Platina Your insurance against cracking of cherry
Composition Foliar fertilizer (nitrogen N) based on tryptophan, a plant specific amino acid Different from other amino acid fertilizers Single amino acid (no chain) Very small molecule CH 2 CH COOH NH 2 Very fast uptake Only tryptophan (50 g/l) N H
Different formulations! Platina 50 : standard 50 g/l Platina 33 : Netherlands 33 g/l Platina 75 : Spain 75 g/l Doses in this document Platina 50! Conversion factors 1,0 l/ha Platina 50 = 1,5 l/ha Platina 33 1,0 l/ha Platina 50 = 0,67 l/ha Platina 75
Reduction of cracking of cherries
Background cracking of cherry Why do cherries crack? Osmosis and root pressure Platina acts against both! The peel of a cherry is comparable to a balloon From the beginning of color change (approx. 1 month before harvest) the fruit gets bigger and the peel thinner and thinner The higher the elasticity, the less cracked cherries
Mode of action Platina Platina Cell elongation Increase of the elasticity of the fruit peel Reduction of cracking of cherries
Use of Platina on cherry Dose: 1,0 to 1,5 l/ha standard orchard Early application thicker peel 1,5 l/ha Late application thinner peel 1,0 l/ha Only when rain is forecasted Early cracking varieties: start treatments from the beginning of color change (approx. 20 days before harvest), max. 3 treatments Late cracking varieties : treat ± 10 days before harvest, repeat 1x in case of a lot of rainfall
Influence on cracking 60 Control Platina 50 40 30 20 10 0 2002 MVG Schneiders 2 x 1 l/ha 2003 MVG Br.Bigareau 3 x 1 l/ha 2003 PCF-PPS Sweetheart 2 x 1 l/ha MVG = Ministry of the Flemish Community PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit
Influence on cracking 30 Control Platina 25 20 15 10 5 0 2004 PCF-PPS Sylvia 2 x 1 l/ha 2004 MVG Lapins 3 x 1 l/ha 2004 MVG Sunburst 2 x 1 l/ha 2004 MVG Sweetheart 1 x 1 l/ha 2004 MVG Sweetheart 1 x 1,5 l/ha 2004 MVG Sweetheart 1 x 2 l/ha MVG = Ministry of the Flemish Community PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit
Promoting the maturation of cherries
Influence on maturation Multiple treatments with Platina lead to early maturation The cherries are bigger and have more sugars Because of the bigger fruit size, the chance of cracking increases Treatments with Platina should be repeated till harvest! Treated cherries should be harvested earlier!
Influence on fruit size 11,5 Control Platina 11 10,5 10 9,5 10,9 11,2 9 9,4 9,8 8,5 2003 PCF-PPS Sweetheart 2 x 1 l/ha 2004 PCF-PPS Sylvia 2 x 1 l/ha PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit
Influence on sugar content 19 Control Platina 18 17 16 17,1 17,4 17,7 18,5 15 15,1 15,8 14 2003 PCF-PPS Sweetheart 2 x 1 l/ha 2005 PCF-PPS Sweetheart 2 x 1,5 l/ha 2005 PCF-PPS Schneiders 3 x 1,5 l/ha PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit
Trial results
Platina France 2009 Variety : Fertille Platina : 4 x 1,5 l/ha 120 100 % Cracked - unmarketable Cracked - marketable Class I fruit 13,1 10,8 80 60 22 17,1 40 20 64,9 72,1 0 Control Platina La SEFRA
Platina France 2009 Variety : Fertille Platina : 4 x 1,5 l/ha 20 18 16 14 Control Platina 12 17,5 18,3 10 8 12,2 12,9 6 Fruit weight (g) Sugar content ( brix) La SEFRA
Platina Hungary 2009 Variety : Germersdorfi orias Treatment dates Platina : 03/06-10/06 Harvest : 17/06 35 C mm 28 30 24 25 20 20 16 15 12 10 8 5 4 0 0 Rainfall (mm) Tmax ( C) Agricultural Office of Budapest and Pest County
Platina Hungary 2009 Variety : Germersdorfi orias Treatment dates Platina : 03/06-10/06 Harvest : 17/06 4 3 2 1 0 Control Platina 2 x 1,0 l/ha Platina 2 x 1,5 l/ha Better to apply 1,5 l/ha for the early application(s), certainly when a lot of rain is forecasted Agricultural Office of Budapest and Pest County
