Famil: Moraceae Taxo: Artocarpus itidus Som: Artocarpus ligaesis Merr. Artocarpus parvus Gagep. Artocarpus sampor Gagep. Commo Name: ma hat hug kwai muk kwai muk Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Assessor Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso: Assessor WRA Score 3 101 Is the species highl domesticated? =-3, =0 102 Has the species become aturalized where grow? =1, =-1 103 Does the species have weed races? =1, =-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appedix 2) 202 Qualit of climate match data (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High high) (See Appedix 2) 203 Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit) =1, =0 204 Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates =1, =0 205 Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? =-2,?=-1, =0 301 Naturalized beod ative rage = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2), = questio 205 302 Garde/ameit/disturbace weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 304 Evirometal weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 305 Cogeeric weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 401 Produces spies, thors or burrs =1, =0 402 Allelopathic =1, =0 403 Parasitic =1, =0 404 Upalatable to grazig aimals =1, =-1 405 Toxic to aimals =1, =0 406 Host for recogized pests ad pathoges =1, =0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas =1, =0 408 Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems =1, =0 409 Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle =1, =0 410 Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad) =1, =0 Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 1 of 7
411 Climbig or smotherig growth habit =1, =0 412 Forms dese thickets =1, =0 501 Aquatic =5, =0 502 Grass =1, =0 503 Nitroge fixig wood plat =1, =0 504 Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) =1, =0 601 Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat =1, =0 602 Produces viable seed =1, =-1 603 Hbridizes aturall =1, =-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic =1, =-1 605 Requires specialist polliators =-1, =0 606 Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio =1, =-1 607 Miimum geerative time (ears) 1 ear = 1, 2 or 3 ears = 0, >3 4+ ears = -1 701 Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked =1, =-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed itetioall b people =1, =-1 703 Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat =1, =-1 704 Propagules adapted to wid dispersal =1, =-1 705 Propagules water dispersed =1, =-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed =1, =-1 707 Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall) =1, =-1 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut =1, =-1 801 Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2) =1, =-1 802 Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r) =1, =-1 803 Well cotrolled b herbicides =-1, =1 804 Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire =1, =-1 805 Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) =-1, =1 Desigatio: EVALUATE WRA Score 3 Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 2 of 7
Supportig Data: 101 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis [Is the species highl domesticated? No] No evidece 102 2013. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. NA 103 2013. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. NA 201 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Mixed forests. Guagdog, Guagxi, Haia, S Hua, S Yua [cultivated i Cambodia, Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Thailad, ad N Vietam]." Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 202 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis [Qualit of climate match data 2-High] 203 1960. Jarrett, F. M.. Studies i Artocarpus ad allied geera, IV. A revisio of Artocarpus subgeus Pseudojaca (cocluded). Joural of the Arold Arboretum. 41(2): 111-140. 