6 METRAFENONE (8) The first draft was prepared by Mr David Lunn, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand EXPLANATION Metrafenone, a benzophenone fungicide active mainly against powdery mildew and eyespot, was first evaluated by the JMPR where residue definitions were proposed, an ADI of. mg/kg bw was established and an ARfD was not considered necessary. Maximum residue levels were also recommended for a range of commodities where GAP information was available. The residue definition established by the JMPR for both MRL-compliance and dietary intake assessment for plant and animal commodities was: metrafenone. Metrafenone was scheduled by the 4 th Session of the CCPR for the evaluation of additional MRLs by the 6 JMPR and the current Meeting received new GAP information and new supporting residue information from the manufacturer for pome fruit, fruit and hops and a residue stability study on fresh, quartered melons. The Meeting considered relevant residue information provided to the JMPR in for fruiting vegetables in light of new GAP information. In this evaluation, the values presented in the tables are as reported in the various studies, but in the accompanying text, they have generally been rounded to two significant digits. METHODS OF RESIDUE ANALYSIS Analytical methods The JMPR reviewed and summarized analytical method descriptions and validation data for metrafenone in crop and animal matrices. These included the QuEChERS Method and Method 55/ which were used to measure metrafenone in the new supervised residue trials on pome fruit, fruit and hops. Table Summary of metrafenone analytical methods used in the new residue trials on pome fruit, fruit and hops [Ref: JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table, pp 94 95] Analyte Method Principle LOQ (mg/kg) Reference Acetonitrile extraction (ph 5 5.5 buffer) Wheat forage SPE clean-up Wheat straw LC-MS/MS Wheat grain analysis Cucumber Metrafenone QuEChERS m/z 49 m/z 9 Lemon / m/z 49 m/z Beans Oilseed rape (seed) m/z 49 m/z 9 Hops (dry cones) / m/z 4 m/z 9 for dry hop cones /86 Hops (green cones) Hops (dry cones) Beer Metrafenone 55/ (L6/) Methanol/water/HC l extraction cyclohexane partition (alkaline) HPLC-MS/MS analysis m/z 4 m/z 9 / m/z 4 m/z 9 /89964
64 Metrafenone Data collection methods QuEChERS (plant matrices) In this method, homogenised samples were extracted with acetonitrile in frozen conditions, mixed with magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride and citrate salts for buffering to ph 5 5.5, centrifuged for phase separation and an aliquot of the acetonitrile phase was cleaned-up by a dispersive SPE on PSA (primary secondary amine sorbent). Analysis was by LC-MS/MS, monitoring two parent daughter ion transitions (MRM). The LOQ of the method was mg/kg for each matrix. In the new supervised field trials, method validation was also conducted prior to analysis of the field samples. Method validation recovery rates in the new studies are summarized below. Table Metrafenone analytical validation recovery rates for QuEChERS analytical method Fortification (mg/kg) Recovery (%) Mean Reference 96, 99 98 Apple 95, 99 /494 Pear. 5, 6, 9, 9, 5 Cherry /94.,, 4.,, 4 Peach Hops (green cones) Hops (dried cones)... 99, 6,,, 5 9, 8, 8 8, 94, 95, 8, 9 9, 96, 84, 9, 9 86, 95, 96,, 9,, 4 8 9 6 96 9 9 /85 /95 BASF Method 55/ (L6/) hops and beer The BASF Method 55/ was evaluated by the JMPR as a suitable data-collection method to measure residues of metrafenone in hop cones (green and dried) and in beer, with an LOQ of mg/kg. Metrafenone residues are extracted with a mixture of methanol water and hydrochloric acid. An aliquot of the extract is centrifuged and partitioned at alkaline conditions against cyclohexane. The final determination is performed by HPLC-MS/MS and the LOQ of the method is mg/kg for each matrix. Table Metrafenone analytical validation recovery rates for BASF method 55/ Fortification (mg/kg) Recovery (%) Mean Reference 9,,,, Hops (green cones) 9, 96, 96, 9, 99 96 Hops (dried cones) Beer 8, 88, 89, 89, 9 8, 88, 9, 96, 9 9, 94, 95, 98, 9, 9, 9, 96, 96 88 9 96 94 /89964 Analytical (concurrent) recoveries in supervised crop trials Analytical recovery rates were measured in all the supervised crop field trials, with control samples being fortified with metrafenone at mg/kg and at higher levels that generally reflected the range
Metrafenone 65 of expected residues. In the European trials the common analytical method was Method 55/ and the QuEChERS method was predominantly used in the North American trials. For each study, average recoveries per fortification level generally fell within the % range, with a relative standard deviation of % or less. Information on the concurrent recovery rates in the new supervised field trials are summarized below and for the trials reviewed by the JMPR, average concurrent recovery rates are reported in the relevant supervised crop field trial sections. Table 4 Metrafenone analytical concurrent recovery rates in the supervised field trials Method Apple QuEChERS Pear QuEChERS Cherry QuEChERS Peach QuEChERS Hops (green cones) QuEChERS Hops (dried cones) QuEChERS Hops (green cones) Method 55/ Hops (dried cones) Method 55/ Hops (green cones) Method 55/ Hops (dried cones) Method 55/ Fortification (mg/kg)..... 5..... 5 Recovery (%) Mean Reference 95, 98 9 99 8, 84, 8, 8,, 4, 8, 86, 9, 5, 8 6, 9, 4, 4,, 9, 85,,,,,, 6 9 99, 4, 4, 84, 86, 9, 94, 95,, 8 8, 86,, 6 6 99, 99 9 8, 8, 65 99 9 84 9 9 9 9 9 9 99 /494 89 /94 99 9 8 9 9 9 6 99 9 9 65 99 9 84 9 9 9 9 /85 /95 /4886 /489 Stability of residues Plant matrices stored analytical samples The JMPR concluded that metrafenone residues were stable in analytical samples stored frozen ( 8 to C) for up to 4 months in representative substrates with a high water content (lettuce, and tomato), a high starch content (carrot), a high protein content (dry peas), a high oil content (soya bean) and a high acid content (grape, and wine); in wheat grain (high starch), wheat forage and straw (high water content) residues were stable for at least months. In general, residues in the stored samples were greater than 8% of the spiked levels.
