The Clarion International Multidisciplinary Journal
|
|
- Liliana Bridges
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 E The Carion Voume 2 Number 1 (2013) PP The Carion Internationa Mutidiscipinary Journa ISSN : Occupationa heath hazards of tea garden workers of Hajua and Marangi tea estates of Assam, India Parijat Borgohain Department of Geography, Cotton Coege, Guwahati, India. Abstract Occupationa Heath Hazards refer to the potentia risks to heath and safety of workers in their workpaces. Tea garden workers are susceptibe to a number of hazards in their workpaces due to physica, bioogica, mechanica, chemica and psychosocia factors. The present paper tries to examine the occupationa heath hazards faced by the tea garden workers of Hajua Tea Estate of Sibsagar District and Marangi Tea Estate of Goaghat District in Assam. Factors such as income, educationa eves of the workers, avaiabiity of medica faciities in the tea gardens, hygiene and sanitation, genera awareness and perception about the different occupationa heath hazards have been taken into account whie arriving at the findings of the study. It has been found from the study that the tea garden workers are educationay agging behind, heath faciities are not adequate and safety measures are acking. This has resuted in a number of work-reated accidents and the workers are found to suffer from a number of heath probems. The study has been conducted mainy with the hep of primary data coected with the hep of a questionnaire. Atogether 72 workers, both mae and femae of Hajua Tea Estate and 140 workers of Marangi Tea Estate have been surveyed by Random Samping Method. In addition, secondary information has been coected from sources such as books, journas and the Internet. Keywords : Accidents, Hygiene and sanitation, Medica faciities, Occupationa heath hazards. 1. Introduction Occupationa heath aims at prevention of disease and maintenance of the highest degree of physica, menta and socia we-being of workers in a occupations. The Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupationa Heath, gave the foowing definition. Occupationa Heath shoud aim at the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physica, menta and socia we-being of workers in a occupations, the prevention among workers of departures from heath caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their empoyment from risks resuting from factors adverse to heath; the pacing and maintenance of the worker in an occupationa environment adapted to his physioogica and psychoogica equipment, and, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job (ILO/ WHO, 1995). One of the basic aims of occupationa heath is to provide a safe occupationa environment in order to safeguard the heath of the workers and to step up industria production. Occupation and heath are cosey reated. The occupationa environment of the worker cannot be separated from his domestic environment. Both are compementary to each other. Stress at work may disturb his domestic ife just as stress at home may affect his work (Park, 2005). Tea is consumed in about 100 countries and India is the argest producer and consumer of tea in the word (Baroowah, 2006). Assam is the Corresponding author : parijat_borgohain@rediffmai.com
2 130 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) argest tea producing state in India and contributes about 60 per cent of the tota production of India (Sen, 2008). Tea is an important agro-industry of Assam, which contributes immensey to the state s economy (Griffiths, 1967). The present study tries to find out the occupationa heath hazards of tea garden workers of Hajua Tea Estate in Sibsagar District and Marangi Tea Estate in Goaghat District of Assam. (Figure - 1). Figure - 1 : Map of Assam (India) showing the ocation of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates 2. Objectives The objectives of the study are as foows : to find out the vunerabiity of the tea garden workers to various heath probems, to find out the various occupationa heath hazards faced by the workers of the surveyed tea estates, to find out the effects of the heath probems of the workers upon their occupationa and socia ives, and to suggest measures for mitigating the occupationa heath hazards of the tea garden workers. 3. Methodoogy The study has been mainy conducted with the hep of a questionnaire prepared for the purpose. Queries reevant to the theme under study has been incuded in the questionnaire ike income pattern, housing conditions, source of drinking water, heath and safety measures avaiabe to the workers of Hajua and Marangi tea estates, heath probems of the workers, etc. The services of a medica practitioner was utiized to assess the medica heath of the tea garden workers, Atogether 72 workers from Hajua Tea Estate and 140 workers from Marangi Tea Estate were seected by Random Samping Method. Data has aso been coected by conducting group discussion with fied officias and supervisors and by interacting with the management of the two estates. Secondary information on the subject has been coected from sources such as books, journas and the Internet. The additiona information has been thoroughy examined ony to buid up a strong perspective towards examining the topic. Looking from various anges enabes a range of views to be considered in criticay anayzing the topic under study. Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
3 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) 131 The data coected through the questionnaire has been anayzed and appropriate statistica methods and techniques incuding bar diagrams, coumn diagrams, pie charts have been used wherever possibe for interpreting the findings of the study. 4. Anaysis and Discussion The occupationa heath hazards of tea garden workers of Hajua and Marangi tea estates can be gauged by the socia and economic faciities avaiabe to them such as wages, housing faciities, etc., by the heath faciities avaiabe in the tea gardens, safety measures adopted in their working environments, etc. 4.1 Socio-economic settings of the workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates Educationa quaification Most of the workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates are not highy educated with many of them being iiterate. It is seen that the mae workers of Hajua Tea Estate are comparativey more educated compared to those of Marangi Tea Estate. (Figure - 2 up to Figure - 4). Figure - 2 Figure - 3 Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
4 132 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) Figure Nature of work More than two-thirds of the surveyed respondents are permanent workers at Hajua Tea Estate whie more than haf of the workers of Marangi Tea Estate are temporary workers. The surveyed workers are engaged in various types of work, as eaf puckers, pesticide sprayers, workers of the tea factory ocated inside Marangi Tea Estate, bungaow workers working as cook, servant, chowkidar, abourers, etc. A the surveyed femae workers of Marangi Tea Estate and per cent of Hajua Tea Estate are eaf puckers, whie per cent are engaged in other activities. A the surveyed pesticide sprayers are mae (Figure - 5, Figure - 6) Figure - 5 Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
