s[lif x/]s If0f x/]s lbg dfq s[lif ;dfrf/sf] nflu www.krishionline.com ;fktflxs @)&$ ;fn j}zfv!! ut] ;f]daf/ 1 jif{ % c #^ @)&$ j}zfv!! ut] ;f]daf/ April. 23, 2017 d"no?=!). s[lifsf] nufgl kf/bzl{ agfcf} +, k/dk/fut xf]og Joj;flos agf} +, s'/fsf] v]tl xf]og, v]tlsf] s'/f u/f} +. s[lif dgqlnfo{ cfly{s k efjdf kfb} {{{{{ km\ofgsf kbflwsf/lx? cfufdl jif{ ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{ of]hgfdf bjfj sf7df8f}+. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] cfufdl cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 tof/l ul/ /x bf ;+:yfut?kdf ah]6 s'dnofp b} cfo{ /x]sf] k'ik Jofkf/Lx?sf] ;+:yf km\nf]l/snr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfnn] s[lif dgql uf}/l z+s/ rf}w/lnfo{ cfly{s k nf]egdf kf/l s[lif dgqfnosf] of]hgf dxfzfvfdf ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{ bjfj lbpsf] a'lempsf] 5. ut aif{ / rfn' cfly{s aif{df u/l s/lj!) s/f]8?k}of s'dnofog ;kmn epsf] ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf?kdf btf{ epsf] ;f] ;+:yfn] ljgf pknawl ;/sf/l 9's'6Lsf] /sddf df]hd:tl ul / /x]sf] 5. km\nf]l/snr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfnnfo{ s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] x/]s aif{ % s/f]8sf] xf/fxf/ldf ah]6 lb+b} cfpkl5 ;f] /sdsf] pknawl vf]hl x'g yfn]sf] 5. ljb]zaf6 km"nx? NofP / ljqml ub}{ cfo{ /x]sf Jofkf/Lx?sf] ;+:yfnfo{ lgoldt?kdf TolQ 7"nf] /sd pknaw u/fpg yfn]kl5 s[lif ljsf; dgqfno leq} g} rsf] { ljjfb klg gx'g] u/]sf] xf]og. t/ glltut?kdf g} df}nfp+b} uo{ /x]s]f e i6frf/ /f]sg] sfddf clvtof/ b'?kof]u cg';gwfg cfof]u r's]sf] 5. s[lif ljsf; dgqfno leq x/]s jif{ glltut?kdf g} s/f]8f}+?k}of e i6frf/ x' b} cfo{ /x]s]f 5. dgqfno leq x'g] u/]sf] glltut e i6frf/sf lj?4 s[lif ;fktflxsn] lgoldt?kdf g} vf]hl ub}{ cfo{ /x]sf] klg 5. km\nf]l/snr/ Pzf]l;Pg;g g]kfnn] sfd g} gu/l s/f]8f}+?k}of s'dnofpsf] ;dfrf/ k sfzg kzrft ;f] ;+:yfsf s]xl kbflwsf/lx?n] s[lif k ltlglwnfo{ wdsofpg] sf]lzz klg u/]sf 5g\. pglx?n] dgqfnodf cfkm"x?n] k'/} ;]l6ª\ ldnfpsf] egb} ah]6 /f]s]/ b]vfpg ;d]t r'gf}tl lbpsf 5g\. /fhosf] 9's'6Lsf] /sddf t/ dfg{ kns]sf km\nf]l\/snr/ Pzf]l;P;gsf kbflwsf/lx?n] sfd gu/l ;/sf/l /sd c;'nb} cfo{ /x]sf] 5g\. o;/l /fhosf] 9's'6Ldf JolQmut n'6 drrfo{ /x]sf km\nf]l/snr / Pzf]l;P;g leq klg ljjfb gepsf] eg] xf]og. cfgtl/s ljjfb / afx\o?kdf b]lvpsf] e i6frf/sf] axz s[lif ljsf; dgqfno leq g} epklg cfufdl jif{ ;f] ;+:yfnfo{ glltut?kdf g} ah]6 ljlgof]hg gug] { ;+s]t b]lvpkl5 km\ofgsf kbflwsf/lx? cqflng yfn]sf 5g\. pglx?n] s]xl lbg cufl8 dfq s[lif dgql rf}w/lnfo{ cfly{s k nf]egdf kf/l cfufdl aif{sf] ah]6df cfkm\gf] ;+:yfsf] gfddf ah]6 ljlgof]hg u/fpg dgqfnosf] of]hgf dxfzfvfdf bjfj lbg nufpsf] >f]tn] atfpsf] 5. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf cg';f/ dgqfno leq glltut?kdf ;]l6ª ldnfpg] sfddf eg] ;f] ;+:yfsf dxf;lrj ldg axfb'/ tfdfª h'6]sf] 5g\. tfdfªn] t cem} s[lif /fhodgql /flwsf tfdfª cfkm\gf] glhssf] gft]bf/ epsf] egb} em'7sf] v]tl ul//x]sf 5g\. ut aif{ klg tfdfªs} ;]l6ªdf of]hgf dxfzfvfsf k d'v ;x;lrj of]u]gb s'df/ sfsl{n] ah]6 /fv]sf] >f]tn] atfpsf] 5. cfufdl cfly{s aif{sf nflu klg ;x;lrj sfsl{s} of]hgf d'tfljs tfdfªn] s[lif dgql rf}w/lnfo{ k efjdf kf/]sf] bfjl 5. ;f] ;+:yfsf cwoif s'df/ s;h' / dxf;lrj tfdfªsf] af]nrfn agb epsf] epklg pkfwoif lblnk jfb]n] b'j}nfo{ ldnfpg] sfd ul//x]s]f Pzf]l;P;g lgs6 >f]tn] atfpsf] 5. Joj;flos s[lif tyf Jofkf/ cfof]hgfdf cfof]hgf lgb]{zs /x bfb]lv g} of]u]gb s'df/ sfsl{; u p7a; ug]{ u/]sf tfdfªn] To;a]nf klg bh{gf} g;{/lx?nfo{ cfof]hgf kfg{ nufpsf lyp. KofS6 cfof]hgfaf6 ljt/0f ul/psf] klxnf] bf]>f] / t]; f] r/0f;ddsf g;{/l kl/of]hgfx? tfdfªs} ;]l6ªdf kf/]sf] / tfdfªn] g} $) k ltzt sldzg a'em\g] u/]sf] KofS6 cfof]hgfaf6 cg'bfg lnpsf Ps g;{ /L Joj;foLn] atfpsf 5g\. KofS6 cfof]hgfaf6 ;?jf ep/ s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] of]hgf dxfzfvfdf cfpsf sfsl{nfo{ km\nf]l/snr/ Pzf]l;Pg g]kfnsf] gfddf ah]6 ljlgof]hg u /fpg ;]l6ª\ ldnfpg] tfdfª\ g} epsf sf/0f clxn] klg dgqfnosf] sfd x]g]{ lhdd]jf/l km\nf]l/snr/ Pzf]l;Pg g]kfnn] pg}nfo{ lbpsf] 5. clxn] s[lif ljsf; dgql rf}w /LnfO{ k efjdf kfg] { of]hgf klg sfsl{n] g} tfdfªnfo{ l;sfpsf] dgqfnon] >f]tn] atfpsf] 5. km\nf]l/snr/ Pzf]l;P;g g]kfnnfo{ sfd g} gu/l /sd lgsf;f ug{ x'gg egb} cfo{ /x]sf s[lif ljsf; dgqfno Joj;fo k j4{g zfvfsf pk;lrj?b >]i7nfo{ ;f] zfvfaf6 ;?jf ;d]t ul/psf] 5. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] dfkm{t Joj;fo k j4{gsf gfddf lgsf;f ubf{ ;f]xl zfvfn] sfd ;DkGg epsf] k dfl0ft epklg dfq lgsf; x'g] ub{5.?b axfb'/ >]i7n] sfd g} gu/l ;/sf/l /sd s'g} xfntdf lbg gdfg]kl5 pgnfo{ cs}{ zfvfdf ;?jf ug' {n] s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] leqsf] e i6frf / cfkm} 5n{ª\ x'g5. clxn] s[lif dgqlnfo{ k efjdf kf/]/ cfufdl cfly{s aif{sf nflu s/lj ( s /f]8 ah]6 km\nf]l/snr/ P;f]l;P;g g]kfnsf gfddf ljlgof]hg ug{ bjfj lbo{ /x]sf] 5. dgql rf}w/ln] klg ;f] k efjdf k /] / ah]6 ljlgof]hg u /fpg] k+lqmdf plepsf] dgqfno >f]tn] atfof]. ljz]if Jo"/f] la=l6=pn\= sdkglsf kfj/ l6n/ tyf ldgl l6n/af6 v]tl u/f} +, sd vr{df ctolws ptkfbg a9fcf} +. Dhobighat, Lalitpur, Nepal (Near to Mega Hospital) Ph.No.01-5153094 Fax: 01-5153209 E-mail: btltradepvtltd@gmail.com/ www.btltrade.com.np