66 Metrafenone Plant matrices fresh analytical sub-samples The JMPR noted that in some of the supervised residue field trials conducted on melons in 9, the fruit samples had been quartered in the field, and although the subsamples had been frozen within hours after sampling, no information was available on the stability of metrafenone residues in chopped or sliced samples. The Meeting received an ambient storage residue stability study on melons conducted by Meridian, 5 [Ref 5/968] where an untreated, homogenised, frozen melon was thawed to room temperature and replicate 5 g samples were spiked with mg/kg (-day samples) or mg/kg metrafenone, distributed drop-wise onto the melon matrix in centrifuge bottles. The spiked samples were stored at 9 C ± C for up to 6 hours before being placed in the freezer at about < -8 C, until analysis the following day using the BASF LC-MS/MS Method 55/ (LOQ of mg/kg). Control samples were also freshly fortified at each sampling interval and analysed to determine the procedural recovery efficiency. After 6 hours storage at room temperature, the measured residues of metrafenone in homogenised melon samples were greater than 9% of the spiked levels. Table 5 Stability of metrafenone residues in homogenised melon samples spiked at mg/kg or mg/kg respectively and stored at room temperature (9 C). [Ref 5/968] Commodity (fortification) Melon ( mg/kg) Melon ( mg/kg) Storage interval (hours) 4 6 6 Residues remaining in stored samples a Procedural recovery b mg/kg mg/kg %.95,,.99.99,.946,.86.8,.95,.99,.95,.98.4,.86,. 95,, [99] 9, 95, 88 [9] 8, 95, [94] 9, 95, 9 [9] 5, 86, [9] a Metrafenone residues in stored samples and % fortified level, mean% in square brackets b Metrafenone residues in freshly fortified samples, mean% in square brackets.86,.8,.8.88.965.9.99.986.8 9, 8, 8 [8] 88 9 9 98 99 8 USE PATTERNS Information on GAP in Europe, the Americas, Asia and the Pacific was provided to the JMPR on the use of metrafenone, available as SC formulations, often co-formulated with either epoxiconazole and/or fenpropimorph. The Meeting received additional information on recently authorised uses on pome fruit, fruit, grapes, fruiting vegetables and hops in North America, Italy and Spain and the critical national GAPs for these crops are summarized in the following table. Table 6 New registered uses of metrafenone ( g ai/l or 5 g ai/l SC formulations) Crop Country Pome fruit Canada a.5.6 USA a.4.6 Max/season PHI kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water L/ha RTI (days) no kg ai/ha (days) Pome fruit min 94 (air)..
Metrafenone 6 Crop Cherries Country Canada USA Max/season PHI kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water L/ha RTI (days) no kg ai/ha (days).5.6.4.6 Peaches (including nectarines) Grapes Canada USA Apricot USA.5.6.4.6.4.6 min 94 (air) min 94 (air) min 94 (air) Stone fruit Small fruit vine climbing.6.6.6.6 Canada.5 6.5 USA Cucurbits Cucumber Melon Summer squash Fruiting vegetables Tomato.4.6 min 94 (air). Spain max.5 8 Italy 5 Canada b.5.6 USA b.4.6 5 Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits min 4 (air) 8 8.. Spain min France Italy France Italy France 5 L/ha for indoor cucurbits with edible peel also watermelon Italy as zucchini Canada c.5.6 USA.4.6 Fruiting Vegetables, other than Cucurbits min 4 (air).. max sequential sprays max sequential sprays
68 Metrafenone Crop Eggplant Country Max/season PHI kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water L/ha RTI (days) no kg ai/ha (days) Spain 5 5 min Italy 5 5 Italy 5 5 Spain (indoor) Peppers 5 min Italy 5 5 Spain (indoor) France (indoor) Hops Canada USA 5 min 5.5.6.4.6 Dried herbs.6 not by air.6 not by air a Pome fruit: apple, Asian pear, azarole, crabapple, [loquat-usa], mayhaw, medlar, pear, quince, Chinese quince, Japanese quince, tejocote. b Cucurbits = chayote, Chinese wax gourd, citron melon, cucumber, gherkin, pumpkin, watermelon; edible gourd (hechima, hyotan, cucuzza, and Chinese okra); Momordica spp. (balsam apple, balsam pear, bitter melon, and Chinese cucumber); muskmelon (cantaloupe, casaba, Crenshaw melon, golden Pershaw, melon, honeydew melon, honey balls, mango melon, Persian melon, pineapple melon, Santa Claus melon, and snake melon); summer squash (crookneck squash, scallop squash, straightneck squash, vegetable marrow, and zucchini); winter squash (butternut squash, calabaza, hubbard squash, acorn squash, and spaghetti squash). c Fruiting vegetables: African eggplant, bush tomato, bell pepper, [cocona USA], currant tomato, eggplant, garden huckleberry, goji berry, groundcherry, martynia, [naranjilla USA], okra, pea eggplant, pepino, non-bell pepper, roselle, scarlet eggplant, sunberry, tomatillo, tomato, [tree tomato USA] and cultivars, varieties and hybrids of these commodities. RESIDUES RESULTING FROM SUPERVISED TRIALS The Meeting received new information on supervised field trials involving foliar treatments of metrafenone to pome fruit, fruit and hops. Trials on grapes and fruiting vegetables evaluated by the JMPR were also re-assessed in light of new GAP information provided to the Meeting. Group Crop Countries Table no Pome fruit Apple Pear USA USA 8 Stone fruit Cherry Peach USA USA 9 Small fruit vine climbing Grapes USA Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits Cucumber Summer squash Melon Nth America (JMPR ) Nth America (JMPR ) Nth America (JMPR ) Fruiting vegetables, other than Cucurbits Peppers Tomato Nth America (JMPR ) Nth America (JMPR ) 5 6
Metrafenone 69 Group Crop Countries Table no Dried herbs Hops Nth America, 8 The supervised trials were well documented with laboratory and field reports. Laboratory reports included method validation including procedural recoveries with spiking at residue levels, similar to those occurring in samples from the supervised trials. Dates of analyses or duration of residue sample storage were also provided. Although trials included control plots, no control data are recorded in the tables unless residues in control samples exceeded the LOQ. In such cases, the residues found are noted as c = nn mg/kg in the Reference and columns. Residue data are recorded unadjusted for recovery. Results from replicated field plots are presented as individual values. Residue values have been reported as provided in the study reports, although the results from trials used for the estimation of maximum residue levels (underlined) have been rounded to two significant digits (or if close to the LOQ, rounded to one significant digit). If a higher residue level was observed at a longer PHI than the GAP, the higher value has been used for estimating maximum residue levels and for dietary intake assessment. For trials not considered to be independent, the result from the trial yielding the highest residue was selected for maximum residue level estimation and dietary intake assessment. When multiple applications were made to a crop, the application rate, spray concentration and spray volume were not always identical from one application to the next. In most trials, the actual treatment rates were within % of the listed target application rates, but if not, the actual treatment rates are listed. Pome fruit The results from 8 supervised trials on apples () and pears (6) conducted in USA were provided to the Meeting. Apples In the apple trials, three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC) were applied with adjuvant, at 5 9 day intervals in either 55 8 L water/ha ( concentrate ) or 94 4 L water/ha ( dilute ) to single replicate 6 8 tree plots using tractor-mounted airblast sprayers. Duplicate samples of whole fruit (4 units,. 