Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released May 10, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Up 4 Percent from 2015 Orange Production Up 4 Percent from April Forecast Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.43 billion bushels, up 4 percent from 2015. As of May 1, the United States yield is forecast at 47.8 bushels per acre, up 5.3 bushels from last year. If realized, this will equal the record yield set in 1999. Hard Red Winter production, at 863 million bushels, is up 4 percent from a year ago. Soft Red Winter, at 357 million bushels, is down nearly 1 percent from 2015. White Winter, at 208 million bushels, is up 13 percent from last year. Of the White Winter production, 17.4 million bushels are Hard White and 191 million bushels are Soft White. The United States all orange forecast for the 2015-2016 season is 5.82 million tons, up 4 percent from the previous forecast but down 9 percent from the 2014-2015 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 81.1 million boxes (3.65 million tons), is up 7 percent from last month s forecast but down 16 percent from last season s final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 36.1 million boxes (1.63 million tons), up slightly from last month but down 24 percent from last season s final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 45.0 million boxes (2.03 million tons), is up 13 percent from last month but down 9 percent from last season s final utilization. Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2015-2016 season is 1.41 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, down 1 percent from the previous month s forecast and down 6 percent from last season s final yield of 1.50 gallons per box. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.35 gallons per box, down 5 percent from last season s final yield of 1.42 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is projected at 1.48 gallons per box, down 3 percent from the previous forecast and down 6 percent from last year s final yield of 1.58 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons.
This report was approved on May 10, 2016. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Michael T. Scuse Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Hubert Hamer 2 Crop Production (May 2016)
Contents Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 6 Wheat Production by Class United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 6 Hay Stocks on Farms States and United States: December 1 and May 1, 2014-2016... 7 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop States and United States: 2014-2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 9 Spring Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 10 Peach Production by Type California: 2014, 2015, and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 10 Almonds Utilized Production California: 2014, 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016... 10 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2014 and 2015... 11 Tobacco Price and Value States and United States: 2014 and 2015... 11 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by Class and Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015... 12 Cotton Area Planted, Harvested, and Yield by Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015... 14 Cotton Production and Bales Ginned by Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015... 15 Cottonseed Production and Farm Disposition States and United States: 2014 and 2015... 16 Cotton Harvest Loss per Acre Selected States: 2011-2015... 16 Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts Selected States: 2011-2015... 17 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units United States: 2015 and 2016... 18 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units United States: 2015 and 2016... 20 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units United States: 2015 and 2016... 22 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units United States: 2015 and 2016... 23 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map... 24 Departure from Normal Temperature Map... 24 April Weather Summary... 25 April Agricultural Summary... 25 Crop Production (May 2016) 3
Crop Comments... 27 Statistical Methodology... 30 Information Contacts... 32 4 Crop Production (May 2016)
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 State Arkansas... California... Colorado... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Kansas... Kentucky... Maryland... Michigan... Area harvested Yield per acre Production 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) 240 150 2,140 700 520 260 8,700 440 270 475 150 200 1,950 700 520 320 8,200 410 250 560 56.0 70.0 37.0 82.0 65.0 68.0 37.0 73.0 64.0 81.0 53.0 78.0 38.0 84.0 68.0 73.0 43.0 74.0 70.0 84.0 13,440 10,500 79,180 57,400 33,800 17,680 321,900 32,120 17,280 38,475 7,950 15,600 74,100 58,800 35,360 23,360 352,600 30,340 17,500 47,040 Mississippi... Missouri... Montana... Nebraska... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma... Oregon... South Dakota... 120 610 2,220 1,210 570 190 480 3,800 735 970 70 580 2,100 1,250 410 130 550 3,300 675 1,050 48.0 53.0 41.0 38.0 53.0 44.0 67.0 26.0 47.0 44.0 55.0 59.0 41.0 49.0 51.0 50.0 74.0 32.0 57.0 52.0 5,760 32,330 91,020 45,980 30,210 8,360 32,160 98,800 34,545 42,680 3,850 34,220 86,100 61,250 20,910 6,500 40,700 105,600 38,475 54,600 Tennessee... Texas... Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin... 395 3,550 210 1,590 210 380 2,800 185 1,650 270 68.0 30.0 66.0 56.0 74.0 72.0 30.0 63.0 64.0 76.0 26,860 106,500 13,860 89,040 15,540 27,360 84,000 11,655 105,600 20,520 Other States 1... 1,502 1,171 49.8 53.9 74,768 63,094 United States... 32,257 29,831 42.5 47.8 1,370,188 1 Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2016 Summary report. 1,427,084 Crop Production (May 2016) 5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun. Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in Acreage released June 2016. Yield and production will be published in Crop Production released July 2016] State Arizona... California... Montana... North Dakota... Area harvested Yield per acre Production 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) 140 60 605 1,075 89 55 101.0 103.0 31.0 39.5 106.0 111.0 14,140 6,180 18,755 42,463 9,434 6,105 Other States 1... 16 59.1 946 United States... 1,896 43.5 82,484 1 Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2016 Summary. Wheat Production by Class United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available] Crop 2015 2016 Winter Hard red... Soft red... Hard white... Soft white... (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) 826,913 359,055 15,914 168,306 862,522 356,569 17,386 190,607 Spring Hard red... Hard white... Soft white... Durum... Total... 564,107 5,526 29,447 82,484 2,051,752 6 Crop Production (May 2016)
