John Buchan Middle School Science Test Revision 6B Microorganisms 23 min 22 marks Name John Buchan Middle School 1
Level 4 1. Space station (a) Class 6F has been watching a programme about the International Space Station. Astronauts live in the space station for many months. Each day they spend two hours on exercise machines. (This photograph has been reproduced by kind permission of NASA.) Why do astronauts need to exercise while they are in the space station?... (b) The astronauts are not allowed to eat bread or crackers because the crumbs float around the space station. On Earth, crumbs fall down. Why do crumbs fall down to the ground on Earth? Write about a force in your answer....... John Buchan Middle School 2
(c) Food that astronauts take into space has been dried to remove air and water. This stops micro-organisms growing on the food. Write true or false next to each statement about their food. Dried food is better than fresh food to take into space because it... True or false? weighs more.... decays more slowly.... (d) The astronauts investigate plants in the space station. The plants grow in a special jelly instead of soil. The jelly contains the things plants need to grow. What things from the jelly do the plants need to take in through the roots? Tick ONE box. water and light nutrient and air water and nutrients air and water (e) The roots of plants take in some things the plants need to grow. Describe another function of the roots.... John Buchan Middle School 3
2. Making bread (a) Dan is making bread. This is how he does it. Mix flour, yeast, sugar and water to make dough. Leave dough for half an hour. Cook dough in an oven to make bread. Dan wants to find out why yeast is used to make some types of bread. He carries out a test. He makes one loaf of bread with yeast and one loaf without yeast. Made with yeast leave dough cook dough Made without yeast leave dough cook dough Look at the pictures of Dan s test. What is the effect of yeast in bread making?... John Buchan Middle School 4
(b) Dan wants to know if the water temperature makes a difference to the bread. He sets up a new test using two mixtures. Which ingredients should go in each mixture to test if the temperature of the water makes a difference? Tick as many boxes as you need. Ingredients Mixture 1 Mixture 2 flour yeast sugar warm water cold water (c) The yeast Dan uses is made up of lots of micro-organisms. Write true or false next to each statement below about micro-organisms. True or false? Micro-organisms... are very small.... cannot reproduce.... need nutrients.... can grow.... 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 5
3. Health (a) Which TWO of the following can children catch from other people? Tick TWO boxes. chicken pox flu toothache broken arm John Buchan Middle School 6
(b) Children made a poster about things that can prevent disease. Complete the poster below by writing the TWO correct phrases from the list. Washing hands Not smoking Sneezing into your handkerchief Eating less sugar Taking exercise One has been done for you. 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 7
Level 5 4. Edward Jenner (a) Edward Jenner was a doctor who lived a long time ago. Jenner noticed that people who suffered from a disease called cowpox did not catch smallpox. Smallpox is a disease that can kill people. Picture of Edward Jenner from Senior Biology (1991), King, R.J. and Sullivan, F.M. Pearson Education, Australia. What do we call it when someone notices something important like this? Tick ONE box. an observation an effect an investigation a measurement (b) Jenner carried out a test. He used cowpox to see if it could stop people catching smallpox. He carried out his test on several people. Why did Jenner carry out his test on several people instead of on just one person? John Buchan Middle School 8
(c) A micro-organism causes smallpox. Why do scientists wear masks and gloves when they work with micro-organisms? 7 (d) There are many types of micro-organism. Some can help to prevent or cure disease. Describe ONE different way in which micro-organisms can be helpful. (e) The diagrams below show how three different micro-organisms look under a microscope. A B C John Buchan Middle School 9
Use the key below to help you identify these micro-organisms. Write your answers under the key. Does it have a nucleus? yes no Does it have a tail? Is it covered in hairs? yes no yes no Euglena Amoeba Bacterium Blue-green algae A is... B is... C is... 2 marks 5. Investigating Bread (a) Amanda and Asim measured the mass of a slice of fresh bread. They left it for five days in the classroom. The slice of bread went hard. They measured the mass again. John Buchan Middle School 10
What happened to the mass of bread? Tick ONE box. The mass went up. The mass went down. The mass did not change. The mass disappeared. (b) Explain your answer to part (a). John Buchan Middle School 11
(c) Amanda and Asim investigated mould. They had four identical slices of bread. They put each slice, in a plastic bag, in a different place in the kitchen. They recorded how much mould grew after ten days. place temperature (ºC) breadbin fridge freezer window sill 14 4 4 19 mould growth on bread after ten days Look at the table of results. Where is the best place to keep bread to stop it going mouldy? (d) Describe how the amount of mould which grows depends on the temperature. 2 marks John Buchan Middle School 12