6.9 kg) were frozen within 4 hours after sampling and stored for up to 4 months before analysis for metrafenone using the LC/MS/MS multiresidue QuEChERS method (LOQ of mg/kg). Table Residues in apples from supervised trials in USA involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation) APPLE Location (Variety) GAP: USA, Canada Alton, NY (Cortland) North Rose, NY (Ida Red) Hereford, PA (Star Krimson Red Delicious) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT.6 PHI:.4. fruit.4.56 68 6 fruit.4.6 9 9 fruit metrafenone.,.9.45, 9 88,.4.6,.4.98,.95 59, 56.4, 84.45,.5.44,.45 mean Reference & Max. kg ai/ha/season.. /494. R95 9 6..49.4 /494 R96 /494 R9
6 Metrafenone APPLE Location (Variety) (Cana, VA (Yellow Delicious) Oregon, WI (Cortland) Conklin, MI (Red Delicious) Perry, UT (Gala) Porterville, CA (Granny Smith) Marsing, ID (Gala) Weiser, ID (Law Rome) Ephrata, WA (Red Delicious) Ephrata, WA (Braeburn) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water..44 6 fruit..4 5 fruit.4.54 6 645 fruit.4 9 86 84 fruit.4.5 6 69 fruit. 6 58 fruit.4.4 9 fruit.4. 8 48 fruit.4.44 9 84 fruit.4.6 945 954 fruit.4.56 68 6 fruit.4.4 fruit DAT 6 5 6 5 6 4 6 metrafenone.48,.48.8,.49,..4,.5., 59 8, 5.6, 9 84,.5.55,.., 55, 9,.8.9, 6..5 5,,.9 65,..9,.85.66,.9.8,.66.8,.4.46,.64.49,.49.6,.84.54,.569.458,.5.68,.4 mean Reference &.45.8 /494.6 R98.9... /494 R99 /494 R.. /494. R 6. /494 65 R..9 /494.8 R.5.4.54.45.6.54.9.5 /494 R4 /494 R5 /494 R6 not independent Pears In the pear trials, three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC) were applied with adjuvant, at 5 9 day intervals in either 55 8 L water/ha ( concentrate ) or 94 4 L water/ha ( dilute ) to single replicate 6 8 tree plots using tractor-mounted airblast sprayers. Duplicate samples of whole fruit (4 units,. 6.9 kg) were frozen within 4 hours after sampling and stored for up to 4 months before analysis for metrafenone using the LC/MS/MS multiresidue QuEChERS method (LOQ of mg/kg). Table 8 Residues in pears from supervised trials in USA involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation) PEAR Location (Variety) GAP: USA, Canada Alton, NY (Bartlett) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT.6 PHI:..6 55 5 fruit.4. fruit metrafenone.8,.49.,.65.44,.9.4,. mean Reference & Max. kg ai/ha/season.4. /494.4 R.
Metrafenone 6 PEAR Location (Variety) Lindsay, CA (Olympic) Porterville, CA (Bartlett) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water.4.5 655 fruit.4. 9 44 fruit DAT metrafenone.8,.8.8,. 86, 9 6,.9, 59,.9,.94 mean.8. 9..9 Reference & /494 R8 /494 R9 Marsing, ID (Bartlett).4.48 6 fruit 6, 8.8, 6 /494 R Ephrata, WA (Concorde)..4 fruit.59,.44.,.55.48.8 /494 R Payette, ID (Bartlett).4.45 58 6 fruit.59,.44.5,.5.9. /494 R Stone fruit The results from supervised trials on cherries (6) and peaches (6) conducted in North America were provided to the Meeting. Cherries In the North American cherry trials, two foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC) were applied with adjuvant, at 5 9 day intervals in 5 L water/ha to single replicate 6 5 tree plots using tractor-mounted airblast sprayers (4 8 nozzles) or single-nozzle hand lances. Duplicate samples of fruit were hand picked from at least four trees per plot, the stems and s were discarded and samples of at least.9 kg were frozen within 4 hours after sampling and stored for up to 6 months before analysis for metrafenone using the LC/MS/MS multi-residue QuEChERS method (LOQ of mg/kg). Table 9 Residues in cherries from supervised trials in North America involving two foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation) CHERRY Location (Variety) GAP: Canada, USA Tulare, CA (Tulare) Sweet cherry Sunny Slope, ID (Bing) Sweet cherry no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT.6 PHI:.4.6.4.4 6 metrafenone.66,..599,.594.48,., mean Reference & Max.6 kg ai/ha/season..6.9. /94 -CA5 /94 -ID4
6 Metrafenone CHERRY water Location no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl (Variety) Moxee, WA (Bing)..6 9 Sweet cherry Fennville, MI (Hedelfingen).4. 8 Sweet cherry Fennville, MI 5.4. (Montmorency) Sour cherry Fennville, MI (Montmorency).4.5 Sour cherry Fennville, MI (Montmorency).4. Sour cherry Canada, Jordan Station, ON.5.4 4 (Hedelfingen) Sweet cherry Hotchkiss, CO.4.4 99 (Montmorency).4. Sour cherry Prosser, WA.4.4 (Bing).4. 95 Sweet cherry Lansing, NY.4.6 5 (Galaxy).4. Sour cherry Canada, Grimbsy, ON (Montmorency).5.4 4 Sour cherry Canada, Summerland, BC (Lapins).4. 54 Sweet cherry Canada, Summerland, BC.4. 54 (Santina).4. 59 Sweet cherry Reedley, CA (Brooks) Sweet cherry Canada, Niagara-on-the- Lake, ON (Montmorency) Sour cherry.4 9 +..4.4.4 98 DAT 8 5 metrafenone.5,.58.84,.85.55,.4.58,..59,.5.6,.68.98,.94.4,.56.68,.68.46,.58.54,.8 9, 5.89,.4.,..45,.44.,.8.,.5.68,.54.44,.56.454,.48.6,.6.9,.6.5,.6.54,.69.9,..9,.89.65,.69.5,.565.,.56.,..4,.9.58,.54.6,.4.6,.85.4,.4.,.9 mean.4.9.49.4.56..9.6.69.5. 5...44.5..6.49.44...6.6..8.65.5.44...5.55..8.5 Reference & /94 - WA*8 /94 -MI6 not independent /94 -MI not independent /94 -MI5 /94 -MI4 not independent /94 - ON /94 -CO /94 - WA /94 - NY5 /94 - ON /94 -BC not independent /94 -BC /94 -CA6 /94 - ON4