Hay Stocks on Farms States and United States: December 1 and May 1, 2014-2016 State Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Connecticut... Delaware... Florida... Georgia... Idaho... December 1 May 1 2014 2015 2015 2016 (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) 1,495 320 2,050 1,750 1,800 48 28 570 1,030 2,250 1,600 310 1,750 1,900 1,900 45 20 560 1,100 2,500 210 40 540 320 600 7 2 42 195 900 265 55 530 340 800 4 2 55 195 950 Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Maine... Maryland... Massachusetts... Michigan... 1,300 1,070 2,950 3,700 3,300 820 130 285 50 2,000 1,120 760 3,280 5,100 4,150 620 139 370 56 1,800 300 320 700 1,120 610 185 26 70 7 490 300 185 620 1,350 800 150 26 78 14 440 Minnesota... Mississippi... Missouri... Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Hampshire... New Jersey... New Mexico... New York... 3,050 900 5,500 4,600 4,600 751 43 118 435 1,330 3,150 950 5,600 3,700 5,100 550 42 80 400 1,265 720 165 1,650 1,300 1,250 230 7 7 110 243 770 145 1,585 1,025 1,450 215 6 20 115 189 North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma... Oregon... Pennsylvania... Rhode Island... South Carolina... South Dakota... Tennessee... 1,300 5,400 1,550 5,100 1,640 1,720 7 370 6,000 3,050 1,120 5,100 1,490 5,450 2,000 2,100 6 360 6,600 3,100 265 1,520 430 1,440 375 265 1 80 2,300 630 260 1,450 355 1,450 440 390 1 75 2,200 550 Texas... Utah... Vermont... Virginia... Washington... West Virginia... Wisconsin... Wyoming... 7,500 1,190 182 1,950 1,450 910 2,960 1,500 8,000 1,150 150 2,000 1,400 850 2,900 1,300 2,300 430 35 370 270 220 730 490 2,500 410 35 420 400 190 810 525 United States... 92,052 94,993 24,517 25,140 Crop Production (May 2016) 7
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Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop States and United States: 2014-2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] Crop and State Oranges California, all 2... Early, mid, and Navel 2 3... Valencia 2... Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent 2014-2015 2015-2016 2014-2015 2015-2016 (1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) 48,600 39,100 9,500 52,500 42,000 10,500 1,944 1,564 380 2,100 1,680 420 Florida, all... Early, mid, and Navel 3... Valencia... 96,950 47,400 49,550 81,100 36,100 45,000 4,363 2,133 2,230 3,650 1,625 2,025 Texas, all 2... Early, mid, and Navel 2 3... Valencia 2... 1,452 1,170 282 1,570 1,350 220 62 50 12 66 57 9 United States, all... Early, mid, and Navel 3... Valencia... 147,002 87,670 59,332 135,170 79,450 55,720 6,369 3,747 2,622 5,816 3,362 2,454 Grapefruit California 2... Florida, all... Red... White... Texas 2... 4,300 12,900 9,650 3,250 4,250 3,900 10,850 8,350 2,500 5,200 172 548 410 138 170 156 461 355 106 208 United States... 21,450 19,950 890 825 Tangerines and mandarins Arizona 4 5... California 2 4... Florida... 170 18,500 2,265 22,000 1,420 7 740 108 880 67 United States... 20,935 23,420 855 947 Lemons 2 Arizona... California... 2,000 20,600 1,500 21,000 80 824 60 840 United States... 22,600 22,500 904 900 Tangelos Florida... 665 Not available. 1 Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80; tangelos-90. 2 Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of Temples in Florida. 4 Includes tangelos and tangors. 5 Estimates discontinued in 2015-2016. 390 30 18 Crop Production (May 2016) 9
Spring Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 State Arizona 1... California... Florida... North Carolina 2... Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre Production 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt) 3.6 23.0 30.0 13.5 25.0 27.0 3.5 22.7 29.6 12.7 24.7 26.2 290 430 230 210 410 250 1,015 9,761 6,808 2,667 10,127 6,550 United States... 70.1 52.0 68.5 50.9 296 328 20,251 16,677 Not available. 1 Estimates discontinued in 2016. 2 Beginning in 2016, North Carolina estimates included with summer states. Peach Production by Type California: 2014, 2015, and Forecasted May 1, 2016 Total production Type 2014 2015 2016 (tons) (tons) (tons) Freestone... 288,000 253,000 260,000 Clingstone 1... 332,000 306,000 320,000 Total... 620,000 1 California Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. 559,000 580,000 Almonds Utilized Production California: 2014, 2015 and Forecasted May 1, 2016 State Utilized production (shelled basis) 2014 2015 2016 (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds) California... 1,870,000 1,890,000 2,000,000 10 Crop Production (May 2016)
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production States and United States: 2014 and 2015 State Connecticut... Georgia... Kentucky... Massachusetts... North Carolina... Ohio... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... Tennessee... Virginia... Area harvested Yield per acre Production 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 (acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds) 15,000 91,700 193,400 2,000 9,100 15,800 24,250 24,330 13,500 72,900 173,000 1,900 7,900 13,000 20,900 23,050 2,300 2,337 2,347 2,150 2,445 2,100 2,151 2,370 2,400 2,055 2,198 1,900 2,290 2,000 2,333 2,275 34,500 214,280 453,860 4,300 22,250 33,180 52,155 57,651 32,400 149,830 380,250 3,610 18,090 26,000 48,770 52,430 Other States 1... 2,780 2,500 1,525 1,826 4,239 4,566 United States... 378,360 328,650 2,316 2,178 876,415 715,946 Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1 Includes data withheld above. Tobacco Price and Value States and United States: 2014 and 2015 State Connecticut... Georgia... Kentucky... Massachusetts... North Carolina... Ohio... Pennsylvania... South Carolina... Tennessee... Virginia... Price per pound Value of production 2014 2015 2014 2015 (dollars) (dollars) (1,000 dollars) (1,000 dollars) 2.070 2.091 2.009 1.960 1.925 2.110 2.325 2.075 1.890 2.120 1.850 1.900 1.973 1.880 2.354 2.028 71,415 448,132 911,833 8,428 42,833 70,010 121,244 119,636 61,236 317,663 703,648 6,859 35,688 48,880 114,804 106,353 Other States 1... 9.855 8.534 41,777 38,968 United States... 2.094 2.003 1,835,308 1,434,099 Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1 Includes data withheld above. Crop Production (May 2016) 11
