HAND BOOK OF FOOD DEHYDRATION AND DRYING FRUITS AND VEGETABLES DRYING/DEHYDRATION AND CONCENTRATION Advantages of dehydration over sun drying Drying/Dehydration Techniques Common driers types used for liquid and solid foods (A) Fruit and Vegetable Natural Drying Sun and Solar Drying Shade Drying Osmotic Dehydration (B) Common Driers used for Drying/Dehydration (a) Air Convection Driers (b) Drum or Roller Driers (c) Vacuum Driers Differences between Conventional and Freeze Drying Atmospheric Drying of Foams Flow sheet for Drying/Dehydration of Fruits and Vegetables Dilutions of sodium metabisulphite with water to obtain ppm of sulphur dioxide (SO2) Spoilage of Dried products Schedule for drying of fruits Schedule for drying of vegetables Reconstitution test for dried/dehydrated products Reconstitution test Food concentration Methods of Concentration (i) Solar Concentration (ii) Open Kettles (iii) Flash Evaporators (iv) Thin Film Evaporators (v) Vacuum Evaporators (vi) Freeze Concentration (vii) Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis/Hyperfiltration Changes during Concentration Intermediate Moisture Foods (imf) TYPES OF DEHYDRATERS Type of Dryers Table-1 Performance Data of Commercial Spray Drying Equipment of Representative Material Table 2 Assumed Thermal Efficiencies of Different Heating Systems SUN DRYING AND DEHYDRATION OF FRUITS Table 4 Methods Used in Drying Fruits Apple Table 5 Varieties of The More Common Fruits Suitable for Drying Table 6 Tray Loading Maximum Drying Temperature and Yields of Different Fruits
Other Dehydrated Apple Products Table -7 Approximate Composition of Some Apple Products Apricots Sun-Drying Table 8 Sizes of Dried Apricots, Sun Drying Table 8 Sizes of Dried Apricots, Except Slabs Dehydration of Apricots Bananas Table 9 Analyses of Dried Bananas Cherries Cranberries Figs Sun-Drying Dehydration of Figs Raisin Grapes Sun Drying Dehydration of Raisin Grapes Handling of Raisins Dehydrated Grape Juice Loganberries Nectarines Orange Juice Peaches Sun Drying Dehydration of Peaches Table 10 U.S. Grade Sizes for Dehydrated peaches Pears Sun-Drying Table 11 U.S. Sizes (Width) for Dried or Evaporated Pears Dehydration of Pears Prunes Sun Drying Dehydration of Prunes Dehydration of other fruits DEHYDRATION OF VEGETABLES Table 12 Optimum Storage Conditions for Some Common Vegetables Table 13 Per Cent Retention of Nutrients During Blanching Dehydration of Various Vegetables Asparagus Beans, Baked Beans, Green Beans, Lima Beets Broccoli Brussels Sprouts Cabbage
Carrots Cauliflower Celery Corn, Sweet Garlic Greens Mushrooms Onions Peas Peppers And Pimientos Potatoes (Irish or White) Potato Granules Potato Flakes White Potato Flour Sauerkraut Sweet Potatoes Tomatoes DEHYDRATION OF EGGS, MILK, BUTTER AND CHEESE Eggs Table 14 Conversion Factors of Dried Egg Products From Whole Egg Dry Milk Changes Taking Place in the Drying of Milk Table 16 Composition of Dry Milks and Whey Dried Cream Dry Buttermilk Dry Whey Malted Milk Anhydrous Milk Fat (Butter Oil) Dried Cheese DEHYDRATION OF MEAT, FISH, BEEF BLOOD AND GELATIN Preparation of Meat Dried Beef (Beef Hams) Dehydrated Chicken Drying, Salting and Smoking of Fish Sun Dried Shrimp Table 17 Approximate Chemical Composition of Cured Fish Dehydration of Beef Serum and Hemoglobin Edible Gelatin DEHYDRATION OF MISCELLANEOUS FOODS Food yeast Soluble Coffee Dried Shortenings Dried Ice Cream Mixes Dried Soups Soft Drink Powders
Pudding Powders Potato Chips Table 18 Types of White Potatoes Desired for Different uses Dry Molasses Soyabean Milk Drying of Macaroni Products Pectin Horseadish PLANT SANITATION Sanitation within The Plant Bacteriological aspects of Dehydrated Foods Table 19 Variations in "Total" Counts of Commercial Samples of Dehydrated Vegetables Certified as Acceptable Table 20, Microorganisms in American Dried Fruits as Purchased Table 21 Bacterial Count of Dried Egg Product Waste Disposal Table 22 Bacterial Count of Dried beef Serumstored in Sealed Cans NUTRITIVE VALUE OF DRIED AND DEHYDRATED FOODS Fruits Vegetables Table 23, Approximate Composition of Some Dehydrated Fruits Table 24 Approximate Composition of Some Dehydrated Vegetables Dry Milk Table 25, Vitamins in Dry Milk and Milk Products Dehydrated Meat Table 26 composition of Dehydrated Pork and beef Dried Eggs Dry Yeast Dried Blood and beef Serum Table 27 Protein and Vitamin content of Different Dried yeasts PACKAGING AND STORAGE Insect Infestation Packaging of Dried Fruit Packing of Dehydrated Vegetables Packing of Dried Eggs Packing of Dried Milk Packing of yeast Packing of Dehydrated Meat Storage of Dried And Dried And Dehydrated Fruits Storage of Dehydrated Vegetables Storage of Dried Eggs Storage of Dry Milk Storage of Dehydrated Beef serum And Hemoglobin Table 28 Effect of Storage Temperatures on the Solubility of Dry Beef Senum Storage of Active Dry Yeast