Metrafenone 6 Peaches In the North American peach trials, two foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC) were applied with adjuvant, at 6 8 day intervals in L water/ha to single replicate 5 8 tree plots using tractor-mounted airblast sprayers (4 nozzles) or single-nozzle hand lances or mist blowers. Duplicate samples of at least 4 fruit were hand picked from at least four trees per plot, halved and the s discarded. In some trials both halves were collected while in others only halffruit or opposite quarter-fruit were retained. Samples of at least.8 kg were frozen within hours after sampling (except in one trial TX) and stored for up to months before analysis for metrafenone using the LC/MS/MS multi-residue QuEChERS method (LOQ of mg/kg). Table Residues in peaches from supervised trials in North America involving two foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation) PEACH Location (Variety) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT GAP: Canada, USA.6 PHI: USA, Cream Ridge, NJ (Suncrest) USA, Cream Ridge, NJ (Loring) USA, Lansing, NY (Saturn) USA, Fennville, MI (Red Haven) USA, Jackson Springs, NC (Contender) USA, Fredericksburg, TX (Sentinel) USA, Parlier, CA (June Flame) USA, Parlier, CA (Henry II) Canada, Summerland, BC (Glohaven) Canada, Vineland Station, ON (Loring) USA, Jordan Station, ON (Red Haven) USA, Jordan Station, ON (Loring).4. 4.4.5 68.4.5 45.4.8 45..5 6.4. 49.4.6 5.4.8.. 5.4..4.......5.. 4 6 6 9 8 6 5 8 metrafenone., 99 8, 8,.5,.9.6,.4.4,.9.5,.45.6,.94.9, 8.69,.68 6,.4.4, 6.,.6, 5 8, 8, 66.,.9., 54.8,. 8,..4, 9.,..9,.6.5,.96 mean Reference & Max.6 kg ai/ha/season...5.4.49.6.. 9... 9 5.5 8.9 9...8 /85 NJ /85 NJ8 not independent /85 NY9 /85 MI /85 NC6 /85 TX /85 CA6 /85 CA68 diff spray dates /85 BC9 /85 ON6 /85 ON /85 ON8 diff spray dates
64 Metrafenone PEACH Location (Variety) USA, Clarksville, AR (Cresthaven) USA, Clayton, NC (Contender) USA, Winters, CA O Henry Free (late) USA, Winters, CA O Henry Free (late) no kg ai/ha..4 kg ai/hl.. water 5 5.4. 49.4.8 44.4..8.8 44 4 DAT 8 6 5 metrafenone 9,. [c = 5].95, 9.,.485.59,.8.84,.,.,,.9,.444.69,..,.99,.9.89,.9.9,.88.4, 8.84, 6 mean..8.. 5.4.5.9.9.9 6 Reference & /85 AR4 /85 NC5 /85 CA69 /85 CA not independent Berries and other small fruits Grape The JMPR reviewed the results from supervised trials from the USA on grapes and the summary information from the Evaluation are also reproduced below. Results from supervised trials from the USA on grapes conducted in were provided to the JMPR. In these trials, three foliar airblast applications of metrafenone (. kg ai/ha, SC formulation) with added non-ionic surfactant were applied to 4 vine plots, 5 days apart, using about 5 L water/ha. Grape samples (min kg and at least bunches or part bunches) were frozen within hours of sampling and stored frozen for up to months before analysis of berries for metrafenone using the QuEChERS method. Procedural recovery rates in grapes fortified at to.5 mg/kg ranged from 4 to 4% (mean 9 ± %, n = ) and the LOQ was mg/kg. Table Residues in grapes from supervised trials in USA involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation). [JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table 4, pp ] GRAPE no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT metrafenone mean Trial Reference max GAP: USA PHI: RTI: d. kg ai/ha/season USA,. 95 berries 5.5,.4.46 R5 USA,. 945 berries.,.94. R5 USA,.6 5 berries.8,.4 (c = 5).5 R54 USA,.9 5 berries.5,.45.48 R55 USA,. berries.58,.5.4 R56 USA,.9 5 5 berries.,.4.4 R5 USA,.4 4 9 berries.5,.. R58 USA,. 954 berries.4,.49.45 R59
Metrafenone 65 Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits The JMPR reviewed the results from supervised trials from the USA on cucumbers, zucchini (summer squash) and melons (cantaloupes) and the summary information from the Evaluation are reproduced below. Cucumber In the North American outdoor trials, three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) with added adjuvant were applied at 6 8 day intervals, using motorized knapsacks or tractor-mounted 4 9 nozzle sprayers to apply about L/ha. Plot sizes were larger than square metres. Duplicate fruit samples (min kg, units) were taken, with the larger cucumber fruit being sub-sampled in the field, frozen within hours of sampling and stored frozen for up 4 months before analysis for metrafenone using the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method. The average procedural recovery of metrafenone from samples fortified with mg/kg or. mg/kg was 4% and the LOQ was mg/kg. Table Residues in outdoor cucumbers from supervised trials in North America involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation). [JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table 44, p ] CUCUMBER no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT metrafenone mean Trial Reference GAP: USA, Max. kg.6 PHI: RTI: d Canada ai/ha/season. 8 fruit,.9 R8.4 8 fruit, 5. R9.5 9 fruit.9,..8 R.4 9 fruit 5, 6 R.4 8 fruit.5,.6.5 R.4 8 fruit,.8 R Summer squash In the North American trials, three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) with added adjuvant were applied at 6 8 day intervals, using motorized knapsacks or tractor-mounted 4 9 nozzle sprayers to apply about L/ha. Plot sizes were larger than square metres. Duplicate fruit samples (min kg, units) were frozen within hours of sampling and stored frozen for up 8 months before analysis for metrafenone using the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method. The average procedural recovery of metrafenone from samples fortified with mg/kg or. mg/kg as % and the LOQ was mg/kg. Table Residues in outdoor summer squash from supervised trials in North America involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation). [JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table 4, pp 9 ] SUMMER SQUASH kg water DAT Trial Reference Location no kg ai/hl metrafenone mean ai/ha (Variety) GAP: USA, Canada.6 PHI: RTI: d Max. kg ai/ha/season +.5 9.5.8 44 Fruit.5,.6. 48.-AZ6 Canada,.4.9 8 Fruit.4,.5.9 48.-BC9.4. 48 5 Fruit, 48.-CA6..5 64 65 Fruit, 6 48.-FL4..8 9 4 Fruit,.9 48.-MD8
66 Metrafenone SUMMER SQUASH Location (Variety) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT metrafenone mean Trial Reference.4.85 4 Fruit, 8 48.-NC9.,.6, 56 Fruit.8,.. 48.-NY Canada,..5 69 Fruit,.. 48.-ON Canada, +.+.4 8.4.8 4 Fruit.5, 8. 48.-ON Canada,.5.6 6 6 Fruit, 48.-QC.4. 5 5 Fruit.8, 48.-SC.4.9 9 4 Fruit.,.8 48.-TX.4. 5 Fruit.4,..8 48.-TX.4. 5 Fruit, 48.-WA6 Melons (except watermelon) In the North American trials, three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) with added adjuvant were applied at 6 8 day intervals, using motorized knapsacks or tractor-mounted 4 9 nozzle sprayers to apply about L/ha. Plot sizes were larger than square metres. Duplicate fruit samples (min kg, units) were sub-sampled in the field (two opposite quarters, eighths or sixteenths/fruit), frozen within hours and stored frozen for up months before analysis for metrafenone using the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method. The average procedural recovery of metrafenone from samples fortified with mg/kg or. mg/kg was 4% and the LOQ was mg/kg. Table Residues in outdoor melons (cantaloupes) from supervised trials in North America involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation). [JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table 49, pp ] MELON no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT metrafenone mean Trial Reference GAP: USA, Canada.6 PHI: RTI: d Max. kg ai/ha/season.. 86 44 fruit,. 5 4.-AZ5.. 466 4 fruit.,.4. 4.-CA.. 488 498 fruit,. 4.-CA4.5. 466 4 fruit.,.9 4.-CA5..8 9 45 fruit.,..8 4.-GA..8 99 45 fruit.,. 8 4.-MD.4.8 49 45 fruit 5, 4.-NM.4.8 46 44 fruit.4 a,.4 a.4 4.-OH-8 Canada,.4.85 4 44 fruit,. 4.-ON Canada,.5.8 4 4 fruit,.4. 4.-QC.4.9 9 96 fruit 9, 8 4.-TX.4.9 9 96 fruit.8,.8.8 4.-TX9 Fruiting vegetables, other than Cucurbits The JMPR reviewed the results from supervised trials from Europe and USA on peppers and tomatoes and the summary information from the Evaluation are reproduced below. Peppers In the North American trials on outdoor sweet (bell) peppers and chilli (non-bell) peppers, three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) with added adjuvant were applied at day intervals, using pressurised knapsack sprayers ( 6 nozzles) to apply about L/ha. Plot sizes were larger than 8 square metres.
