Problems Planting Season Scientific Name Common Name SHALLOW ROOTS INSECTS DISEASES SPRING PLANTING ONLY SPRING OR FALL OTHER TREES Deciduous Acer rubrum red maple leaf hoppers verticillium X sensitive to salt Acer saccharum sugar maple X verticillium X sensitive to pollution, salt & compaction Acer saccharinum silver maple Acer spicatum+ mountain maple withstands repeated, heavy browsing Betula lenta black birch birch leaf miner canker X sensitive to compaction Betula alleghaniensis yellow birch X intolerant of drought, heat Betula populifolia gray birch birch borer, leaf miner X subject to snow & ice damage Betula nigra river birch X Betula papyrifera paper birch birch borer intolerant of heat & pollution Carpinus caroliniana american hornbeam canker X sensitive to compaction; doesn't transplant well; tolerant to pruning Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory X Carya glabra pignut hickory Carya laciniosa shellbark hickory Carya ovata shagbark hickory No-large tap root X sensitive to salt Carya tomentosa mockernut hickory Castanea dentata American chestnut Diospyros virginiana persimmon leaf spot X difficult to transplant Fagus grandifolia American beech X beech bark disease X Fraxinus americana white ash ash borers, flower galls ash dieback X sensitive to pollution Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash ash borers, flower galls ash dieback X sensitive to pollution Juglans cinerea butternut canker X Juglans nigra black walnut X Liquidambar styraciflua sweetgum X at northern limit of its range, not cold-hardy Liriodendron tulipifera tulip tree aphids, scale leaf spot X sensitive to compaction, not heat or drought tolerant Magnolia acuminata cucumber magnolia scale thin bark easily damaged by lawn equipment Magnolia virginiana sweetbay at northern limit of its range, not cold-hardy or wind tolerant Nyssa sylvatica black gum tupelo leaf miner leaf spot, rusts X fire resistant Platanus occidentialis American sycamore American plum borer canker, anthracnose X salt & drought tolerant; subject to cold injury Populus deltoides eastern cottonwood canker X salt & drought tolerant;do not plant near septic tanks or drains Populus grandidentata bigtooth aspen X do not plant near septic tanks or drains Populus tremuloides quaking aspen X Prunus pensylvanica pin cherry sensitive to pollution & compaction; do not plant near septic tanks or drains Prunus serotina black cherry fall webworm, tent caterpillars X sensitive to compaction; poisonous foliage Quercus alba white oak caterpillars X extremely sensitive to compaction Quercus bicolor swamp white oak caterpillars anthracnose, canker, powdery mildew X Quercus coccinea+ scarlet oak X sensitive to compaction Quercus ilicifolia+ bear oak Quercus palustris pin oak horned oak gall X
Quercus prinus chestnut oak X sensitive to compaction Quercus rubra red oak caterpillars oak wilt X sensitive to compaction Quercus velutina black oak X sensitive to compaction Salix nigra black willow X sensitive to pollution Sassafras albidum+ sassafras Japanese beetles sensitive to compaction Tilia americana basswood Japanese beetles, leaf miners, aphids, borers, scales X sensitive to compaction & salt Ulmus americana American elm aphids, leaf miner, elm leaf beetle Dutch elm disease, canker, leaf curl X Ulmus rubra slippery elm Evergreen Chamaecyparis thyoides Atlantic white cedar Juniperus virginiana eastern red cedar bagworm cedar-apple rust X sensitive to compaction Picea glauca white spruce Picea mariana black spruce within watershed, only native to high elevations of Catskills Picea rubens red spruce within watershed, only native to high elevations of Catskills Pinus resinosa red pine red pine scale Pinus rigida pitch pine X salt tolerant within watershed, only known to be native in high elevations of Sullivan Co., not tolerant of wind or salt Pinus strobus eastern white pine white pine weevil white pine blister rust X sensitive to compaction, salt & pollution; snow, ice, wind damage Pinus virginiana Virginia pine pine sawflies, ips beetles pitch canker native to EOH region; low salt tolerance, susceptible to mechanical damage Thuja occidentalis northern white cedar leaf miner, bagworms, spider mites