Herbicide tolerant crops in control of parasitic weeds, with special emphasis on Orobanche cumana and Cuscuta campestris

Transcription

1 Herbicide tolerant crops in control of parasitic weeds, with special emphasis on Orobanche cumana and Cuscuta campestris in herbicidetolerant sunflower and sugar beet Malidža G., Jocić, S., Rajković, M., Cvejić, S., Ćurčić, Ž. Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

2 Control of broomrape (O. cumana) in sunflower Chemical control Resistant genotypes Race specific EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

3 Imazamox 48 g/ha Untreated check Untreated check Imazamox 48 g/ha

4 Efficacy of imidazolinone herbicides on O. cumana infestation in 2001 Bifenox + clethodim ( g/ha, T2) Imazamox + pendimethalin ( g/ha, T2) Imazamox + imazapyr ( g/ha, T2) Imazamox (48 g/ha, T2) Bifenox + clethodim ( g/ha, T1) Imazamox + pendimethalin ( g/ha, T1) Imazamox + imazapyr ( g/ha, T1) Imazamox (48 g/ha, T1) 120 DAS 73 DAS* Location S. Miletić, DAS days after sowing, T1:BBCH 12-14; T2: BBCH Number of O. cumana plants/12.6 m 2

5 Efficacy of herbicides on O. cumana infestation in 2002 Imazamox + imazapyr ( g/ha, T2) Imazamox + pendimeth ( g/ha, T2) Imazamox + pendimeth ( g/ha, T2) 124 DAS 88 DAS 64 DAS Imazamox (48 g/ha, T2) Imazamox + imazapyr ( g/ha, T1) Imazamox + pendimeth ( g/ha, T1) Imazamox + pendimeth ( g/ha, T1) Imazamox (48 g/ha, T1) Untreated control Location S.Miletić, DAS days after sowing, T1:BBCH 12-14; T2: BBCH Number of O. cumana plants per 10 m 2

6 O. cumana control with imazamox + imazapyr in 2002

7 Efficacy of herbicides on O. cumana infestation in 2003

8 Efficacy of herbicides on O. cumana infestation in 2004

9 Imazamox g ha -1 T1+T2 Untreated check Imazamox 40 g ha -1 T1 Imazamox 48 g ha -1 T1 Untreated check

10 Effect of post-emergence applied imazamox and tribenuron-methyl on broomrape plants number per sunflower plant and seed yield of sunflower in 2006 and 2007 Broomrape plants per sunflower plant Broomrape plants per sunflower plant Sunflower seed yield (kg/ha) Sunflower seed yield (kg/ha) Treatment Rate g a.i./ha 57 DAT 85 DAT 33 DAT 75 DAT Untreated check 8.6 a* 9.7 a b 6.8 a 11.8 a b Imazamox b 0.8 b a 0.0 b 0.1 b a Imazamox b 0.7 b a 0.1 b 0.0 b a Imazamox b 0.6 b a 0.0 b 0.0 b a Rate Broomrape plants per sunflower plant Sunflower seed yield Broomrape plants per sunflower plant Sunflower seed yield Treatment g a.i./ha 57 DAT 85 DAT (kg/ha) 33 DAT 75 DAT (kg/ha) Untreated check 5.7 a 6.6 a a 4.8 a 9.8 a b Tribenuron-methyl b 2.2 b a 0.0 b 0.9 b a Tribenuron-methyl b 2.1 b a 0.0 b 0.5 b a Tribenuron-methyl b 1.2 b a 0.0 b 0.3 b a *Location Pačir, growth stage of sunflower at time of herbicide application: BBCH 18-19, DAT days after treatment Means followed by the same letter in each column are not significantly different (LSD, P < 0.05)