5 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) 133 Figure Income : The surveyed temporary and permanent workers earn Rs. 400/- per week (Rs /- per day) in Marangi Tea Estate whie temporary workers earn Rs /- per day and permanent workers from Rs.1300/- onwards per month depending on the nature of work in Hajua Tea Estate. Temporary workers work for 6-7 months in a year. Earnings of the surveyed permanent workers of both the tea estates have been cacuated after provident fund deductions Housing : The permanent empoyees of Hajua Tea Estate and Marangi Tea Estate are provided with quarters which are Assam Type houses. The temporary workers of both the estates ive in their own Kutcha houses. 5. Heath and Sanitation faciities avaiabe at Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates Tea workers, ike any other industria workers are prone to accidents at work. Therefore, readiy avaiabe medica and emergency services hep in giving prompt medicine and treatment to the workers. 5.1 Heath Faciities : Marangi Tea Estate has a hospita inside the tea garden manned by a doctor, a nurse and two compounders. An Out Patient Department (OPD) is aso avaiabe in the hospita. Hajua Tea Estate does not have a garden hospita. A sick workers are referred to the nearby parent hospita ocated in Khumtai Hajua Tea Estate 6 km away which has a 30- bedded hospita manned by a Senior Medica officer, 3 pharmacists, 4 nurses and 5 dressers. Permanent workers of the two estates get free medicines whie the temporary abourers get free treatment and medicine if they fa sick whie they are working in the tea estate. There are six member groups known as Mother s Cub in Hajua Tea Estate consisting of permanent femae workers who are trained by UNICEF in the tea estate itsef on heath and hygiene and ceaniness. They campaign door-to-door two days per week educating the workers about the demerits of iquor consumption, benefits of iving in cean surroundings and about the drawbacks of absenteeism from work. 5.2 Sanitation faciities : Most of the surveyed workers of Hajua Tea Estate have sanitary atrines whie a the workers of Marangi Estate have pit atrines. Drainage system in Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
6 134 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) the abour ines is poor and suage water pass out of the houses through narrow drains cut in the ground in both the tea estates. Overfow of water into the nearby areas creates breeding grounds for mosquitoes and germs (Bhadra, 1997). 5.3 Hygiene : Hygiene infuences the heath of a popuation. The surveyed respondents wash their face and brush their teeth daiy. They use tooth brushes or twigs of trees to brush their teeth. They cannot afford to use soap reguary for washing purpose. More than 90 per cent of the surveyed respondents of Hajua Tea Estate and more than 75 per cent of the workers of Marangi Tea Estate drink boied water to ward off water-borne diseases. 5.4 Using mosquito nets : The cimate of Assam is highy receptive to maaria transmission (Dev et a., 2006). Using mosquito nets heps in preventing maaria. More than 90 per cent of the surveyed workers of Hajua and 75 per cent of the surveyed workers of Marangi Tea Estates use mosquito nets whie seeping. 5.5 Visiting doctor when sick : When the workers of the surveyed tea estates fa sick, they usuay visit the garden doctor or doctors and pharmacists avaiabe in nearby pharmacies and hospitas. But the study has reveaed that about 23 per cent of tea garden workers of Marangi Tea Estate visit bez or traditiona doctors who prescribe traditiona medicine. 6. Occupationa Heath Hazards faced by the workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates Tea garden workers are susceptibe to numerous occupationa heath probems as aready stated above. Some major occupationa heath hazards faced by the surveyed workers are stated beow : 6.1 Physica Hazards : A number of respondents of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates report feeing some form of inconvenience in their working environments on account of heat, cod, rain, ight, noise, vibration, etc. (Tabe-1, Tabe- 2). Tabe - 1 : Physica hazards faced at work by the workers of Hajua Tea Estate. Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Heat Cod Rain Tabe - 2 : Physica hazards faced at work by the workers of Marangi Tea Estate. Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Heat Cod Rain Noise Vibration Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
7 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) Mechanica hazards : Some mechanica hazards faced by the workers of the surveyed tea estates are stated beow (Tabe - 3, Tabe - 4). Tabe - 3 : Mechanica Hazards faced at work by the workers of Hajua Tea Estate. Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Cuts Injuries Sprains Tabe - 4 : Mechanica Hazards faced by the workers of Marangi Tea Estate. Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Cuts Injuries Sprains Bioogica Hazards : Tea garden workers are susceptibe to a number of bioogica hazards ike insect bite, funga infections and maaria, among others per cent of the surveyed workers of Hajua Tea Estate and 20 per cent of the surveyed workers of Marangi Tea Estate have suffered from insect bites whie working in the tea gardens. Besides, 6.67 per cent of the surveyed mae workers and per cent of femae workers of Hajua Tea Estate have been found to have suffered from maaria, whie about 1 per cent of mae and femae workers of Marangi Tea Estate have been found to have suffered from maaria. 6.4 Chemica Hazards : None of the surveyed workers of the two tea estates have been found to have been affected by chemica hazards such as dermatitis, eczema, ucers, among others. 6.5 Psychosocia Hazards : Psychosocia heath of the tea garden workers is aso infuenced by their overa occupationa heath conditions. Psychosocia workpace characteristics reated to stress and work frustration may be due to heath outcomes, the baance between a worker s efforts and the rewards (e.g., pay, recognition, status, prospects of promotion, etc.) received for his or her work, and the extent to which supervisors (Pun et a, 2003) and co-workers are supportive. Other psychosocia characteristics incude work stabiity, service conditions, job satisfaction, wefare conditions in the tea estates, etc. (Park, 2005). Job satisfaction of the surveyed tea garden workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates are stated beow (Tabe - 5). Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
