From Human Prehistory to the Early Civiliza6ons

From Human Prehistory to the Early Civiliza6ons

Objec6ves Explore new history concepts Understand the first human civiliza6ons and their development during the Prehistoric Era. Comprehend the differences between each era.

Prehistoric= the period of 6me in the past before people could write : the 6me before history was wrifen down. Archeology= the scien6fic study of material remains (as fossil relics, ar6facts, and monuments) of past human life and ac6vi6es. Anthropology= the science of human beings; especially : the study of human beings and their ancestors through 6me and space and in rela6on to physical character, environmental and social rela6ons, and culture.

Over 10,000 years ago Yucca-based fire-starker kit (Neolithic) Have been found across American Southwest. Send us a number of messages about early world History. (Early men and women were tools users) Early Civiliza6on craped stones or selected branches as weapons, utensils and tools that could be used to: Ward off animals and human enemies. Hunt Trap Fish Prepared food These capacity to fashion tools dis6nguishes human beings from all other animals as well as fire crea6on.

Human Species Human species originated from Africa. Thanks to migra6on, humans have spread around the area by the need to find scarce food, expanding the human species to other territories. Nomad: A member of a barbarian group of people who move from place to place instead of living in one place all the :me. -Merriam Webster Dic6onary Nomadic socie6es differed from hunter-gatherers and from agricultural group, but would play a key in world History.

Paleolithic Era Paleolithic The Old Stone Age ending in 12,000 B.C.E.; typified by use of crude stone tools and hun6ng and gathering for subsistence. Most of the 2 million plus years during which our species has existed are described by the term of Paleolithic. Humans learned only simple tool use. (shape rocks and s6cks for hun6ng and warfare) Homo sapiens sapiens The humanoid species that emerged as most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period. Originated about 120,000 years ago in Africa.

Paleolithic People They gradually improved their tool use beginning with the crude shaping of stone and wooden implements. Communica)on The development of speech allowed more group coopera6on and the transmission of technical knowledge. It provided rich language and symbols for transmission of culture and its growing sophis6ca6on. By the later Paleolithic period: people had developed rituals to lessen the fear of death and created cave pain6ng to express a sense of nature s beauty and power. The use of fire and animal skins for clothing, facilitated the spread of Paleolithic groups. Cave pain6ng in Lascaux, France

Representa6on of Women in Early Art dd From Catal Hüyük site. Venus of Laussel 25,000 B.C.E.

What might it have represented?.

Ending Period The mel6ng of the last sheet of ice during the Paleolithic Period ends and with it, ends socie6es based on hun6ng and gathering. This provoked fer6le lands that help to bring advancements in society of the Neolithic Period. Therefore, the humankind remained in one place and stared to develop the capacity of domes6cate animals an began to farm. Thanks to this dras6c change, civiliza6ons began!

Neolithic Age The New Age Stone between 8000 and 5000 B.C.E.; period in which adapta6on of sedentary agriculture occurred; domes6ca6on of plants and animals accomplished.. Neolithic Revolu6on centered on the development of agriculture.

Agriculture: Is the science, art, or prac6ce of cul6va6ng the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock and in varying degrees the prepara6on and marke6ng of the resul6ng products. Thanks to agriculture, human beings were able to sefle in one place and focus on a par6cular economic, poli6cal, and religious goals and ac6vi6es.

Neolithic Revolu6on Its centered on the development of agriculture. The succession of technological innova6ons and changers in human organiza6on that led to development of agriculture, 8500-3500 B.C.E. HunAng and gathering The original human economy, ul6mately eclipsed by agriculture; groups hunt for meat and forage for grains, nut, and berries.

Title: Prehistory homework ac6vity Instruc6ons: in the notebook the student will answer the follow ques6ons in complete sentences: 1. What does prehistory mean? 2. What are three (3) characteris6cs of the Paleolithic Age? 3. What type(s) of evidence do historians have to verify that events in prehistory actually occurred? 4. The Stone Age is the prehistorical era in which historians believe that humans began the prac6ce of farming and agriculture. Which prehistoric era is most closely associated with agricultural development? 5. What are modern humans called? 6. What was the Neolithic Age? 7. What was it that allowed for the transi6on from the Paleolithic Age to the Neolithic Age? 8. Cri6cal Analysis: 1. Analyzing the Prehistory Art, which could be the dereferences between prehistoric women vs. contemporary women? Why? 1. The 6me period before wri6ng/recording of events. 2. Hun6ng and gathering, Nomadic, uncivilized. 3. Tools, pictures, fossils, utensils 4. Neolithic 5. Homo Sapiens Sapiens 6. New Stone Age 7. Agricultural Revolu6on

Bronze Age The discovery of metal tools dates back to about 4000 B.C.E. Copper was the first metal with which people learned how to work, although the more resilient metal, bronze, soon entered the picture. In fact, the next basic age of human existence was the Bronze Age. By about 3000 B.C.E., metal working had become so commonplace on the Middle East that use of stone tools dissipated, and the long stone ages were over at lastalthough, of course, an essen6ally Neolithic technology persisted in many part of the world, even among some agricultural people. Metal use: Was extremely useful to agricultural or herding socie6es. Weapons (superior to those made from stone and wood) Manufacturing ar6sans

Archaeologists classify the periods following the Ice Age into three categories: the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age.