Homework Bring Something from your everyday life Ex. Picture, favorite toy, clothing item
Heritage Studies 6 Lesson 1
Mesopotamia Days of Abraham Discovering the Past Locating Mesopotamia
The Days of Abraham Why Abraham? He was from the region of Mesopotamia Nehemiah 9:7 Thou art the LORD the God, who didst choose Abram, and broughtest him forth out of Ur of the Chaldees, and gavest him the name of Abraham; Located south of Mesopotamia Abraham s life tells us much about life in ancient Mesopotamia
Life in Abraham s Time Life as a Nomad Travelled often Herdsmen Food Clothing Shelter Violent lifestyle
Discovering the Past Archeology Tells us how the people lived through artifacts Sir Leonard Wooley Discovered UR Proved Bible was Correct Faith vs. Science
Locating Mesopotamia The Euphrates River The Tigres River
The Importance of the Rivers The need for WATER in the desert Transportation Irrigation for Farming Fish for food Communication
Seeking the Past Lesson 2
Overview Archeology Importance Definition Archeology and the Bible Artifacts What do they tell us about the past
The study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and analysis of artifacts and other physical remains Archeologist Someone who studies archeology Archeology
Archeology cont. Gives us a look into the everyday lives of people Supplements and verifies any written history
Archeological Process Air and ground surveys Map out region SLOWLY DIGGING Most objects are very fragile Photograph object Recorded Tagged
Artifacts
Finding Artifacts Digging an excavation site Excavation- an archeological dig Digging through a tell Tell- A hill built up over centuries Formed by drifting sand over destroyed cities
Who works at an Archeological Dig Archeologist Photographer Photograph and record the excavation Architect Understand the layout of ancient structures Translator /Linguist Read ancient languages found on artifacts Artist Sketch artifacts found
Christian Perspective The Bible is our infallible history We do not need archeology to verify what the Bible says We must have faith that the Word of God is never false Just because something has not been found through archeology does not mean it is false Sumer camels Remember the flood
Sumer of Mesopotamia Lesson 3
Overview Groups of People Each group defined Importance Roles in ancient society
Farmers and Fishermen
Irrigated the land Did not need to be right next to water First to use wheel Used plows pulled by oxen Planted multiple types of crops Farmers
Crops Farmed Barley Wheat Peas Onions Garlic Flax From a flax plant and could be woven into cloth
Other Job of Farmers Raise Animals Donkeys Oxen Goats Pigs Sheep
Importance in Society Provided food for the population Advances in technology Wheel Yoke and Plows Skid Instead of a skid
Importance cont. Provided commerce Trade Rented land Sold hides, wool, flax Sold meat in market Sold animals for transportation
Fishermen Provided food From the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers Fish was most widely eaten meat Exploration Help create connections between different groups Provided commerce through selling fish
Merchants and Traders
Who Were They Workers from around the world Adventurous From multiple countries India Egypt
Jobs of the Traders Dockworkers Sailors Scribes Kept track of all the records Merchants
Cuneiform Sumerian writing made up wedge shaped characters Language had 600 characters Stylus Reed instrument used to write records on a clay tablet Cylinder seal Signature of the merchant A small with carvings to identify the owner Key Terms
Importance in Society Provided natural resources that the area did not already have Stone Wood Gems Metals
Importance cont. Extensive records give historians a look into the past that would not have been known otherwise The merchants constantly explored new area to sell their goods
Artisans
What is an Artisan Turned raw materials into finished goods Ex. Turning clay into pottery Responsible for exports Clothing Jewelry
Importance of exports Provided commerce for the society Aided in exploration of new places to sell items Exports could be traded for items not available in Mesopotamia
Religion in Mesopotamia
Key Terms Ziggurat Place where they worshipped like a temple Polytheism Worshipping many gods Nanna Lived at top of ziggurat People brought sacrifices for him
Importance of Religion The priests were very respected and powerful Sumerians believed they had to please the gods All Sumerian activities were accompanied by religious activities Religion was the central thing for the culture
Royalty on Sumer Made up of city-states A city and the area around it Controlled by a king The kings were considered to be god s highest representative on earth Ur was the most powerful city-state
The Sumerian Society Ruled by laws set forth by the king Required to pay fines for any lawbreaking Records of any transaction were kept in the temple
Sumerians at Home
Children at School Only boys from wealthy families went to school Scribes taught all the classes Kept in line by the man in charge of the whip The chief teacher was the school father Studied writing lists, mathematics, grammar Studied in the tablet-house
Proverbs Used by teachers to help children understand certain principles Into an open mouth, a fly enters Bits of wisdom in a short sentences
Families in Sumeria 4-5 children Girls stayed at home and learned hot to be housewives Boys learned a trade from their father or went to school Marriages were usually arranged
Children in Sumer Music was an important part of life Harps Drums Pipes Tambourines Taught to be respectful and obedient If not, punished severely Disowned