Early People The American Indians Chapter 3
Introduction Utah s History is story of many different kinds of people. The American Indians first arrived in Utah around 12,000 B.C.E., which converts to 14,000 years ago. We know this due to archaeologists who study Prehistoric people. Archaeologists are scientists who studies artifacts to learn about early people.
Continue Prehistoric means before written history. Artifacts are a handmade object displaying the characteristic of an earlier time or culture. Archaeologists study artifacts to learn about early people. Some examples of artifacts could be a clay figurine, a basket, or a child s toy.
Continue The early people left other evidence behind such as petroglyphs. Petroglyphs are a carving on a rock. Prehistoric also means that the people who lived during this time no longer exist. Without any written history, it makes it difficult to say this is exactly how the people lived and what they were thinking and doing during their time.
Continue Many different groups of the early people moved in and out of Utah. Migration refers to moving from place to place in search of food and warmth. Many Indian groups moved around a lot to gather plants and hunt. The earliest people were hunter-gatherers.
Paleo-Indians The first prehistoric group to arrive in Utah was the Paleo- Indians. They arrived in Utah around 12,000 B.C. The Paleo-Indians were known as the ancient hunter-gatherers.
Paleo-Indians They followed animals wherever they went and killed them for food. They also gathered seeds, nuts, and other wild plants to eat. Because they moved around for food, they never settled in one place very long.
Archaic The second prehistoric group to arrive in Utah was the Archaic Indians. They arrived in Utah around 5,000 B.C. They were more advanced hunter-gatherers who live here longer than any other group, which was about 6,400 years.
Archaic The Archaic Indians made all kinds of baskets to sort and carry their dry food, and jug-like baskets to carry their water. One weapon they used was called the atlatl. The atlatl made hunting easier because it made a spear fly farther.
Anasazi The third prehistoric group to arrive in Utah was the Anasazi Indians. They arrived in Utah around 300 B.C. The Anasazi were prehistoric Indians who built homes in the sides of cliffs. The Anasazi people made baskets, necklaces, and pottery.
Anasazi The Anasazi were not just huntergatherers, but they also grew corn, beans, squash, and cotton. They built small dams and reservoirs to help water their crops during a drought. Again, some early Indians farmed.
Fremont The fourth prehistoric group to arrive in Utah was the Fremont Indians. They arrived in Utah around A.D. 400. The Fremont people were prehistoric Indians who were mostly farmers and lived in pit houses. The Fremont s spread over much of Utah.
Fremont They had diverse lifestyles. They were Desert Gatherers who took on some of the ways of the Anasazi. Having a more permanent lifestyle meant they had plenty of time to themselves. They made jewelry, figurines, and other objects for decorations just like the Anasazi. They lived in pit houses.
Early People After exploring many prehistoric sites, archaeologists determine that the early people were a spiritual people. The early people must have had some form of religion due to the way they buried their people.
Historic tribes Now let s learn about the five Historic tribes. Historic means we do have a written history about them and they all still exist today. 4 of the 5 tribes all entered Utah relatively at the same time. The Ute s, Shoshone, Goshute, and Paiute all arrived in Utah around A.D. 1100.
Historic tribes The Navajos arrived in Utah around A.D. 1620. Until the Spanish explorers came, everything the Indians had and used they made from things they found in nature.
Historic tribes Most of the Indians lives were spent getting and preparing food. Things that were important to the Indians and their way of life were the climate, plant life, and animal life.
Historic tribes The Ute s is Utah s largest modern Indian group and live in tepees. The Shoshone lived in the northern region of Utah in tepees. The Goshutes lived in wicki-up and were sometimes called Root- Diggers.
Historic tribes The Paiutes lived in wicki-up as a summer shelter and lived in mountain caves in the winter. The Navajos live in the four corners region and lived in Hogan s.
The End Jeopardy is Tuesday! The Test is next Wednesday! September 24, 2014 Parent Teacher Conference