Status of Wine-grape Vines as on 31 December 217 Bonita Floris-Samuels tel: +27 21 87 5711 e-mail: floris@sawis.co.za Nadine Uren tel: +27 21 87 577 e-mail: nadine@sawis.co.za
Statistics i.r.o. South African wine grape vineyards over the past 1 years (27 217) Contents 1 Overview 3 Figure 1: Total surface planted to wine grape vineyards in the industry. 3 Figure 2: Total area per wine region (27-217).....5 Figure 3: Distribution of wine grape vineyards as a percentage (%) per wine region (27 and 217)... 5 Figure 4: Percentage (%) white and red wine grape vineyard hectares per wine region (217)......6 Figure 5: Percentage (%) white and red wine grape vineyard hectares Industry (27-217)......... 6 Figure 6: Surface i.r.o. most planted red varieties in the industry (27-217). 7 Figure 7: Surface i.r.o. most planted white varieties in the industry (27-217) 7 Figure 8: Plantings and uprooting i.r.o. red and white wine grape vineyards in the industry (212-217) 8 Figure 9: Age distribution of white and red wine grape vineyards (213 & 217). 8 Figure 1: Age of vines per red variety for 217............1 Figure 11: Age of vines per white variety for 217........1 Figure 12: Age by vines per Breedekloof, Little Karoo, Worcester and Robertson...11 Figure 13: Age by vines per Swartland, Paarl and Stellenbosch.....11 Figure 14: Age by vines per Olifants River and Northern Cape......12 Table 1: Plantings of selected wine grape varieties for 27 and 217. 4 Table 2: Distribution of wine grape vineyard (red & white) per wine region as a percentage (%) and hectares of the total SA wine grape vineyard surface (27-217)... 5 Table 3: Red and white wine grape vineyard distribution per wine region as a percentage (%) of the surface in each wine region (27 and 217)... 6 Table 4: Surface i.r.o. most planted varieties in the industry (27 and 217)... 7 Table 5: Age distribution of vines per wine region per variety group for 217 - % (Excluding Sultana) 9 Table 6: Replacement per hectares per wine region at an annual rate of 5% - 217 (Excluding Sultana)..12 2 Hectares in wine regions according to Wine of origin Scheme....13 3 Rootstock....14 4 Net change of hectares per wine region....16 2
Hectares 1 Overview Total hectares for 217 stand at 94 545 ha compared to 95 775 ha in 216. This represents a decrease of 1 23 ha. Until 26 the total surface showed an annual increase; since then a steady decrease totaling 7 61 ha. Varieties remained relatively constant (Table 1). Chenin blanc and Colombar remain overall the most planted white varieties, followed by Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz as the most planted red varieties. For the period 27 to 217 the vineyard area as a percentage of the total area increased in Breedekloof, Worcester & Cape South Coast regions, while decreasing in the Paarl, Swartland, Northern Cape, Little Karoo and Stellenbosch regions (Table 2). Over the past 1 years there was no significant change in the