+ ] ] { s[lif ;fktflxs @)&$ ;fn j}zfv!! ut] ;f]daf/ 2 s[lif ptkfbgsf nflu rlgaf6 kf7 l;sg' cfjzos ;/sf/n] s[lif ptkfbstj a[l4 ug{ egb} rfn' cfly{s jif{b]lv k wfgdgql s[lif cfw'lgsls/0f kl/of]hgf ;~rfngdf NofO;s]sf] 5. ;f] kl/of]hgfn] ;j} lhnnfdf cfkm\gf] pkl:ylt hgfpgsf nflu sfof{no ;d]t vf]ln;s]s]f 5 eg] sd{rf/lx? klg sfddf nflu ;s]sf 5g\. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] NofPsf] ;'k/ hf]g, hf]g, ks]6 / Jns rf/ If]qdf ljefhg u/]sf] epklg gfd cg';f/ sfd x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g. x'g t s[lif ljsf; dgqfnodf sfo{/t sd{rf/lx? x/]s jif{ uf]i7l, ;]ldgf/sf gfddf l5d]sl /fi6«rlg e d0fdf hfg] u/]sf] b]lvg5. jflif{s?kdf ;of} + k fljlws sd{rf/lx?nfo{ s[lif ptkfbg s;/l ul/psf] 5 egg] s'/f b]vfpgsf nflu ;fob e d0fdf k7fpsf] klg xf]nf. t/ s] e d0fsf pknlawnfo{ clxn];dd sfof{gjog u/]sf] 5 < ;fob k fljlws sd{rf/lb]lv prr sd{rf/l;ddn] x]g] {, 3'Dg] / /dfpg] sfd afx]s c? s]xl u/]sf 5}gg\. e d0fsf pknlaw ;fj{hlgs ug] { jf cfkm"n] l;s]sf s'/fnfo{ d'n's leq sfof{gjog u/fpg] tkm{ kxn klg u/]sf] b]lv+b}g. s[lif ptkfbgnfo{ cfw'lgsls/0f / Joj;flos/0f ug{sf nflu rlgn] w]/} g} km8\sf] df/]sf] b]lvg5. g]kfnn] klg s[lif Joj;flos/0f / cfw'lgsls/0fsf gfddf ljlegg cfof]hgf dfkm{t cjf} +?k}of nufgl u/]sf] epklg pknawl eg] z'go b]lvpsf] 5. k wfgdgql s[lif cfw'lgsls/0f kl/of]hgf g]kfn ;/sf/s} ah]6af6 ;~rflng kl/of]hg epsf sf/0fn] of] kl/of]hgfn] jf:tljs?kdf s[lif kl/jt{g u/fpg ;lsg5 egg] pb]zo /fvg] xf] eg] s[lif ptkfbstj a[l4 / ;'k/ hf]g, hf]g h:tf If]qsf] ljsf; u/l s[lif ptkfbstj a[l4 ug{ ] Pj+ Joj;flos/0f ug] { cleofgdf h'6\g] xf] eg] rlgn] s[lif ptkfbstj a[l4 ug{sf nflu u/]sf kxn ;f] kl/of]hgfsf nflu pko'qm b]lvg5. jf:tljs?kdf s[lif If]qsf] ljsf; ug] { xf] eg] cjf}?k}of afn'jfdf kfgl em} cg'bfgdf ljt/0f ug] { egbf klg s[lif ptkfbg a[l4 ug{sf nflu dgqfnon] cl3 ;f/]sf] ;'k/ hf]g, hf]g jf ks]6 If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu /fhon] lbg' kg] { ;]jf ;'ljwf Pj+ k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ;d]tnfo{ Vofn ug{sf nflu rlgsf] o'gfg k fgtaf6 w]/} s'/f k wfgdgql s[lif cfw'lgsls/0f kl/of]hgfsf nflu nfebfos x'g5. cfkm\g} ;"rgf g]kfnsf] klxnf] s[lif ;fktflxssf sf kdf k sflzt s[lif ;fktflxsdf tkfo sf If]qdf ep u/]sf s[lif If]q; u ;DalGwt ;"rgf ;dfrf/ jf n]v /rgfx 5g\ eg] xfdlnfo{ lalxaf/leq k7fpg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/g5. ;Dks{ s[lif ;fktflxs, k'tnl;8s Od]n M sajnepal@gmail.com web: www.krishionline.com ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf s[lif ljsf; dgqfno d'n's ca ;+l3o ;+/rgfdf uo{;s]sf] cj:yfdf s[lif k wfg d'n'ssf] s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] ;+/rgf / clg s[lif If]q s;/l cufl8 a9\nf egg] ljifodf ;a}sf] rf;f]sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5. ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf hffbf kz'kg5l ljsf; dgqfnonfo{ s[lifdf g} ;dflxt u/fpg] ;+s]t t cfo{;s]sf] 5. t/ klg s[lif tyf kz'kg5l ljsf; dgqfnon] cfufdl jif{sf nflu ah]6 tof/l ul//xfbf;dd klg dgqfnosf] ;+/rgf s:tf] x'g] / s] x'g] eg] jf/]df cem} 6'ªuf] nfu]sf] 5}g. clxn] d'n'ssf] &% lhnnfdf /x]sf #&* s[lif ;]jf s]gb / kz' ;]jf tkm{sf] ((( j6f ;]jf s]gb df sd{rf/l kl/k"lt{ ug{ ;ls/x]sf] 5}g. of] cj:yfdf cj agg nfu]sf] &$$ j6f :yfglo txdf s[lif / kz' ;]jf tkm{ s;/l sd{rf/l Joj:yfkg ug{] egg] ljifodf b'j} dgqfnon] vf;} sfd u/]sf] b]lv+b}g. clxn] x]g] { xf] eg] Pp6f lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfo{no / kz' ;]jf sfof{nodf $ hgfegbf dflysf] b/agbl l/qm cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5. To;sf/0f s[lif ljsf; dgqfno dftxt s;/l &$$ j6f :yfglo txdf sd{rf/l Joj:yfkg ug] { / s:nfo{ To;If]qdf k7fpg] egg] af/]df clxn] dgqfnodf 5nkmn cufl8 a9]sf] dgqfno k zf;g dxfzfvf ;x;lrj sflz/fh bfxfnn] atfp 5g\. d'n'ssf] cfly{s d]?b08sf?kdf /x]sf] s[lif If]qdf clxn] klg ^^ k ltzt hgtf s[lif k]zfdf ;+nug /x]sf 5g\. ^^ k ltzt hgtfdf ;lqmo /x]sf] s[lifsf] ;+/rgf alnof] epg eg] b]z alnof] agg ;Sb}g To;sf/0f klg s[lif If]qsf] ;+/rgf alnof] agg' h?/l 5. s[lif If]qsf ljsf;sf nflu To;sf] ;+/rgf Pp6f 7'nf] cfwf/ klg xf]. c agg] s[lif ljsf; dgqfno dftxtsf] ;+/rgf s]gb sf] ;fgf] / :yfglo?kdf 7'nf] x'g], s]gb df glltut?kdf dfq sfd ug] { c? ;j} clwsf/ :yfglo txdf g} ;dfj]z x'g] epsfn] cj s[lif ;]jf s]gb dgqfno dftxtsf]?kdf /xg] bfxfnsf] bfjl 5. s[lif dgqfnosf] cfsf/ ;fgf] x'g] epsfn] klg s]gb Lo :t/df /x]sf] s]lx sfd dfq s]gb df /xg] b]lvg5. dnalp cfk"lt{ ug] { sfd s[lif ;fdu L sdkgln] ug]{ x'g ;S5. /fli6«o?kdf gllt lgdf{0f ug] { sfd dgqfnon] ug] {, s[lif tyf kz' ;]jfsf] cg';gwfg g]kfn s[lif cg';gwfg kl/ifb\n] ug]{, s]lgb o cfof]hgfx?, k wfgdgql s[lif cfw'lgls/0f kl/of]hgf, Joj;flos s[lif tyf Jofkf/ cfof]hgf, hnjfo' k sf]k ;d'tyfg lgdf{0f cfof]hgf, cgt/f{li6«o ;DaGwsf s'/fx? klg dgqfnos} dftxtdf /xg] b]lvg5. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnodf ;+3Lo :j?kdf cufl8 a9\g] qmddf ;xsf/l dgqfno, e"ld ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg dgqfno, / kz'kg5l ljsf; dgqfno Pp6} x'g] ;d]t ;+s]t b]lvpsf] 5. o;n] s] b]vfp+5 eg] ;+3Lo :j?kdf dgqfnsf] lhdd]jf/l gllt ut?kdf 7"nf] x'g] epsf] epklg ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ :yfglo txdf w]/} x'g] s'/f 5n{ªu b]lvg5. ;+/rgfsf lx;fjn] klg #&* s[lif ;]jf s]gb sf] :j?k a9]/ &$$ g} x'g] b]lvg5. lsgeg] :yfglo ;+/rgf cg'?ksf] ;j} ufpfkflnsf;dd s[lif If]qsf] kx' r b]lvpsf] 5. xfnsf] ;+/rgf cg'?k x]g]{ xf]eg] s[lif ljsf; dgqfno dftxtdf hddf % xhf/ $$ hgf sd{rf/l ;+Vof /x]sf] 5. To:t} cg';gwfg kl/ifb\df klg nueu b/jgbl! xhf/ * ;o /x]sf] b]lvg5. cjsf] s[lifsf] ;+/rgf, s]gb sf] dgqfno, To;kl5 k b]zdf s[lif ;DalGw lgsfo /xg] 5 eg], dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf / ufpf kflnsfdf s[lif sfof{no /xg] 5. o:tf] cj:yfdf clxn]sf] b/algbn] k'ug] b]lvb}g. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf cg';f/ clxn] epsf] b/agblnfo{ g} ;a} 7fpFdf Joj:yfkgf ug{ xf] eg] klg w]/} g} sd{rf/l ck'u x'g] b]lvg5. t;y{ k b]z / dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf jf ufpfkflnsfn] cfjzos b/agbl hxff ck'u x'g5. ;f]xl :yfglo lw/]gb a:g]t txdf g} goff b/jgbl ;[hgf ug' { cfjzos 5. s]gb df s[lif dgqfno, k b]zdf ljefusf]?kdf :yfglo lgsfodf lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] ub} cfo{/x]sf] b/jgbl cg'?k sfdsf] lhdd]jf/l lbg' cfjzos b]lvg5. eg] Sjf/]G6fOg eg;f/;fu hf]l8g] epsfn] To;nfO{ s]gb df g} /fvg] pko'qm x'g] dgqfnonsf] cfgtl/s wf/0ff 5. dn ;DjlGw s]gb df /xg] cgt/f{li6«o :t/af6 vl/b u/]/ Nofpg' kg] { epsf] sf/0fn] dn ;DjlGw lgsfo s]gb df /xg] 5 eg] k b]zdf / c? If]qdf e08f/0f /xg] 5g\. af]8{x? s]lx dfq s]gb df /xg] b]lvg5. cgt/f{li6"o / Ps csf{ k b]z;fu hf]8\g] af]8{ s]gb df /xg] 5. h:t} /fli6"o lrof tyf skml lasf; af]8{ Pp6f k b]z / csf] {;Fu ;DalGwt epsf] sf/0f of] s]gb df /xg] b]lvg5. of] Ps k b]zb]lv d'n'ssf] &% lhnnfdf /x]sf #&* s[lif ;]jf s]gb / kz' ;]jf tkm{sf] ((( j6f ;]jf s]gb df sd{rf/l kl/k"lt{ ug{ ;ls/x]sf] 5}g. of] cj:yfdf cj agg nfu]sf] &$$ j6f :yfglo txdf s[lif / kz' ;]jf tkm{ s;/l sd{rf/l Joj:yfkg ug{ ] egg] ljifodf b'j} dgqfnon] vf;} sfd u/]sf] b]lv+b}g. csf]{ k b]zdf lj:tf/ ug{ / cgt/f{li6"o :t/df k j4{gsf] nflu cfjzos epsfn] o:tf] vfnsf] lgsfo s]gb df /xg] 5, of] s]gb n] ;+rfng ug] { 5. clxn]sf] s[lif ljefu, sfo{qmd lgb] {zgfnox? tl ca :yfglo txdf /xg] 5g\. h'g s]gb df ;~rfng /x]sf sfo{qmd s]gb df tl s]gb af6 ;~rfng x'g] t/ cfazostf cg';f/ k b]zdf PsfOsf]?kdf /xg] 5. To:t} clxn] s[lif ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ s]gb klg k b]zdf /xg] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. s[lif ljsf;sf] nflu Pp6f d'n cfwf/ eg]sf] s[lifsf] ;'rgf klg xf]. Tof] ;''rgfsf] kx'fr x/]s s[ifs;dd k'ug' h?/l x'g5. cj k b]zdf / :yfglo lgsfodf o;sf] sfo{ ep s[ifsn] ;lhn} s[lif ;'rgf kfpg ;lhnf]] x'g] b]lvg5.
+ + s[lif ;fktflxs rlgsf] æ/fo{; kfs{æ k'u] wfg lj1x? rlg. cgt/f{li6«o?kdf g} wfg ptkfbg a[l4 ug] { pb]zon] rlgsf] xfogfg /fhosf] ;fgof zx/df ljlegg bz b]zsf wfg lj1x? Ps} 7fp df e]nf epsf 5g\. rlg ;/sf/, o'gfg ljzj ljbfno / km/pe/ 6«lksn Kof/f8fO{h, ;fgof ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf lghl ;fe]mbf/ldf ;~rfng u/]sf] /fo{; kfs{ú If]qdf ljlegg b]zsf wfg lj1x?nfo{ Ps} 7fpFdf /fv]/ wfgsf] ptkfbstj a[l4 ug] { ljifodf 5nkmn z'? epsf] 5. @ ;o x]s6/ huufdf /x]sf] /fo{; kfs{ú df % ;o k sf/sf wfg ptkfbg ug]{ ul/psf] len]hsf k d'v s] of]ë r'gn] s[lif ;fktflxs kj{t. kj{t lhnnfsf Ps o'jfn] t/sf/lv]tl / kz'kfng Joj;foaf6 dguo cfdbfgl ug{ ;kmn epsf 5g\. kj{tsf] hnhnf ufp kflnsfl:yt ;flas gfªlnjfª ( km;]{sf /fhg ;fksf]6fn] ufp d} ;'? u/]sf] t/sf/lv]tl / kz'kfng Joj;foaf6 dguo cfdbfgl ug{ ;kmn epsf] xf]. pgn] JolQmut kdf ;fksf]6f kz'kfng tyf s[lif kmfd{ / tlghgf ldn]/ wf}nflul/ Jofj;flos s[lif tyf kz'kfng kmfd{ ;~rfngdf NofPkl5 dfl;s? 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M df]/ª, wgs'6f, ;Kt/L,bf]nvf, sfe ]knfgrf]s,af/f,wflbª, lrtjg, sf:sl, kfnkf,?kgb]xl,bfª\ jf s], ;'v] {t, h'dnf, s}nfnl, 8f]6L, bfr' {nf -hf/l ug] { M PPCR/BRCH/AMIS Project, MOAd,AERD, NARC and Agro-met Section, DHM) df};dl tyof+sx? @% r}q @)&# b]lv #! r}q @)&# ;Ddsf] df};dl tyofª\s lhnnf s"n aiff{ tfkqmd-;]l06u ]8_sf]bfo/f ;fk]lifscfb {tf-ü_sf]bfo/f xfjfsf] ult xfjfsf] Go"gtd -ld ;]_sf] lbzfsf] -ld=ld_ clwstd clwstd Go"gtd s}lkmot bfo/f bfo/f df]/ª )=% ##=@ #^=^!$=^ @@=( %# ^* $# ^) )=) &=% blif0f wgs'6f )=) @%=* @*=*!$=)!&=& %) ^# ## #& )=) #=) blif0f klzrd ;Kt/L @=# #!=@ #%=%!&=) @#=@ $# &^ @& ^( bf]nvf )=) @@=% @&=)!)=)!$=) *) *% $% ^@ sfe ]knfgrf]s #=& #)=# #$=) (=%!$=% (& (( () (^ af/f )=) #$=) #^=^!!=% @@=) $) *!!& %^ )=) %=) k"j{ wflbª ^=@ @*=^ ##=)!@=&!*=) $% ^& %@ *^ lrtjg ^=@ ##=@ #^=)!@=*!(=@ %( && $! &% sf:sl %$=& @!=& @(=(!$=%!(=* *% (* #& *$ )=) #=% blif0f kfnkf @)=# @*=# #!=*!!=)!%=) $^ (% @* $!?kgb]xl )=& #%=! #*=@!$=^ @@=( #% %(!! $!!=) &=% blif0f bfë l56k'6 #!=^ ##=%!$=& @)=% #^ ^(!* @$ )=)!=% klzrd jf+s] l56k'6 #$=^ #&=@!@=^ @@=% %% *) @! $$!=) &=% klzrd ;'v] {t @=) #@=# #$=@!@=%!*=* $$ ^^ @$ ^^ )=) ^=) klzrd h'dnf @!=^!^=! @%=*!=) *=) %# (#!( $^ )=) ^=) klzrd s}nfnl )=) #@=% #^=%!#=@ @!=) %# ^$!^ @% )=) #=) pq/ 8f]6L )=) @(=@ ##=*!#=)!^=@ &$ (* @# #$ )=) @=% pq/ bfr' {nf!@=* @^=) #$=)!@=%!%=% &@!)) @( $( lhnnf df]/ª wgs'6f ;Kt/L )! j}zfv @)&$ b]lv )* j}zfv @)&$ ;Ddsf] df};d tyofª\s s"n aiff{ tfkqmd-;]l06u ]8_sf]bfo/f ;fk]lifscfb {tf-ü_sf]bfo/f -ld=ld_ clwstd Go"gtd clwstd Go"gtd xfjfsf] ult -ld ;]_sf] bfo/f #* @*=$ #^=^!(=% @%=@ %* (! $@ ^@!=% ^=) @#=% @%=) @*=$!#=)!*=$ %* (^ $( ^@ )=)!=% xfjfsf] lbzfsf] bfo/f s}lkmot bf]nvf @)=* @#=% @%=%!)=%!^=% *^ (& &#=! &*=# sfe ]knfgrf]s * =$ @%=$ #@=*!@=$!(=! 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(* ^*=( *^=$ sf:sl ^=# @$=# #!=$!%=* @!=% #% &* $! &( )=) $=) k"j{ kfnkf!^=% @@=% #)=)!@=%!*=) %% *& $(=)^ *!=!?kgb]xl )=( #!=! #^=% @!=) @^=$ $) *& #) ^% )=) %=) blif0f bfë!=@ @$=% ##=$!(=) @#=) $* *& #( %@ )=% @=) blif0f jf+s] l56k'6 #^=% #&=# @)=@ @$=( ^^ *$ $# %* )=) #=) blif0f ;'v] {t l56k'6 #!=& #$=%!^=^ @@=* $& &* #@ %@ klzrd h'dnf %=( @@=* @(=@ ^=)!!=% %) &*!$=* #*=! )=) *=) klzrd s}nfnl #%=% #&=%!*=% @^=% %) ^( #) $$ )=)!=% pq/ 8f]6L #=@ #@=% #*=%!^=% @#=@ ^% *& #! %! )=)!=% pq/ bfr' {nf @#=^ #!=) #&=)!^=% @@=( &# (# #(=& &*=^ s_ df};d ljzn]if0f M ut xktfsf] ;du df};dl ljzn]if0f s[lif ;Nnfx df]/ª M df]/ª lhnnfdf ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #^=^) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t $@Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/ #* ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. ;Kt/L M ;Kt/L lhnnfdf ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #$=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t %!Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/ @=# ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. wgs'6f M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @*=$ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf $(Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/ @#=% ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. bf]nvf M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @%=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf &#Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/ @)=* ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. sfe ]knf~rf]s M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #@=*= ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t *#Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/ *=$ ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. wflbª M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd ##=!= ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t %)Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/!@ ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. af/f M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #^=) ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #$Ü_ /Xof]. lrtjg M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #%=# ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf ^(Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/!%=( ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof].?kgb]xl M ut xktfsf] lbpf;f]sf] tfkqmd #^=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #)Ü_ /Xof].;fy} ;ftfel/ )=( ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. sf:sl M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #!=$ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf $!Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/ ^=# ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. kfnkf M ut xktfsf] lbpf;f]sf] tfkqmd #)=) ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf $(Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} k"j{ pq/ ^( @(=% #$=% @)=) @^=% %# &* %!=$ &%=* ;ftfel/!^=% ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. bfª\ M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd ##=$ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #(Ü_ /Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/!=@ ldlnld6/ jiff{ eof]. ;'v]{t M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #$=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #@Ü_ /Xof]. eg] aiff{ l56k'6 /x\of]. 8f]6L M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #*=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #!Ü_ /Xof].;fy} ;ftfel/df #=@ ldlnld6/ aiff{ eof]. af+s] M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #&=# ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf $#Ü_ /Xof]. aiff{ l56k'6 /x\of]. s}nfnlm ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #&=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #)Ü_ /Xof]. h'dnf M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @(=@ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf!%ü_/xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/df %=( ldlnld6/ aiff{ eof]. bfr'{nf M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #&=) ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf $)Ü_/Xof]. ;fy} ;ftfel/df @#=^ ldlnld6/ aiff{ eof]. eg] cfp+bf] xktfsf] df};d cj:yf df]/ª / ;Kt/LM ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ abnl eo{ Ifl0fs aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. wgs'6fm ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ abnl eo{ Ifl0fs aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. bf]nvf, sfe ] wflbªm ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ Ifl0fs d]3 uh{g ;lxt aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. af/f, lrtjg,?kgb]xlm ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ abnl eo{ Ifl0fs aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. sf:sl, kfnkfm ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df Ifl0fs d]3 uh{g ;lxt aiff{sf] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;'v] {t, bfª, 8f]6LM ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ Ifl0fs aiff{ epklg cgtodf ;fdfgo ;kmf x'g] 5. jf+s], s}nfnlm ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ abnl eo{ Ifl0fs aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. h'dnf / bfr'{nfm ;ftf e/l g} clwstd tfkqmd s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. ;fy} ;ftfsf] z'?df / ljrlt/ abnl eo{ Ifl0fs aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5. afnl gfnl wfg ) r}t] wfg /f]k]sf] @% #) lbgdf uf]8d]n u/]kl5 # s]hl o'l/of k lt /f]kgl jf @ s]hl o'l/of k lt s fsf b/n] 6k8] «; ug' {kb{5. o;/l /f;folgs dn k of]u ubf{ @$ 306f;Dd v]taf6 kfgl au]/ hfg lbg' x' +b}g. ) aif]{ wfg afnlaf6 /fd f][ ptkfbg lng cfkm\gf] If]qsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/psf pko'qm hft klxrfg u/l e/kbf]{ >f]taf6 ;dod} alpsf] Joj:yf ug' {xf];\. ) t/fo{, leql dw]z, tnnf] kxf8l a]+zlsf l;+lrt If]q -()) ld=;dd_ sf] nflu pko'qm hftx? :j0f{ ;j!, ;Djfd;'nL ;j!, ldlynf / /fdwfg. ) t/fo{ leql dw]z / tnnf] a]+zlsf cl;+lrt If]q -()) ld=;dd_ sf] nflu pko'qm hftx? ;'Vvf wfg!, ;'Vvf wfg @, ;'Vvf wfg #, ;'Vvf wfg $, ;'Vvf wfg %, ;'Vvf wfg ^, t/x/f!, xlb{gfy!, /fwf!! tyf 3}of wfgsf nflu ljgb]zj/l, 3}of! / 3}of @. ) dwokxf8l If]q -())!%)) ld=;dd_ sf nflu pko'qm hftx? v'dn $, v'dn *, v'dn!), v'dn!!, v'dn!#. ) prr kxf8l If]q -!