203 1996. Schulte, A./Has-Friedrich Schöe, D. (eds.). Dipterocarp Forest Ecosstems: Towards Sustaiable Maagemet. World Scietific, Lodo, UK 203 2013. Nickret, D.L./Barceloa, J./Pelser, P./Molia, J.E./Callado, J.R.. Co's Digital Flora of the Philippies. http://www.philippieplats.org/ [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? Elevatio rage almost exceeds 1000 m] "i evergree ad mixed forest, ad i savaah, to 3000 ft.; Siam, Idochia, souther Chia (Kwagtug, Haia); cultivated, especiall i Toki." [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? Presumabl No] "Artocarpus dadah, Artocarpus itidus, ad Artocarpus rigidus are commo trees especiall i the lowlads ad hills up to 600 m altitude." [Presumabl restricted to lower elevatio, tropical climates] [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? No. Species restricted to low elevatio tropics] "Lowlad primar ad secodar forests, i regios with rather marked dr seasos, 0 150m. Four other subspecies exted from Assam to cotietal SE Asia, S Chia to W Malesia (Sumatra, Peisular Malasia, ad Boreo)." 204 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Mixed forests. Guagdog, Guagxi, Haia, S Hua, S Yua [cultivated i Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Cambodia, Thailad, ad N Vietam]." Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 205 1992. Fl, T./Ragoe, D.. Specime Details for Artocarpus itidus subsp. ligaesis (Merr.) Jarrett [BISH 634527]. Bishop Museum, http://sdb.bishopmuseum.org/5681216e-de32-4bb3-9da8-2c1d15babf3d 205 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI 301 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia 301 2013. Kaeholai, L.. KISC Field Crew Supervisor. Pers. Comm. 09 Sep 2013. 302 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia 303 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia 304 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia 305 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? No] "USA - Hawaii - Maui - East Maui, Haa District, cultivated the Natioal Tropical Botaical Garde's Kahau Garde." [Sparigl cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads] [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? No evidece] "Locall grow plats belog to subsp. ligaesis (Merrill) F.M. Jarrett, ative from souther Chia throughout Southeast Asia." "Trees are cultivated i Asia for their edible fruit, ad the bark ad roots are added to betel. Kwai muk is said to have bee itroduced to Hawaii aroud 1960 from souther Chia. It is sparigl grow elsewhere." [Naturalized beod ative rage? No evidece elsewhere] [Naturalized beod ative rage? Possibl Yes] "ma be Artocarpus itidus var. ligaesis" "there are lots of seedlig poppig up aroud her home i the Wailua/Kapahi area" [Showig sigs of aturalizatio o Kauai] [Garde/ameit/disturbace weed? No evidece] [Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed? No] No evidece [Evirometal weed? No] No evidece [Cogeeric weed? No. Several Artocarpus species are listed as aturalized, but oe are regarded as a serious agricultural or evirometal weed] Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 3 of 7
401 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Produces spies, thors or burrs? No] "Trees to 17 m tall. Petiole 0.5-1.5 cm; leaf blade oblogelliptic to obovate-elliptic, 7-15 3-7 cm, thil leather, base Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical cueate to ± rouded, margi etire or irregularl shallowl toothed, apex Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis mucroate to caudate; secodar veis 6-10 o each side of midvei, adaxiall promiet." 402 2003. Fujii, Y./Parvez, S. S./Parvez, M.M./Ohmae, Y./Iida, O.. Screeig of 239 medicial plat species for allelopathic activit usig the sadwich method. Weed Biolog ad Maagemet. 3: 233 241. [Allelopathic? Ukow for A. itidus. Artocarpus heterophllus & Artocarpus altilis tested for allelopathic properties i lab coditios, but icisor activit ot greater tha the mea] 403 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis [Parasitic? No] "Trees to 17 m tall." [Moraceae] 404 1991. Seibert, B./Jase, P.C.M.. Artocarpus J.R. [Upalatable to grazig aimals? Ukow for A. itidus] "Artocarpus chaplasha is & G. Forster[Iteret] Record from Proseabase. Verheij, E. ad Coroel, R.E (Eds). PROSEA a importat timber tree especiall i Idia; its leaves are also used for elephat fodder." (Plat Resources of South-East Asia) Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia http://www.proseaet.org 405 2008. Wagstaff, D.J.. Iteratioal poisoous plats checklist: a evidece-based referece. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL [Toxic to aimals? No evidece] 406 2013. Leblac, L.. Dacie Fruit Flies of Asia- Pacific. Uiversit of Hawaii at Maoa. Museum Cosortium, http://www.herbarium.hawaii.edu/fruitfl/idex.php 407 1991. Saw, L.G./LaFrakie, J.V./Kochumme, K.M./Yap, S.K.. Fruit Trees i a Malasia Rai Forest. Ecoomic Bota. 45(1): 120-136. 407 2001. Haelt, P. (ed.). Masfeld's Ecclopedia of Agricultural ad Horticultural Crops (except Orametals), Volume 1. Spriger-Verlag, Berli, Heidelberg, New York 407 2008. Wagstaff, D.J.. Iteratioal poisoous plats checklist: a evidece-based referece. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL 408 2003. Ze-peg, L.X.C.W./Yao-dog, C.H.T.L./Kea, H.X.C.X./Zhi-ag, W.U.. The Selectio of Forest-fire Resistat Species i Urba Forestr i Pearl River Delta. Joural of Tropical ad Subtropical Bota. 4 DOI: cki:issn:1005-3395.0.2003-04-001:. 409 1987. Ho, C. C./Newber, D.M./Poore, M.E.D.. Forest Compositio ad Iferred Damics i Jegka Forest Reserve, Malasia. Joural of Tropical Ecolog. 3(1): 25-56. 410 2009 owards. Slik, J.W.F.. Plats of Southeast Asia. http://www.asiaplat.et/ [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? Yes] Host of Bactrocera dorsalis ("A major pest of cultivated fruits"). Also a host of Bactrocera raiesis ("A potetial mior pest of breadfruit") [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No evidece] "fruit rather flatteed, 3-5 cm across, shi, gree turig orage, with bright pik flesh, edible i its etiret, but gumm." [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No evidece] "Cultivated i Thailad ad North Vietam for its edible fruits. Bark ad roots are chewed together with betel." [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No evidece] [Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems? No] "Species with moisture cotet 40%, crude fat 20 ad crude ash 5% are cosidered to be fire resistat species" [Icludes A. itidus] [Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle? Presumabl Yes] "Mr K. M. Kochumme of the Forest Research Istitute, Kepog, Malasia has observed Artocarpus itidus ad A. rigidus i ope ad closed forest caop " [Occurs i closed caop forest, so must be shade tolerat] [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios? Ukow] "Mostl o hillsides ad ridges with sad to cla soils." 411 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis [Climbig or smotherig growth habit? No] "Trees to 17 m tall." [Moraceae] 412 1960. Jarrett, F. M.. Studies i Artocarpus ad allied geera, IV. A revisio of Artocarpus subgeus Pseudojaca (cocluded). Joural of the Arold Arboretum. 41(2): 111-140. [Forms dese thickets? No evidece] "...i evergree ad mixed forest, ad i savaah, to 3000 ft.; Siam, Idochia, souther Chia (Kwagtug, Haia); cultivated, especiall i Toki." 412 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Forms dese thickets? No evidece] "Mixed forests. Guagdog, Guagxi, Haia, S Hua, S Yua [cultivated i Cambodia, Thailad, ad N Vietam]." Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 501 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis [Aquatic? No] "Trees to 17 m tall." [Terrestrial] Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 4 of 7
502 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). [Grass? No] Moraceae Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 503 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] Moraceae Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 504 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)? No] "Trees to 17 m tall." [Moraceae] Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 601 2007. Brearle, F.Q./Proctor, J./Nag, L./Dalrmple, G./Vose, B.C.. Reproductive pheolog over a 10 ear period i a lowlad evergree rai forest of cetral Boreo. Joural of Ecolog. 