2008 PLANT DISEASE CLINICS ANNUAL SUMMARY

Transcription

1 008 PLANT DISEASE CLINICS ANNUAL SUMMARY Extension Plant Pathology maintains two plant disease clinics as educational resources for county extension agricultural faculty to use to aid their clients in diagnosing and correcting disease-related plant problems. The Athens Plant Disease Clinic (Room 05, Miller Plant Sciences Bldg, Athens, GA 060) which includes the Homeowner IPM plant disease clinic is operated by Holly Thornton. The Following plant disease samples are processed in Athens: commercial fruit, ornamentals, and turf; Christmas trees and forestry; all homeowner samples; legume forages and small grains; urban ornamental landscapes, and mushrooms and wood rots. As most are aware, there is a $0 processing fee for all physical homeowner samples submitted to the diagnostic clinic in Athens. In Tifton, the diagnostician of the Plant Disease Clinic is Jason Brock. It is located in Room 6, Horticulture Building of the main Tifton Campus, 60 Research Way, Tifton, GA 79. Diagnoses of and control recommendations for commercial samples of field crops, grain forages, pecans and vegetables are handled at this location. Diagnoses and educational recommendations are returned to the county faculty. The clinics maintain a computerized database of samples and their diagnoses through the DDDI system, as well as a reference library for use by extension agents, specialists, researchers and students. Monthly homeowner reports are also available via our departmental clinic homepage. ( CLINIC SUMMARIES: 008 PLANT SAMPLE SUBMISSION CROP COMMERCIAL SAMPLES HOMEOWNER IPM SAMPLES TOTAL FIELD CROPS VEGETABLES FRUITS & NUTS HERBACEOUS ORNAMENTALS WOODY ORNAMENTALS TREES TURF 675 MISCELLANEOUS 7 5 TOTAL

2 FIELD CROP DISEASES TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 7 {C= 7; 0} HOST DISEASE/DISORDER CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Alfalfa Rust Uromyces striatus Corn 8 Northern Corn Leaf Blight Southern Corn Leaf Blight Northern Corn Leaf Rust Southern Corn Rust Common Rust Stalk Rot Nematode Injury Environmental Chemical Injury Exserohilum turcicum Helminthosporium maydis Puccinia polysora Puccinia sorghi Erwinia sp. Probable Drought/Scald 0 6 Cotton 9 Chemical Injury Alternaria sp. Cercospora sp. Stemphylium sp. Possible 8 5 Fescue, Tall Bipolaris sp. Hay Bipolaris sp. Oat Loose Smut Virus Ustilago avenae Barley yellow dwarf

3 Peanut 56 Seedling Disease Seedling Disease Collar/Pod Rot Virus Aerial Blight Limb rot White Mold False White Mold Early Funky Leaf Scorch Crown Rot Pod Rot Cylindrocladium Black Rot Insufficient Sample Slime Mold Chemical Burn Lasiodiplodia sp. Diplodia sp. Tomato spotted wilt Sclerotium rolfsii Phanerochaete sp. Cercospora arachidicola Leptosphaerulina crassiasca Aspergillus sp. Cylindrocladium crotalariae Cercospora sp. Aspergillus niger Rhizoctonia solani Possible 8 8 Rye Epicoccum sp. Alternaria sp. Colletotrichum sp. Sorghum 6 Nematode Damage TDTD Helminthosporium sp. Curvularia sp. Possible Tobacco 7 Black Shank Race Black Shank Target Spot White Mold Brown Spot Collar Rot Blue Mold Environmental Environmental Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotinanae Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotinanae Rhizoctonia solani Sclerotium rolfsii Alternaria sp. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Peronospora tabacina Rhizoctonia solani Lightning

4 Wheat 6 Virus Powdery mildew Rust Loose Smut Leaf Rust Take-all Saprophyte Organisms TDTD Environmental/Nutritional/Cultural following Agdia virus screen Possible virus Soil-borne wheat mosaic Erysiphe sp. Puccinia sp. Ustilago tritici Puccinia recondita Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici Stagonospora sp. Xanthomonas sp. Drechslera sp

5 FRUITS & NUTS TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 05 {C= 65; H= 0} HOST DISORDER/DISEASE CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Apple Bot Canker Dieback White Rot Rot-Bot or White Botryosphaeria sp. Possibly Botryosphaeria sp Fusicoccum sp. Fungal-Possible Blackberry 7 6 Leaf and Cane Rust Orange Felt Virus Nematode-Root Knot Cultural Orange Cane Blotch Anthracnose Cane Blight-Possible LSREP Possible Spray Injury Kuehneola sp. Tobacco ringspot Meloidogyne sp. Fusicoccum sp. Elsinoe sp.

