fter hrvesting, without mjor physil, hemil or iologil hnges in their omposition. The knowlege of the physiologil n iohemil proesses tht re proue in the fruits from the moment of their setting up to the hrvest n uring the preservtion, in orreltion with the externl ftors (mient, limti n tehnologil), is top reserh issue in the ontext of inresing the importne of fresh fruit onsumption on humn helth. Conservtion onsists of set of opertions performe to mintin the qulity of the prouts over perio of time, hrteristi of eh speies n vriety, in orer to prolong the onsumption perio. The storge pity is the quisition of prout to mintin its qulity fter hrvesting. The shelf life is the perio uring whih the prout keeps its own qulity for fresh onsumption uner ertin environmentl onitions. This pper highlights the evelopment of iometri pple initors (men fruits weight (g), weight loss (%), firmness (N), ry mtter ontent (%Brix), fluoresene uring storge using three methos of preservtion: the lssil - low temperture n humiity metho, Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-plletsn Jnny MT ox storge metho. Regring to hlorophyll fluoresene, the Jnny MT ox storge metho ws the est metho to preserve ll vrieties stuie n inrese signifint fruit firmness. Cuvinte heie: frute, fluoresenț lorofilei, mplituine fluoreșenței (Fv/Fm), fermitte, metoe e păstrre. Keywors: fruits, fluoresene of hlorophyll, mplitue of fluoresene (Fv / Fm rtio), firmness, methos of storge.. Introution Beuse of the interntionl teneny to provie high qulity fruit presente to onsumers in onitions of inrese hygiene n foo sfety, fruit preservtion proeures re ontinuously expning, testing n using ifferent methoologies for lrge numer of speies n fruit vrieties (Tnsesu et l., 25). Applying the most vlule vloriztion methos is lso onitione y the hoie of tehnologilly stremline flow of opertions tht re funtionlly linke n whih provies the shortest wy from the prouer to the onsumer, n eh flow opertion is me in orne with ertin tehnologil requirements tht provie n mintin the fruits qulity. Chlorophyll fluoresene is n initor of energy onversion uring the photosynthesis proess, eing etermine on the sis of reltively new tehnology tht llowe fiel etermintions to e me. The onept flls into the tegory of physiologil mesurements tht quntifies the light sorption effiieny ssoite with photosystem II (PS II). So fr, fluoresene hs een shown to e influene y the plnts supply with wter (Lenhm 994, Oogren 99), minerl nutrition, frosts (Mohme et l., 995) n light intensity (Groninger et l., 996). For now, fluoresene hs een shown to e influene y the supply of wter to plnts (Lenhm 994, Oogren 99), minerl nutrition, frosts (Mohme et l., 995) n light intensity (Groninger et l., 996). Fluoresene n e quikly mesure, usully uner 3 seons (preee y -3 minute rk perio) n is non-estrutive (Greves et l., 99), llowing repete mesurements on single lef or fruit. Furthermore, the hlorophyll fluoresene n e very preise etermintion with vrition oeffiient of only 3 perent (Chițu, et l., 25). It is urrently known tht fluoresene prmeters re very sensitive to environmentl stress ftors. We oul mention the following exmples of stuies where hlorophyll fluoresene oul e key initor: the influene over time of fertilizer levels on tree physiology, roughts, shing n rown lef position, stress use y high or low tempertures, senesene of leves n fruits, pttions to light n photoinhiition, irin rhythm et. Chlorophyll fluoresene n e si initor in etermining the fruit egree of mturtion or senesene. Chnges in these mturtion n senesene inies re orrelte with 85

Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 eresing fluoresene, Fo, Fm n Fv / Fm vlues, suggesting the interreltion etween fluoresene n the fruits senesene egree (Shreier, 993). 2. Mteril n methos The experimentl ftors unerlying it the orgniztion sheme re: Ftor A - pple vrieties Ire, Golrush, Florin, Pinov, Dlinette n ftor B - methos of storge with three grutions: lssil metho - low temperture n high humiity (2-4 o C, humiity 9-95%), Jnny MT ox storge metho (2-4 o C, 95-% humiity, O 2 2-3%, CO 2 2-5%), Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere oxpllets (2-4 o C, 9-95% humiity, O 2 2-3%, CO 2 2-5%). The min iometri prmeters stuie were the men fruit weight (g), weight loss (%), penetrtion resistne (N), ry mter ontent (% Brix), minimum (Fo), mximum (Fm), the mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv/ Fm rtio) n instnt fluoresene (Ft). The equipment n methos use for etermintion of iometri prmeters of fruit re given elow. Firmness - Penetrometer-Qulitest HPE - To etermine the firmness of the fruit (pples) we use Qulitest-HPE non-estrutive penetrometer equippe with.5 m 2 mesuring evie for pples, expresse in units of Newton (N). Proeure: two mesurements were me on eh fruit, for exmple on the sunny sie n on the she sie, the hosen mesurement points shoul e flt n without ny efet on the rk. The penetrometer ws tthe to eh mesuring point, hol for 3 seons, then inites penetrtion resistne on the sreen, vlue tht ws note in tle. For this etermintion we took 7 fruits (pples) in 3 replites. Fruit fluoresene ws etermine using the OS 3 Opti-Sienes fluorometer, with the following settings: the light time of the light spot ws two seons n the soure intensity ws 2, miromol *m -2 * s -. Proeure: the fruits hosen for etermintion were kept in the rk for t lest 5 minutes, fter whih they were move out from rkness n mesure t the preferre points on the sunny n she sies of the fruits, etermining: minimum fluoresene - Fo; mximum fluoresene - Fm; Fv / Fm rtio -the mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII n Ft - instntneous fluoresene. The Fv / Fm rtio ws lulte using the formul: Fv / Fm = (Fm-Fo) / Fm. The etermintions were me on 7 fruits in 3 replites. One the etermintions hve een omplete, the otine t were reore in Mirosoft Exel spresheet. Fluoresene of hlorophyll is n initor of energy onversion in the photosynthesis proess, se on reltively new tehnology. It flls into the tegory of physiologil mesurements tht quntifies the light sorption effiieny ssoite with photosystem II (PS II). Until now it hs een emonstrte tht fluoresene is influene y the wter supply plnt (Lenhm 994 Oogren 9), minerl nutrition, frost (Mohme et l., 995) n light intensity (Groninger et l., 996). Fluoresene n e mesure quikly, usully uner 3 seons (preee y -3 minute rk perio) n is non-estrutive (Greves et l., 99), llowing repete mesurements on single lef or fruit. Chlorophyll fluoresene is very preise etermintion, with oeffiient of vrition of pprox. 3% (Chitu et l., 25). Fluoresene initors re sensitive to environmentl stressors. Stuies on the hlorophyll fluoresene n e use in interprettions suh s stress use y high or low tempertures, influene of fertilizer levels on tree physiology, roughts, shing n rown position, light pttions n photoinhiition, n lst ut not lest senesene of fruits, et. As result, we use the fluoresene initor etermintions speifie ove in the nlysis of the post mturtion of the stuie fruits, the ifferent vrieties n the methos of storge them. In the se of rk n helthy leves, the Fv / Fm rtio rehes, for ny speies, pproximtely.8-.83. In the se of fruits, lower levels of this initor re ssoite with the egrtion of hlorophyll t the sme time s fruit oloring n ging uring storge in ol spes. Solule solis of fruit juie were etermine using KRUSS GMH moel DR -6 optroni moile refrtometer, in % Brix. For the sttistil interprettion of the results, the t were inlue in Exel tses n then sttistilly interprete with the SPSS 4. progrm, whih uses the Dunn test metho (multiple t test) for sttistil insurne of 5%. 3. Results n isussions Fruit weight. Averge fruit weight n weight loss uring storge re enhmrks in the fiel. Fruit mss t were ollete t 5 n 6 months, respetively, from storge from the 3 storge methos: lssi, Jnny MT ox storge metho n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets (Tle ). Within 5 months of storge, weight loss vries from.% to 3.6% from seline. In the se of the lssil metho (low temperture 2-4 ºC n high humiity 85-9%) the lowest weight loss ws reore in Golrush, Pinov n Dlinette ultivrs (2.4%), followe y Florin v. with 2.5% n Ire v. respetively with 3.4%. Storge methos with Jnny MT n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets showe etter results, with mss losses rnging from. to 2.4% (Tle ). 86

Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 After 6 months of storge, mss losses inrese signifintly in ll storge methos, ut with Jnny MT ox storge n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets, mss losses re lower ompre to the lssi metho. Thus, the mss losses reore the following vlues: the lssil metho 5.-6.4%, 2.7-4.% in the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets n 2.6-4.2% in the se of the Jnny MT ox storge metho. Noteworthy is the reue loss from the Jnny MT pket storge n Pliflex metho, with pprox..5-2. times smller thn the lssi metho. Six months fter storge, with the lssi metho, the est results were otine for the Ire v. (5.% weight loss) n for Jnny MT ox storge metho etter results were otine y Florin v (2.6%). Dlinette n Florin vs. showe the smllest mss loss in Pliflex ontrolle ox-pllets metho (2.7% n 2.8% respetively). If we nlyze the influene of the ultivrs on the verge fruits weight, oring to the metho of storge, we unerline the following results (Figure ): - In the lssil metho, the Ire v showe the highest verge weight, with vlues tht iffer signifintly from ll other vrints; - On the Jnny MT ox storge metho, the vs. i not influene the weight of the fruit; - The Dlinette v. reore the highest verge weight in the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere oxpllets; - On the verge of the storge methos, the Ire n Dlinette vs. presente the lrgest fruits with vlues tht signifintly iffer for 5% sttistil ssurne ginst the Golrush n Pinov vs.; On verge of the ultivrs, the Jnny MT ox storge metho showe higher verge of fruit weight vlues (55.66 g) n signifintly ifferent from the lssil metho n the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets (35.7 g n 3.6 g, respetively) (Figure 2). Firmness. The resistne to penetrtion of the fruits pulp revels the storge suitility for the pple vs. nlyze. For the lssil n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets methos, the highest firmness ws reore t the Dlinette v. The Pinov v. h the highest resistne to penetrtion in the Jnny MT oxing storge metho. On the verge of the methos, the firmness ws higher in the Dlinette n Pinov vs., with vlues tht iffer sttistilly signifint from the Ire v., whih in turn hs higher penetrtion resistne n sttistilly ifferent from the Golrush v. (Figure 3). For the Ire v. the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets metho inue higher penetrtion resistne vlues thn the other 2 storge methos (Figure 4). The tren is similr to the Golrush, Pinov n Dlinette ultivrs, the Jnny MT n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets methos hve inue signifint inrese onerning of fruit firmness thn the lssil metho. On verge of ultivrs, the Jnny MT n ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets methos showe higher penetrtion resistne n sttistilly ifferent from tht reore in the lssil metho (75.48 n 75.56 N versus 7.3 N) (Figure 4). Solule solis ontent. On the verge of the storge methos stuie (figure 5), the highest vlue of the solule solis ontent ws reore for the Dlinette v. (2.99%), followe y vlues similr to Ire n Pinov (2.% n.65% respetively) n the lowest vlues were for Golrush v. (.6%). Fruit storge methos in t influene the solule solis ontent of the fruit for ll ultivrs stuie (Figure 6). Fluoresene of hlorophyll represents rpi, urte n inexpensive mesurement to ssess the egrtion of fruit ttriutes n to etermine the effet of mny stress ftors on tree growth n frutifition proesses. In this se, we propose to provie informtion on the use of hlorophyll fluoresene initors in the post-hrvest ynmis nlysis fter hrvesting. The erese vlues of these initors mens the reution of hlorophyll in the fruit skin, hlorophyll suffere egrtion proess, inresing the ontent in nthoynin pigments to the etriment of hlorophyll, whih inites higher egree of postmturtion. The vlues of the minimum fluoresene (Fo) of the 4 vs. stuie iffer wiely in the frme of eh storge metho (Figure 7). In