Metrafenone 6 Duplicate whole fruit samples (min kg, large or 4 small fruit) were frozen within hours of sampling and stored frozen ( 5 C) for up 5 months before analysis for metrafenone using the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method. Average procedural recoveries of metrafenone from samples fortified with mg/kg ranged from 9% to % with an overall mean of % and the LOQ was mg/kg. Table 5 Residues in outdoor peppers (bell and non-bell) from supervised trials in North America involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation). [JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table 5, pp 5] PEPPER Trial DAT no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water metrafenone mean Reference GAP: USA, Canada.6 PHI: RTI: d Max. kg ai/ha/season Bell peppers.4 8 fruit.9,.4.4 R.4 5 fruit.4,..4 R5. 5 fruit 8, 5 R6. 5 fruit.,.5 R.4. 5 fruit.,.. R8.6 8 fruit.5,.4.4 R9 Non-bell peppers.4 5 fruit.,.4.5 R.4 6 fruit.,.8 R.4 8 fruit.,.6.5 R Tomato In the North American trials on outdoor tomatoes (large and small fruited varieties), three foliar applications of.4 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) with added adjuvant were applied at 6 8 day intervals, using knapsack or tractor-mounted boom sprayers ( nozzles) to apply about 8 L/ha. Plot sizes were larger than square metres. Duplicate fruit samples (min kg, large or 4 small fruit) were frozen within hours of sampling and stored frozen ( 5 C) for up 4 months before analysis for metrafenone using the QuEChERS LC-MS/MS method. Average procedural recoveries of metrafenone from samples fortified with mg/kg ranged from 9% to 8% with an overall mean of 5% and the LOQ was mg/kg. Table 6 Residues in outdoor tomatoes from supervised trials in North America involving three foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation). [JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, Table 55, pp 9] TOMATO DAT no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water metrafenone mean Trial Reference GAP: USA, Canada.6 PHI: RTI: d Max. kg ai/ha/season.4 fruit.9, 46.-GA.4 fruit., 8. 46.-CA.4.9 8 fruit.8,.8.8 46.-NC8.4.4 84 fruit, 46.- NM.4 fruit 5, 9 46.- MI4 4.4.9 6 fruit, 46.- AZ4.4 fruit, 8 8 46.- CA5.4 fruit.,.9.5 46.- CA9.4.8 4 fruit.9,.9.9 46.- OH.4.6 58 fruit.9,.8.9 46.- NY.4.9 9 fruit.9, 46.- CA.4. 4 fruit,.8 46.- CA.4. 5 fruit,.8 46.- CA.4. 4 fruit.4,.. 46.- CA6.4 fruit.5,.6.6 46.- CA
68 Metrafenone TOMATO DAT no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water metrafenone mean Trial Reference.4 fruit.4,.45.4 46.- CA8.4 4 fruit 5,.5 46.- CA4,.4..4.5 6 fruit.9,.6..,.8.8 46.- FL8.,.9.4.5 6 fruit 8,.6. 46.- FL9 Hops Results from supervised trials from Europe and North America on hops were provided to the Meeting. In the European trials, two foliar applications of..6 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) were applied at 6 8 day intervals, using 6-nozzle mist blowers to apply about 5 6 L/ha. Plot sizes were 4 m with 54 plants/plot. Samples of fresh green hops (min.5 kg) were frozen within hours and additional. kg samples were kiln-dried ( 85 hours at 58 C) to obtain the dried cones samples (min kg). All samples were stored frozen for up to weeks before analysis for metrafenone using the LC/MS/MS BASF Method 55 with an LOQ of mg/kg. Table Residues in hop cones from supervised trials in Europe involving two foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation) HOPS Location (Variety) Residues DAT (mg/kg) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water metrafenone Reference & GAP: USA.6 RTI: d PHI: Max.6 kg ai/ha/season Germany, Weddegast, Saxony (Magnum) Germany, Golzern, Saxony (Nugget) Germany, 9 Golzern (Nugget) Germany, 9 Hohenebra (Nordischer Brauer) Germany, 9 Kleinbadegast (Magnum) + + + + +.6.5.5.6..4..5.. 6 54 5 6 4 4 6 4 green cones dried cones green cones dried cones green cones dried cones green cones dried cones green cones dried cones 9.5 9.4 4.5 8.4 4. 6.9 8.5 5.5 (c =.) 4.9 4.4..9. 6..4 4..8.6.8.. (c =.5) /4886 L /4886 L4 /489 Trial: L9 /489 Trial: L9 /489 Trial: L94
Metrafenone 69 HOPS Location (Variety) Germany, 9 Simonshofen (Magnum) Residues DAT (mg/kg) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water metrafenone.4 5 green cones dried cones 4 8 4 5.6 4.4. 4. Reference & /489 Trial: L95 In the North American trials, two foliar applications of.4.6 kg ai/ha metrafenone (SC formulation) were applied at 6 day intervals, using backpack 6 nozzle hand lances or tractormounted 6-nozzle airblast sprayers to apply about 9 6 L/ha with added adjuvant to single 4 square metre plots. Green cones samples (min.4 kg) were hand picked or mechanically harvested from at least five vines per plot and additional samples were dried to about % moisture content (about 6 C for hours) to give typical sample weights of at least.45 kg. Samples were frozen within hours and stored frozen for up to months before analysis for metrafenone using the LC/MS/MS multi-residue QuEChERS method (LOQ of mg/kg). Table 8 Residues in hop cones from supervised trials in North America involving two foliar applications of metrafenone (SC formulation) HOPS Location (Variety) no kg ai/ha kg ai/hl water DAT metrafenone mean Reference & GAP: USA.6 PHI: RTI: d Max.6 kg ai/ha/season green 6.8 6. cones /95 Parma, ID.4 5 466.-ID5 (Newport) 5., 8. dried cones green 6. 6. cones /95 Hubbard, OR.4 6 466.-OR9 (Nugget).,. dried cones 4 5.5 5.5 Prosser, WA (Nugget) Canada, Langton, ON (Nugget) Canada, St. Polycarpe, QC (Fuggle).4 5.4 5 +.6.5 8 9 green cones dried cones green cones dried cones green cones dried cones 4 5.,.9.6,.64 5.,..8,.89.9, 9.5.4 9.6, 5.5 88.8, 89.8 5., 58.8 9.6 5.4,. 89 9..5 /95 466.-WA /95 466.-ON5 See footnote /95 466.-QC In trial ON5, adverse weather conditions (hurricane) resulted in a -day retreatment interval and excessive insect damage completely defoliated the vines between the two applications. The crop was not commercially viable.