hectare percentage white and red wine grapes in the various regions (Figure 4). The largest net negative change in red wine varieties occurred in the Stellenbosch and Paarl regions. About 31% of white varieties are older than 2 years, while 44% of red varieties are between 16 and 2 years. Northern Cape, Olifants River, Swartland, Paarl and Stellenbosch regions have the oldest white varieties. The highest age percentage of red varieties occurs in the Olifants River, Swartland and Stellenbosch region. Regarding individual wine grape varieties, Chenin blanc represented 18.8% of the total wine surface in 27, Colombar 11.6%, Cabernet Sauvignon 12.8%, Pinotage 6.%, Chardonnay 8.1%, Shiraz 9.7%, Sauvignon blanc 8.7%, Merlot 6.6% followed by the varieties detailed in Table 4. In 217 Chenin blanc decreased to 18.6%. Sauvignon blanc, Pinotage and Pinot Noir increased over this period. Figure 8 and Table 5 gives an overview of the situation with regard to replacement and age distribution. Notwithstanding this picture, the industry is able to produce large to record crops through improved and adjusted viticultural practices. Ramsey is the only rootstock showing an upward planting trend in most regions, especially in Breedekloof, Olifants River, Robertson and Worcester regions. Total surface planted to wine grape vineyards Industry 14, 12, 1, 12,146 11,957 11,325 11,259 11,16 1,568 1,93 99,68 99,463 98,597 98, 96, 95,775 94,545 94, 92, 9, 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Figure 1: Total surface planted to wine grape vineyards in the industry 3
NO VARIETY 27 217 NO VARIETY 27 217 1 CHENIN BLANC 19,161.25 17,542.92 53 MARSANNE. 2.21 2 COLOMBAR 11,848.91 11,274.94 54 CHAMBOURCIN. 16.87 3 CABERNET SAUVIGNON 13,6.9 1,36.46 55 ALVARINHO/ALBARI. 14.95 4 SHIRAZ (SYRAH) 9,856.1 9,735.26 56 PORT VARIETY 3.13 14.48 5 SAUVIGNON BLANC 8,872.2 9,276.67 57 VILLARD NOIR. 14.38 6 PINOTAGE 6,138.59 6,978.95 58 HARSLEVELU 92.38 14.37 7 CHARDONNAY 8,23.4 6,746.22 59 MEUNIER 6.22 14.23 8 MERLOT 6,718.54 5,459.86 6 TINTA AMARELLA 31.27 13.71 9 RUBY CABERNET 2,469.17 2,223.76 61 RAISIN BLANC 19.3 13.7 1 CINSAUT 2,412.47 1,759.45 62 GRASA DE COTNARI. 12.22 11 MUSCAT D'ALEXANDRIE 2,427.2 1,729.1 63 VIDAL BLANC. 1.2 12 PINOT NOIR 648.4 1,181.72 64 CARMENERE. 8.56 13 SEMILLON 1,137.57 1,118.13 65 PINOT BLANC 21.36 8.48 14 CABERNET FRANC 1,19.47 82.35 66 GRACIANO. 8.38 15 MUSCAT DE FRONTIGNAN (MUSCADEL) 663.88 87.18 67 WINEGRAPE VARIETY 2.35 8.8 16 VIOGNIER 793.36 82.61 68 FLORA. 8. 17 PETIT VERDOT 619.63 75.9 69 MUSCAT OTTONEL 18.38 7.9 18 MATARO (MOURVEDRE) 344.8 483.49 7 GAMAY NOIR 18.83 6.96 19 MALBEC 441.18 458.94 71 KANAAN 33.81 6.8 2 NOUVELLE 343.76 432.79 72 GRUNER VELTLINER. 5.81 21 MUSCADEL (RED) 319.19 46.54 73 ALICANTE BOUSCHET 13.5 5.74 22 PINOT GRIS 92.66 367.7 74 VIURA. 3.64 23 GRENACHE (RED) 113.86 357.91 75 MARSELAN. 3.44 24 VILLARD BLANC 52.8 313.19 76 GRAND NOIR. 3.19 25 ROOBERNET 146.9 268.14 77 TAMIOSA ROMANEAS. 