the se of the lssil metho, the Dlinette v. showe the highest vlue. For the Jnny MT n the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets methos of storge, Ire n Pinov vs., respetively, reore higher n sttistilly ifferent vlues thn the other vs. (Figure 7). In ll storge methos, the Golrush v. inue low fluoresene vlues, whih mens reution of hlorophyll in the skin of the fruit lrger thn the other vs. stuie. On verge of the storge methos, Pinov n Dlinette vs. inue higher minimum fluoresene (Fo) n therefore registere postmturtion elye thn Ire n Golrush vs. (439.5 n 4.72 versus 33.98 n 284. respetively). Vlues etween the two groups of ultivrs were ifferent n sttistilly ssure for 5% level (Figure 7). On the verge of the ultivrs (Figure 8), the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets n the lssil fruit storge methos hve presente vlues (423.86 n 396.59) higher n signifintly ifferent from those reore for the Jnny MT metho of storing (28.3). For the Ire v., the 87

Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 postmturtion proess is more entute on the lssil metho, this ultivr is etter preserve y the Jnny MT n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets methos of storge (Figure 8). The est post-hrvest metho for the Golrush pple v. ws the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets n the Pinov v. registere goo onition of storge with Jnny MT oxing storge metho. In the se of the Dlinette ultivr, in the first yer of experimenttion oring to this initor, the etter results were registere to the lssi metho (Figure 8). On the verge of the methos, the mximum fruit fluoresene vlues - Fm (Figure 9) split the stuie ultivrs in 3 groups: the highest vlue ws reore in Golrush v.(94.52), whih signifintly iffers from the Dlinette n Pinov vs (798. n respetively 763.86), whih in turn iffers signifintly from the Ire v. (66.7). On ultivrs verge, the storge methos in t proue ifferent fluoresene vlues (Figure ). In the se of the mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio), the lower levels of this initor re ssoite with the egrtion of hlorophyll t the sme time s fruit oloring n senesene uring storge in ol stores. For ll storge methos stuie n on their verge (Figure ), the Golrush v. inue higher vlues of this initor (.72) n therefore hs etter storge pity thn the Dlinette, Ire n Pinov vs. (.49,.48 n.49, respetively). Anlyzing the influene of the storge metho of fruit on the the mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio) for ifferent ultivrs (Figure 2), it ws note tht on the verge, the storge metho Jnny MT ws the est, followe y lssil n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere oxpllets (Fv / Fm rtio.64,.52 n.43 respetively). If we nlyze the influene of the ultivr on the fruits instnt fluoresene - Ft, oring to the storge metho, similr trens s t mximum fluoresene re oserve. On the verge of the posthrvest methos, Ft vlues were higher for the Golrush v. (99.28), whih iffere signifintly from the other vrieties: Dlinette, Pinov n Ire (753.9, 664.3 n respetively 528.57). Vlues re signifintly ifferent etween the four vrieties (Figure 3). Anlyzing the influene of the fruit storge metho on instnt fluoresene - Ft, there re similr trens to the Fv / Fm rtio (Figure 4). Thus, on the verge of ultivrs, the Jnny MT ws the est metho of fruit storge, followe y the lssil n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets, whih h similrly sttistilly vlues (Ft 82.56 versus 689.3 n 656.93 respetively). 4. Conlusions For ll pple vrieties stuie the erese of mss losses for the Jnny MT n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets storge methos ws.5-2. times smller thn the lssi metho; Six months fter storge, with the lssi metho, the est results were otine for the Ire v. (5.