X needs deer protection; subject to snow damage Tsuga canadensis eastern hemlock hemlock woolly adelgid X not tolerant of pollution, salt, heat, or drought; tolerant of pruning SMALL TREES (up to 25') Acer pensylvanicum* striped maple intolerant of pollution & drought Amelanchier arborea serviceberry scales, aphids rusts X sensitive to pollution & compaction Amelanchier canadensis shad bush scales, aphids rusts X pollution & compaction sensitive Amelanchier laevis smooth serviceberry scales, aphids rusts X Aronia arbutifolia red chokeberry X tolerates pollution Aronia melanocarpa purple chokeberry X more drought tolerant than A. arbutifolia Asimina triloba pawpaw Celtis occidentalis hackberry Cornus alternifolia pagoda dogwood twig blight, canker X sensitive to pollution Cornus florida flowering dogwood dogwood borer anthracnose X intolerant of heat, drought, pollution, salt Hamamelis virginiana witchhazel horned gall X sensitive to compaction, tolerant to pollution Malus coronaria American crabapple X Morus rubra red mulberry Ostrya virginiana+ hophornbeam X sensitive to compaction & salt Prunus americana wild plum tent caterpillars X thorny Salix sericea silky willow SHRUBS Alnus incana (A. rugosa) speckled alder X Alnus serrulata smooth alder X
Amelanchier stolonifera running serviceberry X Baccharis halmifolia groundsel Carpinus caroliniana musclewood Cephalanthus occidentalis buttonbush X may need periodic pruning Chamaedaphne calyculata leatherleaf Clethra alnifolia sweet pepperbush spider mites Comptonia peregrina+ sweetfern difficult to transplant Cornus ammomum silky dogwood scale X sensitive to salt Cornus canadensis bunchberry Cornus racemosa gray dogwood leaf spot X sensitive to salt, may need periodic pruning Cornus sericea red osier dogwood scale twig blight X needs periodic pruning Corylus americana American hazelnut caterpillars blight, leaf spot X tolerates pruning well Crataegus crusgalli cockspur hawthorn Diervilla lonicera northern bush honeysuckle X Dirca palustris eastern leatherwood Euonymus americanus strawberry bush Gaylussacia baccata black huckleberry Gaylussacia frondosa huckleberry Hibiscus moscheutos swamp rose mallow Hydrangea arborescens wild hydrangea aphids leaf spot, blight, powdery mildew X not winter-hardy Ilex glabra inkberry X Ilex opaca American holly leaf miner, scale leaf spot Ilex verticillata winterberry holly leaf spot, powdery mildew X sensitive to salt at northern limit of its range--not cold-hardy, not recommended for natural areas at this latitude--tolerant to air pollution & salt Kalmia angustifolia sheep laurel lacebug leaf spot X poisonous foliage, not tolerant of wind or high ph Kalmia latifolia mountain laurel lacebug leaf spot X Leucothoe racemosa sweetbells leaf spot at northern limit of its range--not tolerant of cold wind Lindera benzoin spice bush Myrica gale sweetgale X Myrica pensylvanica northern bayberry X salt tolerant, does not tolerate high ph soil Nemopanthus mucronata mountain holly Physocarpus opulifolius ninebark X Potentilla fruticosa shrubby cinquefoil spider mites X Prunus maritima beach plum Prunus pumila sand cherry Prunus virginiana choke cherry X Ptelea trifoliata Wafer-ash Rhododendron canadense white rhodora X Rhododendron periclymenoides pinxterbloom azalea X sensitive to pollution & salt Rhododendron maximum rosebay lacebug root rot X sensitive to wind, heat, high ph Rhododendron prinophyllum roseshell azalea X Rhododendron viscosum swamp azalea X sensitive to pollution & salt Rhus aromatica fragrant sumac aphids, mites, scale leaf spot, rusts X Rhus coppalina shining sumac aphids, mites, scale leaf spot, rusts X sensitive to compaction Rhus glabra smooth sumac aphids, mites, scale verticillium wilt, rusts X Rhus typhina staghorn sumac aphids, mites, scale verticillium wilt, rusts X sensitive to compaction & pollution