%)) @^)) ld=;dd_ sf nflu pko'qm hftx? n]sfnl!, n]sfnl #, rgbgyfg #, df5fk'r5] «#. @ ds}+ ) aif]{ ds} v]tlaf6 /fd f]ptkfbg lng cfkm\gf] If]qsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/psf pko'qm hft klxrfgu/l e/kbf]{ >f]taf6 ;do d} alpsf] Joj:yf u/l nufpg z'? ug'{xf];\. ) t/fo{ / lelq dw]zsf nflu pko'qm hftx? /fdk'/ sdkf]lht, c?0f! / c?0f @. ) dwo kxf8sf nflu pko'qm hftx? b]ptl, dgsfdgf!, dgsfdgf #, dgsfdgf $, dgsfdgf %, dgsfdgf ^, lztnf, kf]lznf] ds}!. ) prr kxf8sf nflu pko'qm hftx? u0f]z! / u0f]z @. ) aif]{ ds} nufpg' @) @% lbg klxn] #)) %)) s]hl kfs]sf] k f+ufl/s dn df6f]df /fd /L ldnfpg] / @=&% s]hl l8pkl,!=^$ s]hl o'l/of, @=!! s]hl Do'/]6 ckmkf]6f; k lt s f jf $=!# s]hl l8pkl, @=$^ s]hl o'l/of tyf @=!& s]hl Do'/]6 ckm kf]6f; k lt /f]kglsf b/n] hldgsf] clgtd tof/lsf] a]nf df6f]df /fd /L ldnfpg' kb{5. #=ux' ) ux' nfo{ @ # lbg 3fddf ;'sfpkl5 -bfgfdf lr:ofgsf] dfqf!)!@ k ltzt gx'~h]n_ xfjf gl5g]{ ef 8f h:t} M l;8jlg, k f]aofu, WofDkf]df e08f/0f ug{ pko'qm x'g5. ) e08f/0f u/]sf] jlpnfo{ sl/faf6 hf]ufpg esf/lsf] dflynnf] efusf] alpdfly $ % OGr hlt 5xf/Ldf ;'sfpsf] ;'lsnf] lgd asfo{gf] / ltt]tftl h:tf lj?jfsf] kftx? /fvg] u/]df klg sl/f nfug] ;Defjgf sd x'g5.
s[lif ;fktflxs kz'x?df nfug] vf]/]t tyf gfdn] / df6] /f]u ;DjGwL hfgsf/l vf]/]t /f]u vf]/]t /f]u vf; u/]/ v'/ kmf6]sf hgfj/x? h:t} -ufo{, e} +;L, e]8f, afv f tyf a+u'/df nfug] u5{. of] /f]u jiff{ofd ;lspkl5 / rf8jk{sf] a]nfdf kz'x?sf] clgolgqt cf];f/ k;f/sf sf/0f vf]/]t /f]usf] ;+qmd0f a9\g ;S5. To;sf/0f of] /f]usf] dxfdf/l km}lng glbg cfkm\gf kz'j:t'x?df vf]k nufpg' xf]nf. ) vf]/]t /f]usf] nif0f ljz]if ul/ kz'sf] v'/jl/k/l, d'vsf] lelq efudf / snrf}8fdf ;fgf ;fgf ljld/f h:tf] dl;gf] kmf]sf b]lvg] x'fbf nif0f b]lvpsf kz'x?nfo{ ayfgaf6 cnuu} 5' fp/ /fvg'xf]nf. ) kz'x?df vf]/]t /f]u nfu]sf] z+sf nfu]df glhs}sf] kz' pk;]jf s]gb, kz' ;]jf s]gb jf lhnnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nodf hfgsf/l u/fpg' xf]nf. pkrf/ of] ljiff0f'af6 x'g] /f]u epsf] sf/0f s'g} vf; pkrf/ 5}g t/ nif0f cg';f/ pkrf/ ubf{ gf]s;fgaf6 arg ;lsg5. ) ;j{k yd d'vsf] 3fpnfO{ dgtftf] kfgldf @ k ltztsf] lkm6ls/lsf] emf]n agfo{ d'v ;kmf ug] {. ) v' fsf] 3fpnfO{ )=% k ltzt kmdfl{ \ngsf] emf]n agfo{ ;kmf ug] {. ) y'gdf cfpsf] 3fpnfO{ @ k ltzt jf]l/s Pl;8sf] emf]n agfo{ ;kmf ug] { tyf j]6fl8g dnxd cf]efgf] kf/l nufpg]. ) v' f tyf d'vsf] 3fp l56f] lgsf] kfg{ ;Nkfl8dfOl8g jf P06Ljfof]l6S;sf]?kdf @) $) nfv o"lg6 ;Dd :6«]K6f] k]lgl;nlg jf @ @=% u fd ;Ddsf] PDkLl;lng + Snf]Shfl;nLg % & lbg ;Dd df;'df ;'O{ lbg]. ;fy} Plen / b'vfo{ sd ug] { ;'O{!) ld=nl sf] b/n] df;'df ;'O{ lbg]. ) sl/f kg{ upsf] v' fsf] 3fpnfO{ dg tftf] kfgldf kf]6f;/fvl ;kmf ug] { tyf sl/f dfg{ tf/lkgsf] t]n 3fpdf /fvg] tyf Pl06L;]lK6s dnxd 3fpdf nufpg]. /f]syfd ) /f]ul kz'nfo{ t'?gt z+sf x'gf;fy cnuu} /fvg]. ) d'vsf] 3fpnfO{ c;/ gkg{ lbgsf] nflu lkpg] cfxf/f vf]n], eftsf] df8 jf cgo emf]n vfg] s'/f lbg]. ) uf]7nfo{ lkmg]n kfgln] 5s{g]. ) :jf:yo kz'x?nfo{ /f]u lj?4 vf]k nufpg]. vf]k nufpbf /Iff gfds Ol08og EolS;g @ ld=nl ^ dlxgf egbf dfyl pd]/ epsf kz'df 5fnf d'gl -S/c) ;'O{ lbg]. ) 6«fO{e]6 EofS;Lg klg ljlegg cf]ifwl sdkglx?n] lgsflnpsf] ahf/df kfog5, h'g r/r/], Eofu't], tyf vf]/]tsf] lj?4 lgsflnpsf] vf]k xf], t/ To;n] ljiff0f'sf] k sf]k rf/}lt/ epdf /f]uaf6 k"0f{?kdf kz'nfo{ -/f]uaf6_ arfpg ;Sb}g, t;y{ vf]/]t s} dfq sd ug] { EofS;Lg s[ifs ju{x?nfo{ kz'df vf]k nufpg ;Nnfx lbog5. ) Pkm=Pd=8L= kf]lneofn]g6 EoflS;g -FMD Poly Valent Vaccine_ ufo{ e} +;L, afr5f kf8fnfo{!) Pd=Pn= tyf e]8f afv f, a+u'/nfo{ % Pd=Pn= 5fnfd'lg ;'O{ lbg]. gfdn] / df6] /f]um ) wfg sf6]/ em/]kl5 affsl /x]sf] k/fn kz' j:t'sf] cfxf/fsf]?kdf k of]u ul/g5. k/fn cfxf/fsf]?kdf k of]u u/] ;Fu ;Fu} gfdn] /f]usf] k sf]k klg a9g hfg5. To;sf/0f lgoldt?kdf cfkmgf kz'x?df gfdn]sf] k/lhjl /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] yfxf kfpg cfkmgf] glhs}sf] kz' pk;]jf s]g, kz' ;]jf s]g jf lhnnf kz' ;]jf sfof{nodf uo{ uf]a/ kl/if0f u/fpg' xf]nf. ) olb kz'x?df gfdn]sf] k/lhjl b]lvpdf lgdg cg';f/sf] pkrf/ ug{ ' xf]nf. ) cls;snf]hgfo8 -Oxyclozanide_!) ld=u f= k lt lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n cg';f/ Ps k6s vfg lbg' xf]nf.! u fd af]n; k lt!)) lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n cg';f/ tyf emf]n cf}ifwl #)) lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n epsf kz'nfo{ () Pd=Pn= Psk6sdf vfg lbg' xf]nf. e]8f afv fnfo{ @)) ld=u f= sf] Ps 6\ofAn]6 k lt!# lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n cg';f/ vfg lbg'xf]nf. ol cf}ifwlx? b'x'gf, Aofpg] ;a} k sf/sf kz'df lbg ;lsg5. ) 6«fOSofna]G8fhf]n -Tricalbendazole_!@ ld=u f= k lt lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n cg';f/ vfg lbfbf lgs} k efjsf/l x'g5. ()) ld=u f= sf] Ps af]n; k lt &% lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n cg';f/ vfg lbg' xf]nf. @%) Pd= hl= sf]! 6\ofAn]6!% lsnf] zf/ll/s tf}n eps e]8f afv fnfo{ vfg lbg' xf]nf. b'x'gf Aofpg] ;a} k sf/sf kz'x?df lbg] ;lsg5. ) lne/ 6f]lgs emf]n jf kfp8/ 7"nf] kz'nfo{ $) ^) u fd, ;fgf] kz'nfo{!% @) u fd b}lgs vfg lbg' xf]nf. cg'bfgn] agfof] Joj;flos kz'kfng ug] { ls;fg Onfd. Jofj;flos ufo{, afv f / a+u'/kfng ub{} cfpsf ls;fgnfo{ k fyldstfdf /fvb} lhnnf kz';]jf sfo{fno Onfdn] cg'bfg /sd pknaw u/fpsf] 5. sfo{fnosf] o'jf nlift kz'ljsf; sfo{qmd cgtu{t ;fgf ufo{ kmfd{sf nflu lhnnfsf rf/hgfn] Pp6f ufo{ a/fa/ @) xhf/?k}offsf b/n] cg'bfg /sd kfpsf 5G. cg'bfgsf nflu sfo{fnon] cfxjfg u/]sf] cfj]bgdf dfu egbf a9l cfj]bg k/]sf] lyof]. rf/hgfsf] nflu dfq cg'bfg /sd lbog'kg{] epklg @* j6f lgj]bg k/]sf] lyof]. cg'bfg kfpsfn] uf]7df kf regbf a9l ufo{ clgafo{ x'g'kyo{f]. sfo{fnosf k fljlws l8uaxfb'/ sfsl}sf cg';f/ r'nfr'nl, b]pdfo{ gu/kflnsf, hltk'/ / kz'kltgu/sf ls;fgn] cg'bfg /sd kfpsf x'g\.o:t} o'jf nlift sfo{qmd cgtu{t g} afv f kmfd{ ;~rfngsf nflu lhnnfsf hd'gf, zflgt8f 8f, a/af]6] / gfd;flnësf rf/hgf ls;fgn] Ps/Psnfv?k}of sf b/n] cg'bfg /sd kfpsf 5g\. To:t} a+u'/ kmfd{ ;~rfngsf nflu n'db]sf Pshgf ls;fgn] Psnfv?k}of cg'bfg /sd kfpsf] k fljlws sfsl{n] hfgsf/l lbp. o:t} ufo{sf] demf}nf ufo{ kmfd{ ;~rfngsf] nflu ;"of]{bo gu/kflnsfsf Pshgf ls;fgn] ;f9] b'o{ nfv?k}of cg'bfg /sd k fkt u/]sf 5g\. sfo{fnosf] o'jf nlift kz'ljsf; sfo{qmddf of] jif{ hddf ljefuaf6!