3.1 26 CROUCHEN (CAPE RIESLING) 982.14 242.12 78 HANEPOOT (RED) 2.97 2.77 27 CLAIRETTE BLANCHE 355.5 197.1 79 TOURIGA FRANCA 3.46 2.54 28 TINTA BAROCCA 276.98 193.53 8 AGIORGITIKO. 2.49 29 UGNI BLANC 69.4 157.7 81 BOURBOULENC 2.2 2.2 3 DURIF 8.93 154.2 82 COLOMINO 5.4 2.1 31 WEISSER RIESLING 239.9 146.17 83 VERMENTINO. 2.9 32 PALOMINO (WHITE FRENCH) 427.6 125.71 84 PEDRO LUIS 5.4 2.8 33 GRENACHE BLANC 35.61 119.58 85 WELDRA 18.28 1.99 34 TANNAT 42.5 118.9 86 NERO D'AVOLA (CALABRESE). 1.95 35 CARIGNAN 78.6 114.4 87 GRENACHE (GRIS) 3.23 1.56 36 TOURIGA NACIONAL 79.3 15.55 88 CINSAUT GRIS. 1.5 37 GEWURZTRAMINER 131.57 1.2 89 TINTA FRANCISCA 1.89 1.39 38 TEMPRANILLO 5.29 9.63 9 ARINARNOA. 1.21 39 MORIO MUSCAT 25.41 85.79 91 SYLVANER 1.9 1.9 4 ROUSSANNE 16.34 81.42 92 CORNIFESTO 1.54.98 41 VERDELHO 16.56 75.3 93 RIESLING TROLL..81 42 SANGIOVESE 6.65 7.54 94 PONTAK 4.38.65 43 FERNAO PIRES 183.54 62.9 95 BEOGRADSKA CRNA..25 44 THERONA 113.85 61.83 96 CINSAUT BLANC 7.93.2 45 IRSAY OLIVIER. 56.5 97 VERMINTINO NERO..15 46 BUKETTRAUBE 9.96 49.77 98 SEYVAL BLANC..15 47 EMERALD RIESLING 163.84 45.65 99 PIQUEPOUL BLANC..13 48 SOUZAO 37.4 43.1 1 GRACHEN 2.51.6 49 CHENEL 112.9 32.9 11 BASTARDO DO CASTELLO.3.3 5 BARBERA 47.98 31.88 12 KERNER 2.13. 51 NEBBIOLO 16.88 25.84 13 SCHONBURGER.32. 52 ZINFANDEL 32.97 24.49 TOTAL 11,957.23 94,544.6 Table 1: Plantings of selected wine grape varieties for 27 and 217 4
TOTAL AREA PER WINE REGION (27-217) 25 HECTARE 2 15 1 5 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Figure 2: Total area per wine region (27-217) Wine regions % of total Ha % of total Ha Stellenbosch 17% 17 238 16% 15 252 Paarl 17% 17 414 16% 15 15 Robertson 13% 13 362 14% 12 91 Swartland 15% 14 99 14% 12 892 Breedekloof 12% 12 32 14% 12 941 Olifants River 1% 9 861 1% 9 861 Worcester 6% 6 44 7% 6 472 Northern Cape 5% 5 149 4% 4 123 Little Karoo 3% 2 992 2% 2 344 Cape South Coast 2% 2 326 3% 2 61 Total 1% 11 957 1% 94 545 Breedekloof, Little Karoo, Robertson, Worcester & Cape South Coast 37% 37 386 39% 37 267 Swartland, Paarl & Stellenbosch 49% 49 561 46% 43 294 Olifants River & Northern Cape 15% 15 1 15% 13 984 Total 1% 11 957 1% 94 545 Table 2: Distribution of wine grape vineyards (red & white) per wine region as a percentage (%) and hectares of the total SA wine grape vineyards surface (27-217) 27 217 Cape South Coast Distribution of wine grape vineyards (ha %) per wine region 2% 3% Breedekloof 12% 14% Worcester 6% 7% Stellenbosch 17% 16% Paarl 16% 17% Swartland Robertson 14% 13% 14% 15% Olifants River 1% 1% Northern Cape 5% 4% Little Karoo 3% 2% % 2% 4% 6% 8% 1% 12% 14% 16% 18% 2% 27 217 Figure 3: Distribution of wine grape vineyards as a percentage (%) per wine region (27 and 217) 5