Ribes americanum wild black currant X alternate host for white pine blister rust Rosa carolina pasture rose X sensitive to pollution & salt; virtually thornless Rosa palustris swamp rose Rosa virginiana Virginia rose Rubus allegheniensis northern blackberry X Rubus idaeus red raspberry Rubus occidentalis black raspberry X Rubus pubescens dwarf raspberry Rubus setosus bristly blackberry Salix discolor pussy willow X sensitive to pollution Salix longifolia sandbar willow Sambucus canadensis common elder powdery mildew, leaf spot X sensitive to pollution & salt Sambucus pubens red elderberry Sibbaldiopsis tridentata three-toothed cinquefoil Sorbus americana American mountain ash X Sorbus decora showy mountain ash X Spiraea alba var. alba meadowsweet X sensitive to salt Spirea alba var. latifolia hardhack X sensitive to salt Staphylea trifolia American bladdernut X Symphoricarpos alba white snowberry X Taxus canadensis Canadian yew X sensitive to wind, heat Toxicodendron vernix poison sumac Vaccinium angustifolium lowbush blueberry X sensitive to compaction Vaccinium corymbosum highbush blueberry X Viburnum acerifolium maple-leaved viburnum nematodes leaf spot sensitive to pollution & salt Viburnum alnifolium hobblebush Viburnum cassinoides witherod X Viburnum dentatum arrowwood X Viburnum lentago nannyberry mealybugs powdery mildew X Viburnum nudum possum haw X Viburnum prunifolium black haw X sensitive to salt & compaction Viburnum trilobum American cranberrybush X WOODY/SHRUBBY GROUND COVERS Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bearberry salt tolerant but sensitive to heat & wind Chimaphila maculata spotted wintergreen Gaultheria procumbens wintergreen not drought tolerant Juniperus communis common juniper Juniperus horizontalis creeping juniper Mitchella repens partridge berry Pachysandra procumbens Allegheny spurge Epigaea repens+ trailing arbutus hard to transplant WILDFLOWERS/GROUND COVERS Acorus calamus sweet flag
Actaea pachypoda doll's eyes Actaea rubra red baneberry tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Agastache nepetoides yellow giant hyssop Agastache scrophulariaefolia purple giant hyssop Allium canadense wild garlic Allium cernuum nodding wild onion easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Allium tricoccum wild leek Alisma triviale water plantain Anaphalis margaritacea pearly everlasting Anemone canadensis Canada anemone Anemone virginiana thimbleweed Angelica atropurpurea great angelica Antennaria plataginifolia pussytoes Aplectrum hyemale puttyroot Aquilegia canadensis wild columbine tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Aralia nudicaulis wild sarsaparilla Aralia racemosa spikenard Arisaema draconitum green dragon Arisaema triphyllum jack in the pulpit Asarum canadense wild ginger Asclepias incarnata swamp milkwed Asclepias purpurascens purple milkweed Asclepias syriaca> common milkweed Asclepias tuberosa butterflyweed tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Asclepias verticillata whorled milkweed Bidens laevis bur marigold Boehmeria cylindrica false nettle Calla palustris water arum Caltha palustris marsh marigold Campanula rotundifolia round-leaved bellflower Caulophyllum thalictroides blue cohosh tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Ceanothus americanus New Jersey tea Chamaecrista fasciculata partridge pea Chamerion angustifolium+ (Epilobium angustifolium) fireweed Chelone glabra white turtlehead Chrysosplenium americanum (X) golden saxifrage Cicuta bulbifera# water hemlock deadly poisonous! Cimifuga racemosa black cohosh Circaea lutetiana+ enchanters nightshade Claytonia caroliniana Carolina spring beauty Claytonia virginica spring beauty Clintonia borealis bluebead lily Coptis trifolia goldthread Coreopsis lanceolata lance-leaf coreopsis Coreopsis rosea pink tickseed easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Corydalis sempervirens pink corydalis easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions
Cyripedium acaule pink lady's slipper Cypripedium pubescens greater yellow lady's slipper Cypripedium reginae showy lady's slipper Dentaria diphylla twin-leaf toothwort Desmodium canadense+ showy tick-trefoil easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Dicentra canadensis squirrel corn Dicentra cucullaria dutchman's breeches Dicentra eximia wild bleeding heart easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Doellingeria infirma (Aster infirmus) cornel-leaved aster Doellingeria umbellata (Aster umbellatus) flat-topped aster Drosera rotundifolia sundew Elodea canadensis Canada waterweed Epilobium coloratum eastern willow-herb Epilobium leptophyllum American marsh willow herb Erythronium americanum trout lily Eupatoriadelphus dubius coastal joe-pye weed Eupatorium fistulosum hollow stemmed joe-pye weed Eupatorium hyssopifolium hyssop-leaved thoroughwort Eupatorium maculatum spotted Joe Pye Weed easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Eupatorium perfoliatum boneset Eupatorium purpureum purple node joe pye weed Eupatorium rugosum white snakeroot Eurybia divaricata (Aster divaricatus) white wood aster Euthamia graminifolia grass-leaved goldenrod Gentiana andrewsii prairie bottle gentian Gentiana clausa meadow bottle gentian Geranium maculatum wild geranium Geranium robertianum herb robert Geum laciniatum rough avens Geum virginianum cream avens Goodyera pubescens downy rattlesnake orchid Guem canadense white avens Helenium autumnale sneezeweed Helianthus angustifolius+ swamp sunflower Helianthus decapetalus thinleaf woodland sunflower Helianthus divaricatus woodland sunflower Helianthus giganteus tall sunflower Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke Heliopsis helianthoides false or ox-eye sunflower easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Hepatica nobilis var acuta sharp-lobed hepatica Hepatica nobilis var obtusa round-lobed hepatica Heuchera americana common alumroot tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Hibiscus moscheutos rose mallow brackish marshes near coast only Houstonia caerulea bluets Hydrastis canadensis goldenseal Hydrocotyle americana marsh pennywort
Hydrophyllum virginianum Virginia waterleaf Hypericum mutilum dwart St. John's wort Hypericum punctatum spotted St. Johns wort Impatiens capensis Jewelweed Impatiens pallida pale jewelweed Iris prismatica slender blue flag iris Iris versicolor blue flag iris Jeffersonia diphylla twinleaf Laportea canadensis+ wood nettle Lemna minor lesser duckweed floating aquatic; fish food in ponds Lespedeza capitata> round-headed bush clover Liatris scariosa var. nova-angliae New Englands blazing star Lilium canadense Canada lily Lilium philadelphicum Wood lily Lilium superbum turk's-cap lily Linaria canadensis> (Nuttallanthus canadensis) blue toadflax Lindernia dubia false pimpernel Lobelia cardinalis cardinal flower easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Lobelia inflata indian tobacco Lobelia siphilitica great blue lobelia easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Ludwigia palustris common water purslane Lupinus perennis wild blue lupine Lycopus uniflorus northern bugleweed Lysimachia ciliata fringed loosestrife Lysimachia terrestris swamp candles Lysimachia thrysiflora swamp loosestrife Maianthemum canadense Canada mayflower Maianthemum stellatum+ star-flowered Solomon's seal Marshallia grandiflora Barbara's buttons Medeola virginiana Indian cucumber Mimulus ringens monkeyflower Mitella diphylla miterwort Monarda didyma bee-balm mildew easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Monarda fistulosa> wild bergamot mildew Monarda punctata spotted horsemint Myosotis laxa forget me not Nuphar lutea yellow pond-lily Nymphaea odorata fragrant water-lily Nymphoides cordata little floating heart Oenothera biennis evening primrose Oenothera fruticosa narrow-leaved sundrops Oenothera perennis> sundrops easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Opuntia humifusa eastern prickly pear Orchis spectabilis showy orchis Orontium aquaticum golden club Osmorhiza claytoni sweet cicely anise-scented root
Packera aurea golden ragwort Packera obovata roundleaf ragwort Panax quinquefolius ginseng Parnassia glauca grass-of-parnassus Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Pedicularis canadensis> wood betony Peltandra virginica arrow arum Penstemon digitalis+ foxglove beardtongue easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Penstemon hirsutus hairy beardtongue easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Penthorum sedoides> ditch stonecrop Phlox divaricata wild blue phlox Phlox pilosa prairie phlox Phlox subulata moss phlox Phryma leptostachya lopseed Physostegia virginiana obedient plant tends to spread in sandy soils Phytolacca