64 Metrafenone FATE OF RESIDUES IN STORAGE AND PROCESSING Processing Processing studies on apples, grapes, strawberries, tomatoes, barley, wheat and hops were reviewed by the JMPR and the processing factors estimated by that Meeting are re-presented below: Table 9 Summary of processing factors for metrafenone [ JMPR Metrafenone Evaluation, table, pp ] RAC Metrafenone a Calculated processing factors PF median or best estimate fruit canned,. Apple juice 9,.. wet pomace.,.. dried slices.9,..56 sauce 4., 4.8 4.45 grapes must (red wine).,.5,.,.8,.8,.,..8 must (white wine) 5, < 8,.6 8 wet pomace.8,.6. young wine (white). Grape., <, < 9, <., <. young wine (red)., <.8, < wine (white)., < 8, <.6 wine (red)., <, < 9, < 9, < 9 <., <.8, < juice.4,.6.5 raisins.6, <,.6,.9.5 fruit washed fruit.4,.45,.5,.5.45 Strawberry preserved fruit.9,.84,.99,..95 jam.,.,.4,.8.5 syrup 5, 6, 8, 9 fresh washed.5,.6,.84,.9. blanched.45,.9,.,.94. peeled <, <.,.,.5. preserved <., <., <.,. <. Tomato juice (raw).6,.,.5,.4.4 wet pomace., 4.8, 6., 6. 5.5 peel., 6.,.5,.9 6.85 paste.,.,.4,.5.85 ketchup.8,.4,.4,.5.4 puree.65,.9,.8,..8 Mushroom fresh canned 6 6 grain pearl barley <,, <.,. 65 pearl barley abrasion.5.5 Barley malt.4.4 brewers grain.. spent hops < < Brewer s yeast < < beer <, <, <, <., < 5 grain wholemeal flour.94,.,.,.9.4 Wheat flour type 55.,,.,.9 9 bran flour.,.6,.6,.6. coarse bran.9,.,.4,.5.8
Metrafenone 64 RAC Metrafenone a Calculated processing factors PF median or best estimate fine bran.6,.5, 4.9, 5. 4. whole grain bread.6,.64,,..65 dried cones extracted hops.8,.8,.8.8 Hops Brewer s yeast.8,, hops draff.4,.4,.5.4 beer <.5, <.5, <.6 <.5 a Each value represents a separate study where residues were above the LOQ in the RAC. The factor is the ratio of metrafenone residues in the processed item divided by the residue of metrafenone in the RAC. APPRAISAL Metrafenone, a benzophenone fungicide, was evaluated for the first time by the JMPR, where an ADI of. mg/kg bw was established, an ARfD was not considered necessary and a residue definition of metrafenone (parent only) was established for plant and animal commodities, for both compliance with MRLs and for dietary intake assessment. It was scheduled by the 4 th Session of the CCPR for the evaluation of additional uses by the 6 JMPR and the Meeting received new GAP and residue information on pome fruit, fruit and hops from the manufacturer. New GAP information on grapes and fruiting vegetables was also provided by the manufacturer, together with an ambient temperature metrafenone residue stability study in homogenised melons. Methods of analysis The JMPR reviewed and summarized analytical method descriptions and validation data for metrafenone in crop and animal matrices. These included The QuEChERS method and Method 55/ used to measure metrafenone in the new supervised residue trials. Method validation data for pome fruit, fruit and hops were provided to the Meeting. LOQs for all matrices were mg/kg. Stability of pesticide residues in stored analytical samples Plant matrices fresh analytical sub-samples The Meeting received an ambient storage residue stability study on melons where homogenised samples were spiked with mg/kg metrafenone and stored at 9 C± C for up to 6 hours before analysis for metrafenone. Residues were stable (more than 9% residues remaining) for up to 6 hours at room temperature. The Meeting concluded that if samples from supervised residue field trials were sub-sampled (quartered or sliced) in the field, and frozen within 6 hours of sampling, the results from those trials were suitable for estimating maximum residue levels. Plant matrices stored analytical samples The JMPR concluded that metrafenone residues were stable for up to 4 months in analytical frozen samples of a range of representative substrates (at least months in high starch and high water content matrices). In general, residues in the stored samples were greater than 8% of the spiked levels. Frozen sample storage times in the new trials were within the storage intervals considered acceptable by the JMPR
64 Metrafenone Results of supervised residue trials on crops The Meeting received new supervised trial data for foliar applications of metrafenone on pome fruit, fruit and hops. Trials on grapes and fruiting vegetables evaluated by the JMPR were reassessed in light of new GAP information provided to the Meeting. The results from these new trials and those previously reported by the JMPR and matching critical GAP were used to estimate maximum residue levels, STMRs and HRs for a number of commodities for which GAP information was available. Pome fruit Results from supervised trials on apples and pears conducted in USA were provided to the Meeting. The critical GAP for metrafenone on pome fruit in Canada and USA is for up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha applied at least days apart with a PHI of days, applying a total of. kg ai/ha/season. In independent trials on apples in USA matching this GAP, residues were:.8,.,.,.,.,.,.,.45,.49,.54 and.6 mg/kg. In six independent trials on pears in USA matching this GAP, residues were:., 6, 9,.9,.4 and.48 mg/kg. The Meeting noted that the data sets for apples and pears were not statistically diffferent (Mann-Whitney) and agreed to combine the data sets for apples and pears to estimate a pome fruit group maximum residue level. The combined data set for metrafenone residues in apples and pears from trials matching the GAP for pome fruit in Canada and USA is:.8,., 6, 9,.,.,.,.,.,.,.9,.4,.45,.48,.49,.54 and.6 mg/kg. The Meeting estimated an STMR of. mg/kg and a group maximum residue level of mg/kg for metrafenone on pome fruit. Stone fruit Results from supervised trials on cherries and peaches conducted in USA were provided to the Meeting. Cherries The critical GAP for metrafenone on cherries in Canada and USA is for up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha applied at least days apart with a PHI of days, applying a total of.6 kg ai/ha/season. In independent trials in USA matching this GAP, residues in cherries (without s) were:.,.,.9,.4,.44,.49,.55,.6,.65,.,.9 and. mg/kg. The Meeting noted that the GAP in USA and Canada covered the Codex Cherries sub-group and based on the data for cherries (without s), estimated an STMR for metrafenone of.5 mg/kg for cherries (sub-group). The Meeting also noted that cherry s do not contribute significantly to the total fruit weight and agreed to use the above data set to estimate a maximum residue level of mg/kg for metrafenone for cherries (sub-group). Peaches (including Nectarine and Apricots) The critical GAP for metrafenone on peaches (including nectarines) in Canada and USA is for up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha applied at least days apart with a PHI of days, applying a total of.6 kg ai/ha/season.