6 Blueberry 09 Powdery Mildew Funky Virus-Possible Blight Dieback Canker Fruit Spot -Possible Scorch-Bacterial Nematode Damage Rust -Possible Virus TDTD Environmental Site Problem Possible Chemical Injury Possible Fertilizer Burn Nutritional Issues -Secondary Red ringspot Cylindrocladium sp., & Fusicoccum sp. & Botryosphaeria sp. &/or Botryosphaeria sp. Exobasidium sp.?ring Botrytis sp. Phomopsis sp. Cercospora sp. Fusarium sp. Botryosphaeria sp. Cold/Frost Damage/Drought Cherry Environmental Cold injury Citrus Fig Cultural Stresses Grapefruit Melanose-Possible

7 Grape, Wine Lemon 6 Melanose-Possible Muscadine 9 Scorch Cane and Bitter Rot Dead Arm Unable to Determine Phomopsis sp.-possible Melanconium sp. Peach Bacterial Spot Gummosis Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni Pecan 7 Anthracnose Water Split Chemical Injury-Probable Lichen Plant ID Associated w/limbs Glomerella cingulata Resurrection Fern Penicillium sp.or Aspergillus sp. Plum Dieback Scorch Black Knot Botryosphaeria sp.-possible Dibotryon morbosum Pomegranate Raspberry

8 Strawberry 9 Root & Crown Rot Leaf Blotch White Mold Leather Rot Angular Environmental Nutritional Issues Insect Damage Spray Injury & Phomopsis sp. Sclerotium rolfsii Cold damage Herbicide/other

9 HERBACEOUS ORNAMENTALS TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 0 { 0; 8} HOST DISORDER/DISEASE CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Amaryllis Argyranthemum Aspidistra Red Blotch Stagnospora sp. Cercospora chrysanthemi Fusarium sp.-possibly Banana Plant Begonia & & Canna Cabbage, Orn. Cactus Cereus,Nightblooming Root & Stem Rot White Mold Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Chrysanthemum Root & Crown Rot Bacterial Soft Rot Fusarium sp. Erwinia sp. Clematis Fungal

10 Cleome White Mold Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Coleus Powdery Mildew Web & Aerial Blight Oidium sp. Daylily Daylily Leaf Streak Auerobasidium microstictum Possibly Fungal/Viral Daisy, Gerbera Powdery Mildew Bloom Blight Botrytis sp./sclerotinia sp. Dianthus Crown Rot Black Complex Fusarium sp. Thielaviopsis sp. Alternaria sp., & Dracena Immature, Fungal Spot Echinacea Stem Rot Botrytis sp. & Alternaria solani Oedema Eranthemum Eupatorium Fern Fig Leaf Fig Anthracnose

11 Fuchsia Geranium 5 Bacterial Blight Black Leg & Xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii Hollyhock Anthracnose Rust Colletotrichum malvarum Puccinia malvacearum Hosta 9 Leaf Blight Virus Alternaria sp. Cercospora sp. Hosta virus X 6 Impatiens Indigofera Iris Southern Blight Slime Mold Soft Rot, Bacterial Secondary Anthracnose Sclerotium rolfsii Heterosporium iridis & Erwinia sp. Colletotrichum sp. Ivy Anthracnose Cultural Issues Colletotrichum sp. Bacterial Over Watering Kalanchoe Powdery Mildew Leucanthemum

12 Liriope Root & Crown Rot Miscanthus Mondo Grass Anthracnose Crown Rot Colletotrichum sp. Oxalis Rust Puccinia sorghi Orchid Virus Virus Wood Rotting Fungi Cymbidium mosaic Tomato spotted wilt Pachysandra 6 Roots Blight Coenocytic hyphae Volutella sp. Pansy 8 Penstemon Peony Black Environmental/Nutritional Stress & & Petunia Phlox Black Thielaviopsis sp.