$ nfv?k}of k fkt epsf] lyof]. @)&# ;fn j}zfv!! ut] ;f]daf/ o;/l u/f} + s'v'/f kmfd{df h}ljs ;'/Iff sf8{sf] k of]u s'v'/f kmfd{df ;?jf /f]u k j]z u/]df s'v'/fsf] jyfgdf o;sf] udel/ gsf/ftds cfly{s k efj kg{]5. k b'lift sk8f, pks/0f tyf v' fdf nufpg] klx/g g} o:tf ;?jf /f]u s'v'/fdf ;g{] k d'v sf/0fsf?kdf /x]sf] b]lvg5. xf]6ndf sl sf8{n] sfd u/] h;/l h}ljs ;'/Iff k 0ffnLn] sfd u5{. h}ljs ;'/Iffsf nflu s'v'/f kmfd{sf] ljb'tlo 9f]sfdf DoflS;d;\ sf8{ l/8/ h8fg ul/psf] u/l cfjthfjtnfo{ lgoldt ul/psf] x'g5. sf8{sf k of]ust{fn] cfkm\gf] JolQmut ljj/0f, O{d]n jf kmf]g gda/ eg{'kg{] x'g5. o; sf8{n] s'v'/f kmfd{ leq ;Lldt b]lv k"0f{ k j]z lbg] u/l b'o{ lsl;dsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] x'g5. pbfx/0fsf] nflu ;fktflxs ljbfsf lbg sfd ug{] sd{rf/lx? ;Dd kx'frsf] rflxpsf] xf] zlgaf/ / cfo{tjf/ ljxfg % b]lv @ ah] ;Dd k j]z kfpg] u/l sf8{ tof/ ul/psf] x'g5. s'v'/f kmfd{sf] x/]s :yfg jf ejgsf] nflu lglzrt :yf:yo l:ylt x'g'kg{] eg]/ tf]lspsf] x'g5 / ToxL cg';f/sf] :jf:yo lgod kfngf ul/g' kg{] x'g5. kmf]x/ :yfgdf k j]z u/]sf] @$ 306f gljtb} ;kmf :yfgdf k j]z ug{ kfo{g] 5}g. o;/l s;}nfo{ k j]z lgif]w ul/psf] sf/0f v'nfp/ sf8{ k 0ffnLaf6 P;PdP; jf O{d]n k7fo{g] 5. e]6]l/g/l tyf cgo ;]jf k fljlws h:tf cfkm\gf] sf8{ gepsf s'g} ljz]if cfugt'ssf] nflu k j]z lbg' k/]df 9f]sfnfO{ 6f9faf6} vf]ng ;lsg] Joj:yf ul/psf] x'g5. o; k 0ffnL cgt/ut kmfd{sf ljlegg :yfgsf ultljlwsf] clen]v /flvpsf] x'g5 h;df sf8{ k of]u st{fn] e d0f u/]sf] :yfg, ;do, cjlw, ldlt cflb pnn]v epsf] x'g5. Jojl:yt?kdf s'v'/f kmfd{ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu nfvf}+ nufgl ul//x]sf Joj;flos s'v'/f Joj;foLx?n] yf]/} /sd vr{ u/]/ cfkm\gf] s'v'/f kmfd{nfo{ h}ljs ;'/Iffaf6 hf]ufpg ;lsg5. j}1flgs / cfw'lgsls/0f;+u} g]kfnl s'v'/f kfng Joj;fo ul//x]sf Joj;foLx?n] klg cfkm\gf] Joj;fo ;'/Iff ug{sf nflu cfw'lgsls/0f tkm{ cufl8 a9\g ;Sg] xf] eg] lgs} g} kmfobf k'ug] b]lvg5. t;y{ a}1flgs / cfw'lgsls/0fsf] k of]u u/l s'v'/fsf] h}ljs ;'/Iff ckgfpg] tkm{ Wofg lbg' h?/l 5. s[lif kqsf/ ;dfh, g]kfn / d]6«f] Pkm=Pd ($=^ d]ufxh{sf] ;+o'qm k of; g]kfnl s[lif If]qsf] jt{dfg cj:yf, kz'kg5l Joj;fosf r'gf}tl / g]kfnl ls;fgx?n] ef]ug' k/]sf ;d:ofsf] lr/kmf/ ls;fg /]l8of] sfo{qmd dfq d]6«f] Pkm=Pd ($=^ d]ufxh{df x/]s ;f]daf/ a]n'sf ^M#) b]lv &M)) ah];dd %
s[lif Nepal's First Agriculture weekly April ;fktflxs @)&$ 24, ;fn 2017 j}zfv Monday!! ut] ;f]daf/ 6 Adama yields success with Chinese ingredients Since the establishment of formal diplomatic relations between Israel and china 25 years ago, ties between the two countries have continued go grow stronger, especially in the areas of education, scientific research and industry. Israel, the so called "startup nation", is a hub of innovation and entrepreneurship in many fields, including chemistry, technology and agriculture, and it has positioned itself as a close partner of china in these areas. In recent years, collaboration between the two countries has expanded significantly, as Chinese companies seek to invest in Israeli innovation and Israeli companies identify the vast potential in business partnerships with their Chinese peers. The bilateral relationship has yielded many joint projects in the areas of science, education and research, such as the Guangdong technion Israel institute of technology, a collaboration between israel's scientific university, techinion, and Shantou university in Guangdong province. Adama, a global crop protection company and a sholly-owned subsidiary of china National Chemical crop, or chem. China, is another good example of the close Photo corner : Rice Park in Sanya City, China's Yunnan. relation ship that exists between Israel and china. Since it was founded is Israel 70 years ago, Adama has grown into one of the leading companies in the global agro chemical sector. The name "Adama" means "earth" in Hebrew, marking the company's commitment to growers and agriculture. The company offers a comprehensive portfolio of products for controlling weeds, pets and disease to help farmers to improve the quality and quantity of their crop yields. Adama employs 5,000 people and markets its products in more than 100 countries across the globe, with its average annual sales generating more than $3 billion. It strives to continually introduce advanced products into the market, leveraging its portfolio of 270 activ ingredients to develop and bring value added solutions to growers. As a crop protection company, Adama plays a key role in the effort to increase food production to feed growing world population, particularly in the face of dwindling resources,. This together with its know-how, global direct market presence, broad operational experience and best practices in environmental standards, prompted chem-china to take control of Adama in 2011, said the Chinese company. Adama was a natural fit for Chemchina, as the latter was looking to support and advance a critical element in the 13th five- year plan (2016-20) : Ensuring food security and improving agriculture, according to chemchina. The Partnership between the two companies has proven to