Fractions with Frosting Activity- Fractions with Frosting
Sources: http://www.mybakingaddiction.com/red- velvet- cupcakes- 2/ http://allrecipes.com/recipe/easy- chocolate- cupcakes/detail.aspx http://worksheetplace.com/mf/fraction- worksheets- a.pdf Goals: The students will be able to multiply fractions by whole numbers. Objectives: 1. Given the recipes, the students will multiply the ingredients by two to double the recipes, writing a new recipe with no more than 2 errors. 2. Given the cupcake calculations worksheet, the student will multiply whole numbers by fractions to determine the given frosting and sprinkle variations, with 80% accuracy. Age Level: 4 th Grade Evaluation: This activity is appropriate for fourth graders because they will gain practice multiplying fractions by whole numbers while doing something fun and engaging- baking! Baking and decorating cupcakes for a bake sale will motivate the students to complete this activity. This activity could be adapted to lower level or higher level students by using simpler or more complicated fractions or questions. New York State Standards NYS Standard 3: Students will understand the concepts of and become proficient with the skills of mathematics; communicate and reason mathematically; become problem solvers by using appropriate tools and strategies; through the integrated study of number sense and operations, algebra, geometry, measurement, statistics, and probability Common Core Standards 4.NF- Number & Fractions Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers 4. Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a fraction by a whole number. a. Understand a fraction a/b as a multiple of 1/b. For example, use a visual fraction model to represent 5/4 as the product 5 (1/4), recording the conclusion by the equation 5/4 = 5 (1/4). b. Understand a multiple of a/b as a multiple of 1/b, and use this understanding to multiply a fraction by a whole number. For example, use a visual fraction model to express 3 (2/5) as 6 (1/5), recognizing this product as 6/5. (In general, n (a/b) = (n a)/b.) 28 c. Solve word problems involving multiplication of a fraction by a whole number, e.g., by using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem. For example, if each person at a party will eat 3/8 of a pound of roast beef, and there
will be 5 people at the party, how many pounds of roast beef will be needed? Between what two whole numbers does your answer lie? Materials Pencils Math Journal Worksheets Ovens, bowls, mixers (Home Ec. Room) Ingredients: Flour Cocoa powder Salt Vegetable oil Sugar Eggs Vanilla extract Red food coloring Buttermilk Baking soda White vinegar Butter Milk Baking powder Object of the Activity: The students will work in groups to re- write the given recipes by doubling the ingredients. After baking the cupcakes, they will follow the directions to frost and sprinkle specific fractions the cupcakes for a bake sale. Process: 1. The teacher will ask the students to recall the activity they completed called Cuisenaire chefs. During this activity, they examined the fractions on recipe cards. 2. The teacher will then ask the students why fractions are important in cooking and baking. This will lead to a brief discussion about the importance of accuracy. 3. The teacher will explain that they are going to bake cupcakes for their class bake sale, but there are specific instructions that they must follow. 4. The students will be divided into three groups and each group will be given a cupcake recipe. 5. First, each group must double their recipe, so that the class will bake a total of 80 cupcakes. 6. The students will each complete the multiplication and then discuss their answers with the group to find the correct new (doubled) recipe. 7. The students will then complete the Cupcake Caluclations worksheets to determine the amount of cupcakes that they will frost will vanilla, chocolate,
or cream cheese frosting, as well as the numbers that they will put sprinkles on. 8. After the teacher has checked the group s calculations, the students will be ready to bake. 9. The students will bake their cupcakes and then frost and decorate them, following the directions on their worksheets. Some questions the student might ask: 1. How many cupcakes does our recipe make? 2. Can we make a drawing to find fractions? Application: This activity will allow students to practice multiplying fractions by whole numbers. It will build their knowledge, so that they will be able to multiply two fractions and divide fractions. Modifications: Visual Impairment: The fonts on the worksheets can be made larger. Hearing Impairment: The teacher will stand nearby these students as he or she explains the activity. ELL: The students can work with a peer to help them read the directions on the cupcake calculations worksheet. Struggling Learners: Will be aided by their peers in completing the multiplication necessary for the activity. Visual Learners: Can use a drawing to demonstrate and solve their multiplication problems. Auditory Learners: Will benefit from the class discussion and group discussion as they complete the activity. Tactile Learners: Will be engaged through baking the cupcakes and decorating them according to the given fractions. Literature Connection:
Teaching fractions doesn't have to be like pulling teeth! Your students will love these hilarious reproducible stories and follow- up problems that reinforce essential fraction skills: addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, decimals, ratios, and more. Great for reluctant math learners. For use with Grades 3-6. Worksheets: Recipe sheets Cupcake calculations Re- writing a recipe sheet Multiplying fractions by whole numbers Math Journal Math Journal Entry Write your own word problem using the multiplication of fractions. You may use the cupcakes as inspiration! Technology http://www.funbrain.com/cgi-bin/fract.cgi?a1=s&a2=2&a15=1 This game is called soccer shootout and involves the multiplication of fractions. The students can make the problems easier or harder depending on their ability level. Vanilla Cupcakes- Group 1