13 Plumbago Poinsettia Rudbeckia Scabiosa Snapdragon Succulent Thrift Crown Rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Rust Puccinia antirrhini TDTD Verbena Black Crown Rot Thielaviopsis basicola Veronica Crown Rot Downy Mildew Peronospora grisea Vinca 5 White Mold Stem, Petiole,Leaf Blight Aerial Blight Nematode Damage Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Possible Violet, African Cultural Issues Virus Cold Water INSV-Possible

14 Water Lily

15 TREES TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 8 { 7; 0} HOST DISEASE/DISORDER CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Aralia Banana Buckeye Catalpa Anthracnose Possible LSREP Physiological Scorch -Fungal Likely Cedar, Red Needle Blight Cercosporidium sp. Cedar/Juniper Pestalotia sp. or Seiridium sp. Cephalotaxus Chamaecypris Cherry Shot Hole LSREP Most likely environ. stress Conifer

16 Crabapple Rust Gymnosporangium sp. Crepe Myrtle Cryptomeria Sooty Mold Lichens Cupressus Cypress Cypress, Arizona Unable to Diagnose Needle Blight Cercosporidium sp. Cypress, Leyland 8 0 Needle Blight Tip Dieback Canker Insect Infestation LSREP Tip Blight Cercosporidium sp. Pestalotia sp. Seiridium sp. Scale, Mites Pestalotia sp. Cultural Sphaeropsis sp. Dogwood 5 Foliage Diagnosis Herbicide Damage Leaf Scorch Botrytis sp. Macrophoma sp. Possible Elliotia &

17 Elm Stem Canker Secondary Bot Canker Powdery Mildew Fusarium sp. Fusicoccum sp. Gingko Hickory Loquat Stress-Likely Cultural +/or Environmental Wood Rot Monochaetia sp. Magnolia 5 Canker Sooty Mold LSREP TDTD Fungal Artillery Fungus Phomopsis sp. Resubmit?Environmental Issues Sphaerobolus sp. Possibly a Fungal 5 Maple 6 /Burn Secondary Organism -Insect Damage Canker Anthracnose LSREP Herbicide Damage Mushroom Phyllosticta sp. Pestalotia sp. Tree Cricket Damage Fusicoccum sp. Possible Cultural Possible Old Wounds Polypore 6 Michelia Myrtle

18 Oak 8 Powdery Mildew Rust Root & Butt Rot Oak Leaf Blister Algal Canker Insect Damage Phyllactinia sp. Cronartium quercuum f.sp.fusiforme Ganoderma sp. Taphrina deformans Cephaleuros virescens Hypoxylon sp. Palm 5 Bud Rot Crown & Bud Rot False Smut Fusarium sp. Drechslera sp. Pestalotiopsis sp. Graphiola sp. Pear Secondary Organism Fire Blight Spray Injury Entomosporium sp. Phoma sp. Erwinia amylovora Possible-Herbicide Photinia Chemical Injury Possible Pine LSREP Slime Mold Fungal Heart Rot Annosum sp. Site Issue Plum Poplar Redbud

19 Spruce Thuja LSREP Environmental - Drought 7 Compound Stresses Old Wound Sooty Mold Cultural/Environmental Phyllosticta sp. Weigela Willow LSREP Compound Stresses Possibly-Fungal Cultural +/or Environmental Yew Insufficient Sample Zelkova

20 TURF TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 675 { ; } HOST DISEASE/DISORDER CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Bentgrass 0 Anthracnose Nematode Damage Cultural Issues Sulfide Accumulation Undetermined Algae Yellow Spot Cianobacteria Rust Colletotrichum sp. Suspect/Send for Analysis Thatch, Water, Environmental Possibly Basidiomycete Bermuda 8 Take-all Large Patch Slime Mold Fairy Ring ETRI Cultural Issues Insect Damage TDTD Resubmit Possible GGG Anthracnose Dollar Spot Spring Dead Spot Leaf Smut Stress Organisms Suspect Nematode Damage Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Physarum sp. or Other Clamp Fungi Thatch, Compacted Soils, Drought Possible Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Sclerotinia sp. Colletotrichum sp. Possibly-Ophiosphaerella sp. Ophiosphaerella sp. Helminthosporium sp./bipolaris sp. Drechslera sp

21 Carpet grass Insufficient Sample Centipede 6 57 Take-all Large Patch Fairy Ring ETRI Cultural Issues Cultural Issues Insect Damage TDTD Insufficient Sample Stress Organisms/Pathogens Stress-Environmental Clamp Fungi Nematodes Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Possible GGG Thatch, Compacted Soils Nutritional Curvularia sp. Polypore Chinch Bugs Cynodon Take-all Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Curvularia sp. Fescue Brown Patch Rust Cultural Issues Rust Rust Rust Compaction, Too wet/dry, Thatch Fusarium sp. Colletotrichum sp. Puccinia sp. Puccinia coronata 7 5