Percentage (%) i.r.o. white and red wine grape vineyard hectares per wine region (217) 1% 9% 8% 7% 25% 59% 29% 9% 59% 38% 62% 28% 35% 46% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 75% 41% 71% 91% 41% 62% 38% 72% 65% 54% 1% % Red White Figure 4: Percentage (%) white and red wine grape vineyard hectares per wine region (217) 27 217 District Red (ha) White (ha) Red (ha) White (ha) Stellenbosch 24% 11% 22% 11% Paarl 22% 13% 21% 12% Robertson 1% 15% 12% 15% Swartland 18% 12% 18% 1% Breedekloof 9% 14% 11% 16% Olifants River 7% 12% 7% 13% Worcester 4% 8% 4% 9% Northern Cape 1% 8% 1% 7% Little Karoo 2% 4% 1% 3% Cape South Coast 2% 2% 3% 3% Total 44% 56% 45% 55% Table 3: Red and white wine grape vineyard distribution per wine region as a percentage (%) of Percentage (%) i.r.o. white and red wine grape vineyard hectares Industry 1% 9% 8% 7% 44% 44% 44% 44% 44% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 45% 6% 5% 4% 3% 56% 56% 56% 56% 56% 55% 55% 55% 55% 55% 55% 2% 1% % 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Red White Figure 5: Percentage (%) white and red wine grape vineyard hectares (27-217) 6
27 Variety Hectares 217 % of total Hectares % of total Change since 27 (Ha) Chenin blanc 19,161 18.8% 17,543 18.6% Colombar 11,849 11.6% 11,275 11.9% -574 Cabernet Sauvignon 13,6 12.8% 1,36 11.% -2,646 Shiraz (Syrah) 9,856 9.7% 9,735 1.3% -121 Sauvignon blanc 8,872 8.7% 9,277 9.8% 44 Pinotage 6,139 6.% 6,979 7.4% 84 Chardonnay 8,23 8.1% 6,746 7.1% -1,484 Merlot 6,719 6.6% 5,46 5.8% -1,259 Ruby Cabernet 2,469 2.4% 2,224 2.4% -245 Cinsaut 2,412 2.4% 1,759 1.9% -653 Muscat d'alexandrie 2,427 2.4% 1,729 1.8% -698 648.6% 1,182 1.2% 533 1.1% 1,118 1.2% -19 Pinot Noir 1,138 Semillon -1,618 Other 9,31 8.9% 9,157 9.7% 126 Total 11,957 1% 94,545 1% -7,413 Table 4: Surface i.r.o. most planted varieties in the industry (27 and 217) Surface i.r.o. most planted red varieties (27-217) Industry 14 12 Hectares 1 8 6 4 2 Cabernet Sauvignon Cinsaut Merlot Pinotage Ruby Cabernet Shiraz Cabernet Franc Figure 6: Surface i.r.o. most planted red varieties in the industry (27-217) Surface i.r.o. most planted white varieties (27-217) Industry 25 2 Hectares 15 1 5 Semillon Chardonnay Chenin blanc Colombar Viognier Muscat d'alexandrie Figure 7: Surface i.r.o. most planted white varieties in the industry (27-217) 7 Sauvignon blanc
Total Plantings and Uprootings (212-217) Industry 6, 5 369 5, Hectares 4, 3, 2, 3 78 4 257 2 82 3 361 2 736 3 969 4 25 2 394 2 95 3 613 1, 1 211-212 213 214 215 216 217 Total plantings Total uprootings Capital maintenance Figure 8: Plantings and uprooting i.r.o. red and white grape vineyards in the industry (212-217) Age distribution (213) Industry 5% 47% 45% 4% 35% 33% 3% 28% 25% 2% 15% 17% 14% 19% 18% 1% 8% 7% 8% 5% % < 4 Years 4-1 Years 11-15 Years 16-2 Years > 2 Years Red White Age distribution (217) Industry 5% 45% 45% 4% 35% 31% 3% 27% 25% 2% 15% 19% 23% 17% 11% 15% 1% 8% 5% 5% % < 4 Years 4-1 Years 11-15 Years 16-2 Years > 2 Years Red White Figure 9: Age distribution of white and red wine grape vineyards (213 and 217) 8