8 136 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) Tabe - 5 : Job Satisfaction among the surveyed tea garden workers. Hajua Tea Estate Marangi Tea Estate Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Very much satisfied Just satisfied Not so much satisfied Not at a satisfied It is seen that more than 50 per cent of the surveyed tea garden workers of Hajua Tea Estate and more than 24 per cent of the workers in Marangi Tea Estate are very much satisfied with their jobs. The higher satisfaction eves among the workers of Hajua Tea Estate may be on account of most of them being permanent workers enjoying better medica, housing and other benefits (Tabe - 5). 7. Heath probems faced by the surveyed tea garden workers The surveyed tea garden workers of Hajua and Marangi tea estates report facing some heath probems which are stated beow (Tabe - 6, Tabe - 7). Tabe - 6 : Heath Probems faced by the respondents of Hajua Tea Estate. Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Body pain Anaemia High B.P Respiratory diseases Cough Headache Maaria Abdomina Disorder Chest Pain Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
9 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) 137 Tabe - 7 : Heath Probems faced by the respondents of Marangi Tea Estate. Category Mae P. C. Femae P. C. Body pain Anaemia High B.P Respiratory diseases Cough Headache Causes of vunerabiity of the tea workers to various occupationa heath hazards Genera awareness and perception about occupation hazards are ow among the tea garden workers because of iiteracy and aso because they ive in isoated surroundings with few contacts with the urban miieu (Bhadra, 1997). The main causes of vunerabiity of the surveyed workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates to occupationa hazards are stated beow : The workers cannot afford a nutritiona diet because of ow wages and fa prey to diseases easiy (van der Wa, 2008). Temporary workers get fewer socia benefits ike medica care, housing, educationa faciities for their chidren, etc. Pesticides are often sprayed without proper protection. Protective gear is aso not provided to the workers whie operating machines in the tea garden factory of Marangi Tea Estate, thus resuting in cuts and bruises. Intoxication among the tea garden workers is a common phenomenon. More than 80 per cent of mae workers of both the tea estates and per cent and 40 per cent femae workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates respectivey drink rice beer. Around 70 per cent of the mae workers of both the tea estates smoke and/or chew tobacco whie per cent surveyed femae tea garden workers of Hajua and per cent femae workers of Marangi tea estates chew tobacco which is injurious to heath. 9. Effects of occupationa heath hazards upon the occupationa and socia ives of the tea garden workers I-heath of the tea workers on account of occupationa heath hazards ike physica hazards, chemica hazards, bioogica hazards, mechanica hazards and psychoogica hazards may resut in a host of physica and psychosocia probems. Effects of physica hazards ike vibration may resut in fatigue, irritabiity, headache, spina disorders, etc. Hearing continuous high decibe sounds in the tea factory may ead to irritabiity, headache, hearing impairment, etc. Insect bites, cuts, injuries and other accidents aong with other occupationa diseases cause pain, weakness and discomfort to the workers. Among the surveyed tea garden workers, 15 (33.33 per cent) mae and 16 (59.26 per cent) femae workers respectivey of Hajua Tea Estate have remained absent from work during the past one year on account of injuries and inesses, resuting in oss of income; whie 50 (62.50 per cent) mae and Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
10 138 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) 54 (90 per cent) femae workers respectivey of Marangi Tea Estate have remained absent from work during the past one year on account of the same. Among the surveyed tea garden workers of Hajua Tea Estate, per cent and per cent of the mae and femae workers respectivey suffer from work frustration. Among the surveyed tea garden workers of Marangi Tea Estate, per cent and per cent of the mae and femae workers respectivey suffer from work frustration. Stress experienced at the workpace may resut in fatigue, anxiety, irritabiity or depression. It may spiover to their homes and may be one of the causes of domestic vioence, heavy drinking, etc. It is seen that domestic vioence is prevaent among 40 per cent and 22 per cent workers of Hajua and Marangi tea estates respectivey. 10. Suggestions for improving the occupationa heath of the tea garden workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates Some suggestions for improving the occupationa heath conditions of the tea garden workers of Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates are as stated beow : Educationa faciities for the tea garden workers shoud be improved. There is a primary schoo in each of the surveyed tea estates. The tea garden workers shoud be made aware of the importance of forma education upon one s future. Income of both permanent and temporary workers shoud be increased so that they can ead comfortabe and hygienic ifestyes and invest more in heath and education. The tea garden workers shoud be made aware of the importance of the heath benefits of drinking safe drinking water, of using mosquito nets whie seeping, of keeping their surroundings cean and free from dirt and stagnant water. The was and machinery of the tea factory at Marangi Tea Estate shoud be kept cean, machines shoud be fenced off and the foors, stairs and means of access shoud be of sound construction (Indian Tea Association, 1991). Protective cothing ike goves, masks, hemets, etc. shoud aso be provided to workers working inside the tea garden factory at Marangi Tea Estate. Spraying and fumigating the residentia areas with insecticide from time to time wi reduce the number of mosquitoes and fies. Tea garden workers can be provided with umbreas and japi, the traditiona Assamese cap to protect them from the heat and rain. Proper training regarding handing of toos and machines shoud be given to workers before operating the factory machines. Utmost precaution shoud be taken whie spraying chemicas so that the workers are not exposed to hazardous chemicas. Protection equipment such as gogges or face shieds, chemica-resistant goves, aprons, boots and respirators shoud be provided. Injuries to the ower back resuting from ifting heavy goods are common among tea workers (35 per cent surveyed workers of both the tea estates suffer from it). Mechanica devices such as vacuum ifts can aid in reducing heavy ifting tasks. Assigning more than one worker to a heavy ifting task can hep reduce the chances of back injury. Rotation of duties can be done to minimize the i-effects of workers working in the factory at Marangi Tea Estate and the pesticide sprayers working in both the surveyed tea estates. The tea garden workers heath shoud be promoted by providing information and making them aware of heath issues and encouraging them to make physioogica, menta and socia choices that improve their heath (IGNOU, 2009). The two main aws for compensating occupationa diseases and accidents, ie, the Workman s Compensation Act and the Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