Metrafenone 64 In independent trials on peaches in USA matching this GAP, residues in peaches (without s) were:.5,.,, 9,.,.,.,.,.,.,.5,.8,.9 and.49 mg/kg. The Meeting noted that the GAP in USA for apricots was the same as for peaches, and thus covered the Codex Peaches sub-group (i.e. including apricots) and estimated an STMR for metrafenone of. mg/kg for peaches sub-group. The Meeting also noted that peach (and nectarine) s do not contribute significantly to the total fruit weight and agreed to use the above data set to estimate a maximum residue level of. mg/kg for metrafenone for peaches (sub-group). Small fruit vine climbing Grapes The Meeting received new GAP information for grapes in USA, up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha, day retreatment interval and a PHI of days. In eight independent trials from the USA, evaluated by the JMPR and matching the new USA GAP, residues in grapes were:.,.4,.5,.45,.46,.4,.48 and. mg/kg. Noting that the JMPR had estimated an STMR of.6 mg/kg and a maximum residue level of 5 mg/kg for metrafenone on grapes based on data matching the Canadian GAP (up to 6 foliar applications of.5 kg ai/ha, PHI days), the Meeting agreed that the new GAP in USA would be accommodated by the existing STMR and maximum residue level. Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits The Meeting received new GAP information for cucurbits in Canada and USA, up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha, day retreatment interval and a PHI of days. Cucumber The Meeting agreed to review the data on cucumbers provided to the JMPR in light of the new GAP for fruiting vegetables, cucurbits in Canada and USA. In six independent trials from USA on cucumbers matching the new GAP in Canada and USA, residues were:.5,.8,,,. and 6 mg/kg. Squash, Summer The Meeting agreed to review the data on summer squash provided to the JMPR in light of the new GAP for fruiting vegetables, cucurbits in Canada and USA. In independent trials from North America on summer squash matching this new GAP, residues in summer squash were:.,,,,,,,,.,,.,.8,.9 and. mg/kg. Melons (except watermelon) The Meeting noted that the JMPR had reviewed the data from melon trials but was unable to estimate a maximum residue level because the melon samples had been quartered in the field and no information was available on residue stability in chopped or sliced samples. Based on new information showing that metrafenone residues were stable for up to 6 hours in homogenised samples at room temperatures, the Meeting reviewed the data on melons provided to the JMPR in light of the new critical GAP in Canada and USA. In independent trials on melons (cantaloupes) in North America matching the new GAP in Canada and USA, residues were:.4,.8,.9,,,, 5, 8, 8,.,. and.8 mg/kg.
644 Metrafenone The Meeting noted that the GAP in Canada and USA was for the cucurbit group, that median residues in cucumber, summer squash and melons were within a 5-fold range (. mg/kg) and that the data sets were not from different populations (Kruskal-Wallis). The Meeting therefore agreed to combine these data sets to recommend a group maximum residue level for fruiting vegetables, cucurbits. Residues in cucumber, summer squash and melons from trials matching the GAP in Canada and USA for fruiting vegetables, cucurbits were:.4,.5,.,.8,.8,.9, (4),,, (5),.,., 5, 6,, 8, 8,.,.,.,.8,.8,.9 and. mg/kg. The Meeting estimated an STMR of mg/kg and a group maximum residue level of.5 mg/kg for metrafenone on fruiting vegetables, cucurbits and to withdraw the previous recommendations for cucumber, summer squash and gherkin. Fruiting vegetables, other than Cucurbits The Meeting received new GAP information for fruiting vegetables (other than cucurbits) in Canada and USA, up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha, day retreatment interval and a PHI of days. Peppers In nine independent trials from USA on peppers matching this new GAP, residues were:.8, 5,.5,.,.5,.4,.4,.4 and.5 mg/kg. The Meeting noted that the JMPR had estimated STMRs of 5 mg/kg and maximum residue levels of. mg/kg for metrafenone on sweet pepper and on Chili pepper based on glasshouse sweet pepper trials conducted in Europe matching the GAP in France (up to foliar applications of 5 kg ai/ha, PHI days). The Meeting agreed that the new GAP in Canada and USA would be accommodated by the existing maximum residue level but that since the STMR from the USA trials was higher than that estimated by the JMPR, the Meeting agreed to use the.5 mg/kg STMR from the trials matching the USA GAP for dietary intake estimation for peppers, sweet and peppers, Chili. Tomato The Meeting agreed to review the data on tomatoes provided to the JMPR in light of the new GAP in Canada and USA. In 9 independent trials from North America on tomatoes matching this new GAP, residues were:.8,.9,.9, (), (),, 8,.,.,.,.5,.6,.9, and.4 mg/kg. The Meeting estimated an STMR of mg/kg and a maximum residue level of.6 mg/kg for metrafenone on tomato to replace the previous recommendation and noting that the GAP in Canada and USA included use on eggplants, agreed to extrapolate the above estimations to eggplants. Dried herbs Results from supervised trials on hops conducted in Europe and North America were provided to the Meeting. Hops The GAP for metrafenone on hops in USA is for up to foliar applications of.6 kg ai/ha with a PHI of days. In trials in North America matching this GAP, metrafenone residues in dried hop cones were:,, and 4 mg/kg. In trials conducted in Europe and matching the GAP in USA, residues were,,,, and 4 mg/kg.