americana# pokeweed berries are poisonous Platanthera blephariglottis (Habenaria blephariglottis) white fringed orchid Podophyllum peltatum# mayapple leaves, stems are poisonous Pogonia ophioglossoides rose pogonia Polemonium reptans Jacobs ladder, Greek valerian tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Polygala paucifolia gaywings Polygonatum biflorum solomon's seal Polygonum arifolium halberd leaved tearthumb Polygonatum biflorum smooth Solomons seal Polygonatum pubescens hairy Solomons seal Polygonum amphibium water smartweed Polygonum hydropiperoides false water pepper Polygonum punctatum+ dotted smartweed Polygonum sagittatum+ arrow leaved tearthumb leaf edges have sharp hairs Polygonum virginianum+ jumpseed Pontederia cordata pickerel weed Porteranthus stipulata American ipecac Poerteranthus trifoliata bowman's root Prenanthes alba+ white lettuce varied leaf shapes Prenanthes altissima+ tall white lettuce varied leaf shapes Pycnanthemum incanum hoary mountain mint mint-scented plant Pycnanthemum muticum showy mountain mint Pycnanthemum tenuifolium narrow-leaved mountain mint mint-scented plant Pycnanthemum virginicum Virginian mountain mint Pyrola elliptica+ shinleaf Ranunculus fasciculatus+ early buttercup Ranunculus hispidus+ swamp buttercup Rhexia mariana Maryland meadow beauty Rhexia virginica Virginia meadow beauty Rudbeckia hirta black-eyed Susan easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Rudbeckia laciniata green-headed coneflower
Sagittaria latifolia common arrow head Salvia lyrata lyre-leaf sage Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot Saururus cernuus lizard's tail Saxifraga pensylvanica swamp saxifrage Scutellaria incana hoary skullcap Scutellaria integrifolia helmet skullcap Scutellaria lateriflora maddog skullcap Scutellaria serrata showy skullcap Senecio aureus heart leaved groundsel Silene stellata starry campion Sisyrinchium angustifolium blue-eyed grass Sium suave water parsnip Smilacina racemosa false Solomon's seal Solidago caesia> blue-stemmed goldenrod Solidago canadensis> Canada goldenrod easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Solidago flexicaulis> zigzag goldenrod Solidago gigantea> smooth goldenrod Solidago juncea early goldenrod Solidago nemoralis dyersweed goldenrod Solidago odora anise-scented goldenrod Solidago patula> rough leaved goldenrod Solidago puberula> downy goldenrod Solidago rugosa> wrinkle leaved goldenrod Solidago sempervirens seaside goldenrod Solidago speciosa showy goldenrod Spiranthes cernua nodding ladies tresses Stellaria alsine bog stitchwort Stellaria borealis northern stitchwort Symphyotrichum cordifolium blue wood aster Symphyotrichum ericoides heath aster Symphyotrichum laeve smooth aster easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (Aster nova-anglia) New England aster easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Aster novi-belgii (Symphyotrichum novi-belgii) New York Aster easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Symphyotrichum pilosum (Aster pilosus)> heath aster Symphyotrichum puniceum (Aster puniceus) purple-stemmed aster Symplocarpus foetidus skunk cabbage Tephrosia virginiana+ goat's rue Thalictrum pubescens tall meadow rue Thalictrum thalictroides rue anemone Tiarella cordifolia running foamflower tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant Tradescantia virginiana common spiderwort Triadenum virginicum marsh St. John's wort Trientalis borealis star flower Trillium erectum red trillium Trillium flexipes nodding trillium
Trillium grandiflorum great white trillium Typha latifolia common cattail Typha angustifolia narrow-leaved cattail Uvularia grandiflora great merrybells Uvularia perfoliata bellwort Uvularia sessilifolia wild oats Vallisneria american eelgrass Verbena hastata blue vervain Verbena urticifolia white vervain Vernonia noveboracensis New York ironweed Veronica scutellata narrow-leaved speedwell Veronicastrum virginicum Culver's root Viola canadensis Canada violet easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Viola cucullata swamp violet Viola blanda sweet white violet Viola labradorica alpine violet Viola sororia common violet easy to grow; tolerates a wide range of