11 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) 139 Empoyees State Insurance (ESI) shoud be enforced in both the tea estates. The Pantation Labour Act, 1951, shoud be enforced so that the physica, socia and emotiona/psychoogica securities of the workers are not compromised by the owners of the tea gardens in the name of earning more revenue. Heath faciities shoud be further improved in both the tea estates. More heath empoyees ike doctors, nurses and pharmacists shoud be appointed at Marangi Tea Estate, which is a big tea estate. Heath awareness camps and faciities for periodic heath check up of the empoyees of both the tea estates shoud be provided. Rehabiitation of sick and disabed tea garden workers shoud aso be taken care of by the authorities of the tea estates. The workers ike to be recognized for their work and are susceptibe to the effects of ove, recognition, rejection, job satisfaction, rewards and discipine (Park, 2005). As such, the master-servant reationship existing in the tea estates shoud be graduay done away with. 11. Concusion The study has reveaed that the tea garden workers of both Hajua and Marangi Tea Estates of Assam have a ong way to go in terms of mitigating the occupationa heath hazards. Prevention and contro of occupationa heath hazards among the workers can be done by reguar environmenta monitoring incuding exposure to chemica, bioogica, mechanica and physica agents in their work environments. Providing economic benefits wi hep in boosting the morae of the workers thereby improving their physica and menta heath. The present heath status of the tea garden workers can be improved through better hygienic practices, environmenta sanitation, creating heath awareness and nutritiona intervention and overa improvement of socio-economic conditions of the popuation (Medhi, et a., 2006). Under the Pantation Labour Act, 1951, empoyers are required to provide ration, fue, housing, maternity benefits and free medica treatment to the workers, appoint wefare officers, make primary education compusory for a and have crèches where there are more than 50 women empoyees. Athough some of the above benefits are avaiabe to the workers of the two surveyed tea estates, some of them are not appicabe in the case of temporary workers who constitute a considerabe proportion in the surveyed tea estates, as aready stated. The tea garden authorities of both Hajua and Marangi tea estates have to be more sensitive to the socioeconomic needs of the workers so that there is an overa improvement in occupationa heath, thereby mitigating the heath hazards to the greatest possibe extent. References Baroowah, G. P., 2006 : The Legend, Life and Liveihood of India, Guwahati, india, LBS Pubications, Bhadra, R. K., 1997 : Socia Dimensions of Heath of Tea Pantation Workers in India, Dibrugarh, India, N.L. Pubishers, Dev, V., Dash, A. P., Khound, K., 2006 : High-risk areas of maaria and prioritizing interventions in Assam, Current Science, Vo. 90 (1), Griffiths, P., 1967 : The History of the Indian Tea Industry, London, U. K., Wiam Cowes and Sons, IGNOU, 2009 : Human Resource Management MPA-014, New Dehi, India : Berry Art Press, ILO/WHO, 1995 : Occupationa safety and Heath, retrieved from dated Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
12 140 Borgohain / The Carion (2013) Indian Tea Association, 1991 : Labour Legisation, Vo.1, Cacutta, India, ITA, Medhi, G. K., Hazarika, N. C., Shah, B., Mahanta, J., 2006 : Study of heath probems and nutritiona status of tea garden popuation of Assam, Indian Journa of Medica Science, Vo 60(12) : Park, K., 2005 : Park s Textbook of Preventive and Socia Medicine, Jabapur, India, Banarsjdas Bhanot Pubishers, Pun, K. F., Yam, R.C.M., Lewis, W. G., 2003 : Safety management system registration in the shipping industry, Internationa Journa of Quaity & Reiabiity Management, Vo. 20 (6) : Sen, B. B. (ed.), 2008 : Origin and Deveoment of Tea, Guwahati, India, EBH Pubishers, iii-v. Wa, van der S., 2008 : Sustainabiity Issues in the Tea Sector, A Comparative Anaysis of Six Leading Producing Countries, Amsterdam, Netherand, Centre for Research on Mutinationa Corporation, n n n Voume 2 Number 1 (2013)
A Study On Occupational Health Hazards And The Safety Measures Taken By The Tea Plantation Workers Of Kerala
A Study On Occupational Health Hazards And The Safety Measures Taken By The Tea Plantation Workers Of Kerala Dr Prof Govindankutty 1, Mr. S. Priyadarshan 2 2 Assistant Professor 1 MSN Institute Management
More informationMedical Conditions Policy
Medical Conditions Policy Background: Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction. Up to two per cent of the general population and up to 5 percent of young children (0-5yrs) are at risk.
More informationUnderstanding Anaphylaxis in Schools
For some parents and guardians, sending a child with potentially life-threatening (severe) allergies off to school can feel like a daunting task. Successfully transitioning a child into school requires
More informationFairfield Public Schools Family Consumer Sciences Curriculum Food Service 30
Fairfield Public Schools Family Consumer Sciences Curriculum Food Service 30 Food Service 30 BOE Approved 05/09/2017 1 Food Service 30 Food Service 30 Students will continue to participate in the school
More informationANAPHYLAXIS POLICY. This policy was last ratified by School Council on March 2014
ANAPHYLAXIS POLICY This policy was last ratified by School Council on March 2014 RATIONALE Anaphylaxis is a severe rapidly progressive allergic reaction that is potentially life threatening and requires
More informationInternational Research Journal of Social Sciences ISSN Vol. 3(12), 46-53, December (2014)
International Research Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 2319 3565 Status of water supply, Sanitation and Hygiene practices among the Tea Garden population of Assam-A case study in Barbaruah and Jamira Tea
More informationCOUNTY DETENTION COOK (Job Description)
COUNTY DETENTION COOK (Job Description) Class specifications are intended to present a descriptive list of the range of duties performed by employees in the class. Specifications are not intended to reflect
More informationAllergies and Intolerances Policy
Allergies and Intolerances Policy 2016 2018 This policy should be read in conjunction with the following documents: Policy for SEND/Additional Needs Safeguarding & Child Protection Policy Keeping Children
More informationLIMITED SERVICE CHARITABLE FEEDING OPERATION (LSCFO) REGISTRATION FORM
County of Santa Clara Department of Environmental Health 1555 Berger Drive, Suite 300, San Jose, CA 95112-2716 Phone 408-918-3400 Fax 408-258-5891 Email: DEHWEB@cep.sccgov.org Web: www.ehinfo.org/cpd LIMITED
More informationPower and Priorities: Gender, Caste, and Household Bargaining in India
