Tree bearing habits Tree reproductive types Perfect flowers male and female flower parts in the same flower. Separate male and female flowers Dioecious male and female flowers on different plants (pistachio) Monoecious male and female flowers borne on same tree (like walnut) Protandrous male first Protogenous female first Location of flowers Flowers borne terminally in mixed bud on previous year s wood (mixed bud contains both floral buds and axis, example pome fruits (apple, pear and quince)) Flowers borne laterally in mixed bud on previous year s wood (grape, kiwifruit, persimmon) Solitary flowers borne laterally in simple floral buds on previous year s wood(peach, almond, apricot) Multiple flowers borne laterally in compound floral buds on previous year s wood(plums, cherry) Flowers borne on new current season s wood (pomegranate) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 1
What species is this? What species is this? Flowers borne on terminal mixed buds. Can see swollen cluster bases where fruit were borne. Buds are fuzzy What species is this? Flowers borne on terminal mixed buds. Can see swollen cluster bases where fruit were borne. Buds are fuzzy Apple (Malus pumila) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 2
What species is this? What species is this? Flowers are borne terminally in mixed buds. Can see swollen cluster bases where fruit were borne. Buds are smooth. What species is this? Flowers are borne in mixed buds. Can see swollen cluster bases where fruit were borne. Buds are smooth. Pear (Pyrus communis) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 3
Flower buds borne laterally on last year s Flower buds borne lateral to central bud in middle of shoot bud singularly towards the tip of shoot. No or few spurs. Flower buds borne laterally on last year s Flower buds borne lateral to central bud in middle of shoot bud singularly towards the tip of shoot. No or few spurs. Peach (Prunus persica) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 4
Flowers borne laterally on last years Spurs plentiful on 2-yearold Adherent fruit pedicels indicating where previous years crops have been borne. Flowers borne laterally on last years Spurs plentiful on 2-yearold Adherent fruit pedicels indicating where previous years crops have been borne. Almond (Prunus dulcis) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 5
Flowers borne laterally on last years Flowers borne lateral to central bud in middle part of extension shoots Lot of buds on spurs. Orange tinge to Flowers borne laterally on last years Flowers borne lateral to central bud in middle part of extension shoots Lot of buds on spurs. Orange tinge to Apricot (Prunus armeniaca) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 6
Fine extension Two or more flower buds per node. Short spurs. Compound flower buds (not visible though). Striations on bark of older Fine extension Two or more flower buds per node. Short spurs. Compound flower buds (not visible though). Striations on bark of older Japanese plum (Prunus salicina) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 7
Flowers borne laterally on last year s Mostly only one bud per node. Spurs present but not real short. Recent wood with purple tinge. Flowers borne laterally on last year s Mostly only one bud per node. Spurs present but not real short. Recent wood with purple tinge. European plum / Prune (Prunus domestica) 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 8
Flowers borne laterally on last year s Wood quite thick. Many short spurs with many flower buds. Multiple flowers in a bud (not visible though). Flowers borne laterally on last year s Wood quite thick. Many short spurs with many flower buds. Multiple flowers in a bud (not visible though). Sweet cherry (Prunus avium). Additional species English walnut (Juglans regia). An example of a monoecious species. Northern California Black walnut (Juglans hindsii). Another monoecious species. Pistachio (Pistacia vera). An important dioecious species. Pomegranate (Punica granatum). An example of a species with opposite branching and that bears terminally on new 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 9
Bearing Habits Common Name Scientific Name Monoecious or Terminally/Laterally Which season s Dioecious wood? Kiwi Actinidia Dioecious Bear laterally Current season s deliciosa wood Pecan Carya illinoensis Monoecious Bear terminally in mixed buds Current Hazelnut Corylus avellana Monoecious Bear laterally and terminally Last season s wood Quince Cydonia oblonga Perfect Bear terminally in mixed buds Current Persimmon Diospyrus kaki Perfect Bear laterally in mixed buds Current Fig Ficus carica Monoecious Bear laterally Current and last season s wood Black walnut Juglans hindsii Monoecious Bear terminally in mixed buds Current English walnut Juglans regia Monoecious Bear terminally in mixed buds Current Apple Malus pumila Perfect Bear terminally in mixed buds Current Olive Olea europaea Perfect Bear laterally Last season s wood Pistachio Pistacia vera Dioecious Bear laterally Last season s wood Apricot Prunus Perfect Bear laterally; terminal bud always Last season s wood armeniaca Sweet cherry Prunus avium Perfect Bear laterally; terminal bud always Last season s wood European plum Prunus Perfect Bear laterally; terminal bud always Last season s wood (prune) domestica Almond Prunus dulcis Perfect Bear laterally; terminal bud always Last season s wood Peach/nectarine Prunus persica Perfect Bear laterally; terminal bud always Last season s wood Japanese plum Prunus salicina Perfect Bear laterally; terminal bud always Last season s wood Pomegranate Punica granatum Perfect Bears terminally Current Pear Pyrus communis Perfect Bear terminally in Current mixed buds Jujube Zizyphus jujuba Perfect Bear laterally Current Chestnut Castanea dentata Monoecious Bear laterally Current 2_Tree_bearing_habits_DeJong 10