THE ANCIENT CHINESE STATE
CHINESE NEOLITHIC
8000-4500 BC CHINESE NEOLITHIC Village farmers (millet & rice). Distinct difference between northern and southern Neolithic traditions - specifically in the domain of subsistence and crops. 4
NORTHERN NEOLITHIC
MILLET
u YANGSHAO v CISHAN/PEILIGANG
u YANGSHAO v CISHAN/PEILIGANG
YANGSHAO CULTURE
u YANGSHAO v CISHAN/PEILIGANG
CISHAN CULTURE
CISHAN (TYPE SITE) u HOUSES WERE ROUND AND SEMI-SUBTERRANEAN v THE SITE SHOWED EVIDENCE OF DOMESTICATED PIGS, DOGS AND CHICKENS - PIGS PROVIDED THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF MEAT w NUMEROUS LARGE STORAGE PITS USED TO STORE MILLET
CISHAN (TYPE SITE) u HOUSES WERE ROUND AND SEMI-SUBTERRANEAN v THE SITE SHOWED EVIDENCE OF DOMESTICATED PIGS, DOGS AND CHICKENS - PIGS PROVIDED THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF MEAT w NUMEROUS LARGE STORAGE PITS USED TO STORE MILLET
CISHAN (TYPE SITE) u HOUSES WERE ROUND AND SEMI-SUBTERRANEAN v THE SITE SHOWED EVIDENCE OF DOMESTICATED PIGS, DOGS AND CHICKENS - PIGS PROVIDED THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF MEAT w NUMEROUS LARGE STORAGE PITS USED TO STORE MILLET
CISHAN (TYPE SITE) u HOUSES WERE ROUND AND SEMI-SUBTERRANEAN v THE SITE SHOWED EVIDENCE OF DOMESTICATED PIGS, DOGS AND CHICKENS - PIGS PROVIDED THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF MEAT w NUMEROUS LARGE STORAGE PITS USED TO STORE MILLET
PEILIGANG CULTURE
SOUTHERN NEOLITHIC
RICE
u HEMUDU v PENGDOUSHAN
u HEMUDU v PENGDOUSHAN
HEMUDU CULTURE
HEMUDU CULTURE u LONG, STILTED HOUSES v DOMESTICATED PIGS, AND DOGS - ALSO PRACTICED EXTENSIVE HUNTING OF DEER AND SOME WILD WATER BUFFALO w CLEAR EVIDENCE OF EARLY DOMESTICATED RICE
HEMUDU CULTURE u LONG, STILTED HOUSES v DOMESTICATED PIGS, AND DOGS - ALSO PRACTICED EXTENSIVE HUNTING OF DEER AND SOME WILD WATER BUFFALO w CLEAR EVIDENCE OF EARLY DOMESTICATED RICE
HEMUDU CULTURE u LONG, STILTED HOUSES v DOMESTICATED PIGS, AND DOGS - ALSO PRACTICED EXTENSIVE HUNTING OF DEER AND SOME WILD WATER BUFFALO w CLEAR EVIDENCE OF EARLY DOMESTICATED RICE
HEMUDU CULTURE u LONG, STILTED HOUSES v DOMESTICATED PIGS, AND DOGS - ALSO PRACTICED EXTENSIVE HUNTING OF DEER AND SOME WILD WATER BUFFALO w CLEAR EVIDENCE OF EARLY DOMESTICATED RICE
u HEMUDU v PENGDOUSHAN
PENGDOUSHAN CULTURE
PENGDOUSHAN CULTURE u TYPE SITE IS THE EARLIEST PERMANENTLY SETTLED VILLAGE YET DISCOVERED IN CHINA v EARLIEST DOMESTICATED RICE DATES TO 8200-7800 BCE w LARGE SITES (3HA) WERE OFTEN ENCIRCLED BY A DITCH
PENGDOUSHAN CULTURE u TYPE SITE IS THE EARLIEST PERMANENTLY SETTLED VILLAGE YET DISCOVERED IN CHINA v EARLIEST DOMESTICATED RICE DATES TO 8200-7800 BCE w LARGE SITES (3HA) WERE OFTEN ENCIRCLED BY A DITCH
PENGDOUSHAN CULTURE u TYPE SITE IS THE EARLIEST PERMANENTLY SETTLED VILLAGE YET DISCOVERED IN CHINA v EARLIEST DOMESTICATED RICE DATES TO 8200-7800 BCE w LARGE SITES (3HA) WERE OFTEN ENCIRCLED BY A DITCH
PENGDOUSHAN CULTURE u TYPE SITE IS THE EARLIEST PERMANENTLY SETTLED VILLAGE YET DISCOVERED IN CHINA v EARLIEST DOMESTICATED RICE DATES TO 8200-7800 BCE w LARGE SITES (3HA) WERE OFTEN ENCIRCLED BY A DITCH