Power and Priorities: Gender, Caste, and Household Bargaining in India Nancy Luke Associate Professor Department of Sociology and Population Studies and Training Center Brown University Nancy_Luke@brown.edu
More informationFair Trade C E R T I F I E D
Fair Trade C E R T I F I E D Every Purchase Matters. Apparel & Home Goods Program What is Fair Trade? Safe Working Conditions Guarantee of safe factory working conditions Advancement of People Direct mechanism
More informationNutrition on Campus COLLEGES AGAINST CANCER AND COLLEGIATE MISSION TOOLKIT
Nutrition on Campus COLLEGES AGAINST CANCER AND COLLEGIATE MISSION TOOLKIT Eat Your Way to Better Heath What Every Coege Student Needs to Know A-nighters, sitting in casses a day, pizza deivery at 2:00
More informationGender Equality Club Curriculum Gender and Work, Ethiopia
Gender Equality Club Curriculum Gender and Work, Ethiopia Developed by Nicole Cristobal As a part of the GEC team w/ Ciera Young and Jawanza Rand Overview: This curriculum was created off of field work
More informationA d v a n c e d B a k i n g a n d P a s t r i e s ( 1 2 D )
8 9 9 8 A d v a n c e d B a k i n g a n d P a s t r i e s ( 1 2 D ) 40S/40E/40M A Baking and Pastry Arts Course 8 9 9 8 : A d v a n c e d B a k i n g a n d P a s t r i e s ( 1 2 D ) 4 0 S / 4 0 E / 4
More informationGUIDELINES FOR TABLE D HÔTE
APPENDIX II GUIDELINES FOR TABLE D HÔTE 1. Definition A table d hôte will preferably, be part of a dwelling house or located on the same premises of a dwelling house. However, stand-alone developments
More informationIntegrated Mixing & Forming Systems
Bread Integrated Mixing & Forming Systems For high-voume production of tin bread, Baker Perkins range of integrated mixing and forming systems offers a combination of output, efficiency and product quaity
More informationSt Francis Xavier Primary School Anaphylaxis Management Policy
St Francis Xavier Primary School Anaphylaxis Management Policy Reviewed: February 2015 Ratified: March 2015 Next Review: 2019 RATIONALE: Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction that
More informationilocos region Food Safety Team
6/26/2012 1 1 Food Hazards Employee Training Health, Hygiene & Hand Washing Cross Contamination Food Preparation Process Controls 6/26/2012 2 2 To understand the basic knowledge of Good Manufacturing Practices
More informationSulfur Dioxide Use in Wineries
Sulfur Dioxide Use in Wineries Bruce Olson WSDA Pesticide Compliance Specialist Wenatchee, WA Topics Background/History of SO2 Sulfur Dioxide In Wineries Current Regulatory Status SO2 Background 1947 -
More informationTea Impact Report Annual Fair Trade Supply Chain Report. BY: Fair Trade USA, CPG. Published June 2017
Tea Impact Report 2016 Annual Fair Trade Supply Chain Report Published June 2017 BY: Fair Trade USA, CPG 1 Consumer Demand for Sustainable Products is Increasing 89% would like to see more products they
More informationEntry Level Assessment Blueprint Retail Commercial Baking
Entry Level Assessment Blueprint Retail Commercial Baking Test Code: 4010 / Version: 01 Specific Competencies and Skills Tested in this Assessment: Safety and Sanitation Identify causes and prevention
More informationPost Show Report September 22-26, 2016 Hall 6, Bombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai, INDIA
www.foodservice-india.com Post Show Report September 22-26, 2016 Ha 6, Bombay Exhibition Centre, Mumbai, INDIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Genera Information............................................................................................................
More informationRural Grocery Initiative April 2016
North Dakota Rura Grocery Initiative Apri 2016 Introducing the... North Dakota Rura Grocery Initiative Earier this year, 50 participants took part in a meeting that highighted common chaenges that many
More informationFOOD SAFETY REGULATION STREET FOOD VENDORS
FOOD SAFETY REGULATION STREET FOOD VENDORS NASVI Started as a network Started in Patna as a networking organization, now located in Delhi - Gathered information about street vendor organizations, laws,
More informationThresh Effects and Spatial Spillover of Electricity Consumption on Economic Growth
Avaiabe onine at www.ijpe-onine.com Vo. 13, No. 4, Juy 017, pp. 418-46 DOI: 10.3940/ijpe.17.04.p9.41846 Thresh Effects and Spatia Spiover of Eectricy Consumption on Economic Growth Liping Guo a, *, Jie
More informationProblem. Background & Significance 6/29/ _3_88B 1 CHD KNOWLEDGE & RISK FACTORS AMONG FILIPINO-AMERICANS CONNECTED TO PRIMARY CARE SERVICES
CHD KNOWLEDGE & RISK FACTORS AMONG FILIPINO-AMERICANS CONNECTED TO PRIMARY CARE SERVICES Background & Significance Who are the Filipino- Americans? Alona D. Angosta, PhD, APN, FNP, NP-C Assistant Professor
More informationHow to Implement Summer Food Standards of Excellence in Your Community
How to Implement Summer Food Standards of Excellence in Your Community As an anti-hunger advocate, you understand the clear link between the food served at summer food sites and participation rates. Simply
More information2016 STATUS SUMMARY VINEYARDS AND WINERIES OF MINNESOTA
IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE NORTHERN GRAPES PROJECT, AN USDA SPECIALITY CROPS RESEARCH INITIATIVE PROGRAM, NIFA 2016 STATUS SUMMARY VINEYARDS AND WINERIES OF MINNESOTA Brigid Tuck and William Gartner INTRODUCTION
More informationINFECTION PREVENTION IN THE KITCHEN: KEY AREAS OF FOCUS FOR ENSURING FOOD SAFETY IN YOUR FACILITY
INFECTION PREVENTION IN THE KITCHEN: KEY AREAS OF FOCUS FOR ENSURING FOOD SAFETY IN YOUR FACILITY Evelyn Cook OBJECTIVES Identify state and federal regulations requiring food safety oversight. Describe
More informationAnaphylaxis Management Policy
Anaphylaxis Management Policy Background: As of 14 July 2008 the Children s Services and Education Legislation Amendment Act (Anaphylaxis Management) and Ministerial Order 706 requires all schools across
More informationAllergy Awareness and Management Policy
Allergy Awareness and Management Policy Overview This policy is concerned with a whole school approach to the health care management of those members of our school community suffering from specific allergies.
More informationAquarium of the Pacific Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Protocol
Aquarium of the Pacific Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Protocol Purpose Statement: The Aquarium of the Pacific recognizes the increasing prevalence of allergies in children, including many life threatening
More informationPlant root activity is limited to the soil bulbs Does not require technical expertise to. wetted by the water bottle emitter implement
Case Study Bottle Drip Irrigation Case Study Background Data Tool Category: Adaptation on the farm Variety: Robusta Climatic Hazard: Prolonged dry spells and high temperatures Expected Outcome: Improved
More information1) What proportion of the districts has written policies regarding vending or a la carte foods?