IN WINE REGION AS % OF TOTAL AGE OF VINES TOTAL NORTHERN CAPE OLIFANTS RIVER SWART- LAND KLEIN KAROO PAARL ROBERT- SON STELLEN- BOSCH WORCES- TER BREEDE- KLOOF CAPE SOUTH COAST < 4 Years 7.6 6.3 6. 4.8 6.6 5.4 1.9 5.4 11.9 9.6 4.6 4-1 Years 22.8 13.8 21.9 18. 28.6 19.4 29. 18.1 3.5 25.9 19.8 11-15 Years 26.8 19.8 23.8 27.3 27. 24.6 31.3 26.5 27.3 25.1 51.2 16-2 Years 11.4 28. 9.9 11.1 9. 1.7 8.2 12.6 9.5 9.1 13.4 > 2 Years 31.4 32.2 38.5 38.8 28.7 39.9 2.6 37.3 2.7 3.3 11. Total w hite varieties 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. < 4 Years 4.6 5.2 3.9 3.4 3.4 3.7 7.3 4. 8.8 5.7 5.1 4-1 Years 18.7 24.2 17.6 13.8 2.4 15.4 3.9 12. 34.1 26.6 2.5 11-15 Years 16.9 14.7 1.6 15.1 23. 19.6 13.9 18. 11.7 14.7 4.3 16-2 Years 44.6 41.9 53.3 49.2 36.6 43.2 4.5 46.8 37.9 41.8 3.1 > 2 Years 15.2 14. 14.4 18.5 16.6 18. 7.4 19.2 7.5 11.2 4. Total red varieties 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. Table 5: Age distribution of vines per region per variety group for 217 - % (Excluding Sultana) Age Distribution per Variety Figures 9 and 1 depicts the age distribution of selected varieties. The predominant age of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Shiraz is 16-2 years, with Pinotage between 4-1 years. Regarding white varieties Chenin blanc and Colombar lead with > 2 years, followed by Sauvignon blanc and Chardonnay with 11-15 years. 9
6, 5, AGE OF VINES PER RED VARIETY FOR 217 55% between 16 2 years 54% between 16-2 years < 4 Years 4, 3, 58% between 16-2 years 33% between 4-1 years 4-1 Years 11-15 Years 16-2 Years 2, > 2 Years 1, CABERNET SAUVIGNON MERLOT PINOTAGE SHIRAZ (SYRAH) Figure 1: Age of vines per red variety for 217 AGE BY VINES PER WHITE VARIETIES FOR 217 7, 36% > 2 years 6, < 4 Years 5, 35% > 2 years 4-1 Years 4, 3, 4% between 11-5 years 36% between 11 15 years 11-15 Years 16-2 Years > 2 Years 2, 1, CHARDONNAY CHENIN BLANC COLOMBAR SAUVIGNON BLANC Figure 11: Age of vines per white variety for 217 1
AGE BY VINES PER BREEDEKLOOF, LITTLE KAROO, WORCESTER, ROBERTSON & CAPE SOUTH COAST FOR 217 25 2 < 4 Years > 2 Years 15 1 4-1 Years 11-15 Years 16-2 Years 5 Figure 12: Age by vines per Breedekloof, Little Karoo, Worcester, Robertson & Cape South Coast for 217 45 AGE BY VINES PER SWARTLAND, PAARL & STELLENBOSCH FOR 217 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 < 4 Years > 2 Years 4-1 Years 11-15 Years 16-2 Years 5 Figure 13: Age by vines per Swartland, Paarl & Stellenbosch for 217 11
AGE BY VINES PER OLIFANTS RIVER & NORTHERN CAPE FOR 217 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 < 4 Jaar 4-1 Jaar 11-15 Jaar 16-2 Jaar > 2 Jaar 2 Figure 14: Age of vines per Olifantsriver and Northern Cape for 217 Replacement of wine-grape vines The table below confirms the non-replacement of vineyards. Total Hectares Little Karoo Swartland Olifants River Northern Cape Table 6: Replacement per hectares per wine region at an annual rate of 5% - 217 (Excluding Sultana) Paarl Robertson Stellenbosch Worcester Breedekloof Total white ane red varieties 4727.2 117.2 644.6 493. 26.1 757.5 645.5 762.6 323.6 647. 13. Actual planted 1211.4 27.7 137.1 78.4 26.7 155. 23.4 162.4 138. 231.6 24. Cape South Coast 12