% weight loss) n for Jnny MT ox storge metho etter results were otine y Florin v (2.6%). Dlinette n Florin vs. showe the smllest mss loss in the se of Pliflex ontrolle oxpllets metho (2.7% n 2.8% respetively); On the verge of the pple storge methos, the firmness ws higher for the Dlinette n Pinov vs., with vlues tht iffer sttistilly signifintly from the Ire vriety, whih in turn hs higher penetrtion resistne n sttistilly ifferent from the Golrush v.; For ll storge methos, the Golrush v. inue smllest minimum fluoresene, whih mens reution of hlorophyll in the skin of the fruit more thn the other vrieties; On verge of the storge methos, Pinov n Dlinette vs. inue higher minimum fluoresene (Fo) n therefore registre postmturtion elye thn Ire n Golrush vs. Tking into ount the minimum fluoresene vlues, for the Ire v., the postmturtion proess is more entute on the lssil metho, this ultivr is etter preserve y the Jnny MT n Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets methos of storge. The est post-hrvest metho for the Golrush pple v. ws the Pliflex ontrolle tmosphere ox-pllets n the Pinov v. registere goo onition of storge with Jnny MT oxing storge metho. In the se of fruit mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm), for ll storge methos stuie n on their verge the Golrush v. inue higher vlues of this initor (.72) n therefore hs etter storge pity thn the Dlinette, Ire n Pinov vs. (.49,.48 n.49, respetively; On ultivrs verge, the Jnny MT ws the est pple storge metho for three fluoresene initors: mximum fluoresene - Fm, the mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio) n instnt fluoresene - Ft. 5. Aknowlegements This sientifi pper ws pulishe uner the projet ADER 6../25. 88

Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 Referenes.Chiţu E., Viori Chiţu, Filipesu L., Mihel Clogre,Anişor Hororoi, 25. Assessment of pple qulity epreition uring storge y etermintion of hlorophyll fluoresene. Annls of "Ion Ionesu e l Br" University of Isi. 2. Greves J.A., Blir B.G., Russotti R.M., Lw E.A., Clou N.P., 99. CF- Tehnil Report, Mesurement of hlorophyll fluoresene kinetis in photosynthesis reserh with new portle miroproessor n omputer operte instrument. In CF- Chlorophyll Fluoresene Mesurement System Instrution Mnul Version.2. pp 4-53. P.K. Morgn Instruments, In. U.S.A.. 3. Groninger J.W., Seiler J.R., Peterson, J.A., Kreh R.E., 996. Growth n photosyntheti responses of four Virgini Piemont tree speies to she. Tree Physiology 6: 773-778. 4. Lenhm P.J., 994. Influene of elevte tmospheri CO2 n wter stress on photosynthesis n fluoresene of lololly pine, re mple n sweetgum. Blksurg, VA, Virgini Polytehni Institute n Stte University. 65 pp. Thesis. 5. Mohmme G.H., Biner W.D., Gillies S.L., 995. Chlorophyll fluoresene: review of its prtil forestry pplitions n instrumenttion. Sninvin Journl of Forest Reserh.: 483-5. 6. Oogren E., 99. Evlution of hlorophyll fluoresene s proe for rought stress in willow leves. Plnt Physiology 93: 28-285. 7. Pleshkov BP., 985. Biohemistry Workshop plnts. / BP Pleshkov- M.: Agropromizt, 255. 8. Shreiner V. n Bilger W., 993. Progress in hlorophyll fluoresene reserh, Prog. Bot. 54: 5-73. 9. Tnsesu N., Chitu E., Sumere D., Mrin C., Pop Lureti, Sovil Gh., 25. Stuii privin evoluţi unor însuşiri le lităţii merelor pe perio păstrării în epozite frigorifie. Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol. XXXI, 25. Tles n Figures Tle. Fruit mss ynmis y vriety n storge metho No. Cultivr Storge metho Initil fruit mss 2..25 (g) Averge fruit mss 22.3.26 (t 5 months, g) Mss loss (% from initil, g) Averge fruit mss 29.4.26 (t 6 months, g) Mss loss (% from initil, g) Ire Clssil 78.7 72.7 3.4 69.6 5. 2 Jnny MT 6.9 58.6 2. 57. 3. 3 Pliflex 36.5 33.2 2.4 3.9 3.4 4 Golrush Clssil 9.7 5.4 3.6 2.2 6.4 5 Jnny MT 6.4 57. 2. 54. 3.9 6 Pliflex. 9..8 7. 3.6 7 Pinov Clssil 37.4 34. 2.4 28.7 6.3 8 Jnny MT 57.3 54. 2. 5.8 4.2 9 Pliflex 6.6 4.3 2..8 4. Dlinette Clssil 38.4 35. 2.4 3. 5.3 Jnny MT 58.9 55.7 2. 54. 3. 2 Pliflex 32.3 3..7 28.7 2.7 3 Florin Clssil 87. 82.3 2.5 77. 5.3 4 Jnny MT 75.9 73.9. 7.3 2.6 5 Pliflex 83.5 8.2.8 78.4 2.8 89