Rhode Island School Nutrition Environment Evaluation: Vending and a La Carte Food Policies Rhode Island Department of Education ETR Associates - Education Training Research Executive Summary Since 2001,
More informationWashington Wine Commission: Wine industry grows its research commitment
PROGRESS EDITION MARCH 22, 2016 10:33 PM Washington Wine Commission: Wine industry grows its research commitment HIGHLIGHTS New WSU Wine Science Center a significant step up for industry Development of
More informationM03/330/S(2) ECONOMICS STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2. Wednesday 7 May 2003 (morning) 2 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
c PROGRAMA IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DU DIPLÔME DU BI DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI M03/330/S(2) ECONOMICS STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 2 Wednesday 7 May 2003 (morning) 2 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES! Do not open
More informationSustainable Coffee Challenge FAQ
Sustainable Coffee Challenge FAQ What is the Sustainable Coffee Challenge? The Sustainable Coffee Challenge is a pre-competitive collaboration of partners working across the coffee sector, united in developing
More information110 Review Safety Data Sheets (SDS), explain their requirements in handling hazardous materials, and describe personal protective equipment.
Secondary Task List 100 DEMONSTRATE SAFETY PROCEDURES 101 Wear appropriate apparel in the food preparation area. 102 Demonstrate safe use of cutting tools. 103 Demonstrate procedures for safe lifting and
More informationMelbourne University Sport Anaphylaxis Policy
Melbourne University Sport Anaphylaxis Policy The safety and well-being of children is of prime importance at Melbourne University Sport Programs. All reasonable steps will be taken to ensure the safety
More informationANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT POLICY AND PROCEDURES
ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT POLICY AND PROCEDURES Rationale Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction that is potentially life threatening. The most common allergens in school-aged children
More informationSummary Report Survey on Community Perceptions of Wine Businesses
Summary Report Survey on Community Perceptions of Wine Businesses Updated August 10, 2018 Conducted by Professors David McCuan and Richard Hertz for the Wine Business Institute School of Business and Economics
More informationMcDONALD'S AS A MEMBER OF THE COMMUNITY
McDONALD'S ECONOMIC IMPACT WITH REBUILDING AND REIMAGING ITS RESTAURANTS IN SOUTH LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA A Report to McDonald's Corporation Study conducted by Dennis H. Tootelian, Ph.D. November 2010
More informationNutrition Early Learning and Care Assessment for Quality Improvement
Nutrition Early Learning and Care Assessment for Quality Improvement Copyright in this document is owned by the City of Toronto and, subject to Canadian copyright law, may not be reproduced without the
More informationDevelopment of the firm s international competitiveness
4 Deveopment of the firm s internationa competitiveness Contents 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Anaysis of nationa competitiveness (the Porter diamond) 4.3 Competition anaysis in an industry 4.4 Vaue chain anaysis
More informationTo study status of entrepreneurship development in terms of small tea growers of Assam
To study status of entrepreneurship development in terms of small tea growers of Assam Paramita Medhi Abstract: Purpose This paper attempts to analyze small tea growers current scenario, problems and prospects
More informationJennings Street School
Anaphylaxis Management Policy Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction that is potentially life threatening. The most common allergens in school aged children are peanuts, eggs, tree
More informationFood Allergy Risk Minimisation Policy
Food Allergy Risk Minimisation Policy April 07 Food Allergy Risk Minimisation Policy BACKGROUND Food allergy occurs in around 1 in 20 children. Fortunately, the majority of food allergies are not severe
More informationIs Fair Trade Fair? ARKANSAS C3 TEACHERS HUB. 9-12th Grade Economics Inquiry. Supporting Questions
9-12th Grade Economics Inquiry Is Fair Trade Fair? Public Domain Image Supporting Questions 1. What is fair trade? 2. If fair trade is so unique, what is free trade? 3. What are the costs and benefits
More informationIMPACT OF RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE ON TEA PRODUCTION IN UNDIVIDED SIVASAGAR DISTRICT
International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research (IJASR) ISSN (P): 2250-0057; ISSN (E): 2321-0087 Vol. 8, Issue 1 Feb 2018, 51-56 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. IMPACT OF RAINFALL AND TEMPERATURE ON TEA PRODUCTION
More informationCOMBUSTIBLE DUST AWARENESS
COMBUSTIBLE DUST AWARENESS This easy-to-use Leader s Guide is provided to assist in conducting a successful presentation. Featured are: INTRODUCTION: A brief description of the program and the subject
More informationGuideline to Food Safety Supervisor Requirements
Guideline to Food Safety Supervisor Requirements The Food Safety Supervisor (FSS) Why is a Food Safety Supervisor important? Food laws in NSW require certain food businesses in the hospitality and retail
More informationMacKillop Catholic College Allergy Awareness and Management Policy
MacKillop Catholic College Allergy Awareness and Management Policy Overview This policy is concerned with a whole school approach to the health care management of those members of the school community
More informationFair Trade C E R T I F I E D. Apparel and Home Goods Program. Every Purchase Matters.