be highly successful. The appointment of Adama's then deputy CEO, chen Lichtenstein, as CEO of chemchina's wholly-owned subsidiary China National agrochemical grop in 2013, was a testament to the trust and understanding that exists between the management teams of both companies. Chen became Adama's president and CEO in 2014. "There is mush empowerment, thinking and creativity at ChemChina. With my background, it is a remarkable setting in which to operate," said Lichtenstein in a precious interview. Adama has charted a consistent trajectory of growth since its acquisition by Chem-China, outperforming the market in recent years despite the challenging conditions of the global agricultural industry, reflected in low soft commodity prices. The company is continuing to increase its profits and profitability and gaining additional market share worldwide. The 2016 results show shat Adma is in the best position it has ever been," Lichtenstein said,."chemchina is responsible for immense value creation amounting to billions of dollars for the company, having doubled the value of its investment in a very short time. This has brought great value to Adama and the state of Israel." He continued: " Since ChemChina partnered with Adama, we have benefited from strategic and financial support, the likes of which we haven't, the likes of which we haven't seen for decades, and coupled with our capabilities, the company has hit the fastforward button. "since ChemChina acquired the controlling interest in Adama, the cash flow we have generated has been reploughed into the company. This allows us to deepen our investments. "we reinvested$1 billion in the company in recent years in operations, infrastructure, marketing, sales and research and development. We are breaking into the ranks of the biggest companies in the industry and outpacing them." Yang xingqiang, chairman of Adma and president of chemchina, said: " Adama is now well positioned to capitalize on its unique strengths, from cutting-edge Israeli agricultural technology and global market access, to a powerful commercial and operational presence in china. We are confident this is just the beginning and we will see further growth moving forward". By : Zhuan Ti China aims to improve logistics system to protect food safety BEIJING - China will build a cold chain logistics system to improve food safety and boost consumer spending, according to an official document released on Friday. The general office of the State Council, China's cabinet, published a guideline on the development of cold chain logistics framework, underscoring the importance on food safety and consumption upgrades. The document calls for a significant increase in the use of cold chain to transport fresh farm produce and perishable food by 2020. A cold chain temperature tracking system should be established. Logistical infrastructure should be built in major food producing regions and consumer markets across the country. agency
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Joj;flos?kdf t/sf/l v]tl ljsf;sf nflu lrtjgdf nfu" epsf] k wfgdgql s[lif cfw'lgsls/0f kl/of]hgf cgtu{tsf] t/sf/l hf]gdf oflgqsls/0fnfo{ clwstd k of]u ul/g] epsf] 5. pqm cfof]hgfsf k d'v ;f]dgfy l3ld/]n] clxn] ljlegg If]qaf6 cfw'lgs ogqsf] k of]u a9fpg] sfd eo{/x]sf] atfp. rfn' cfly{s jif{df t/sf/lsf nflu ljz]if ks]6 If]q -t/sf/l hf]g_ sf] ljsf; ug{ klzrd lrtjgdf kf+r ;o x]s6/ / df5f ptkfbg ug{ Ps ;o x]s6/df pqm kl/of]hgf ;~rfng epsf] 5. clxn] t/sf/l /f]kg 8\ofª agfpg] / Knfli6s cf]5\ofpg] d]l;g ef/taf6 NofO;lsPsf] l3ld/]n] atfp. dn cf]5\ofpg klg d]l;g Nofpg nflusf] klg pgn] atfp. /f]kg] / uf]8\g] d]l;gsf] ;d]t k of]u x'g] pgn] atfp. ls;fgsf] dfu cg';f/ s[lifdf oflgqs/0fsf] k of]udf hf]8 lbog] hfgsf/l l3ld/] lbpsf 5g\. u fdl0f ls;fgnfo{ k f]t;fxg ug{ b"w ptkfbg k j4{g sfo{qmd emfkf. u fdl0f If]qsf ls;fgnfo{ b"w ptkfbgdf k f]t;fxg ug] { p2]zon] x'nfsl /fhdfu{ nlift PsLs[t b"w ptkfbg k j4{g sfo{qmdú ;~rfngdf cfpsf] 5. x'nfsl /fhdfu{cgtu{t lhnnfsf /fhu9, z/0ffdtl, kffruf5l, dxfef/f a}u'gw'/f / vh'/uf5l uf}/lughsf ls;fgnfo{ nio u/l pqm sfo{qmd ;~rfng NofOPsf] lhnnf kz';]jf sfof{non] hgfpsf] 5. sfo{qmdcgtu{t ;f] If]qsf ls;fgnfo{ ;ª\ul7t u/l cg'bfg, kz'kfng tflnd / lgmz'ns 3f ;sf] alp pknaw u/fopsf] sfof{nosf ;"rgf clws[t s'df/l;+x vqln]=hfgsf/l lbp. pgsf cg';f/ Ps Ps ;o hgfsf] kffr ;d"x u7g u/l k lt;d"x!) nfv u/l %) nfv cg'bfg:j?k pknaw u/fopsf] 5.sfo{qmd ;'? ep; u} kf ruf5laf6 b}lgs ;ft ;o ln, dxfef/faf6 Ps ;o %) ln / /fhu9af6 kf r ;o ln b"w ptkfbg eo{ ;ª\sng eo/x]sf] sfof{non] hgfpsf] 5. ;f] If]qaf6 b}lgs rf/ xhf/b]lv kf r xhf/ ln b"w ptkfbg u/l emfkfnfo{ b"wdf cftdlge{/ agfpg] nio /flvpsf] 5. To:t} vh'/uf5ldf b'o{ xhf/ ln Ifdtf epsf] lr:ofg s]gb :yfkgfsf nflu ls;fgsf] dfuadf]lhd rf/ nfv cg'bfg;d]t s]gb af6 kfl/t eo;s]sf] vqln] hfgsf/l lbp. o; If]qaf6 ptkflbt b"w vl/b ug{ b'o{ b'uw pbf]u;fu ;Demf}tf;d]t eo;s]sf] 5. PgPd;L 8]/L / Cltsf 8]/LnfO{ b"w vl/b tyf 9'jfgLsf nflu k ltln b'o{ lbg] ;xdlt epsf] vqln] atfp. sn Ol08of===?= @=() dfq k lt ldg]6 ;fy} stf/, ;fpbl c/]ljof, o"=p=o ax/fog / s'j]tdf kmf]g ubf{ cj dfq?=!@ k lt ldg]6. kmf]g ug] { tl/sf M!$@$ slg6«sf]8 kmf]g g+= yk hfgsf/lsf nflu gf]l6;jf]8{ g+=!^!*)&)!!!!! df 8fon u/l ;'Gg ;Sg' x'g]5. pnn]lvt dxz'n b/df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgodfg';f/ s/ ;dfj]z ul/psf] 5}g. g]kfn 6]lnsd UV Plastic j8{km\n'sf] vt/faf6 hf]lvg xfdl ;j} ;ts{ / ;r]t xf]cf} +. s[lif ptkfbg a[lå ug{sf nflu ;b}j k of]u ug' {xf];\ n'lda sf] emf]n dn All Nepalese Tea & Coffee Center,Kupondol, Phone: 5535457, 5548201 g]kfn ;/sf/ ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dgqfno ;"rgf ljefu