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by Class and Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015 Class, type, and State Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) Georgia... North Carolina... South Carolina... Virginia... Area harvested Yield per acre Production 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 (acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) 15,000 192,000 15,800 22,500 13,500 172,000 13,000 21,500 2,300 2,350 2,100 2,400 2,400 2,200 2,000 2,300 (1,000 pounds) 34,500 451,200 33,180 54,000 (1,000 pounds) 32,400 378,400 26,000 49,450 United States... 245,300 220,000 2,335 2,210 572,880 486,250 Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) Kentucky... Tennessee... Virginia... 10,700 7,600 330 9,900 7,700 250 3,400 2,900 2,200 3,200 3,100 2,300 36,380 22,040 726 31,680 23,870 575 United States... 18,630 17,850 3,175 3,144 59,146 56,125 Class 3A, Light air-cured Type 31, Burley Kentucky... North Carolina... Ohio... Pennsylvania... Tennessee... Virginia... 76,000 1,400 2,000 5,100 15,500 1,500 58,000 1,000 1,900 4,700 12,000 1,300 2,150 1,900 2,150 2,500 1,750 1,950 1,800 1,850 1,900 2,300 1,800 1,850 163,400 2,660 4,300 12,750 27,125 2,925 104,400 1,850 3,610 10,810 21,600 2,405 United States... 101,500 78,900 2,100 1,834 213,160 144,675 Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt Pennsylvania... 2,000 1,600 2,350 2,200 4,700 3,520 Total light air-cured (31-32)... 103,500 80,500 2,105 1,841 217,860 148,195 Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) Kentucky... Tennessee... 5,000 1,150 5,000 1,200 2,900 2,600 2,750 2,750 14,500 2,990 13,750 3,300 United States... 6,150 6,200 2,844 2,750 17,490 17,050 Class 4, Cigar filler Pennsylvania... 2,000 1,600 2,400 2,350 4,800 3,760 Class 5, Cigar binder Type 51, Connecticut Valley Broadleaf Connecticut... Massachusetts... United States... Class 6, Cigar wrapper Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown Connecticut... Massachusetts... United States... Other Cigar Types (51-61)... 2,780 2,500 1,525 1,826 4,239 4,566 Total cigar types (41-61)... 4,780 4,100 1,891 2,031 9,039 8,326 All tobacco United States... See footnote(s) at end of table. 378,360 328,650 2,316 2,178 876,415 715,946 --continued 12 Crop Production (May 2016)
Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value by Class and Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015 (continued) Class, type, and State Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) Georgia... North Carolina... South Carolina... Virginia... Price per pound Value of production 2014 2015 2014 2015 (dollars) (dollars) (1,000 dollars) (1,000 dollars) 2.070 2.010 2.110 2.080 1.890 1.850 1.880 2.030 71,415 906,912 70,010 112,320 61,236 700,040 48,880 100,384 United States... 2.026 1.873 1,160,657 910,540 Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) Kentucky... Tennessee... Virginia... 2.660 2.710 2.180 2.680 2.700 2.140 96,771 59,728 1,583 84,902 64,449 1,231 United States... 2.673 2.683 158,082 150,582 Class 3A, Light air-cured Type 31, Burley Kentucky... North Carolina... Ohio... Pennsylvania... Tennessee... Virginia... 1.940 1.850 1.960 1.850 2.000 1.960 1.920 1.950 1.900 1.950 1.960 1.970 316,996 4,921 8,428 23,588 54,250 5,733 200,448 3,608 6,859 21,080 42,336 4,738 United States... 1.942 1.929 413,916 279,069 Type 32, Southern Maryland Pennsylvania... 1.950 1.800 9,165 6,336 Total light air-cured (31-32)... 1.942 1.926 423,081 285,405 Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) Kentucky... Tennessee... 2.370 2.430 2.350 2.430 34,365 7,266 32,313 8,019 United States... 2.380 2.366 41,631 40,332 Class 4, Cigar filler Pennsylvania... 2.100 2.200 10,080 8,272 Class 5, Cigar binder Type 51, Connecticut Valley Broadleaf Connecticut... Massachusetts... United States... Class 6, Cigar wrapper Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown Connecticut... Massachusetts... United States... Other Cigar Types (51-61)... 9.855 8.534 41,777 38,968 Total cigar types (41-61)... 5.737 5.674 51,857 47,240 All tobacco United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 2.094 2.003 1,835,308 1,434,099 Crop Production (May 2016) 13
Cotton Area Planted, Harvested, and Yield by Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015 Type and State Upland Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Florida... Georgia... Kansas... Louisiana... Mississippi... Missouri... Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) 350.0 150.0 335.0 57.0 107.0 1,380.0 31.0 170.0 425.0 250.0 315.0 89.0 210.0 47.0 85.0 1,130.0 16.0 115.0 320.0 185.0 348.0 149.0 330.0 56.0 105.0 1,370.0 29.0 168.0 420.0 245.0 307.0 88.0 207.0 46.0 83.0 1,120.0 16.0 112.0 315.0 175.0 901 1,579 1,145 1,834 878 900 794 1,154 1,232 1,117 866 1,511 1,092 1,722 885 966 1,050 810 1,024 1,097 New Mexico... North Carolina... Oklahoma... South Carolina... Tennessee... Texas... Virginia... 43.0 465.0 240.0 280.0 275.0 6,200.0 87.0 35.0 385.0 215.0 235.0 155.0 4,800.0 85.0 33.0 460.0 210.0 278.0 270.0 4,600.0 86.0 31.0 355.0 205.0 136.0 140.0 4,500.0 84.0 931 1,038 615 912 878 644 1,239 929 713 876 547 1,046 610 817 United States... 10,845.0 8,422.0 9,157.0 7,920.0 826 755 American Pima Arizona... California... New Mexico... Texas... 15.0 155.0 5.4 17.0 17.5 117.0 7.0 17.0 14.5 154.0 5.3 16.0 17.0 116.0 6.9 15.0 993 1,558 761 840 875 1,494 904 896 United States... 192.4 158.5 189.8 154.9 1,432 1,342 All Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Florida... Georgia... Kansas... Louisiana... Mississippi... Missouri... 350.0 165.0 335.0 212.0 107.0 1,380.0 31.0 170.0 425.0 250.0 315.0 106.5 210.0 164.0 85.0 1,130.0 16.0 115.0 320.0 185.0 348.0 163.5 330.0 210.0 105.0 1,370.0 29.0 168.0 420.0 245.0 307.0 105.0 207.0 162.0 83.0 1,120.0 16.0 112.0 315.0 175.0 901 1,527 1,145 1,632 878 900 794 1,154 1,232 1,117 866 1,408 1,092 1,559 885 966 1,050 810 1,024 1,097 New Mexico... North Carolina... Oklahoma... South Carolina... Tennessee... Texas... Virginia... 48.4 465.0 240.0 280.0 275.0 6,217.0 87.0 42.0 385.0 215.0 235.0 155.0 4,817.0 85.0 38.3 460.0 210.0 278.0 270.0 4,616.0 86.0 37.9 355.0 205.0 136.0 140.0 4,515.0 84.0 907 1,038 615 912 878 645 1,239 925 713 876 547 1,046 611 817 United States... 11,037.4 8,580.5 9,346.8 8,074.9 838 766 14 Crop Production (May 2016)
