Potassium and Dialysis What does potassium do in your body? Potassium is found in high-protein foods, fruits, and vegetables. Potassium has two main functions: 1. Maintains fluid balance 2. Necessary for muscle contraction and nerve function Why does potassium need to be controlled in dialysis? Potassium is restricted on dialysis because high-levels can cause the heart to stop beating. However, low-levels can cause muscle weakness and atrial fibrillation (abnormal heart rhythm).
Potassium Food Choices HIGH Potassium Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Raisins 1.5 oz. box 322 Fruit Banana 1 medium 422 Fruit Avocado 1 medium 877 Fruit Potato 1 medium 888 Vegetable Kidney beans 1 cup 713 Vegetable Soy Nuts, roasted 1 cup 2528 Protein Turkey, canned with both 5 oz. 318 Protein Oat bran muffin 4.9 oz. 705 Grain Milk, lowfat,1% fat 8 fl oz. 366 Dairy Yogurt, low-fat, strawberry 8 oz. 402 Dairy MEDIUM Potassium Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Orange 1 medium 237 Fruit Apricots 3 272 Fruit Almonds, dry-roasted 1 oz. 209 Protein Cashews, raw 1 oz. 185 Protein Chicken breast w/skin, roasted 3.5 oz. 240 Protein Peanut butter, smooth 2 T 208 Protein Broccoli, chopped, raw 1 cup 192 Vegetable Cucumber, raw, peeled 1 medium 273 Vegetable Bagel, cinnamon raisin 3.7 oz. 155 Grain Rye cracker, seasoned 1 triple cracker 124 Grain LOW Potassium Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Macadamia nuts, raw 1 oz. 103 Protein Chicken thigh w/skin, roasted 2.2 oz. 138 Protein Biscuit, plain/buttermilk, from mix 1 oz. 53 Grain Cornbread, from mix 2.1 oz. 77 Grain White bread.88 oz. slice 25 Grain Evaporated milk, whole, canned 1 fl oz. 97 Dairy Soy yogurt 1 cup 123 Dairy Blackberries, raw 1 cup 108 Fruit Plum, canned 1 plum w/liquid 71 Fruit Lettuce, iceberg, raw 1 cup 78 Vegetable
Sodium and Dialysis What does sodium do in your body? Sodium is found in salt and many preserved foods. Sodium has three main functions: 1. Aids in water balance 2. Necessary for muscle and nerve function 3. Helps absorb glucose and some amino acids in the small intestine Why does sodium need to be controlled in dialysis? High sodium diets can cause thirst. Thirsty patients may consume excess fluid causing fluid gain, which results in hypertension (high blood pressure). Hypertension can cause pulmonary edema (fluid in lungs), and congestive heart failure.
Sodium Food Choices HIGH Sodium Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Bologna, beef 1 oz. 302 Protein American processed cheese 1 oz. 417 Dairy Cottage cheese, 2% fat 1 cup 918 Dairy Tuna, white, canned in water 3 oz. 320 Protein Soy sauce 1 tbsp. 1005 Other Raisin Bran, Kellogg's 1 cup 342 Grain Biscuit plain/buttermilk 1.8 oz. biscuit 537 Grain Pancake, buttermilk, Kellogg's Eggo 3 pancakes 615 Grain Dill pickle 1 spear 262 Vegetable Soft pretzel 2 oz. 800 Grain MEDIUM Sodium Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Milk, low-fat, 1% fat 8 fl oz. 107 Dairy Yogurt, low-fat, strawberry 8 oz. 120 Dairy Special K Red Berries, Kellogg's 1 cup 220 Grain Chocolate pudding 1/2 cup 136 Dairy Saltine crackers 5 crackers 156 Grain Mayonnaise 1 tbsp. 132 Other 4" diameter Pancakes, buttermilk, homemade pancake 198 Grain Potato chips 1 oz. 147 Grain White sauce, thin, homemade 1/2 cup 230 Other Salsa 2 tbsp. 192 Vegetable LOW Sodium Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Evaporated milk, nonfat, canned 1 fl oz. 37 Dairy Soy milk, chocolate, Silk 8 fl oz. 100 Dairy Tofu, extra firm, prep w/nigari 3 oz. 7 Protein Sweet puffs, Kellogg's 1 cup 80 Grain Tortilla chips, yellow corn 1 oz. 79 Grain Orange 1 medium 0 Fruit Blueberries 1 cup 1 Fruit Grapefruit 1/2 medium 0 Fruit Acorn winter squash 1 cup 8 Vegetable Celery 1 medium 32 Vegetable
Phosphorus and Dialysis What does phosphorus do in your body? Phosphorus is found in meats, milk products, and nuts. Phosphorus has many functions, the functions are listed below. 1. Helps regulate acid-base balance in the body 2. Major component of bone and teeth 3. Part of DNA, RNA, and cell membranes Why does phosphorus need to be controlled in dialysis? Phosphorus is restricted on dialysis because it does not filter into the dialysate easily. Therefore, phosphorus accumulates in the body and causes high levels of phosphorus. High levels of phosphorus can lead to excessive itching and bone disease.