95(4): 828-839. [Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat? No] No evidece 602 1986. Nagata, K.M.. Specime Details for Artocarpus itidus subsp. ligaesis (Merr.) Jarrett [BISH 508664]. Bishop Museum, http://sdb.bishopmuseum.org/c9eb5b62-b55d- 4A8F-BDBE-CF1FE1F9F2E0 [Produces viable seed? Presumabl Yes] "SA - Hawaii - Oahu - Kapalama Heights ear Kamehameha School" "Spreadig tree, 20' ht., 20' crow spread. Leaves coriaceous, gloss gree. Fruits ellow whe ripe, irregularl globose or subglobose, 5-6 cm x 5 6 cm. Flesh red-orage, pleasatl sweet. Seeds 10-15 mm x 8 mm." 602 1992. Staples, G.W./Youg, T.. Specime Details [Produces viable seed? Presumabl Yes] "Cultivated tree ca 30 ears old, edible for Artocarpus itidus subsp. ligaesis (Merr.) fruit. Sap copious, milk; lvs gloss above; frt lump, turig ellow whe ripe, Jarrett [BISH 629192]. Bishop Museum, flesh salmo orage, subacid; seeds pea-sized, oster gra." http://sdb.bishopmuseum.org/d33f28f9-4355- 4A86-94EE-55F7226663EB 603 2006. Haq, N.. Jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophllus. Southampto Cetre for Uderutilised Crops, Uiversit of Southampto, Southampto, UK [Hbridizes aturall? Ukow. Hbridizatio possible withi geus] "Artocarpus heterophllus is a tetraploid ad the somatic chromosome umber is (2) 56 (2=4x=56), hece the basic chromosome umber (x) is 14 (Darligto ad Wlie, 1956; Habib, 1965). Although it is a outcrossig species, it freel crosses with A. iteger. Artocarpus laceaefolius ad A. rigidus are closel liked to A. heterophllus accordig to Kazaki et al. (1997) whereas A. itidus appears to be quite separate. No reports have bee foud o iterspecific crosses ivolvig these species or a clear chromosome couts. However i A. iteger there are both diploid ad tetraploid represetatives." 605 1991. Seibert, B./Jase, P.C.M.. Artocarpus J.R. [Requires specialist polliators? Ukow for A. itidus] "Some species appear to & G. Forster[Iteret] Record from Proseabase. Verheij, E. ad Coroel, R.E (Eds). PROSEA be equipped for isect polliatio, the male heads havig a sweet scet of hoe ad stick polle (Artocarpus heterophllus, Artocarpus iteger). Others are (Plat Resources of South-East Asia) Foudatio, possibl wid-polliated male heads emit o scet but o beig tapped release Bogor, Idoesia http://www.proseaet.org clouds of polle (Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus rigidus). Polliatio requires further stud to show that isects visit female as well as male heads, ad to relate polliatio itesit to fruit size. Geerall ol a few of the flowers i a female head set seed; the remaider exted as the head swells, to form the straps or strigs betwee the seeds i the ripe fruit." 606 2013. Trade Wids Fruit. Butog - Artocarpus itidus. http://www.tradewidsfruit.com/cotet/butog.htm [Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio? No evidece] "Propagatio - B seeds." 607 1985. Primack, R.B./Ashto, P.S./Chai, P./Lee, H.S.. Growth rates ad populatio structure of Moraceae trees i Sarawak, East Malasia. Ecolog. 66(2): 577-588. 607 1998. Masripati, N.. Modellig growth of a tropical rai forest i East Kalimata, Idoesia. PhD Diss. Uiversit of Caterbur, Christchurch, New Zealad [Miimum geerative time (ears)? Ukow] "At Semegoh Forest, mea aual growth rates for Artocarpus species were mostl betwee 1.4 ad 1.9 mm/r, with A. odoratissimus ad A. itidus showig somewhat lower growth rates of 0.9 ad 1.0 mm/r (Table 1)." [Relativel slow growth rates] [Miimum geerative time (ears)? Probabl 3+] "Medium, small, ad other slower growig species" [Artocarpus itidus icluded amog slower growig species] 701 1992. Staples, G.W./Youg, T.. Specime Details [Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil for Artocarpus itidus subsp. ligaesis (Merr.) trafficked areas)? Possibl] "Sap copious, milk; lvs gloss above; frt lump, Jarrett [BISH 629192]. Bishop Museum, turig ellow whe ripe, flesh salmo orage, subacid; seeds pea-sized, oster http://sdb.bishopmuseum.org/d33f28f9-4355- gra." [Stick sap ma aid i dispersal of seeds] 4A86-94EE-55F7226663EB 702 1960. Jarrett, F. M.. Studies i Artocarpus ad allied geera, IV. A revisio of Artocarpus subgeus Pseudojaca (cocluded). Joural of the Arold Arboretum. 41(2): 111-140. [Propagules dispersed itetioall b people? Yes] "...plated for the edible fruit; the bark ad roots are also added to betel." Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 5 of 7