Cotton Production and Bales Ginned by Type States and United States: 2014 and 2015 Type and State Upland Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Florida... Georgia... Kansas... Louisiana... Mississippi... Missouri... Production in 480-pound net weight bales 1 Lint seed ratio 2 Bales ginned in 480-pound net weight bales 3 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 (1,000 bales) (1,000 bales) (ratio) (ratio) (bales) (bales) 653.0 490.0 787.0 214.0 192.0 2,570.0 48.0 404.0 1,078.0 570.0 554.0 277.0 471.0 165.0 153.0 2,255.0 35.0 189.0 672.0 400.0 658,400 466,850 818,200 238,750 142,100 2,614,800 50,800 411,900 991,800 590,900 545,500 267,750 491,050 175,250 113,950 2,294,300 37,800 196,850 629,150 414,050 New Mexico... North Carolina... Oklahoma... South Carolina... Tennessee... Texas... Virginia... 64.0 995.0 269.0 528.0 494.0 6,175.0 222.0 60.0 527.0 374.0 155.0 305.0 5,720.0 143.0 35,450 1,051,250 246,550 486,050 506,900 6,214,250 203,300 19,200 540,750 350,650 142,850 308,000 5,771,000 136,000 United States... 15,753.0 12,455.0 15,728,250 12,434,100 American Pima Arizona... California... New Mexico... Texas... 30.0 500.0 8.4 28.0 31.0 361.0 13.0 28.0 30,300 498,950 9,600 26,700 31,300 360,650 14,600 26,000 United States... 566.4 433.0 565,550 432,550 All Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Florida... Georgia... Kansas... Louisiana... Mississippi... Missouri... 653.0 520.0 787.0 714.0 192.0 2,570.0 48.0 404.0 1,078.0 570.0 554.0 308.0 471.0 526.0 153.0 2,255.0 35.0 189.0 672.0 400.0 0.406 0.454 0.415 0.438 0.419 0.468 0.425 0.429 658,400 497,150 818,200 737,700 142,100 2,614,800 50,800 411,900 991,800 590,900 545,500 299,050 491,050 535,900 113,950 2,294,300 37,800 196,850 629,150 414,050 New Mexico... North Carolina... Oklahoma... South Carolina... Tennessee... Texas... Virginia... 72.4 995.0 269.0 528.0 494.0 6,203.0 222.0 73.0 527.0 374.0 155.0 305.0 5,748.0 143.0 0.442 0.433 0.448 0.428 45,050 1,051,250 246,550 486,050 506,900 6,240,950 203,300 33,800 540,750 350,650 142,850 308,000 5,797,000 136,000 United States... 16,319.4 12,888.0 Not available. 1 Production ginned and to be ginned. 2 Estimates available only for the 6 States shown. 3 Equivalent 480-pound net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-state movement. 16,293,800 12,866,650 Crop Production (May 2016) 15
Cottonseed Production and Farm Disposition States and United States: 2014 and 2015 State Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Florida... Georgia... Kansas... Louisiana... Mississippi... Missouri... Production Sales to oil mills Farm disposition Other 1 Seed for planting 2 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) 193.0 180.0 275.0 267.0 53.0 740.0 15.0 136.0 333.0 200.0 162.0 98.0 156.0 199.0 41.0 615.0 11.0 61.0 215.0 154.0 40.0-191.0 48.0 41.0 304.0-106.0 216.0 140.0 22.0-106.0 31.0 31.0 266.0-47.0 122.0 102.0 153.0 180.0 84.0 219.0 12.0 436.0 15.0 30.0 117.0 60.0 140.0 98.0 50.0 168.0 10.0 349.0 11.0 14.0 93.0 52.0 1.5 0.9 1.4 1.2 0.5 5.3 0.1 0.8 2.5 1.1 1.8 0.9 1.8 1.6 0.4 5.6 0.1 1.0 2.9 1.5 New Mexico... North Carolina... Oklahoma... South Carolina... Tennessee... Texas... Virginia... 24.0 302.0 87.0 156.0 152.0 1,946.0 66.0 24.0 156.0 121.0 43.0 105.0 1,844.0 38.0-50.0 63.0 72.0 132.0 1,046.0 10.0-28.0 84.0 17.0 89.0 964.0 7.0 24.0 252.0 24.0 84.0 20.0 900.0 56.0 24.0 128.0 37.0 26.0 16.0 880.0 31.0 0.3 2.4 1.4 1.1 1.1 33.7 0.5 0.3 1.9 1.5 1.1 1.5 29.3 0.5 United States... 5,125.0 4,043.0 2,459.0 1,916.0 2,666.0 - Represents zero. 1 Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2 Included in "other" farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 2,127.0 55.8 53.7 Cotton Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2015. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Cotton Harvest Loss per Acre Selected States: 2011-2015 State 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Arkansas... Georgia... Louisiana... Mississippi... North Carolina... Texas... (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) 93 99 148 100 277 66 110 158 212 110 119 41 125 158 152 128 99 68 176 184 149 103 109 43 69 197 83 80 163 36 16 Crop Production (May 2016)
Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts Selected States: 2011-2015 [Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] State and month 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Arkansas September... October... November... December... Final... (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) 901 845 867 868 868 841 852 856 856 856 1,025 855 862 862 910 741 771 773 773 763 769 856 856 856 Georgia September... October... November... December... Final... 531 577 659 665 666 656 646 756 768 768 481 663 669 670 660 660 717 718 719 645 630 748 759 759 Louisiana September... October... November... December... Final... 938 948 949 949 949 855 880 900 900 900 806 857 857 857 745 876 877 877 877 676 776 794 793 793 Mississippi September... October... November... December... Final... 898 848 874 875 875 883 855 896 896 892 925 906 907 907 843 808 861 861 861 887 839 898 898 898 North Carolina September... October... November... December... Final... 553 610 646 646 646 727 739 865 872 872 532 636 668 668 604 629 765 764 764 551 620 624 632 632 Texas September... October... November... December... Final... 540 478 515 520 520 535 443 522 549 552 547 517 526 525 485 373 453 461 482 566 442 481 492 495 Not available. Crop Production (May 2016) 17