22 Grass 5 5 Take-all Slime Mold ETRI TDTD Cultural Issues Mushroom Conk Disease Possible Stress Organisms Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Papsalum,Seashore 9 Take-all Cultural/Environmental/Site Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Helminthosporium sp. Curvularia sp. Ryegrass LSREP Environmental-Cold Damage St. Augustine 76 9 Take-all Smut Fairy Ring Large Patch ETRI Slime Mold Insect Damage Cultural Issues Stress Organisms Nematode-Suspect Insufficient Sample ETRI Mycelium Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Ustilago sp. Clamp Fungi Possibly GGG Curvularia sp. Chinch Bugs Dry, Wet, Compacted Soils, Thatch, Mowing Practices Sod ETRI Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis

23 Turf 7 Take-all Nematode-Suspect Algae Inconclusive Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Helminthosporium sp. Bipolaris sp. 5 Turfgrass 9 Take-all Large Patch Cultural Issues Insect Damage Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Curvularia sp. Too Wet, Dry, Thatch Scale Insects 5 Take-all Nematodes-Suspect Cultural Issues Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Colletotrichum sp. Curvularia sp. Bipolaris sp. Zoysia 65 Take-all Large Patch Dollar Spot Fairy Ring Rust ETRI Cultural Issues Insufficient Sample LSREP Possible Disease Gaeumannomyces graminis-graminis Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Possibly Thatch, compacted soils, wet/dry, mowing heights Environmental-Drought Curvularia sp. Multiple cultural issues 5 7 6

24 VEGETABLES TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 56 { 96; 60} HOST DISEASE/DISORDER CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Bean, Snap 9 5 Stem Virus Crown Rot Black Colletotrichum sp. Pseudomonas sp. Bean common mosaic Soil line pathogen likely Thielaviopsis sp. 5 Bok Choy Erwinia sp. Broccoli 6 Black Rot-Probable Cercospora sp. Xanthomonas sp. Xanthomonas sp. Cabbage Black Rot Downy Mildew Possible Burn LSREP-Environmental Xanthomonas Xanthomonas sp. Pseudomonas sp. Cold Damage 0 5 Cabbage, Napa Xanthomonas sp. Cantaloupe Powdery Mildew Burn Pseudomonas sp. Phytophthora capsici Chemical or Environmental 6 Carrot Fusarium sp.

25 Collard 9 Downy Mildew Black Rot Xanthomonas sp. Xanthomonas sp. Cucumber 0 Anthracnose Downy Mildew Gummy Stem Blight Viruses Bacterial-Possible Cercospora sp. 5 Eggplant 9 Environmental Phomopsis sp. Xanthomonas sp. Sun scald Greens, Turnip Greens, Mixed 5 Multiple Bacteria White Spot Burn or Possibly Cercospora TDTD Xanthomonas sp. Pseudomonas sp., Others Pseudocercosporela sp.or Cercospora sp. Pseudocercosporella capsellae Cercospora sp. Lettuce Okra Nematode Damage - RK Warty Pod Meloidogyne sp. Nutritional/Physiological Onion 6 Multiple Bacteria Physical/Bacterial Parsley LSREP-Environmental Cold Damage

26 Pepper 8 6 Bacterial Spot-(Possible) Powdery Mildew Blossom End Rot Virus Herbicide Damage-Possible -Possible Xanthomonas sp. Tomato spotted wilt Fusarium sp. Xanthomonas sp. Fungal () 8 Potato, Sweet Nematode Damage-Possible Potato, White Erwinia sp. Pumpkin Downy Mildew Rot Virus Fusarium sp. Poty Radish Cercospora sp. Squash 9 5 Nematode Damage - RK Physiological/Nutritional Cultural Fruit Rot Meloidogyne sp. Phytophthora capsici Possible Bact Wilt or Vine borer Cladosporium sp. Choanephora sp. 5 Turnip

27 Tomato 7 Virus (Possible) Southern Stem Blight Early Blight Nematode Damage - RK Bacterial Spot Virus - Possible Bacterial Wilt Late Blight TDTD Herbicide Damage Fusarium Wilt LSREP-Environmental Virus or Herbicide Blossom End Rot Blotchy Ripening Tomato spotted wilt Sclerotium rolfsii Alternaria sp. Meloidogyne sp. Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Tomato yellow leaf curl Pseudomonas solanacearum Phytophthora infestans Fusarium sp. Cold Damage Environmental/Nutritional 7() 5 TDTD Watermelon 0 Gummy Stem Blight Gummy Stem Blight Gummy Stem Blight Fruit Blotch Fusarium Wilt Crown Decline Cottony Leak Downy Mildew-Questionable Virus Viruses Spray Damage Physiological Physiological Multiple Bacteria Isolated LSREP-Environmental Phoma sp. Insensitive Sensitive Fusarium sp. Possible Poty Fusarium sp. Alternaria sp. Phytophthora capsici Cross-stitch Rind necrosis Drought Cercospora sp