Compression of Dehydrated Foods Table 29 Summary of Conditions found Applicable in compressing Specific Foods BANANA POWER Dehydration of BananaProcess of Manufacture Plant Economics of Banana Powder DEHYDRATION OF FIGS BY SUN DRYING METHOD Drying Process of Figs (Sun Drying ) Plant Economics of Dehydration of Figs (Sun Drying) DESICCATED COCONUT POWDER FROM COCONUTS Plant Economics of Desiccated Coconut Powder from Coconut DEHYDRATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES BY FREEZE DRYING METHOD Freeze Drying Plant Economics of Dehydration of Fruits & Vegetables by (Freeze Drying Method) DEHYDRATION OF JACK FRUIT for the Dehydration of Jack Fruit Plant Economics of Dehydration of Jack Fruit
EGG POWDER Process of Manufacturing Plant Economics of Egg Powder EGG POWDER Plant Economics of Egg Powder FRUIT JUICE POWDER of Fruit Juice Powder from Fruit Juice Concentrate Spray Driers Atomising Device The Drying Chamber Method of Operation Plant Economics of Fruit Juice Powder FOOD DEHYDRATION Process for Dehydration of Fruits and Vegetables Dehydration of Fruits Dehydration of Vegetables Packing and Storage Plant Economics of Food Dehydration
GINGER DRYING Ginger Not Divested of Cork Ginger Clivested of Cork Grinding Plant Economics of Ginger Processing GRAPE POWDER Grapes Method Plant Economics of Grape Dehydration MUSTARD POWDER Plant Economics of Mustard Powder MANGO KERNEL SEED POWDER (STARCH) of Mango Kernel Seed Powder (Starch) Plant Economics of Mango Kernel Seed Powder
MILK POWDER Rolling Drying Plant Economics of Milk Powder POTATO POWDER Plant Economics of Potato Powder POTATO POWDER (AUTOMATIC PLANT) Plant Economics of Potato Powder SKIMMED MILK POWDER TOMATO POWDER Process Details Sun-Drying Description of Process Plant Economics of Tomato Powder
TAMARIND SEED POWDER Plant Economics of Tamarind Seed Powder TURMERIC POWDER (EDIBLE GRADE) Plant Economics of Turmeric Powder (Edible Grade) GARLIC POWDER Plant Economics of Garlic Powder DEHYDRATED ONIONS & ONION POWDER Dehydration Method Plant Economics of Dehydrated Onions & Onion Powder Details of Plant & Machinery HERBAL EXTRACTS (DRY) Plant Economics of Herbal Extracts
PLANT & MACHINERY SUPPLIERS Food Dryers Food Washing Machinery Boilers Blanching Machinery Storage Tank:Liquid Food Processing Machinery Food Pump Food Testers & Analysers Food Packaging Machinery Dehydrating Ovens SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIAL Food Preservatives Food Processing Chemicals Food Containers Food Colour & Dyes Food Packaging Food Puches Food Stabilisers Engineers India Research Institute (EIRI) is a renowned name in the industrial world for offering technical and financial consultancy services. EIRI services are: Detailed Feasibility Reports New Project Identification Project Feasibility and Market Study Identification of Lucrative Industrial Project Opportunities Preparation of Project Profiles / Pre-Investment and Detailed Feasibility Studies, Market Surveys / Studies, Market Survey Cum Detailed Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports Project Reports in CD Roms Identification of Plant /Process/Machinery and Equipment, Industrial General Guidance for setting up new industrial projects. Our most up-to-date and Technologically Advanced Industrial Project Reports, categorized with respect to Financial Outlays and Sector wise Classification are immensely useful for : Existing Small or Medium Scale Industrialists facing competition from large houses Young Entrepreneurs dreaming to start their own industrial enterprise
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