702 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Propagules dispersed itetioall b people? Yes] "Mixed forests. Guagdog, Guagxi, Haia, S Hua, S Yua [cultivated i Cambodia, Thailad, ad N Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical Vietam]... The fruit are edible ad also used mediciall." Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 703 1986. Nagata, K.M.. Specime Details for Artocarpus itidus subsp. ligaesis (Merr.) Jarrett [BISH 508664]. Bishop Museum, http://sdb.bishopmuseum.org/c9eb5b62-b55d- 4A8F-BDBE-CF1FE1F9F2E0 [Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] "Fruits ellow whe ripe, irregularl globose or subglobose, 5-6 cm x 5 6 cm. Flesh red-orage, pleasatl sweet. Seeds 10-15 mm x 8 mm." [Fruits ad seeds relativel large ad ulikel to become a produce cotamiat] 703 1991. Seibert, B./Jase, P.C.M.. Artocarpus J.R. []Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] "Seeds have o & G. Forster[Iteret] Record from Proseabase. Verheij, E. ad Coroel, R.E (Eds). PROSEA dormat period; the germiate immediatel ad are uable to withstad desiccatio." [Seeds of geus ot likel to be spread with other produce due to (Plat Resources of South-East Asia) Foudatio, kack of dormac] Bogor, Idoesia http://www.proseaet.org 704 2003. Wu, Z.Y./Rave,P.H./Hog, D.Y. (eds.). Flora of Chia. Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through [Propagules adapted to wid dispersal? No] "Fruitig scarp red, reddish orage, or ellow, brow whe dr, ± globose, ca. (1.5-)5 cm i diam., flesh, glabrous or Basellaceae). Sciece Press & Missouri Botaical sparsel covered with coarse pubescece; peducle to 5 mm; bracts persistet." Garde Press, Beijig & St. Louis 705 2000. Richter, F.. Structure ad damics of riverie forest vegetatio. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Techische Zusammearbeit (GTZ), Eschbor, Germa 706 1960. Jarrett, F. M.. Studies i Artocarpus ad allied geera, IV. A revisio of Artocarpus subgeus Pseudojaca (cocluded). Joural of the Arold Arboretum. 41(2): 111-140. 706 1995. Visaas State Uiversit. Guide to Raiforestatio Timber Species. Visaas State Uiversit, Istitute of Tropical Ecolog, Baba Cit, Philippies 706 2005. Staples, G.W./Herbst, D.R.. A Tropical Garde Flora - Plats Cultivated i the Hawaiia Islads ad Other Tropical Places. Bishop Museum Press, Hoolulu, HI 707 2000. Hi, H.K./Ladig, E.. A Species Ivetor of Small Mammals for the Developmet of Lajak Etimau As A Totall Protected Area. Pp 120-135 i Proceedigs of ITTO Workshop 2000. Iteratioal Tropical Timber Orgaizatio, Yokohama-Cit, Japa 707 2013. Yag, W./Liu, F./Zhag, S./A, S.. Dispersal ad germiatio sdromes of tree seeds i a seasoal evergree mosoo raiforest o Haia Islad, Chia. Seed Sciece Research. 23(01): 41-55. 708 2002. McCoke, K.R./Ald, Fi./Ario, A./Chivers, D.J.. Selectio of Fruit b Gibbos (Hlobates muelleri agilis) i the Rai Forests of Cetral Boreo. Iteratioal Joural of Primatolog. 23(1): 123-145. [Propagules water dispersed? Possibl] "Mea, maximum ad miimum floodig duratio per ear at stem base of trees species i the surve area accordig to floodig tolerace classes; compartmet A; vegetatio > 10 cm DBH; sample area 8.55 ha" [List icludes Artocarpus itidus - Class 2 = low iudatio tolerace as a rule, the sites are flooded for short periods of up to 20 das/ear with shallow water.] [Fruits ad seeds ma possibl be moved b water durig iudatio periods] [Propagules bird dispersed? Potetiall Yes] "Scarp to 5 cm. across, red with pik flesh, drig brow, velutious; seeds c. 5-12; peducle 1.5-3 X 2 mm., velutious." [Flesh-fruited, ad seeds small eough to be dispersed b local, itroduced avifaua] [Propagules bird dispersed? Yes] "Table 5.Idigeous forest trees recommeded for habitat restoratio/wildlife coservatio with reproductive parts eate b some aimals based o field observatios." [Artocarpus itidus provides food for Bats, birds/bees] [Propagules bird dispersed? Potetiall Yes] " lump multiple fruit 1.5-2" i diameter with ellow, dow-hair ski whe ripe, the flesh salmo-orage ad cotaiig 1-8 pea-sized, hard gra seeds." [Flesh-fruited, ad seeds small eough to be dispersed b local, itroduced avifaua] "Appedix III Some of the plat species cosumed or visited b small mammals I LEWS" [Artocarpus itidus - Visitors / polliators / seed predators = tree squirrel, tree shrews, fruit bats] [Ukow if aimals are dispersers or predators] [Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall)? Possibl] "Fruit tpe, dispersal aget, seed mass, reported fruitig time, moth of collectio ad seed extractio procedure for 66 species from a