Metrafenone 645 Since the European and North American data sets were not from different populations (Mann- Whitney), the Meeting agreed to use the global data set approach and combined these data sets to recommend a maximum residue level for hops, dry. Residues from trials in North America and Europe matching the USA GAP for hops were:,,,,,,, 4, and 4 mg/kg The Meeting estimated an STMR of mg/kg and a maximum residue level of mg/kg for metrafenone on hops, dry. Fate of residues during processing Processing studies on apples, tomatoes and hops were among those reviewed by the JMPR and the processing factors estimated by that Meeting for the commodities considered at this Meeting are summarized below. Summary of selected processing factors and STMR-P values for metrafenone RAC Processing Factors a STMR (mg/kg) STMR-P (mg/kg) Apple fruit. canned.8 juice..48 wet pomace..8 dried slices.56 sauce 4.45. Tomato fresh preserved <. <. juice (raw).4. wet pomace 5.5.6 paste.85.4 puree.8.89 Hops dried cones extracted hops.8 8 brewers yeast. beer <.5 < a Each PF value is the median of 4 separate studies where residues were above the LOQ in the RAC. The PF in each study was the ratio of the metrafenone residues in the processed item divided by the residues in the RAC. The Meeting noted that in the above studies, metrafenone residues did not concentrate in food commodities during processing except in tomato sauce and wet tomato pomace and apple pomace. For dried chili peppers, applying the default processing factor of to the STMR and the maximum residue level estimated for peppers, the Meeting estimated an STMR of. mg/kg and a maximum residue level of mg/kg for metrafenone on peppers Chili, dried. Residues in animal commodities Farm animal dietary burden The Meeting noted that the JMPR had calculated beef and dairy cattle maximum dietary burdens of 9. ppm (dw) and mean dietary burdens of 4.9 ppm (dw) for beef and dairy cattle based on the Australian livestock diet listed in Appendix IX of the FAO Manual. Noting that the addition of wet apple pomace would not significantly change the estimated livestock dietary burdens (wet apple pomace not being a component of the Australian beef and dairy cattle livestock diet), the Meeting agreed that the maximum and mean livestock dietary burdens for beef and dairy cattle calculated by the JMPR did not need to be recalculated. The Meeting also agreed that the maximum dietary burdens (. ppm dw) and the mean dietary burdens (. ppm dw) for poultry, calculated by the JMPR did not need to be
646 Metrafenone recalculated as none of the feed items from the commodities considered by the Meeting contributed to any of the poultry diets. RECOMMENDATIONS On the basis of the data from supervised trials the Meeting concluded that the residue levels listed below are suitable for establishing maximum residue limits and for IEDI assessment. Definition of the residue (for compliance with the MRL and for dietary risk assessment) for plant and animal commodities: metrafenone The residue is fat soluble. Commodity Recommended Maximum residue level (mg/kg) CCN Name New Previous FS Cherries.5 VC 44 Cucumber W. VO 44 Egg plant.6 VC 45 Fruiting vegetables, Cucurbits.5 VC 45 Gherkin W. DH Hops, dry FS Peaches.. HS 444 Peppers Chili, dried.5 VO 444 Peppers, Chili.5 VO 445 Peppers, Sweet (including Pimento or.5 pimiento) FP 9 Pome fruits. VC 4 Squash, Summer W.6 VO 488 Tomato.6.4 STMR or STMR-P JF 6 Apple juice.48 DF 6 Apples, dried Apple sauce. Apple pomace, wet.8 JF 488 Tomato juice. JF 488 Tomato juice. VW 488 Tomato paste.4 MW 448 Tomato puree.89 Tomato (canned). Tomato pomace (wet).6 Beer < DIETARY RISK ASSESSMENT Long-term dietary exposure The International Estimated Daily Intake (IEDI) for metrafenone was calculated for the food commodities for which STMRs or HRs were estimated and for which consumption data were available. The results are shown in Annex to the 6 Report. The International Estimated Daily Intakes of metrafenone for the GEMS/Food cluster diets, based on estimated STMRs were % of the maximum ADI of. mg/kg bw. The Meeting
Metrafenone 64 concluded that the long-term dietary exposure to residues of metrafenone, from uses that have been considered by the JMPR, is unlikely to present a public health concern. Short-term dietary exposure The JMPR decided that an ARfD was unnecessary. The Meeting therefore concluded that the short-term exposure to metrafenone residues is unlikely to present a public health concern. REFERENCES Code Author(s) Year Title, Institute, Report reference JMPR Anon Pesticide residues in food Evaluations. Part I. Residues. Metrafenone (8), pp 9 96. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper, 5. Published. /89964 Lehmann, A Validation of BAS 56 F with BASF Method No. 55/ (L6/) in hops and beer. BASF SE, Limburgerhof, Germany Fed.Rep. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished /489 Braun, D Determination of residues of BAS 56 F in hops and its processed products after two applications of BAS 56 F in Germany. BioChem agrar Labor fuer biologische und chemische Analytik GmbH, Gerichshain, Germany Fed.Rep. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished /4886 Plier, S Determination of residues of BAS 56 F (Metrafenone) in hops after two applications of BAS 56 F in Germany. BioChem agrar Labor fuer biologische und chemische Analytik GmbH, Gerichshain, Germany Fed.Rep. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished /494 Carringer, SJ Magnitude and decline of the residue of Metrafenone in or on pome fruit raw agricultural commodities following three foliar applications of BAS 56 F fungicide. The Carringers Inc., Apex NC, USA. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished /94 Homa, K Metrafenone: Magnitude of the residue on cherry. IR-4 Project Headquarters, Princeton NJ, United States of America. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished /95 Homa, K Metrafenone: Magnitude of the residue on hops. IR-4 Project Headquarters, Princeton NJ, United States of America. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished /85 Homa, K Metrafenone: Magnitude of the residue on peach. IR-4 Project Headquarters, Princeton NJ, United States of America. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished 5/968 Meridian, H 5 Storage stability of Metrafenone in melon under ambient storage conditions. Eurofins Agroscience Services Chem Ltd., Melbourne Derbyshire DE 8AG, United Kingdom. GLP/GEP: yes. Unpublished