s[lif ;fktflxs s[lif ;fktflxs @)&$ ;fn j}zfv!! ut] ;f]daf/ 8 lh=k =sf=sf7df8f}+ b=g+= )^ )^( &) @)&# ;fn j}zfv!! ;f]daf/ * s[lif k9]sf bif hgzlqmnfo{ oxl /f]sg' k5{ ) clxn] kj{t lhnnfsf] s[lif ptkfbgsf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 < kj{t lhnnfsf] s[lif ptkfbg x]g]{ xf] eg] of] jif{ vf; u/l d'vo vfbfgg jfnlsf]?kdf wfg ptkfbg a[l4 epsf] 5. sl/a!) k ltzt lx;fan] ;'Gtnfsf] ptkfbg a9]sf] 5 eg] c? ;fdfgo jfnlx?sf] klg j[l4 epsf] ca:yf 5. kl5nnf] ;dodf df};d kl/jt{g epsf] sf/0fn] ubf{ ;du df afnlgfnlsf] cj:yf /fd f] epsf] 5. ) kj{t lhnnfdf ptkfbg x'g] d'vo jfnlx? s] s] /x]sf 5g\ < d'vo?kdf kj{t lhnnfdf ;'Gtnf, t/sf/l cfn', nk;l, skml nufot vfbfgg jfnlx? k foh;f] e}/xg5. k fyldstfdf k/]sf ol % j6f jfnl d'vo, kj{t lhnnfsf] lgof{t of]uo jfnlx? x'g\. ) clxn] ol afnlx?sf] ptkfbgsf] cj:yf s] 5 < of] jif{sf] tyof+s x]g]{ xf] eg] ;'Gtnf ptkfbg # xhf/ $ ;o %^ d]l6«s 6g 5. eg] t/sf/ldf ( xhf/ d]l6"s 6g / @$ d]l6«s 6g slkmsf] r]/l ptkfbg epsf] 5. cfn' rflx @@ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g ptkfbg x'g5. To:t} nk;l! xhf/ $ ;o d]l6«s 6gsf] xf/xf/ldf of] aif{ ptkfbg epsf] 5. ) kj{t lhnnfdf ;'Gtnfsf] ks]6 If]qdf klg xf]nf lg t < vf; u/l kj{t lhnnfsf] df]bl ufp kflnsf / dxflznf ufp kflnsf, k}of} ufp kflnsf ks]6 If]q g} xf]. lhnnfsf] ;fljs uf=lj=; kf ry/, dfekmf/, b]pk'/ s'wf{ uf=lj=; rflx ;'Gtnfsf nflu lgs} k Voft uf=lj=; x'g\. ) o; lhnnfdf s[lifdf ;+nug ls;fgx?sf] ;+Vof s:tf] 5 < lhnnfsf] s"n hg;+vof dwo] s[lifdf ;+nug hg;+vof %! k ltztsf] xf/fxf/ldf g} 5. k/dk/fut?kdf nfu]sf / lgjf{xd'vl v]tl ug] { ls;fgx?sf] tyof+s xf] of]. t/ Joj;flos?kdf s[lifdf nfu]sfx?sf] ;+Vof lhnnf e/ldf s/lj $ ;osf] xf/fxf/ldf dfq 5g\. ) ls;fgx?nfo{ k f]t;fxg ug{ gof s:tf sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng epsf 5g\ t < lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] ls;fgnfo{ s[lif If]qdf cfslif{t ug{sf nflu rfn' cfly{s jif{df ljlegg vfn] sfo{qmdx? ;~rfngdf NofPsf 5f}+. h:t}, l;rfo{, Knfli6s 3/x?, / df}/l 3f/x? cg'bfgdf lbg] sfo{qmd ul//x]sf 5f}+. ls;fgx?n] ;fd"lxs?kdf pxfx?nfo{ cfjzos sfo{qmdx? dfu u/]sf] jf;'b]j /]UdL k d'v lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, kj{t cj:yfdf To:tf s[lif ptkfbstj a[l4 ug{sf nflu ljz]if k fyldstfdf /fv]/ cg'bfgdf s} al9 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5f}. To:t} ls;fgx?nfo{ ;'/lift ug{sf nflu aldfsf] k rf/ ug]{ sfd uklg xfdln] ul//x]sf 5f}+. h'g ;'s} lsl;dsf] s[lif k fljlws ;xof]u ls;fgx?nfo{ pknjw u/fpsf 5f}. h;n] ubf{ ls;fgx? klg cfslif{t eo{/xg' epsf] 5. clnslt ;Defjgf klg epsf] x'gfn] s[lif k]zf kl5nnf] ;dodf Joj;flos?kdf s[lif ug]{x?sf] nx/ klg a9b} upsf] 5. Joj;flos?kdf g} s[lif sd{ ul//x]sf ls;fgx?nfo{ s[lif oflgqsls/0fdf hf]8 lb+b} kfj/ l6n/x? klg ljqml ljt/0f ub}{ cfo{/x]sf] 5f}+. ) s[lifdf ofgqls/0f r'gf}tlsf] ljifo /x]sf] 5 eg5g\ lg t< s[lifdf ofgqls/0f ug]{ s'/f kj{tdf To:tf] r'gf}tl b]lvpsf] 5}g. kl5nnf] ;dodf o'jfx? ljb]z knfog epsf sf/0fn] klg v]taf/l hf]tgsf nflu xlnx? gkfo{/x]sf] cj:yfn] ubf{ klg kfj/ l6n/sf] k of]u a9\b} uo{/x]s]f 5. ls;fgx? kl5nnf] ;dodf s[lif ogqsf] k of]u a9fpg yfn]sf 5g\. ls;fgx?sf] s[lif ogqsf] dfux? x]g]]{ xf] eg] ktofpg g} ufx f] b]lvg5. ) To;f] ep s[lifdf oflgqs/0f a9fpgsf nflu s] of]hgf agfpg' epsf] 5 t < clxn] xhf/f}+ o'jfx? lab]lzpsf] cj:yf 5. o'jf cj:yf x'bf ljb]zdf hfg] / kl5 sfd ug]{ g;sg] cj:yf epkl5 cflv/ afsl hljg ljtfpg] g]kfndf g} xf]. kl5 k};f ep/ dfq k'ub}g xf]nf. b]z ljsf; gepsf] klg oxl epsfn] xf]. ljb]z up/ l;s]sf] l;k g]kfndf cfp/ Joaxf/df k of]u u of] eg] dfq s]lx xf]nf vfnl k};fn] dfq sfd ub}{g. xfdln] xfd f] ptkfbg a9fpg ;Sg' k5{. Pp6}n] ;Dej 5}g eg] ;fd'lxs?kdf klg ldn]/ sfd ug'{ kb{5. To;sf nflu xfdln] sd hgzlqm k of]u x'g] epsfn] klg oflgqs/0fdf hf]8 lbpsf 5f}+. To;nfO{ /fhon] klg C0fdf ;x'lnot lbg] / jldfdf ;xh ug]{ sfd ul//x]sf 5f}+. To;n] ubf{ klg o'jf ;fylx? lj:tf/} lj:tf/} cfslif{t x'b} cfpg' epsf] 5. oxf ;d:of s] eof] s[lif k9]sf] egbf gk9]sf] ;fylx? s[lifdf cfslif{t x'g'x'g5. s[lif k9]sf ;fylx? rfxl emg\ knfog eo/x]sf] cj:yf 5. s[lif k9]sf bif hgzlqmnfo{ oxl /f]sg' k5{. To;sf] nflu cj ;/sf/af6 laz]if of]uotfnfo{ Wofg lbp/ lagf lwtf], kl/of]hgf lwtf] /fv]/ klg C0f ;xof]u ug]{ xf] eg] cfslif{t x'g5. x}g eg] ljb]z hfg] qmd /f]lsg] jfnf 5}g. ) t/ tkfo{n] eg] h:t} of]uo hgzlqm /f]sg] sfd ;/sf/n] ug{ rfx b}g t < Tof] h;/l epklg /f]sg' kb{5. s[lif cftdlge{/ agg] eg]/ ;/sf/n] elg/x]sf] cj:yfdf s[lifsf bif hgzlqmnfo{ ljb]z knfog x'gaf6 /f]sg] sfd /fhosf] xf]. o;sf] dtnj ljb]z hfg g} /f]sg] egg] s'/f xf]og. d'n'ssf] s[lif ptkfbstj a9fpgsf nflu ;j} o'jf k':tf g]kfndf g} /xg' kb{5 egg] klg xf]og. clxn] ^% k ltztnfo{ #% k ltztdf emfg]{ xf] eg] klg w]/} g} ;xh x'g5. To;sf nflu s[lif ptkfbstj a[l4 ug{sf nflu cfjzos k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; ug'{ kb{5. l;+rfo{ ;'ljwf, ;xh?kdf C0fsf] Joj:yf,aLdfsf] Joj:yfdf, s[lif k fljlwsx?sf] k lzif0f Pj+ Joj;flos ls;fgx?sf nflu cfjzos tflndsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kb{5. Tof] ;j} Ps}rf]6L ;Dej klg 5}g lj:tf/} ub}{ hfg] s'/f xf] /fhon] rfxg] xf] eg] ug{ ;lsg5. kz' cfxf/sf] cefj x'g] ;dodf ;fo{n]h ptkfbg u/l b"w ptkfbg a[l4 u/f} +. hglxtsf nflu kz' ;]jf ljefu / s[lif ;fktflxs Contact: Ph:+ 977-01-5538748,9851066977 Fax: + 977-01-5534428 Email: nafseeds@gmail.com /www.nafseed.com xa a f]8sfl:6ª\ k f=ln=åf/f k sflzt, sfof{nom afuahf/, kmf]g g+m (*%!)%($%%,kf]=j=g+=m$#!@, O{ d]nm sajnepal@gmail.com, d'b 0fM Zj]tsfnL 5fkfvfgf, sfo{sf/l ;Dkfbs M of]u]gb k tfk zfxl ;DkfbsM j}s'07 e08f/l