Charlottesville s Tree Packet

Transcription

1 Charlottesville s Tree Packet Included Items: I. General Tree Planting Tips II. Master Tree List Large Deciduous Trees (60-80 ) Medium Deciduous Trees (40-60 ) Small Deciduous Trees (20-40 ) Ornamental Trees (20-40 ) Small Ornamental Trees ( ) Broadleaved Evergreens and Ornamental Conifers (20-70 ) Broadleaved Evergreen/Semi-Evergreen Shrubs (3-15 ) Deciduous Shrubs (3-30 ) Trees recommended for use under utility lines Trees not recommended for planting Prepared: January 18th, 2007 The best friend on earth of man is the tree. When we use the tree respectfully and economically, we have one of the greatest resources of the earth. Frank Lloyd Wright **Disclaimer** The following list is not to be considered as comprehensive. The trees listed are merely suggestions to the types and species of trees that the City of Charlottesville would endorse. Due to the constant evolution of the industry, new species and varietals may be introduced to the recommended list while others are removed. Nature is not static; therefore neither is this list, changes will have to be made continually to reflect this evolving aspect. This packet is to serve as a guide, nothing more, and nothing less. * This document can be found at in the Neighborhood Development Services Department under other Permits and Forms titled Master Tree List

2 Tree Planting Tips Trees in urban settings such as Charlottesville can survive, if provided an adequate environment. One of the ways in which, we can keep our trees healthy and alive is to provide them enough soil and room to grow. Often times in dense cities, trees are not provided sufficient space to spread their roots, ultimately leading to the death of the tree. In an effort to minimize these common pitfalls, we have provided some simple tips below. Optimal Planting Time The ideal time to plant trees and shrubs is during the dormant season in the fall after leaf drop or early spring before budbreak. Right Tree, Right Place Planting tall-growing trees under and near power lines eventually requires pruning maintenance for safe clearance from wires. Pruning may result in the tree having an unnatural appearance. Periodic pruning can also lead to a shortened life span for the tree. Trees that must be pruned away from power lines are under greater stress and are more susceptible to insects and disease. Small, immature trees planted today can become problem trees in the future Soil Volume: Room to Grow It is recommended that you follow the chart to the right for soil volume calculations. First, know the type of soil that you are dealing with. Soil samples are needed, which can be administered locally, or through private entities. Using less soil than recommended prevents the tree from reaching its full height and would result in the decline of the tree s health. Also, leaving enough room for the crown spread by following the soil volume chart ensures that the tree will have enough room to grow without disturbing a nearby sidewalk, street, or structure. A tree s health is directly contingent upon the amount of soil it is provided and the amount of room that is given to grow. (James Urban; Bringing Order to the Technical Dysfunction Within the Urban Forest. Reprinted from the Journal of Arboriculture 18 (2): March 1992)

3 Additional Suggestions Planting evergreen trees on the west or north side of the house, approximately 50 feet (15 meters) or more from the house can serve as windbreaks. Planting deciduous trees (those that drop their leaves in the fall) on the south and/or west side of the house act as a cooling feature in the summer It is recommended that one buy from a nursery that is a certified supplier. Preferably from the Virginia association of Nurseries or VNLA ( and ANLA (American Nursery and Landscape Association; For a tutorial on how to buy high quality trees visit Know your Soils! References: Hardiness Zone for Charlottesville (7) * Dicke, Stephen G. Preserving Trees in Construction Sites. Mississippi State University Extension Service * Dirr, Michael. Manuel of Woody Landscape Plants (Third Edition) * National Arbor Day Foundation * Nelson, Brent. County of Albemarle s Tree List. * Tim Hughes, City of Charlottesville Arborist. * Urban, James. Growing the Urban Forest. City of Toronto, Tree Symposium: Healthy Trees for a Beautiful City. * [american Nursery and Landscape as soc.] * [Va. Co-op extension; Va. Tech] * * [Va. nursery and lanscape assoc.]

4 Where to plant Tall Trees (Tall Zone) Trees that grow as tall as 60 feet (20 meters) are recommended for use in the area marked as the tall zone. Plant large trees at least 35 feet (11 meters) away from the house for proper root development and to minimize damage to the house or building. These large-growing trees are also recommended for streets without overhead restrictions. (Please refer to Zoning Ordinance for specifics.) It is advised that, street planting sites must also have wide planting areas or medians [greater than 8 feet (3 meters)] that allow for a large root system, trunk diameter, and root flare. Please refer to Zoning Ordinance for specifics. Large trees are also recommended for parks, meadows, or other open areas where their large size, both above and below ground, will not be restricted, cause damage, or become a liability. Where to plant Low-Canopy trees/ shrubs (Low Zone) This zone extends 15 feet (4.5 meters) on either side of the wires. Trees with a mature height of less than 20 feet (6 meters) may be planted anywhere within this zone, including street tree plantings under utility lines. Such trees are also recommended when the growing space is limited. These trees are appropriate as well for narrow planting areas [less than 4 feet (1 meter) wide]; planting squares or circles surrounded by concrete; large, raised planting containers; or other locations where underground space for roots will not support tall- or medium-zone trees. Where to plant Medium Sized trees (Medium Zone) Trees that grow up to 40 feet (12 meters) tall can be used to decorate or frame your house or provide a park-like setting. Medium-sized trees are also recommended for planting anywhere the available above and below ground growing space will allow them to reach a mature height of 30 to 40 feet (10 to 12 meters). Appropriate soil spaces are wide planting areas or medians [4 to 8 feet (1 to 3 meters) wide], large planting squares [8 feet (3 meters) square or greater], and other open areas of similar size or larger. (Please refer to Zoning Ordinance for specifics.)

