Name/Class: SS8 Chapter 7a: How Did Geography and History Affect the Worldviews of the Aztec? VOCAB: Define each term in 6 words or less. Plateau Incarnation Pre-Columbian Altepetl Saline Militarism Ecological Zone Tribute Codex Obsidian Destiny Oral Tradition Semi-Nomadic Incentive Conquistador How Did Geography Influence the Aztecs? (228-229) 1. What is the VALLEY OF MEXICO? Where is it located? What is special about its climate? 2. What is the connection between PRE-COLUMBIAN societies and the Valley of Mexico?
3. How did the geography of the Valley of Mexico affect the Aztec social systems? Explain in 2-3 sentences, or draw a diagram. 4. What was the result of different ECOLOGICAL ZONES in the Valley of Mexico? 5. How did this affect the economy in the area? How Did the History of the Aztec Affect Their Worldview? (232-233) 6. What does THE LONG MIGRATION refer to? 7. What did the Aztec believe about the journey? 8. What happened to the Aztec when they finally reached the Valley of Mexico? Why? 9. What do the Aztec believe about HUITZILOPOCHTLI (weets-eel-oh-potch-tlee) Tenochtitlan (234-235) 10. How did the Aztec know that Lake Texcoco would be their destination? 11. How did the Aztec survive and work to improve their quality of life after arriving in Tenochtitlan?
12. Why was Tenochtitlan an excellent site? Give 3 reasons. 13. How did the Aztec adapt and adjust to their new home? Contact with Other Meso-American Societies (244-246) 14. Use the information on page 244-245 to complete the table. Who were they? 1. 2. 3. Say it like this: Their time in history: Influence on the Aztec: Draw something symbolic of their culture: 15. What was the legacy of the ancient Meso-American civilizations? 16. What elements of religion did the Aztec borrow from other Meso-American societies? Identify 4.
17. In what way was the Aztec social system reflective of other Meso-American societies? Identify 3. 18. In what way was Aztec art and architecture influenced by other Meso-American societies? Identify 3. Itzcoatl (248) 19. Who am I? What am I known as? 20. What did I accomplish? List 4 things.
How Did the Aztec Emperors Become the Most Powerful Rulers in the Valley of Mexico? (249) 21. What was happening in Spain in the early 1500s? How were the Aztec different? The Aztec Rise to Power (251-252) 22. Who held the greatest power in the Valley of Mexico? 23. Why did the Aztec need other Meso-American societies to believe they were descended from the Toltec? 24. How did Aztec rulers increase their power? 25. Who else used the same strategies? Conquering New Societies (253) 26. Life in Aztec societies developed around a culture of war. What were the 2 Aztec goals of battle? 27. What was the Aztec military strategy? 28. Why was the Aztec military strategy effective? 29. When a city-state was defeated, what three things were their citizens required to do?
What Political Structure Developed in the Aztec Empire? (253) 30. Based on the information given on pg. 253, draw a diagram of the Aztec political hierarchy, starting with the emperor at the top.
Name/Class: SS8 Chapter 7b: How Did Geography and History Affect the Worldviews of the Spanish? How Did Geography Influence the Spanish? (230-231) 1. What is the MESETA CENTRAL? Where is it located? What are three of its features? 2. Where are the best harbours located in Spain? How might this affect the economy? 3. What two geographic features were the dividing lines between Spain s kingdoms. How Did the History of Spain Affect its Worldview? (236) 4. What peoples were part of the invasion and colonization of the Iberian Peninsula? Identify 5. The Reconquista (236-237) 5. Who ruled Spain for more than 700 years? What did they allow? 6. What happened over the centuries?
7. What does RECONQUISTA mean? What was its purpose? 8. When did Moorish (Muslim) control of Spain end? 9. How were the two largest kingdoms in Spain unified? Spanish Inquisition (238) 10. After the Reconquista, what was considered the only true faith in Spain? 11. What was Isabella s belief? Ferdinand s? 12. Why was the Spanish Inquisition reinstated? 13. What was the original purpose of the Inquisition? What happened in the end? Desire for Exploration (238-239) 14. Where did Spain look for expansion? 15. What two attitudes justified their harsh treatment of the peoples they conquered and their forced conversion to Catholicism?
How Did Contact with the Moors Influence Spain? (242-243) 16. What happened when the Moors conquered regions of the Iberian Peninsula? 17. What was the legacy of the Moors in Spain? Identify 5 influences, 18. How might expelling the Jews and Muslims have harmed Spain? How Did the Spanish Monarchy Become So Powerful? (254-256) 19. What happened in Spain as the Aztec were establishing their empire in Mexico? 20. What 5 things did Ferdinand and Isabella do in order to rule Spain as they wished? 21. What was THE CORTES? What was its purpose? BONUS: What is another word from a past unit that you can use to describe The Cortes?
22. What did Ferdinand and Isabella do to reduce the power of The Cortes? 23. How did they compensate them for the reduction in power? 24. How did the monarchs stop the cities from becoming too independent and powerful? 25. What trade did the monarchs make in order to take control of the Church in Spain in 1486? 26. Even after all the changes, many problems continued in Spain. What were 5 of them? 27. What decision led to Spain becoming the most powerful and wealthy country in Europe in the 15 th and 16 th century? 28. What areas did Spain control by the 1500s? Same Time, Different Place: (257) 29. Briefly draw or describe what was going on in parts of the rest of the world as Spain and the Aztec developed their empires in the 1400-1500s. Use the space below or the back of the page.