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Crop Grains and hay Barley... Corn for grain 1... Corn for silage... Hay, all... Alfalfa... All other... Oats... Proso millet... Rice... Rye... Sorghum for grain 1... Sorghum for silage... Wheat, all... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Area planted Area harvested 2015 2016 2015 2016 (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) 3,558 87,999 3,088 445 2,614 1,569 8,459 54,644 39,461 1,936 13,247 3,140 93,601 2,751 3,064 7,216 49,559 36,216 1,995 11,348 3,109 80,749 6,221 54,437 17,778 36,659 1,276 418 2,575 360 7,851 306 47,094 32,257 1,896 12,941 54,305 29,831 Oilseeds Canola... Cottonseed... Flaxseed... Mustard seed... Peanuts... Rapeseed... Safflower... Soybeans for beans... Sunflower... 1,777.0 (X) 463 44.0 1,625.0 1.2 168.2 82,650 1,859.1 1,747.5 390 1,476.0 82,236 1,693.4 1,714.5 (X) 456 40.1 1,567.0 1.1 159.1 81,814 1,799.4 Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all... Upland... American Pima... Sugarbeets... Sugarcane... Tobacco... 8,580.5 8,422.0 158.5 1,158.8 9,562.0 9,347.0 215.0 1,158.6 8,074.9 7,920.0 154.9 1,144.3 891.7 328.7 314.5 Dry beans, peas, and lentils Austrian winter peas... Dry edible beans... Chickpeas, all 3... Large... Small... Dry edible peas... Lentils... Wrinkled seed peas... 34.0 1,764.4 207.5 135.3 72.2 1,143.0 493.0 31.0 1,559.0 246.0 163.0 83.0 1,423.0 850.0 21.0 1,711.4 203.1 131.2 71.9 1,083.5 476.0 Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops... Maple syrup... Mushrooms... Peppermint oil... Potatoes, all... Spring... Summer... Fall... Spearmint oil... Sweet potatoes... Taro (Hawaii)... 1,065.2 70.1 50.5 944.6 156.9 52.0 169.4 43.6 65.2 1,053.3 68.5 47.1 937.7 27.2 153.1 0.3 50.9 See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued 18 Crop Production (May 2016)
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units United States: 2015 and 2016 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Crop Grains and hay Barley... bushels Corn for grain... bushels Corn for silage... tons Hay, all... tons Alfalfa... tons All other... tons Oats... bushels Proso millet... bushels Rice 2... cwt Rye... bushels Sorghum for grain... bushels Sorghum for silage... tons Wheat, all... bushels Winter... bushels Durum... bushels Other spring... bushels Yield per acre Production 2015 2016 2015 2016 68.9 168.4 20.4 2.47 3.32 2.06 70.2 33.9 7,470 31.9 76.0 14.6 43.6 42.5 43.5 46.3 47.8 (1,000) (1,000) 214,297 13,601,198 126,894 134,388 58,974 75,414 89,535 14,159 192,343 11,496 596,751 4,475 2,051,752 1,370,188 82,484 599,080 1,427,084 Oilseeds Canola... pounds Cottonseed... tons Flaxseed... bushels Mustard seed... pounds Peanuts... pounds Rapeseed... pounds Safflower... pounds Soybeans for beans... bushels Sunflower... pounds 1,677 (X) 22.1 671 3,963 1,382 1,347 48.0 1,625 2,875,010 4,043.0 10,095 26,927 6,210,590 1,520 214,251 3,929,160 2,923,730 Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all 2... bales Upland 2... bales American Pima 2... bales Sugarbeets... tons Sugarcane... tons Tobacco... pounds 766 755 1,342 30.8 37.3 2,178 12,888.0 12,455.0 433.0 35,278 33,244 715,946 Dry beans, peas, and lentils Austrian winter peas 2... cwt Dry edible beans 2... cwt Chickpeas, all 2 3... cwt Large 2... cwt Small 2... cwt Dry edible peas 2... cwt Lentils 2... cwt Wrinkled seed peas... cwt 1,238 1,760 1,242 1,231 1,263 1,687 1,108 260 30,121 2,523 1,615 908 18,283 5,276 384 Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops... pounds Maple syrup... gallons Mushrooms... pounds Peppermint oil... pounds Potatoes, all... cwt Spring... cwt Summer... cwt Fall... cwt Spearmint oil... pounds Sweet potatoes... cwt Taro (Hawaii)... pounds Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1 Area planted for all purposes. 2 Yield in pounds. 3 Chickpeas included with dry edible beans. 1,807 90 418 296 334 431 113 203 10,300 328 78,846.0 3,414 952,619 5,882 440,498 20,251 15,734 404,513 3,070 31,016 3,502 16,677 Crop Production (May 2016) 19
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Crop Grains and hay Barley... Corn for grain 1... Corn for silage... Hay, all 2... Alfalfa... All other... Oats... Proso millet... Rice... Rye... Sorghum for grain 1... Sorghum for silage... Wheat, all 2... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Area planted Area harvested 2015 2016 2015 2016 (hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares) 1,439,890 35,612,320 1,249,680 180,090 1,057,860 634,960 3,423,270 22,113,880 15,969,470 783,480 5,360,930 1,270,730 37,879,390 1,113,300 1,239,970 2,920,240 20,056,030 14,656,250 807,360 4,592,420 1,258,180 32,678,310 2,517,580 22,030,110 7,194,580 14,835,530 516,380 169,160 1,042,080 145,690 3,177,220 123,840 19,058,470 13,054,090 767,290 5,237,090 21,976,690 12,072,310 Oilseeds Canola... Cottonseed... Flaxseed... Mustard seed... Peanuts... Rapeseed... Safflower... Soybeans for beans... Sunflower... 719,130 (X) 187,370 17,810 657,620 490 68,070 33,447,630 752,360 707,200 157,830 597,320 33,280,090 685,300 693,840 (X) 184,540 16,230 634,150 450 64,390 33,109,310 728,200 Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all 2... Upland... American Pima... Sugarbeets... Sugarcane... Tobacco... 3,472,440 3,408,300 64,140 468,950 3,869,650 3,782,640 87,010 468,870 3,267,830 3,205,140 62,690 463,090 360,860 133,000 127,250 Dry beans, peas, and lentils Austrian winter peas... Dry edible beans... Chickpeas 3... Large... Small... Dry edible peas... Lentils... Wrinkled seed peas... 13,760 714,040 83,970 54,750 29,220 462,560 199,510 12,550 630,910 99,550 65,960 33,590 575,870 343,990 8,500 692,590 82,190 53,100 29,100 438,480 192,630 Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops... Maple syrup... Mushrooms... Peppermint oil... Potatoes, all 2... Spring... Summer... Fall... Spearmint oil... Sweet potatoes... Taro (Hawaii)... 431,080 28,370 20,440 382,270 63,500 21,040 68,550 17,660 26,390 426,260 27,720 19,060 379,480 11,010 61,960 140 20,600 See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued 20 Crop Production (May 2016)