20 Platina Spain 2009 Variety : Brooks Treatment dates Platina : 21/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 25/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 30/04 (1,0 l/ha) Harvest : 12/05 16 12 8 4 0 Control Platina Only limited effect of Platina on cracking Hardly any rain in the weeks before harvest 12 days between the last treatment and harvest = too long! IRTA (Lleida field station)
Platina Spain 2009 Variety : Brooks Treatment dates Platina : 21/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 25/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 30/04 (1,0 l/ha) Harvest : 12/05 Sugar content ( brix) Firmness (Durofel index) Color (Ctifl code) Fruit diameter (mm) Control 19,3 54,7 3,6 31,9 Platina 20,8 56,3 4,3 31,9 Fruits treated with Platina have a higher sugar content and a darker red color IRTA (Lleida field station)
Platina Spain 2010 Variety : Sunburst Treatment dates Platina : 01/06 (1,5 l/ha) - 07/06 (1,5 l/ha) - 12/06 (1,0 l/ha) Harvest : 17/06 Sugar content ( brix) Firmness (Durofel index) Color (Ctifl code) Fruit diameter (mm) Fruit weight (g) Control 16,1 62,8 3,2 31,1 13,0 Platina 16,9 61,4 3,5 31,7 13,9 Fruits treated with Platina are more mature and should be harvested earlier IRTA (Lleida field station)
30 25 20 Platina Spain 2011 Variety : Lapins Platina : 3 x 1,0 l/ha (26/05, 02/06, 07/06) Harvest : 15/06 Control Platina 15 10 27,8 29,2 5 9 9,4 9,2 10,7 0 Fruit cracking (%) Fruit diameter (mm) Fruit weight (g) Comparable % of fruit cracking, but significantly higher fruit size and weight Normaly more cracking when size is bigger Platina gives bigger fruits without more cracking IRTA (Lleida field station)
Platina Spain 2011 Variety : Lapins Platina : 3 x 1,0 l/ha (26/05, 02/06, 07/06) Harvest : 15/06 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Fruit size grading (%) Control Platina < 28 mm 28-30 mm 30-32 mm > 32 mm Better fruit size significantly more cherries > 30 mm IRTA (Lleida field station)
Platina Spain 2011 12 10 Variety : Sweetheart Platina : 4 x 1,0 l/ha (26/05, 02/06, 07/06, 17/06) Harvest : 21/06 Control Platina 8 6 4 2 6,1 3,7 8,9 9,5 0 Fruit cracking (%) Less fruit cracking Fruit weight (g) Same fruit size, but higher density higher fruit weight IRTA (Lleida field station)
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 Poznan University of Life Sciences
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 Poznan University of Life Sciences
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 20 16 12 8 4 0 Control Platina Significantly less cracked cherries at harvest Poznan University of Life Sciences
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 11,4 Control 13,1 Platina Significantly higher marktable yield Poznan University of Life Sciences
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 25 Control Platina 20 15 10 21,4 21,9 5 0 5,7 Fruit weight (g) 6,0 Fruit diameter (mm) Slightly higher fruit size and weight Poznan University of Life Sciences
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 Object Fruit firmness (G) Fruit color L a b Control 112,2 27,7 7,6 2,4 Platina 117,7 27,7 8,7 2,0 Higher fruit firmness and darker red color Poznan University of Life Sciences
Platina Poland 2012 Variety : English Morello sour cherry Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07) Harvest : 20/07 Object Total Soluble Solids (TSS, %) Titratable Acidity (TA, %) TSS/TA Control 11,75 1,43 8,20 Platina 12,05 1,41 8,54 Higher sugar content advanced maturity Poznan University of Life Sciences
Key points - cherry Don t mix with other cracking products Maximum 3 treatments Maximum 1,0 to 1,5 L/ha per treatment Treat before the rain! Repeated applications of Platina influence maturation => harvest cherries earlier