Phosphorus Food Choices HIGH Phosphorus Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Milk, reduced fat, 2% fat 8 oz. 229 Dairy Cheddar cheese 1 oz. 143 Dairy Bran flakes, Post 3/4 cup 152 Grain Beef chuck, tender steak, select 3 oz. 184 Protein Chocolate Pudding, inst mix w/whole milk 1/2 cup 351 Dairy Mixed nuts, dry-roasted 1 oz. 122 Protein Waffle, frozen, microwaved 1 waffle 142 Grain Chili beans, barbecue ranch style 1 cup 390 Protein/Grain Potato, mashed 1 cup 132 Grain Pizza, pepperoni, reg crust 3.8 oz. slice 216 Grain/Protein MEDIUM Phosphorus Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Peanut butter, smooth 2 T 115 Protein Marconi and cheese 8.9 oz. serving 118 Grain Spaghetti, enriched, boiled 1 cup 81 Grain muffin, homemade with 2% milk 2 oz. 87 Grain Chicken drumstick (brlr/fryer), w/skin, roasted 1.8 oz. 91 Protein Hot chocolate, from mix, prep w/water 1 oz. packet in 6 fl oz. wtr 89 Other Yogurt, low-fat, strawberry, Breyers Light N' Lively 4.4 oz. 84 Dairy Artichoke, boiled, drained 4.2 oz. 88 Vegetable Golden raisins, seedless 1/2 cup 84 Fruit Avocado 1 cup sliced 76 Fruit LOW Phosphorus Foods Serving size mgs/serving Food group Ritz crackers 1 cracker 44 Grain Whole wheat bread 1 oz. 57 Grain Apple, medium, 2 3/4" diameter 1 15 Fruit Blueberries 1 cup 17 Fruit Bacon 3 slices 11 Protein Chicken wing (broiler/fryer), w/skin, roasted 1.2 oz. wing 51 Protein Evaporated milk, whole, canned 1 fl oz. 65 Dairy Broccoli, chopped, raw 1 cup 60 Vegetable Cauliflower, chopped raw 1 cup 44 Vegetable Cucumber, raw, peeled 1 medium 42 Vegetable
One Day Diet Plan for Dialysis Breakfast Morning Snack Lunch Afternoon Snack Dinner Evening Snack Food Item Hard boiled egg Water Yogurt with blackberries Toasted white bread with butter and grape jelly Fresh pineapple and strawberries with whipped topping Cranberry apple juice Cottage cheese Turkey sandwich w/tomatoes, iceberg lettuce, mayo, mustard, and white bread Water Ice cream Carrots Berry, nut, and chicken salad Pink lemonade Lemon chicken White dinner roll w/butter Water Peanut butter cookie Lemonade Whole wheat crackers, low sodium w/peanut butter Serving Size 1 egg 1 cup 4 ounces of yogurt, 1/2 cup blackberries 2 slices bread, 1 tbsp. butter, 2 tbsp. jelly 1/2 cup pineapple and strawberries, 2 tbsp. whipped topping 1 cup 1/2 cup 3 oz. turkey, 1 slice tomato, 1 medium piece iceberg lettuce, 1/2 tbsp. mayo, 1 tsp. mustard 1/2 cup 1/2 cup 1/2 cup 4 ounce 1 cup 6 oz. 1 roll, 1 tsp. butter 1 cup 1 1/2 cup 9 crackers, 2 1/2 tbsp. peanut butter