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units United States: 2015 and 2016 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Crop Grains and hay Barley... Corn for grain... Corn for silage... Hay, all 2... Alfalfa... All other... Oats... Proso millet... Rice... Rye... Sorghum for grain... Sorghum for silage... Wheat, all 2... Winter... Durum... Other spring... Yield per hectare Production 2015 2016 2015 2016 (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) 3.71 10.57 45.73 5.53 7.44 4.61 2.52 1.90 8.37 2.00 4.77 32.78 2.93 2.86 2.93 3.11 3.22 4,665,770 345,486,340 115,116,300 121,914,740 53,500,310 68,414,430 1,299,600 321,120 8,724,530 292,010 15,158,170 4,059,650 55,839,540 37,290,410 2,244,850 16,304,290 38,838,860 Oilseeds Canola... Cottonseed... Flaxseed... Mustard seed... Peanuts... Rapeseed... Safflower... Soybeans for beans... Sunflower... 1.88 (X) 1.39 0.75 4.44 1.55 1.51 3.23 1.82 1,304,080 3,667,750 256,420 12,210 2,817,080 690 97,180 106,934,210 1,326,180 Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all 2... Upland... American Pima... Sugarbeets... Sugarcane... Tobacco... 0.86 0.85 1.50 69.11 83.57 2.44 2,806,030 2,711,760 94,270 32,003,660 30,158,450 324,750 Dry beans, peas, and lentils Austrian winter peas... Dry edible beans... Chickpeas, all 3... Large... Small... Dry edible peas... Lentils... Wrinkled seed peas... 1.39 1.97 1.39 1.38 1.42 1.89 1.24 11,790 1,366,270 114,440 73,260 41,190 829,300 239,320 17,420 Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops... Maple syrup... Mushrooms... Peppermint oil... Potatoes, all 2... Spring... Summer... Fall... Spearmint oil... Sweet potatoes... Taro (Hawaii)... 2.03 0.10 46.87 33.14 37.44 48.35 0.13 22.71 11.55 36.72 35,760 17,070 432,100 2,670 19,980,650 918,570 713,680 18,348,400 1,390 1,406,860 1,590 756,460 Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1 Area planted for all purposes. 2 Total may not add due to rounding. 3 Chickpeas included with dry edible beans. Crop Production (May 2016) 21
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Crop Citrus 1 Grapefruit... 1,000 tons Lemons... 1,000 tons Oranges... 1,000 tons Tangelos (Florida)... 1,000 tons Tangerines and mandarins... 1,000 tons Production 2015 2016 890 904 6,369 30 855 825 900 5,816 18 947 Noncitrus Apples... million pounds Apricots... tons Avocados... tons Bananas (Hawaii)... 1,000 pounds Blackberries (Oregon)... 1,000 pounds Blueberries Cultivated... 1,000 pounds Wild (Maine)... 1,000 pounds Boysenberries (Oregon)... 1,000 pounds Raspberries, All... 1,000 pounds Cherries, Sweet... tons Cherries, Tart... million pounds Coffee... 1,000 pounds Cranberries... barrel Dates (California)... tons Figs (California)... tons Grapes... tons Kiwifruit (California)... tons Nectarines... tons Olives (California)... tons Papayas (Hawaii)... 1,000 pounds Peaches... tons Pears... tons Plums (California)... tons Prunes (California)... tons Prunes and Plums... tons Strawberries... 1,000 cwt Nuts and miscellaneous Almonds, shelled (California)... 1,000 pounds Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon)... tons Macadamias (Hawaii)... 1,000 pounds Pecans, in-shell... 1,000 pounds Pistachios (California)... 1,000 pounds Walnuts, in-shell (California)... tons 1 Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. 10,171.8 53,008 338,485 222.6 33,189 8,412,700 8,046,400 804,600 733,000 100,000 30,867 1,890,000 39,000 272,340 575,000 2,000,000 22 Crop Production (May 2016)
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units United States: 2015 and 2016 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2016 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2015-2016 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Crop Citrus 1 Grapefruit... Lemons... Oranges... Tangelos (Florida)... Tangerines and mandarins... Production 2015 2016 (metric tons) 807,390 820,100 5,777,860 27,220 775,640 (metric tons) 748,430 816,470 5,276,190 16,330 859,100 Noncitrus Apples... Apricots... Avocados... Bananas (Hawaii)... Blackberries (Oregon)... Blueberries Cultivated... Wild (Maine)... Boysenberries (Oregon)... Raspberries, All... Cherries, Sweet... Cherries, Tart... Coffee... Cranberries... Dates (California)... Figs (California)... Grapes... Kiwifruit (California)... Nectarines... Olives (California)... Papayas (Hawaii)... Peaches... Pears... Plums (California)... Prunes (California)... Prunes and Plums... Strawberries... Nuts and miscellaneous Almonds, shelled (California)... Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon)... Macadamias (Hawaii)... Pecans, in-shell... Pistachios (California)... Walnuts, in-shell (California)... 1 Production years are 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. 4,613,850 48,090 307,070 100,970 15,050 381,590 7,299,570 729,920 664,970 90,720 1,400,100 857,290 35,380 123,530 521,630 907,185 Crop Production (May 2016) 23
24 Crop Production (May 2016)
April Weather Summary A mid-month pattern change brought much-needed precipitation to the Hard Red Winter Wheat Belt and gradually pushed warm, showery weather into the Midwestern and Mid-Atlantic States. The central and southern Plains precipitation reversed a short-term drying trend and put an end to a spate of wildfires and episodes of blowing dust. And, as heavier precipitation began to overspread the Midwest, an initially torrid corn planting pace gradually slowed. On the strength of mid- to late-month storminess, above-average precipitation dominated the Nation s mid-section. Excessive rain fell, however, in parts of the western Gulf Coast region, where some early plantings were washed away by flooding. Wetness extended as far east as the lower Mississippi Valley, resulting in some fieldwork delays. In contrast, short-term dryness intensified for much of April across the Mid-Atlantic States and environs, although latemonth rainfall began to boost topsoil moisture. In addition, hard freezes on April 6 and 10 following a warm March caused damage to a variety of crops, including fruits and ornamentals, as far south as North Carolina. Farther north, persistently cool weather from the Great Lakes region into New England held monthly temperatures as much as 5 F below normal. Elsewhere, periodic April showers engulfed much of the western United States, although warm, dry conditions dominated the Pacific Northwest. The Northwestern drying trend followed a very wet winter, helping to minimize impacts. Monthly temperatures averaged at least 5 F above normal in much of the Northwest, despite a late-month cool spell. Farther south, late-season storms provided additional drought relief