28 Zucchini Nematode Damage - RK Meloidogyne sp.

29 WOODY ORNAMENTALS TOTAL DIAGNOSES: 5 { 8; 07} HOST DISEASE/DISORDER CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED Abelia Botrytis Blight Questionable Botryotinia fuckeliana Sclerotinia sp. Althea Arborvitae 6 7 Anthracnose Coenocytic Hyphae Bot Canker LSREP Secondary Colletotrichum sp. & Fusicoccum sp. Drought/Root Stress Sphaeropsis sp. & Pestalotia sp. 5 Aster Aerial Blight Aucuba Powdery Mildew Azalea 0 Stem Rot Root & Stem Rot /Nutritional Cultural Issues Cultural Issues LSREP Cercospora sp. Botryosphaeria sp. Phomopsis sp. Armillaria sp. Oedema Lichen 0 Barberry Anthracnose

30 Boxwood 6 0 Root & Crown Rot Blight Dieback Powdery mildew Cultural Issues Various Disease Possibilities Volutella sp. Phomopsis sp. Macrophoma sp. Oedema Brugmansia Cultural Issues Oedema Camellia 0 9 Virus Petal Blight LSREP Viral Symptoms Camellia ringspot Ciborinia camelliae Basidiomycete Algal Fungal 6 Chamaecypris Bot Canker Sphaeropsis sp. Cleyera Macrophoma sp. Daphne Black Thielaviopsis sp. Elaeagnus Bot Canker Botryosphaeria sp. Euonymus

31 Farfugium Fig, Creeping Forsythia Powdery Mildew Gardenia 6 Root & Crown Rot Cultural Issues & Elsinoe sp. Gogi Berry Anthracnose Colletotrichum sp. Hibiscus Rust LSREP-Environmental Bacterial-Possible Kuehneola malvicola Cold Damage Holly 5 0 Bot Canker-Secondary LSREP TDTD Thielaviopsis sp. & Fungal Hydrangea 6 Coenocytic Hyphae Cercospora sp. Possible Pyt.sp. or Phyt. sp. Illicium Basidiomycete Fungi /Oedema Possible Armillaria/Clitocybe

32 Itea Anthracnose Gloeosporium sp. Cercospora sp. Jasmine 5 Stem Canker Canker Guignardia sp. Phomopsis sp. Armillaria sp. Juniper 6 Root & Crown Rot LSREP 6 Lantana Foliar Nematode Nematode-RK Aphelenchoides sp. Meloidogyne sp. Laurel Laurel,Mtn. Basidiomycete hyphae Cercospora sp. Lavandula Ligustrum LSREP Cercospora sp.,, & Fusarium sp. Loropetalum Mahonia Cercospora sp. Alternaria sp.

33 Nandina Anthracnose Oleander Olive, Dwarf LSREP Crown Rot Osmanthus Tip Burn Anthracnose Alternaria sp. & Phyllosticta sp. Colletotrichum sp. Fungal Pampas Grass Pieris Platycodon Podocarpus Possibly Fungal Rhaphiolepsis Cercospora sp. Possibly Cultural Rhododendron 5 Powdery Mildew Pestalotia sp. Fungal

34 Rose 0 Downy Mildew Blight Stem Canker Canker Black Spot Dieback/ LSREP Virus/Herbicide Damage Unable To Diagnose Botrytis sp. Phomopsis sp. & Cercospora sp. Coniothyrium sp. Diplocarpon rosae Fungal Cold Damage Possible Insufficient Sample/Root Dead 6 Sasanqua Sidalcea Silena Canker Leaf Rust Uromyces sp. Spirea Ternstroemia Cercospora sp. Canker Possibly Fungal Viburnum

35 MISCELLANEOUS TOTAL DIAGNOSES/ID {7; 5} HOST(S) DISEASE CAUSAL ORGANISM # SAMPLES AFFECTED 5 Black Thielaviopsis basicola LSREP Cultural Fungi ID 9 Stinkhorn Fungus Clathrus sp. Slime Algae Slime Mold Fuligo septica Slime Mold Diachera leucopodia Mushroom Suillus decipiens Gilled Mushroom Wood Rotter Aphyllophorales sp.? In Corn Leucocoprinus sp. Misc. Wood Kudzu

36 Do Not ID Plants No Host