Ingredients- Makes 12 cupcakes 1 1/4 cups flour 1 teaspoon baking powder 1/8 teaspoon kosher salt 7 tablespoons unsalted butter, at room temperature 3/4 cup sugar 2 large eggs 2/3 cup whole milk 1 teaspoon vanilla extract Preparation Heat oven to 350 F. In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, and salt; set aside. In the bowl of a mixer fit with a paddle attachment, beat the butter and sugar until light and creamy, about 3 minutes. Add the eggs, 1 at a time, stirring after each addition. Add the flour mixture in 2 batches, alternating it with the milk and mixing just until incorporated. Add the vanilla and combine. Divide the batter among 12 cupcake tins with paper liners. Bake until golden, about 20 minutes. Let cool in tins for a few minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely before frosting or decorating. Chocolate Cupcakes- Group 2 Original Recipe Yield 16 cupcakes
Ingredients 10 tablespoons butter 1 1/4 cups white sugar 4 eggs 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 1/2 cups all- purpose flour 3/4 cup unsweetened cocoa powder 2 teaspoons baking powder 1/4 teaspoon salt 3/4 cup milk Directions 1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Grease two muffin pans or line with 20 paper baking cups. 2. In a medium bowl, beat the butter and sugar with an electric mixer until light and fluffy. Mix in the eggs, almond extract and vanilla. Combine the flour, cocoa, baking powder and salt; stir into the batter, alternating with the milk, just until blended. Spoon the batter into the prepared cups, dividing evenly. 3. Bake in the preheated oven until the tops spring back when lightly pressed, 20 to 25 minutes. Cool in the pan set over a wire rack. When cool, arrange the cupcakes on a serving platter. Frost with your favorite frosting. Red Velvet Cupcakes- Group 3 makes 12 cupcakes
INGREDIENTS: FOR THE CUPCAKES 1 cup cake flour 1/4 cup unsweetened cocoa powder 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt 2/3 cup vegetable oil 3/4 granulated sugar 1 egg 1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract 2 tablespoons red food coloring 1/2 cup buttermilk 1/2 teaspoon baking soda 3/4 teaspoon white vinegar DIRECTIONS: FOR THE CUPCAKES 1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Line 12 cupcake wells with paper liners or spray pan with spray with nonstick cooking spray. 2. Sift together cake flour, cocoa powder and salt. 3. In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment, combine oil and sugar until well- blended. Add egg and mix until combined. 4. Turn your mixer down to the lowest speed add vanilla then slowly add in the food coloring. Note:If you are using liquid food coloring, it will take about 2 tablespoons of coloring to get a dark red shade. I used about 1 tablespoon of gel dye to achieve the shade in the photographs. Add the dye slowly and color according to your preference. 5. Add flour mixture alternately with buttermilk in two batches; scrape down the side of the bowl. Continue mixing until just combined, taking care not to over mix. 6. Place baking soda in a small dish, stir in vinegar and add to batter with machine running. Beat for about 10 seconds. 7. Using a medium scoop (about 3 tablespoons), divide batter among between the 12 wells, filling each well about 2/3 full of batter. Bake for 20-24 minutes or until a toothpick inserted comes out clean. Be careful not to over bake. Name Cupcake Calculations
Vanilla Cupcakes! After doubling your recipe, you have cupcakes! Write the multiplication problem to complete the following calculations: 1. Frost 3/4 of these cupcakes with vanilla frosting. Multiplication problem: Solution: vanilla frosted cupcakes A. Put sprinkles on 1/3 of the cupcakes. Multiplication Problem: Solution: vanilla frosting with sprinkles B. The rest should be left without sprinkles. Solution: vanilla frosting with no sprinkles 2. Frost 1/4 of them with chocolate frosting Multiplication Problem: Solution: chocolate frosted cupcakes A. Put sprinkles on 2/3 of the chocolate cupcakes. Problem: Solution: chocolate frosting with sprinkles B. The rest of the chocolate frosted cupcakes should have no sprinkles. Solution: chocolate frosting without sprinkles Name Cupcake Calculations
Chocolate Cupcakes! After doubling your recipe, you have cupcakes! Write the multiplication problem to complete the following calculations: 1. Frost 3/8 of these cupcakes with vanilla frosting. Multiplication problem: Solution: vanilla frosted cupcakes A. Put sprinkles on 5/6 of the vanilla frosted cupcakes. Multiplication Problem: Solution: vanilla frosting with sprinkles B. The rest should be left without sprinkles. Solution: vanilla frosting with no sprinkles 2. Frost 5/8 of them with chocolate frosting Multiplication Problem: Solution: chocolate frosted cupcakes C. Put sprinkles on 3/4 of the chocolate cupcakes. Problem: Solution: chocolate frosting with sprinkles D. The rest of the chocolate frosted cupcakes should have no sprinkles. Solution: chocolate frosting without sprinkles Name Cupcake Calculations Red Velvet Cupcakes!
After doubling your recipe, you have cupcakes! Write the multiplication problem to complete the following calculations: 1. Frost 1/6 of these cupcakes with vanilla frosting. Multiplication problem: Solution: vanilla frosted cupcakes A. Put sprinkles on 1/2 of the cupcakes. Multiplication Problem: Solution: vanilla frosting with sprinkles B. The rest should be left without sprinkles. Solution: vanilla frosting with no sprinkles 2. Frost 5/6 of them with cream cheese frosting Multiplication Problem: Solution: cream cheese frosted, red velvet cupcakes C. Put sprinkles on 1/4 of the cream cheese frosted cupcakes. Problem: Solution: cream cheese frosting with sprinkles D. The rest of the cream cheese frosted cupcakes should have no sprinkles. Solution: cream cheese frosting without sprinkles Name Group
Re-writing a Recipe Ingredient Amount from Original Recipe Doubled amount for new recipe Name
Math Journal Entry Write your own word problem using the multiplication of fractions. You may use the cupcakes as inspiration! Draw a picture to illustrate the solution