conditions Viola striata cream violet Zizia aptera heart-leaf Alexanders Zizia aurea golden Alexanders FERNS Adiantum pedatum maidenhair fern Asplenium platyneuron ebony spleenwort Athyrium filix-femina lady fern tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant for contrast Dennstaedtia punctilobula* hay scented fern Dryopteris clintoniana Clinton's fern Dryopteris cristata crested woodfern Drypoteris carthusiana toothed woodfern Dryopteris goldiana Goldie's fern Dryopteris marginalis marginal woodfern Matteucia struthiopteris ostrich fern Onoclea sensibilis sensitive fern Osmunda cinnamomea cinnamon fern Osmunda claytonia interrupted fern Osmunda regalis royal fern Polypodium virginianum common polypody Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern tolerates shady, dry conditions; good flower garden plant for contrast Polystichum braunii Braun's holly fern Polypodium virginianum rock polypody Thelypteris noveboracensis New York fern Thelypteris palustris marsh fern Woodsia obtusa bluntlobe cliff fern Woodwardia virginica Virginia chain fern
GRASSES AND GRASS-LIKE PLANTS Andropogon gerardii big bluestem Andropogon virginicus broomsedge Bouteloua curtipendula sideoats grama Bromus purgans hairy wood chess Calamagrostis canadensis bluejoint Carex baileyi Bailey's sedge Carex comosa bearded sedge Carex crinita crinkled sedge Carex flaccosperma blue wood sedge Carex grayi Gray's sedge Carex intumescens bladder sedge Carex lupulina hop sedge Carex lurida lurid sedge Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Carex plantaginea plantain-leaved sedge Carex platyphylla broad-leaved sedge Carex scoparia broom sedge Carex stipata awl-fruited sedge Carex stricta tussock sedge Carex vulpinoidea fox sedge Cinna arundinacea common woodreed Cyperus strigosus umbrella sedge Deschampia cespitosa tufted hairgrass Dulichium arundinaceum three way sedge Eleocharis acicularis needle spikerush Eleocharis obtusa blunt spike rush Elymus canadensis Canada wild rye Elymus hystrix bottlebrush grass Elymus riparius riverbank wild rye Elymus virginicus Virginia wild rye Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass Equisetum arvense Common horsetail Equisetum hyemale horsetail rush Glyceria canadensis Canada mannagrass Glyceria septentrionalis Eastern mannagrass Glyceria striata Fowl mannagrass Juncus canadensis Canada rush Juncus effusus soft rush Juncus tenuis path rush Leersia oryzoides rice cutgrass Leersia virginica white grass Luzula acuminata hairy woodrush Luzula multiflora common woodrush Muhlenbergia capillaris hairy-awn muhly salt-tolerant Panicum clandestinum deer tongue grass
Panicum rigidulum redtop panicgrass Panicum virgatum switchgrass Phalaris arundinacea reed canary grass Phragmites australis common reed grass Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem Scirpus atrovirens green bulrush Scirpus cyperinus wool grass Scirpus pungens common threesquare Scirpus validus softstem bulrush Sorghastrum nutans indiangrass Sporobolus clandestinus rough dropseed Sporobolus heterolepsis prairie dropseed Sparganium androcladum branching burr reed Sparganium americanum burreed Spartina alterniflora smooth cordgrass Spartina pectinata freshwater cordgrass Tripsacum dactyloides northern gamagrass salt-tolerant VINES/CREEPING GROUND COVERS Adlumia fungosa climbing fumitory Amphicarpaea bracteata hog peanut Apios americana common groundnut Aristolochia durior dutchman's pipe Clematis virginiana virgin's bower Fragaria vesca wood strawberry Fragaria virginiana wild strawberry Humulus lupulus hops Lonicera dioica limber honeysuckle Lonicera sempervirens trumpet honeysuckle leaf spot, powdery mildew Mikania scandens climbing hempweed Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper scale, leaf hoppers leaf spot, canker X salt tolerant Polygonum scandens climbing false buckwheat Potentilla simplex common cinquefoil Toxicodendron radicans poison ivy Veronica peregrina purslane speedwell Vitis labrusca fox grape Waldsteinia fragarioides barren strawberry KEY to SYMBOLS *considered invasive although a native plant +may be difficult to find commercially available
#caution, plant part is poisonous >may be difficult to find except as seed