and delivered high-elevation snow, with some of the heaviest precipitation occurring across the Great Basin, central Rockies, and northern Intermountain West. April Agricultural Summary Temperatures were generally above-normal across most of the Nation during the month of April. Monthly average temperatures were more than 2 F above normal west of the Rocky Mountains and in the central Great Plains with most of the Northwest averaging more than 4 F above normal. The major exceptions to this trend were recorded in the Great Lakes Region and the Northeast where April average temperatures were below normal. Drier than normal conditions were reported in the Northwest and the Northeast. Precipitation was more widespread across the central and southeastern United States, with several locations in the Great Plains and Delta recording over 4 inches above normal for the month. By April 10, producers had planted 4 percent of this year s corn crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Planting progress was at or behind normal in all States except Kansas, Missouri, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. By April 17, producers had planted 13 percent of the Nation s corn crop, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Corn producers had planted 30 percent of the 2016 crop by April 24, fourteen percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Excellent fieldwork conditions facilitated rapid planting progress, particularly in Minnesota and Illinois. Producers had planted 45 percent of this year s corn crop by May 1, equal to last year but 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress was well ahead of historical averages in the central locations of the major corn producing region but continued to lag behind normal in the western Corn Belt. By May 1, thirteen percent of the Nation s corn crop was emerged, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By April 24, three percent of Nation s soybean crop was planted, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Although planting was most advanced in the Delta, wet conditions led to significant delays in Louisiana at that time with only 19 percent planted, 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 1, eight percent of the Nation s soybean crop was planted, 2 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. During the last week of April, favorable planting conditions in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee led to double-digit weekly planting progress. Overall, 59 percent of the winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on April 3, compared with 44 percent at the same time last year. At the time, crop conditions had improved by 20 percentage points or more over the winter months in the northwestern States of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Nationally, 26 percent of the winter wheat Crop Production (May 2016) 25
crop was headed by April 24, slightly ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Beneficial precipitation promoted rapid crop development in Kansas, with heading advancing 20 percentage points during the third week of the month. By May 1, heading of the winter wheat crop had advanced to 42 percent complete, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 61 percent of the winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on May 1, up 2 percentage points from the beginning of the month and 18 percentage points above the same time last year. By April 3, producers had planted 3 percent of this year s cotton crop, slightly ahead of last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Progress was most advanced at the time in Arizona with 25 percent planted, equal to last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Producers had planted 7 percent of this year s cotton crop by April 17, equal to last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was at or behind the 5-year average in all estimating States except Arizona and Missouri. Nationally, cotton producers had planted 16 percent of the cotton crop by May 1, slightly ahead of last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With activity limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, 13 percent of the Nation s sorghum crop had been planted by April 3, five percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By April 17, sixteen percent of the sorghum crop was planted, 2 percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Despite continued wet conditions in Louisiana, planting progress advanced 24 percentage points during the second full week of the month to 53 percent complete by April 17. Nationally, planting advanced to 23 percent complete by May 1, five percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress continued to lag behind normal for most estimating States, with only Missouri and Oklahoma at or ahead of the 5-year average. By April 3, producers had seeded 16 percent of the 2016 rice crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. With progress limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, 7 percent of the Nation s rice crop was emerged at the time, 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By April 17, producers had seeded 48 percent of this year s rice crop, 18 percentage points ahead of last year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Arkansas, where ideal weather conditions aided fieldwork, seeding was 19 percentage points ahead of normal. At the time, 19 percent of the Nation s rice crop was emerged, 5 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By May 1, seventy-two percent of the rice crop was seeded, 17 percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, emergence advanced to 55 percent complete, 21 percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. During the last week of the month, an additional 26 percent of the crop emerged in Arkansas, the Nation s leading rice-producing State. Nationally, oat producers had seeded 29 percent of this year s crop by April 3, six percentage points behind the 5-year average. Oat planting progress was at or behind the 5-year average in all estimating States except Pennsylvania at the beginning of the month. With progress mostly limited to the earlier-planted crop in Texas, 24 