seasoal evergree mosoo forest i Haia Islad, Chia." [Artocarpus itidus ssp. Ligaesis - Dispersal mode = Aimal. Possible that fruits are carried exterall ad seeds discarded durig pulp cosumptio] [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Presumabl Yes. Icluded i a list of food resources for gibbos]"gibbos (Hlobates spp:) are amog the mai frugivorous primates i Southeast Asia, et little is kow about the criteria b which the select fruit for cosumptio. We studied two gibbo groups for 14 mo i the lowlad dipterocarp forests of Cetral Boreo to determie their selectivit for differet fruit species ad traits. Ideal gibbo fruit were ellow, large, with a juicsoft pulp, thi ski ad available i large crops. Gibbos ultimatel sought seedless fruit, but whe seeds were preset the selected fruit with a sigle, wellprotected seed. Give that few fruit exhibited all the desired traits, we also carried out a multiple regressio usig the selectio ratios of the various fruit species ad their associated fruit traits to determie which traits ultimatel determied gibbo choice. The aalsis was stratified to accout for differeces i fruit availabilit. Selectio was strogest whe fruit were abudat i the forest ad was based o seed width (<21 mm), color (ellow-orage), ad fruit weight (1 5 g). No selectio is apparet whe food abudace was itermediate, but whe fruit were scarce the preferetiall ate larger fruit (6 30 g)." Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 6 of 7
708 2007. Fredriksso, G. M./Daielse, L.S./Sweso, J.E.. Impacts of El Nio related drought ad forest fires o su bear fruit resources i lowlad dipterocarp forest of East Boreo. Biodiversit ad Coservatio. 16(6): 1823-1838. [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Presumabl Yes. Icluded i a list of food resources for su bears] 708 2013. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] Feral pigs could presumabl act as dispersers i the Hawaiia Islads ad other tropical ecosstems i which the have become aturalized 801 1960. Jarrett, F. M.. Studies i Artocarpus ad allied geera, IV. A revisio of Artocarpus subgeus Pseudojaca (cocluded). Joural of the Arold Arboretum. 41(2): 111-140. [Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2)? No] "The tpe sub-species, which occurs i the Philippies, is readil distiguished b the ver small, few-seeded, velutious scarp. The two subspecies placed followig this, ssp. ligaesis, which exteds from souther Chia to peisular Siam " 802 1991. Seibert, B./Jase, P.C.M.. Artocarpus J.R. [Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r)? No] "Seeds have o & G. Forster[Iteret] Record from Proseabase. dormat period; the germiate immediatel ad are uable to withstad Verheij, E. ad Coroel, R.E (Eds). PROSEA desiccatio." [Geus descriptio] (Plat Resources of South-East Asia) Foudatio, Bogor, Idoesia http://www.proseaet.org 803 2013. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Well cotrolled b herbicides? Ukow] No iformatio o herbicide efficac or chemical cotrol of this species 804 2007. Fredriksso, G. M./Daielse, L.S./Sweso, J.E.. Impacts of El Nio related drought ad forest fires o su bear fruit resources i lowlad dipterocarp forest of East Boreo. Biodiversit ad Coservatio. 16(6): 1823-1838. [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Possibl itolerat of fire] "Appedix List of su bear fruit geera/species of trees ( 10 cm DBH) ecoutered i ubured-edge (UBF) ad bured (BF) vegetatio plots (total 7.2 ha), 33 moths after the 1997 1998 fire. A idicates that the geus/species was ecoutered i the plots, a 0 idicates it was abset. Number of plots idicates i how ma of the 0.4 ha plots (9 plots i bured ad 9 plots i ubured edge forest) the geus/species was ecoutered" [Artocarpus itidus abset from bured plots] 805 2013. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets)? Ukow] Prit Date: 9/11/2013 Artocarpus itidus (Moraceae) Page 7 of 7
Summar of Risk Traits High Risk / Udesirable Traits Thrives i tropical climates Naturalizig o Kauai Seeds ma be spread b birds, mammals, ad people Low Risk Traits Despite abilit to spread, o reports of ivasiveess foud Uarmed (o spies, thors or burrs) Edible Fruit Not kow to spread vegetativel Slow growig, ad probabl takes 3+ ears to reach maturit Seeds lose viabilit quickl