Fair Trade C E R T I F I E D Every Purchase Matters. Apparel and Home Goods Program What is Fair Trade? Fair Trade is a global movement made up of a diverse network of producers, companies, shoppers, advocates
More informationCOMPARISON OF EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS OF URBANIZATION IN DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS OF HYDERABAD KARNATAKA REGION A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
I.J.S.N., VOL. 4(2) 2013: 288-293 ISSN 2229 6441 COMPARISON OF EMPLOYMENT PROBLEMS OF URBANIZATION IN DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS OF HYDERABAD KARNATAKA REGION A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY 1 Wali, K.S. & 2 Mujawar,
More informationANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT (June 2017) (ANNUAL)
ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT (June 2017) (ANNUAL) Edithvale Primary School will comply with Ministerial Order 706 and the associated Guidelines. In the event of an anaphylactic reaction, the school s first aid
More informationFood Allergy Community Needs Assessment INDIANAPOLIS, IN
Food Allergy Community Needs Assessment INDIANAPOLIS, IN Conducted by: Food Allergy Research & Education (FARE) Food Allergy Research& Education FARE s mission is to improve the LIFE and HEALTH of all
More informationAnaphylaxis Policy RATIONALE
Anaphylaxis Policy Glowrey Catholic Primary School acknowledges the School s responsibility to develop and maintain an Anaphylaxis Management Policy. in accordance to and complying fully with Ministerial
More informationFront- and Back-of-the-House. Food and Beverage Industry
Front- and Back-of-the-House Food and Beverage Industry Front- and Back-of-the-House Front-of-the-House: area you can see, direct contact with customers, work closely with BOH employees Back-of-the-House:
More informationAPPLICANT GUIDE HOSPITALITY OCCUPATIONS
HOSPITALITY OCCUPATIONS OCCUPATION: Cook (ANZSCO 351411) QUALIFICATION: SIT31116 - Certificate III in Asian Cookery SKILLS ASSESSMENT - Occupational Requirements A person who works in Australia as ANZSCO
More informationA Web Survey Analysis of the Subjective Well-being of Spanish Workers
A Web Survey Analysis of the Subjective Well-being of Spanish Workers Martin Guzi Masaryk University Pablo de Pedraza Universidad de Salamanca APPLIED ECONOMICS MEETING 2014 Frey and Stutzer (2010) state
More informationRevised April Unit/Standard Number. High School Graduation Years 2017, 2018 and 2019
Unit/Standard Number Institutional Food Worker CIP 12.0508 Task Grid Secondary Competency Task List 100 DEMONSTRATE SAFETY PROCEDURES 101 Wear appropriate apparel in the food preparation area. 102 Demonstrate
More informationALLERGY AND ANAPHYLAXIS POLICY
ALLERGY AND ANAPHYLAXIS POLICY PURPOSE The purpose of this Policy is to provide a safe environment for students with allergies and anaphylaxis as far as reasonably practicable. This Policy is focused on
More informationAn Indian Success Story DARJEELING TEA
An Indian Success Story DARJEELING TEA Darjeeling tea goes back to 1835 Statutorily controlled by the Government as part of the Tea industry from 1933 under various enactments culminating in the Tea Act,
More informationAtis (Annona Squamosa) Tea
Vol. 1 January 2012 International Peer Reviewed Journal IAMURE: International Journal of Mathematics, International Engineering Peer Reviewed & Technology Journal Atis (Annona Squamosa) Tea PAULETTE MARCIA
More informationPodcast 4 (of 4) Food Safety Considerations and Food Allergy Management Best Practices for School Food Service
Podcast 4 (of 4) Food Safety Considerations and Food Allergy Management Best Practices for School Food Service Moderator: Jeannie Sneed, Food Safety Specialist USDA Food and Nutrition Service Office of
More informationPadua College Anaphylactic Shock Management Dated: December 2017 Due for Review: December 2018
Padua College Anaphylactic Shock Management Dated: December 2017 Due for Review: December 2018 Source of Obligation Under the Education and Training Reform Act 2006 (Vic) (s 4.3.1 (6)(c)) (the Act), all
More informationDitting USA, Inc. is the distribution center in the United States. We are here to provide personal support with any Ditting grinding needs.
Product Range Company Profie Ditting stands for high quaity, innovative and competitive products within the coffee grinding industry. Since our founding in 1928, we have constanty adapted ourseves to the
More informationFood Allergy. Allergy and Immunology Awareness Program
Food Allergy Allergy and Immunology Awareness Program Food Allergy Allergy and Immunology Awareness Program What is a food allergy? A food allergy is when your body s immune system reacts to a food protein
More informationQ u i c k B r e a d s, C o o k i e s, D o u g h n u t s, a n d P i e s ( 1 1 A )
8 3 3 8 Q u i c k B r e a d s, C o o k i e s, D o u g h n u t s, a n d P i e s ( 1 1 A ) 30S/30E/30M A Baking and Pastry Arts Course 8 3 3 8 : Q u i c k B r e a d s, C o o k i e s, D o u g h n u t s,
More informationImplement Summer Food Standards of Excellence in Your Community
Implement Summer Food Standards of Excellence in Your Community As an anti-hunger advocate, you understand the clear link between the food served at summer food sites and participation rates. Simply put,
More informationDubuque Community Schools District. Peanut/Tree Nut Allergy Protocol
Dubuque Community Schools District Peanut/Tree Nut Allergy Protocol In the Dubuque Community School District (DCSD) we are aware of the tremendous risk children and adults who are allergic to nuts can
More informationAnaphylaxis Policy. Croydon Hills Primary School. Rationale. Implementation. Policy Statement
Anaphylaxis Policy Policy Statement Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction that is potentially life threatening. The most common allergens in school aged children are peanuts, eggs,
More informationEXECUTIVE SUMMARY OVERALL, WE FOUND THAT:
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CRAFT BREWERIES IN LOS ANGELES LA s craft brewing industry generates short-term economic impacts through large capital investments, equipment purchases, and the construction of new
More informationBiocidal Products Regulation
Biocidal Products Regulation Ensure consumer information, adequate regulation of hazardous compounds and emerging risks by applying the precautionary principle within the BPR legal regime Sascha Gabizon,
More informationNarrogin Senior High School ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT PLAN
Narrogin Senior High School ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT PLAN Table of Contents 1. Background 3 2. Purpose 3 3. Individual Anaphylaxis Care Plans 3 4. Communication 3 5. Staff training and emergency response
More informationCulinary Arts Level 1 Prep Cook
Job Ready Assessment Blueprint Culinary Arts Level 1 Prep Cook Test Code: 4436 / Version: 01 Copyright 2017. All Rights Reserved. General Assessment Information Blueprint Contents General Assessment Information
More information2. The proposal has been sent to the Virtual Screening Committee (VSC) for evaluation and will be examined by the Executive Board in September 2008.