2 Hectares in wine regions according to the Wine of Origin Scheme (detail statistics according to WO available on request) ACCORDING TO THE WINE OF ORIGIN SCHEME 212-217 EXCLUDING SULTANA 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, BREEDE RIVER VALLEY NO ORIGIN CAPE SOUTH COAST LITTLE KAROO COASTAL REGION OLIFANTS RIVER 1, 5, 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Note: Cape South Coast promulgated in 21. Coastal Region includes Boberg Region. 13
3 Rootstock The rootstock mentioned below constitutes 88.3% of the total rootstock in the industry in 217. Rootstock 11/14 and Richter 11 occur most frequently in the Paarl, Robertson and Stellenbosch regions. Ramsey occurs most frequently in the Breedekloof, Olifants River, Robertson and Worcester regions. Ramsey shows a continuous upward trend in most regions. Richter 99 occurs most frequently in the Swartland region, followed by the Paarl and Breedekloof region. 6 ROOTSTOCK RICHTER 11/14 IN WINE REGIONS 13.9% of the total 5 4 3 2 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 1 ROOTSTOCK RAMSEY IN WINE REGIONS 17.3% of the total 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 1 5 14
5 ROOTSTOCK RICHTER 11 IN WINE REGIONS 19.9% of the total 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 5 12 ROOTSTOCK RICHTER 99 IN WINE REGIONS 37.2% of the total 1 8 6 4 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 2 15
4 Net change of hectares per region Northern Cape, Robertson and Olifants River regions constitute the largest net decrease in white wine plantings. 15 1 5 NET CHANGE PER WINE REGION - WHITE 212-217 -5-1 -15-2 -25-3 -35 BREEDEKLOOF CAPE SOUTH COAST LITTLE KAROO NORTHERN CAPE OLIFANTS RIVER PAARL ROBERTSON STELLENBOSCH SWARTLAND WORCESTER 212-13.86-34.12-18.94-33.5 6.1-23.53-28.84-264.94-216.41-74.79 213-25.57-23.16-8.94-217 18.72-127.71-96.59-71.36-253.7 18.56 214-3.89-24.38 65.27-47.42-288.27-192.91-17.12-12.17-62.94 81.45 215-34.6-42.1-87.8-4.37-88.47-139.6-221.15-44.69-17.1-89.83 216-7.41-28.6-91.83-33.83-223.1-127.38-32.27-197.87-111.66-75.22 217-121.16-39.68-12.2-272.48-246.86-137.3-278.93-39.81 -.34-84.16 Robertson and Paarl regions constitute the largest net decrease in red wine plantings. 3 NET CHANGE PER WINE REGION - RED 212-217 2 1-1 -2-3 -4-5 -6 BREEDEKLOOF CAPE SOUTH COAST LITTLE KAROO NORTHERN CAPE OLIFANTS RIVER PAARL ROBERTSON STELLENBOSCH SWARTLAND WORCESTER 212 227.42-5.25-2.15-39.53 14.53-67.29 22.42-26.83-3.91 51.71 213 14.6-16.75-1.86-29.12 44.23-25.49 215.3-195.4 11.27 125.27 214 15.11-2.43-6.19 5.9-98.38-128.93 55.7-254.79-133.57-28.65 215-92.88-7.51-33.38 5.3-37.41-162.5-125.89-11.94-142.69-37.27 216-135.54-13.88-62.54-18.56-16.99-276.66-352.66-491.72-38.9-34.2 217-98.14-29.53-3.75-26.89-123.74-214.25-221.9-113.82-13.42-98.27 16