LATE NEOLITHIC
u LIANGZHU v LONGSHAN
u LIANGZHU v LONGSHAN
3300-2200 BC LIANGZHU CULTURE Late Neolithic culture. Paddy rice cultivation and evidence of aquaculture. Regional trade center. Evidence of marked social inequality. 43
CONG & BI
u LIANGZHU v LONGSHAN
2700-2000 BC LONGSHAN CULTURE Emergence of larger urban centers. Very distinctive ceramic tradition. Distinct (and highly developed) traditions of divination. Emergence of longstanding elite traditions 53
LONGSHAN ELITE TRADITIONS Regional Longshan variations formed an interaction sphere in which elites struggled to emulate and surpass one another by acquiring newly established trappings of power status. 59
EMERGENCE OF THE STATE
u EGYPT: A SINGLE UNIFIED STATE v MESOPOTAMIA: RELATIVELY SMALL NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT CITY STATES (SOMETIMES UNIFIED) w HARAPPA: MANY MEDIUM AND LARGE CITIES DOMINATED POLITICALLY BY A SMAL NUMBER OF POWERFUL URBAN CENTERS x CHINA: REGIONALLY DEFINED DYNASTIC KINGDOMS IN ALMOST CONSTANT CONFLICT
u EGYPT: A SINGLE UNIFIED STATE v MESOPOTAMIA: RELATIVELY SMALL NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT CITY STATES (SOMETIMES UNIFIED) w HARAPPA: MANY MEDIUM AND LARGE CITIES DOMINATED POLITICALLY BY A SMAL NUMBER OF POWERFUL URBAN CENTERS x CHINA: REGIONALLY DEFINED DYNASTIC KINGDOMS IN ALMOST CONSTANT CONFLICT
u XIA DYNASTY ca. 2700-1600 BC v SHANG DYNASTY ca. 1600-1046 BC
XIA DYNASTY 2700-1600 BC
SHANG DYNASTY 1600-1046 BC 66
THE EARLY CHINESE STATE u NOT A SINGLE CENTER PHENOMENA v PATTERN OF MULTIPLE INTERCONNECTED CORE AREAS OF VARYING SIZE AND IMPORTANCE w THE SHANG CULTURE WAS THE MOST PREVALENT OF THESE AND BEST DOCUMENTED IN THE HISTORIC RECORD
THE EARLY CHINESE STATE u NOT A SINGLE CENTER PHENOMENA v PATTERN OF MULTIPLE INTERCONNECTED CORE AREAS OF VARYING SIZE AND IMPORTANCE w THE SHANG CULTURE WAS THE MOST PREVALENT OF THESE AND BEST DOCUMENTED IN THE HISTORIC RECORD
THE EARLY CHINESE STATE u NOT A SINGLE CENTER PHENOMENA v PATTERN OF MULTIPLE INTERCONNECTED CORE AREAS OF VARYING SIZE AND IMPORTANCE w THE SHANG CULTURE WAS THE MOST PREVALENT OF THESE AND BEST DOCUMENTED IN THE HISTORIC RECORD
THE EARLY CHINESE STATE u NOT A SINGLE CENTER PHENOMENA v PATTERN OF MULTIPLE INTERCONNECTED CORE AREAS OF VARYING SIZE AND IMPORTANCE w THE SHANG CULTURE WAS THE MOST PREVALENT OF THESE AND BEST DOCUMENTED IN THE HISTORIC RECORD
SHANG
SHANG IS BOTH: u ARCHAEOLOGICAL CULTURE v HISTORICAL DYNASTY
SHANG POLITICAL STRUCTURE Shang state centered on the king and royal lineage. Feudal in nature - local elite swore fealty to the Shang King (even as they were at war with each other). Outer regions were under the control of semiautonomous lords. 73
SHANG BRONZE
ORACLE BONES
ORACLE BONES Pieces of shell or bone used during the process of divination. Oracle Bone Script - the script used to incise questions to the gods during the divination process. 79
COLLAPSE?
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