WP Board 1052/08 International Coffee Organization Organización Internacional del Café Organização Internacional do Café Organisation Internationale du Café 20 August 2008 English only Projects/Common
More informationAllergy Management Policy
Allergy Management Policy Awareness in the Classrooms All Saints Catholic School 48735 Warren Road Canton, MI 48187 734-459-2490 Information and Guidelines For School and Parents All Saints Catholic School
More informationSPOTLIGHT ON BUFORD WELCOME TO BUFORD, GEORGIA. Contents
WELCOME TO BUFORD, GEORGIA Buford is a sma city of just over 12,000 peope. Residents enjoy the easy-going, sma town fee of Buford whie having easy access to the state s capita of Atanta ess than 50 mies
More informationANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT POLICY
BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction that is potentially life threatening. The most common allergens in school aged children are peanuts, eggs, tree nuts (e.g. cashews),
More informationA Study on Consumer Attitude Towards Café Coffee Day. Gonsalves Samuel and Dias Franklyn. Abstract
Reflections Journal of Management (RJOM) Volume 5, January 2016 Available online at: http://reflections.rustomjee.com/index.php/reflections/issue/view/3/showtoc A Study on Consumer Attitude Towards Café
More informationPartnerships between schools and parents are important in ensuring that certain foods or items are kept away from the student while at school.
Anaphylaxis Policy CONTEXT Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction that is life threatening. The most common allergens for school-aged children are peanuts, eggs, tree nuts (e.g.
More informationCentral Districts Softball Association Food Safety Policy
* Rationale Food-borne illness (or food poisoning) is mainly caused by pathogenic (harmful) bacteria, viruses or chemical toxins in food or water (either naturally occurring or introduced). Some of these
More informationImproved Cookstoves Slide 1
Improved Cookstoves Slide 1 Overview of Cambodian Poverty Incidence [1] Note: The term poverty incidence (also called the poverty headcount ratio) is used in this report to describe the percentage of poor
More informationHaccp Manual For Institutional Food Service. Operations >>>CLICK HERE<<<
Haccp Manual For Institutional Food Service Operations The HACCP has been prepared by the United States Food and Drug into your operations as those actions that you might take to open in the morning Manual
More informationTHE DORCHESTER JOB DESCRIPTION. DEPARTMENT: Event Operations F&B JOB GRADE: Supervisory
THE DORCHESTER JOB DESCRIPTION JOB TITLE: Banqueting Sommelier JOB CODE: DATE: October 2013 DEPARTMENT: Event Operations F&B JOB GRADE: Supervisory REPORTS TO: Event Operations Manager / Director of F&B
More informationAllergy and Anaphylaxis Policy
Statement This policy serves to promote an allergy aware community. At Splash Centre we have recognised the need to adopt a policy on allergies that may be present in the children who attend our centre.
More informationBake Sale / International Food Fair / Festival Policy for Student Activities
Bake Sale / International Food Fair / Festival Policy for Student Activities Reason for Policy: The College is required by MA Sanitation Laws to regulate the service and sale of food on its campus, to
More informationKOLBÄCK ROTARY CLUB. 1. Construct and install the water refilling station at the rotary centre using raw water from the city water district.
KOLBÄCK ROTARY CLUB Project Eurotary87 Community water refilling station. Water refilling stations can help address water contamination and the many diseases which result from this in the less privileged
More informationAllergy/Anaphylaxis Standard Operating Procedure (S.O.P.) Universal Food Precautions
Allergy/Anaphylaxis Standard Operating Procedure (S.O.P.) Universal Food Precautions INTRODUCTION Food allergies are a growing food safety and public health concern that affect an estimated 4% 6% of children
More informationFood Management Food Allergy Policy Guidance
` Opaa! Food Management Food Allergy Policy Guidance A special report to Opaa! s Partners regarding our policy for dealing with Special Dietary Needs and Food Allergies It is the opinion of allergy medical
More informationRequirements for Farmer s Markets. Environmental Public Health Program Carol Brittain April 5, 2017
Requirements for Farmer s Markets Environmental Public Health Program Carol Brittain April 5, 2017 Today s Topics Who needs a permit? What are the site requirements? What are the market manager s responsibilities?
More informationStarbucks BRAZIL. Presentation Outline
Starbucks BRAZIL Prepared by: Aminata Ouattara Daniele Albagli Melissa Butz Matvey Kostromichev Presentation Outline Introduction Mission & Objectives PESTEL Analysis PORTER Analysis SWOT Analysis Capabilities
More informationBroadmeadows Valley Primary School ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT POLICY
Broadmeadows Valley Primary School ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT POLICY RATIONALE: Anaphylaxis is a severe, rapidly progressive allergic reaction, that is potentially life threatening. The most common allergens
More informationFood Safety at Temporary Events
Food Safety at Temporary Events Food safety is the most important aspect at any food service business. Temporary events are special situations and require their own rules, licenses, and guidelines to follow.
More informationPOLICY: ANAPHYLAXIS MANAGEMENT
1. STATEMENT OF BELIEF: Drouin Secondary College believes that the safety and wellbeing of children who are at risk of anaphylaxis is a whole-of-community responsibility. We are committed to: providing,
More informationFrom Selling to Supporting-Leveraging Mobile Services in the Field of Food Retailing
From Selling to Supporting-Leveraging Mobile Services in the Field of Food Retailing Sudha.K.M 1, G.Raghunath 2 1 Assistant Professor, Sri Krishna Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India
More informationContinuous Cooking and Starchless Depositing
Confectionery Continuous Cooking and Starchess Depositing Baker Perkins continuous cooking and starchess depositing technoogies bring exceptiona eves of reiabiity, efficiency and ow production costs to
More informationEnjoyment with a good conscience
Enjoyment with a good conscience We guarantee that our organic products meet the highest quality and FAIRTRADE standards and at the same time provide pure palatable Indulgence. www.lemberona.at Lemberona
More informationFARM LEVEL EXPERIENCED CONSTRAINTS IN GRAPE FARMING ABSTRACT
FARM LEVEL EXPERIENCED CONSTRAINTS IN GRAPE FARMING Jebapreetha D 1 and Esakkimuthu M 2 * 1 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University 2 Kerala Agricultural University (Received on Date: 8 th August 2017 Date
More information