fruit firmness (N) Fruit mss (g) Fruit mss (g) Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 8 6 * *Dunn Test (P,5) 4 2 8 6 Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex verge Ire 72,76 58,62 33,24 54,87 Golrush 5,48 57, 9,5 27,2 Pinov 8,33 54, 4,33 28,92 Dlinette 34, 52,8 63,62 5,8 Fig.. Influene of the vriety on the verge weight of the fruits oring to the storge metho 8 6 * *Dunn Test (P,5) 4 2 8 6 Cultivrs Ire Golrush Pinov Dlinette verge Clssil 72,76 5,48 8,33 34, 35,7 JANNY MT. 58,62 57, 54, 52,8 55,66 Pliflex 33,24 9,5 4,33 63,62 3,6 Fig. 2. Influene of the metho of storge on the verge of fruits weight vs. 85 *Dunn Test (P,5) 8 75 7 * 65 6 Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex Fig. 3. Influene of the vriety on the fruit firmness oring to the storge metho verge Ire 7,87 7, 74,76 7,9 Golrush 67,92 7,64 7,28 7,28 Pinov 72,24 83,9 74,29 76,54 Dlinette 74,7 77,8 8,89 77,7 9

Solule solis ontent (% Brix) Solule solis ontent (% Brix) Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 Fig. 4. Influene of the metho of storge on their fruit firmness epening on the vriety 5 4 3 2 9 8 7 6 5 * *Dunn Test (P,5) Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex verge Ire 3,52,27 2,53 2, Golrush,72,67 9,45,6 Pinov,22 2,75,97,65 Dlinette 2,4 2,99 3,59 2,99 Fig. 5. Influene of the ultivr on the solule solis ontent of the fruits oring to the storge metho 5 4 3 2 9 8 7 6 5 * *Dunn Test (P,5) Ire Golrush Pinov Dlinette Cultivrs verge Clssil 3,52,72,22 2,4,97 JANNY MT.,27,67 2,75 2,99,92 Pliflex 2,53 9,45,97 3,59,64 Fig. 6. The influene of the fruit storge metho on the solule solis ontent of the fruit oring to the vriety 9

Mximum fluoresene Fm Minimum fluoresene Fo Minimum fluoresene Fo Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27 66 56 46 36 26 * *Dunn Test (P,5) 6 6 Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex verge Ire 249,64 43,2 343,9 33,98 Golrush 257,69 96,38 398,26 284, Pinov 465,95 252,52 6,2 439,5 Dlinette 63,7 268, 353,98 4,72 Fig. 7. Influene of the vriety on the minimum fluoresene of fruits oring to the storge metho 66 56 46 36 26 6 *Dunn Test (P,5) * 6 Cultivrs Ire Golrush Pinov Dlinette verge Clssil 249,64 257,69 465,95 63,7 396,59 JANNY MT. 43,2 96,38 252,52 268, 28,3 Pliflex 343,9 398,26 6,2 353,98 423,86 Fig. 8. Influene of the fruit storge metho on their minimum fluoresene epening on the vriety.6 *Dunn Test (P,5) 96 86 76 66 56 46 36 26 6 6 * Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex Fig. 9. Influene of the vriety on the mximum fluoresene of fruits oring to the storge metho 92 verge Ire 48,48 649, 689,55 66,7 Golrush 987,67 827,24 9,64 94,52 Pinov 8,6 824,33 666,64 763,86 Dlinette 832,7 945,3 66,62 798,

Mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio) Mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio) Mximum fluoresene Fm Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27.6 96 86 76 66 *Dunn Test (P,5) 56 46 * 36 26 6 6 Cultivrs Ire Golrush Pinov Dlinette verge Clssil 48,48 987,67 8,6 832,7 775,46 JANNY MT. 649, 827,24 824,33 945,3 8,5 Pliflex 689,55 9,64 666,64 66,62 745,6 Fig.. Influene of the fruit storge metho on their mximum fluoresene oring to the vriety * *Dunn Test (P,5) Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex verge Ire,54,39,53,49 Golrush,73,77,67,72 Pinov,5,66,2,43 Dlinette,29,74,42,48 Fig.. Influene of the ultivr on the mximum of potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio), of fruits oring to the storge metho *Dunn Test (P,5) * Ire Golrush Pinov Dlinette Cultivrs verge Clssil,54,73,5,29,52 JANNY MT.,39,77,66,74,64 Pliflex,53,67,2,42,43 Fig. 2. Influene of fruit storge methos on the mximum potentil quntum effiieny of PSII (Fv / Fm rtio),epening on the ultivr 93

Instnt fluoresene Ft Instnt fluoresene Ft Fruit Growing Reserh, Vol XXXIII 27.26.6 86 66 46 *Dunn Test (P,5) * 26 6 Clssil JANNY MT. Pliflex verge Ire 383,38 563,45 638,88 528,57 Golrush 93,67 833,57 993,6 99,28 Pinov 744,79 8,2 447,38 664,3 Dlinette 698,38 3,2 547,86 753,9 Fig. 3. Influene of the ultivr on the instnt fluoresene of fruits oring to the storge metho.26.6 86 66 46 *Dunn Test (P,5) * 26 6 Ire Golrush Pinov Dlinette Cultivrs verge Clssil 383,38 93,67 744,79 698,38 689,3 JANNY MT. 563,45 833,57 8,2 3,2 82,56 Pliflex 638,88 993,6 447,38 547,86 656,93 Fig. 4. The influene of the metho of storing fruits on their instnt fluoresene epening on the vriety 94