PEP 725: MONITORING OF SPRING PHENOLOGY 2015 27 European Partners and Elisabeth Koch, Thomas Hübner, Anita Paul, Markus Ungersböck, Helfried Scheifinger all ZAMG, Vienna, Austria elisabeth.koch@zamg.ac.at Slide 1
THE PEP725 COMMUNITY www.pep725.eu successor of the COST Action 725 funded by ZAMG, Austrian ministry for science & research & economy bmwfw and EUMETNET main objective promote and facilitate phenological research by delivering a pan European phenological database with an open, unrestricted data access for science, research and education So far 20 European meteorological services and 7 partners from different phenological network operators have joined PEP725. Slide 2
THE PEP725 COMMUNITY www.pep725.eu STREAMGRAPH showing records in PEP725 DB Slide 3
THE PEP725 COMMUNITY www.pep725.eu 4000 3000 2000 1000 one download is the summary of all records for a certain plant and phase for a single country 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 201507 Downloads per year + many special requests
Betula pendula Quercus robur Fagus Picea abies (P.excelsa) Prunus avium Acer pseudoplatanus Tilia Sorbus aucuparia Acer platanoides Aesculus hippocastanum Sambucus Corylus avellana Robinia pseudoacacia Populus tremula Alnus glutinosa Larix decidua Pyrus communis Vitis vinifera Hordeum vulgare Salix caprea Syringa vulgaris Acer platanoides Fraxinus excelsior Tussilago farfara Zea mays 1500 1000 500 Some statistics of www.pep725.eu most wanted plants Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Fagus sylvatica 0 users field of interest phenology remote sensing agriculture & forestry ecology CC studies biometeorology Pollen used for master / PhD thesis others users from 42 countries
PHENOLOGY AS CC IMPACT INDICATOR the timing of seasonal activities of animals and plants is perhaps the simplest process in which to track changes in the ecology of species in response to climate change (IPCC 2007) Slide 6
PHENOLOGY AS CC IMPACT INDICATOR Phenology has come back to the center of interest, not only in research but also as a way to communicate effects of climate change to the public. The first and most obvious biological impacts of climate change was detected in the environment using long-term phenological data. Slide 7
REAL TIME MONITORING NETWORK D-A-CH REGION D: Schnellmeldenetz A: www.phenowatch.at since 2006 CH: http://www.phaeno.ethz.ch/globe/ since 2014/2015 Slide 8
EARLY SPRING 2015 IN D-A-CH REGION: CORYLUS avellana start of flowering Hazel flowered first in Northern Germany and in the Tessin at beginning of January, last record comes from Graubünden at the end of March. Cold spells in February resulted in a slowed down vegetation development. Finally on March 28th hazel flowering was reported from Graubünden in 1250 m a.s.l. www.pep725.eu Slide 9
JANUARY 2015 IN D-A-CH REGION Mean temperature January 2015 www.eca.knmi.nl Slide 10
FULL SPRING 2015 IN D-A-CH REGION: MALUS domestica start of flowering Apple started to flower at beginning of April in SW Germany and in the S of Switzerland, the last record comes from the Eastern Austrian Alps at mid of May. The flowering wave proceeded more or less from the South to the North - neglecting higher altitudes in the Alpine regions. www.pep725.eu Slide 11
APRIL 2015 IN D-A-CH REGION Mean temperature April 2015 www.eca.knmi.nl Slide 12
GERMANY: COMPARISON 2015 WITH 1981 2010 Austrian Phenological Mirror http://www.dwd.de/bvbw/e Slide 13
AUSTRIA: COMPARISON 2015 WITH 1981 2010 Austrian Phenological Mirror http://www.phenowatch.at/wissenschaft/phaenologiespiegel.html Slide 15
AUSTRIA: APPLE FIRST FLOWERING 1944 2015
SWITZERLAND: COMPARISON 2015 WITH 1981 2010 Swiss Pheno SpringIndex www.meteoschweiz.admin.ch/home/klima/gegenwart/phaenologie-und-pollen/fruehlingsindex.html Slide 17
FULL SPRING IN EUROPE: MALUS domestica 1931-1937 start of flowering Apple starts to flower before March 21st in the Mediterranean areas and reaches Scandinavia after June 19th: so it takes 90 days for full spring to cross Europe from the South to the North. Schnelle, F., 1965: Beiträge zur Phänologie Europas. Ber. Dt. Wetterdienst 14 Slide 18
FULL SPRING IN D-A-CH: 1931-1937 MALUS domestica start of flowering. 0510-20. 0420-30. 0501-10. 0501-10. 0430-0510. 0420-30 In D-A-CH in the period 1931-1937 the average start of apple flowering in the D-A-CH region was first observed in the Eastern and South Eastern parts of Austria and in the Rhine Valley between Basel and Essen: 20.04. and 30.04. That is about ten days later than in 2015 a normal year compared with 1981-2010 Slide 19 Schnelle, F., 1965: Beiträge zur Phänologie Europas. Ber. Dt. Wetterdienst 14
PEP 725: MONITORING OF SPRING PHENOLOGY 2015 Elisabeth.Koch@zamg.ac.at https://www.facebook.com/groups/pep725 follow @pep725 www.pep725.eu Slide 22