From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers ANSWER KEY How did the development of agriculture change daily life in the Neolithic Age? P R E V I E W In the boxes below, create a two-part cartoon strip that shows one way that the invention of the computer changed people s lives. Use simple drawings to show what the people in the cartoon are thinking or saying. In the Past Today Cartoons will vary. R E A D I N G N O T E S Social Studies Vocabulary As you complete the Reading Notes, use these terms in your answers. Paleolithic Age Fertile Crescent domesticate nomad resource Neolithic Age Catal Hoyuk agriculture trade Section 1 1. Briefly describe what life was like in the Paleolithic Age and the Neolithic Age. During the Paleolithic Age, humans were hunter-gatherers. They were always looking for food and took shelter in places such as caves. During the Neolithic Age, humans grew their own food, built permanent shelters, and settled down in one place. 2. Where were many Neolithic settlements located and why? Neolithic settlements were located east of the Mediterranean Sea because the land was fertile. Teachers Curriculum Institute From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers 1
Section 2 1. How did people obtain food in the Paleolithic Age? What were some of the problems with obtaining food this way? During the Paleolithic Age, people obtained food by hunting animals and gathering plants. Some of the problems were that hunting was dangerous and the food supply was not dependable. 2. Answer each question by filling in the speech bubbles for Neolithic Nel. One example is done for you below. Rather than gather wild plants, what did Neolithic people learn to do? We learned that we could grow our own food by collecting and planting the seeds of plants. What did Neolithic people learn about domesticating animals? We learned how to raise animals for their milk and meat. We also used animals to carry heavy loads and plow fields. What is agriculture? Why was the invention of agriculture important? Agriculture means that we grow our own crops and domesticate animals. Agriculture was important because it gave us a stable food supply. 2 From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers Teachers Curriculum Institute
Section 3 1. What did people use for shelter in the Paleolithic Age? Why were these shelters temporary? During the Paleolithic Age, people lived in tents or caves. Shelters were temporary because people were nomads who moved around to follow wild animal herds and find new plants to eat. 2. Answer each question by filling in the speech bubbles for Neolithic Nick. How were houses built in the Neolithic Age? Our houses were made of mud mixed with stones and tree branches. How did Neolithic people use their houses to store and cook food? We stored food in the floor of our houses. We dug a cooking pit in the floor. Why was the development of permanent shelters important? Our permanent shelters protected us from weather and animals, made life more comfortable, allowed new ways to cook food, and let us form larger communities. Teachers Curriculum Institute From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers 3
Section 4 1. Why were communities small during Paleolithic times? During the Paleolithic Age, people lived in small bands of 20 to 60 people because they were always moving from place to place in search of food. 2. Answer each question by filling in the speech bubbles for Neolithic Nel. How did community living help Neolithic people become better organized? What advantage did Neolithic people get from working together in communities? Because we lived in larger communities, we could divide up the work. Working together allowed us to finish tasks faster. Why was the establishment of communities important? In communities, we had more time to make our lives more comfortable and much safer. We could defend ourselves more easily. Our population increased. 4 From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers Teachers Curriculum Institute
Section 5 1. What was the most important job in the lives of Paleolithic people? During the Paleolithic Age, people s most important job was to find food for survival. 2. Answer each question by filling in the speech bubbles for Neolithic Nick. What were some of the specialized jobs of the townspeople of Catal Hoyuk? Why did Neolithic people decorate pottery and polish stones? Our specialized jobs included weaving, basket making, toolmaking, and trading. We had more time to decorate pottery and polish stones to make our lives more beautiful. Why was the development of different jobs important? The development of different jobs helped us focus on finding ways to do these jobs better. Different jobs added more variety to community life. Teachers Curriculum Institute From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers 5
Section 6 1. What resources did Paleolithic people use? During the Paleolithic Age, people used only the resources found nearby. 2. Answer each question by filling in the speech bubbles for Neolithic Nel. Why did Neolithic people trade? We traded to get resources that we did not have in our own area. How did Neolithic people conduct trade? Our traders had to travel hundreds of miles walking on foot, riding donkeys, or sailing on ships. Why was the growth of trade important? The growth of trade allowed us to make use of more resources. Because traders met new people, ideas and knowledge spread throughout the world. Use this rubric to evaluate the Processing assignment. P R O C E S S I N G Score Description On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph answering the Essential Question: The paragraph contains a claim that clearly answers the Essential Question and is supported How did 3 the by development multiple pieces of of agriculture evidence. All change of the required daily life elements in the (food, Neolithic shelter, Age? and skills) are Compare and compared contrast between how people the Paleolithic got their and food, Neolithic where age. they There lived, are no and spelling the skills or grammar errors. they developed The paragraph in the Paleolithic contains a and claim Neolithic that somewhat ages. answers the Essential Question and is 2 supported by some evidence. Some of the required elements (food, shelter, and skills) are compared between the Paleolithic and Neolithic age. There are some spelling or grammar errors. The paragraph contains a claim that does not answer the Essential Question and lacks 6 From 1 Hunters evidence. and Few Gatherers or none to of Farmers the required elements (food, shelter, and skills) are Teachers compared Curriculum between Institute the Paleolithic and Neolithic age. There are many spelling or grammar errors.