University Teaching Trust Phosphate Additives Ladywell Building Dietitian 0161 206 4255 All Rights Reserved 2018. Document for issue as handout.
What is Phosphate? Phosphate is a mineral that comes from food and drink. Your kidneys help to control the levels of phosphate in your body and it is needed to help keep your teeth, bones, heart and blood vessels healthy. Phosphate levels can build up in your blood when your kidneys do not work properly. Too much phosphate in your blood can lead to weakening of your bones and a build up of calcium deposits in your blood vessels. Ask your doctor, dietitian or nurse what your phosphate levels are. Your dietitian may have talked to you about foods that are naturally high in phosphate (such as cheese, milk, nuts) and how these can be kept to a minimum. Your gut absorbs about half of the phosphate found naturally in food. Phosphate Additives Manufacturers are increasingly adding phosphate to lots of different foods. This means you could be eating more phosphate than you realise. Nearly half of your daily phosphate intake comes from phosphate additives and almost all of this is absorbed by the body. Phosphate additives therefore have more effect on the levels in your blood than that from natural sources. Common reasons for adding phosphate to food include: l To keep food moist l To improve the taste and texture of food l To extend the use by date of food
Lower Phosphate Alternatives Meat Fresh chicken or turkey Homemade chicken nuggets Fresh beef, lamb, pork Homemade beef burgers Try making your own meat balls, bolognese, chilli, curry Fish Plain white fish - haddock, cod, plaice Homemade fish cakes Homemade battered fish Cereals Weetabix, porridge oats, rice krispies Cheese Hard cheese - maximum of 4oz/week Cream, cottage or ricotta cheese within allowance Potatoes & starches Fresh potatoes, homemade chips and roast potatoes (parboil first if on potassium restriction) Pasta / rice / cous cous Bakery Homemade cakes and biscuits Try to avoid recipes using self raising flour and baking powder Drinks Lemonade, Fanta, ginger beer, Lilt, Ribena, Iron Bru, sparkling water, tea, soda water Remember to choose sugar free options if you have diabetes Milk - within half pint (250ml) allowance Foods High in Phosphate Additives - Try to Avoid Processed chicken e.g. chicken nuggets, goujons, kievs Sausages Frozen beef burgers Bacon Ham Salami, pepperoni Tinned meats e.g. spam / corned beef Frozen fish fingers Frozen fish cakes Processed battered fish Cheerio s, Coco Pops, Pop Tarts, Instant porridge Cheese slices or strips Primula cheese Cheese triangles Waffles, oven chips, frozen roast potatoes, potato croquettes, instant mashed potato, potato cakes Cake, biscuit and pancake mixes Breakfast (cereal) bars Tinned or pre-prepared baked puddings Scones, Naan bread, Crumpets Baking powder/self raising flour Cola drinks, Dr Pepper, Oasis, hot chocolate, Ovaltine, Horlicks, powdered milk, beer, coffee, iced tea, drinking yoghurt, milkshakes, energy drinks
Hints and tips for avoiding phosphate additives Choose fresh meat, poultry and fish where possible Choose the best quality meat or fish you can within your budget If using processed meats serve the meal with vegetables and fresh rice, pasta, mashed or boiled potatoes to reduce additional phosphate Use dried rice and pasta rather than buying pre-cooked Cook with fresh ingredients to reduce your phosphate additive intake Try making your own sauces rather than using pre-prepared jars or packets Cook large quantities of meals from fresh ingredients to give you a tasty, additive free meal then freeze the left overs - also saves time and money too! Make your own mash, roast and chipped potatoes and use frozen potato products sparingly Unsweetened juice drinks contain less phosphate additives - remember to limit intake if following a low potassium diet Fast food contains phosphate additives so limit to an occasional treat Food labelling - what to look for to avoid foods with added phosphate Manufacturers are not legally required to state the phosphate content of food on the label but looking out for some ingredients will help you to know which foods contain phosphate additives and should be limited. The name of the phosphate additive may be listed by its full name or E number. Look for ingredients with PHOS in the name. See list below for a few examples: E number Phosphate additive E338 Phosphoric acid E339 Sodium phosphates E340 Potassium phosphates E341 Calcium phosphates E342 Ammonium phosphates E343 Magnesium phosphates E450 Diphosphates E451 Triphosphates E452 Polyphosphates E540 Dicalcium diphosphates E541 Sodium aluminium phosphates E1410 Monostarch phosphates E1413 Phosphated distarch phsophate
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