11 Effect of post-emergence applied tribenuron-methyl on average number and dry weight of broomrape plants per sunflower plant and seed yield of sunflower in 2011 Rate Broomrapes per sun. plant Broomrape dry mass per plant (g) Seed Treatment g a.i./ha 12/07 27/07 5/09 12/07 27/07 5/09 yield (kg/ha) Untreated 8.5 a 19.5 a 11.7 a 16.0 a 19.0 a 13.0 a b Imazamox b 6.0 b 10.0 a 0.2 b 4.2 b 3.6 b a Imazamox b 2.2 b 4.6 ab 0.0 b 1.1 b 0.9 c ab Imazamox b 0.2 b 2.0 b 0.0 b 0.1 b 1.5 bc a Imazamox b 0.0 b 0.6 b 0.0 b 0.0 b 0.2 c a Imazamox b 0.0 b 0.3 b 0.0 b 0.0 b 0.5 c a Imazamox b 0.0 b 0.1 b 0.0 b 0.2 b 0.1 c a Broomrapes per sun. plant Broomrape dry mass per plant (g) Seed Rate yield 12/07 27/07 5/09 12/07 27/07 5/09 Treatment g a.i./ha (kg/ha) Untreated 14.5 a 22.4 a 13.8 a 27.3 a 26.1 a 17.9 a d Tribenuron b 18.8 ab 11.0 ab 11.3 b 18.1 b 10.4 b bc Tribenuron c 13.3 bc 8.3 bc 5.5 bc 14.1 bc 6.5 bc c Tribenuron c 8.8 cd 6.3 bcd 5.6 bc 6.4 d 3.2 cd bc Tribenuron c 4.3 de 3.3 cd 0.1 c 8.2 cd 1.7 cd b Tribenuron c 1.8 e 1.8 d 0.4 c 2.0 d 0.8 d a Tribenuron +imazamox c 1.5 e 2.6 d 1.0 c 4.1 d 2.5 cd a *Location Vrbas, growth stage of sunflower at time of herbicide application: BBCH 18-20,DAT days after treatment Means followed by the same letter in each column are not significantly different (LSD, P < 0.05)

12 Possibilities of field dodder control (C. campestris) in sugar beet tolerant to ALS inhibitors

13 Effect of Conviso One ( L/ha) on field dodder control in Conviso Smart sugar beet (Novi Sad, 2013) EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

14 Effect of Conviso One (1 L/ha) on field dodder control in Conviso Smart sugar beet (Novi Sad, 2013) EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

15 Effect of Conviso One (1 L/ha) on field dodder and other weeds in Conviso Smart sugar beet (Novi Sad, 2014) EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

16 Control of C. campestris in sugar beet tolerant to ALS inhibitors (CONVISO SMART) with foramsulfuon + thiencarbazone in pot experiments BBCH EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

17 Control of C. campestris in sugar beet tolerant to ALS inhibitors (CONVISO SMART) with foramsulfuon + thiencarbazone in pot experiments 21 DAT Untreated check Conviso One 0,5 L ha -1 Conviso One Conviso One Conviso One 1 L ha -1 1,5 L ha -1 2 L ha -1 EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

18 Control of C. campestris in sugar beet tolerant to ALS inhibitors (CONVISO SMART) with foramsulfuon + thiencarbazone in pot experiments 21 DAT Untreated check Dodder-free check Conviso One Conviso One Conviso One 0.5 L ha -1 1 L ha L ha -1 EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

19 Fresh weight (g) C. campestris Sugar beet leaves Sugar beet root EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017

20 CONCLUSION Introduction of imidazolinone-tolerant sunflower hybrids and ALS tolerant sugar beet varieties are the revolutionary advancement in production of these crops and control of parasitic weeds broomrape (O. cumana) and field dodder (C. campestris). More than a decade on millions of hectares, Clearfield production system for sunflower have made a significant contribution in reducing the damages caused by broomrape and buying time for breeders in the race to develop hybrids resistant to new races of this wicked parasite. Among other things, sugar beet tolerant to ALS inhibitors (Conviso Smart) will be rapidly adopted by growers, because of the possibility of efficient field dodder control. EWRS Working Group Herbicide Tolerant Varieties, Workshop Novi Sad, Serbia - May 29-31, 2017