percent of the Nation s oat crop was emerged by April 3, five percentage points behind the 5-year average. Fifty-six percent of the oat crop was seeded by April 17, two percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 1, oat producers had sown 78 percent of the Nation s crop, 3 percentage points behind last year but 13 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 56 percent of the oat crop had emerged by May 1, three percentage points ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Iowa, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, and South Dakota reported emergence progress more than 20 percentage points ahead of their respective 5-year averages by the end of the month. Six percent of the Nation s barley was planted by April 3, slightly behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was well behind the historical pace in Idaho with 6 percent planted, 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-five percent of the barley crop was seeded by April 24, seven percentage points behind last year but 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 15 percent of the 2016 barley crop was emerged by April 24, equal to last year but 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Barley producers had seeded 57 percent of the Nation s crop by May 1, thirteen percentage points behind last year but 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 1, emergence was evident in 29 percent of the Nation s barley acreage, 4 percentage points behind last year but 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. 26 Crop Production (May 2016)
By April 10, thirteen percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, slightly behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Spring wheat producers had seeded 27 percent of this year s crop by April 17, four percentage points behind last year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress advanced rapidly in the northern Great Plains, with progress over 20 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average in Montana and South Dakota. Fifty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded by May 1, fifteen percentage points behind last year but 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting progress was ahead of the 5-year average in all estimating States except Idaho. By May 1, twenty-two percent of the spring wheat crop was emerged, 2 percentage points behind last year but 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, peanut producers had planted 4 percent of this year s crop by April 24, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. Twelve percent of the Nation s peanut crop was planted by May 1, three percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting was most advanced in Florida, at 25 percent complete, 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. One percent of the Nation s sugarbeet crop was planted by April 3, three percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. The crop was 5 percent planted in Idaho, 16 percentage points behind last year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Planting had yet to begin by April 3 in Michigan, despite a 5-year average planting pace of 12 percent complete. By May 1, sugarbeet producers had planted 80 percent of the Nation s crop, 11 percentage points behind last year but 32 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In Minnesota, producers had planted 88 percent of the sugarbeet crop by May 1, more than 3 weeks ahead of the 5-year average pace. Crop Comments Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.43 billion bushels, up 4 percent from 2015. As of May 1, the United States yield is forecast at 47.8 bushels per acre, up 5.3 bushels from last year. If realized, this will equal the record yield set in 1999. Expected grain area is forecast at 29.8 million acres, down 8 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter (HRW) harvested acreage is down 9 percent from the previous year. Soft Red Winter (SRW) harvested acreage is expected to be down 8 percent from last year. As of May 1, sixty-one percent of the winter wheat crop in the 18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 18 percentage points better than at the same time last year. Nationally, 42 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed by May 1, eight percentage points ahead of the 5-year average pace. As of May 1, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas winter wheat was rated in good to excellent condition at 52 percent, 64 percent, and 49 percent, respectively. In Texas, there were some areas of the Southern Low Plains, Cross Timbers, and Edwards Plateau that experienced damage due to hail or high winds. Some disease presence was reported in areas of Kentucky, Montana, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington. As of May 1, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington winter wheat was rated in good to excellent condition at 90 percent, 65 percent, and 82 percent, respectively. Record high yields are expected in Illinois, Michigan, Nebraska, Ohio, and Tennessee. Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 15.5 million bushels, down 24 percent from 2015. In Arizona, the crop was 60 percent headed by May 1, fourteen percentage points behind last year and 23 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In southern California, harvest is expected to begin in mid-may. Hay stocks on farms: All hay stored on United States farms as of May 1, 2016 totaled 25.1 million tons, up 3 percent from a year ago. Disappearance between December 1, 2015 and May 1, 2016 totaled 69.9 million tons, compared with 67.5 million tons for the same period a year earlier. May 1 hay stocks were up slightly from the previous year as mild winter conditions throughout most of the Nation did not extend supplemental feeding. Grapefruit: The United States 2015-2016 grapefruit crop is forecast at 825,000 tons, up 1 percent from last month s forecast but down 7 percent from last season s final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 10.9 million boxes, is up 1 percent from last month but down 16 percent from last year. California and Texas grapefruit production forecasts Crop Production (May 2016) 27