5 Proper Tree Maintenance Pruning Benefits Pruning trees removes unnecessary growth without the lifelong problems that topping creates. Typical pruning should only consist of dead, broken, or diseased branches. Topping a tree is considered by many arborists, the worst thing that you could do for the health of a tree. The act of topping makes the tree more susceptible to insects and diesease and it reduces its food-making capibilities. For most deciduous (broadleaf) trees, don t prune up from the bottom any more than ⅓ of the tree s total height. Large Limbs: A: Make a partial cut from beneath. B: Make a second cut from above several inches out and allow the limb to fall. C: Complete the job with a final cut just outside the branch collar. Small Branches: Make a sharp clean cut, just beyond a lateral bud or other branch. Deep Crotching: 1/4 and 1/3 Rule : Never remove more than ¼ of a tree s crown in a season. Where possible, try to encourage side branches that form angles that are ⅓ of vertical (10:00 or 2:00 positions). For most species, the tree should have a single trunk; check to be sure. Ideally, main side branches should be at least ⅓ smaller than the diameter of the trunk. If removal of a main branch is necessary, cut it back to where it is attached to another large branch or the trunk. Do not truncate or leave a stub. Root Systems Tree root systems can spread 2 3 times wider than the height of the tree. Roots will grow where moisture and oxygen are available. As a result, most of the tree s fine absorbing roots are in the top 12 inches of the soil. Water should be applied within the dripline of the tree (the Critical Root Zone in the box above). A: Because roots need oxygen, they don t normally grow in the compacted oxygen-poor soil under paved streets. B: The framework of major roots usually lies less than 8 to 12 inches below the surface. C: Roots often grow outward to a diameter one to two times the height of the trees. WATER Water deeply and slowly. Ideally you want to saturate the first inch of soil every 7-10 days. It s important to water slowly, so the water is able to completely infiltrate down to the tree s root system. Watering for short periods of time will only encourage shallow root development, which can actually lead to more severe drought damage. Apply water so it moistens the critical root zone to a depth of 12 inches.

6 Proper Tree Planting

7 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) LARGE DECIDUOUS TREES (60'-70') Shade and/ or Street City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Comments Acer nigrum & cvs. Black Maple (2") Acer Platanoides Norway Maple (2") Acer rubrum & cvs. (Oct. Glory, Red Sunset) (2") Acer rubrum "Armstrong" "Armstrong Red Maple (2") Acer saccharum & cvs. Sugar Maple (Bonfire, C.) (2") Acer x freemanii Autumn Blaze Maple (2") Aesculus hippocastanum Common Horsechestnut (2") Betula nigra "Heritage" "Heritage" River Birch (10'-12' ht. Clump) Carya glabra Pignut Hickory (2") Carya ovata & cvs. Shagbark Hickory (2") Celtis x occidentalis "Magnifica" Hackberry (2") Diospyros virginiana Persimmon (2") Fagus grandifolia American Beech (2") Fagus sylvatica & cvs. European Beech (2") Fagus Sylvatica 'Atropunicea' Purple Leafed Beech (2") Fraxinus americana & cvs. White Ash (2") emerald ash borer Fraxinus americana & "Rosehill" "Rosehill" White Ash (2") emerald ash borer Fraxinus americana "Greenspire" "Greenspire" White Ash (2") emerald ash borer Fraxinus pennsylvanica & cvs. Green Ash (2") emerald ash borer Ginko Biloba "Magyar" "Magyar" Ginkgo (2") Ginko Biloba "Princeton Sentry" Princeton Sentry Ginkgo (2") Gleditsia triacanthos l. var. inermis Thornless Common Honeylocust (2") Gymnocladus dioicus & cvs. Kentucky Coffeetree (2") Halesia monticola Mountain Silverbell (2") Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum (2") produces lots of fruit Liquidambar styraciflua "Rotundiloba" "Rotundiloba" Sweetgum (2") produces lots of fruit Liriodendron tulipifera Tuliptree or Tulip Poplar (2") Magnolia acuminata Cucumbertree Magnolia (2") Metasequoia glyptostroboi Dawn Redwood (10'-12' ht.) Nyssa sylvatica Blackgum Tree (2") Paulownia tomentosa Paulownia (2") non-native Platanus x acerifolia & cvs. London Planetree (Blood. (2") Platanus occidentalis American Planetree (2") Quercus alba White Oak (2") Quercus bicolor Swamp White Oak (2") Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak (2") Quercus falcata Southern Red Oak (2") Quercus imbricaria Shingle Oak (2") Quercus phellos Willow Oak (2") Quercus Prinus Chesnut Oak (2") Quercus robur English Oak (2")

8 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Quercus robur & cvs. "Fastigate" English Oak (2") Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak (2") Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak (2") Salix alba & cvs. Golden Weeping Willow (2") Taxodium distichum & cvs. Bald Cypress (10'-12' ht.) Tilia americana American Linden (2") Tilia americana "Redmond" "Redmond" Linden (2") Tilia cordata "Greenspire" "Greenspire" Littleaf Linden (2") Tilia tomentosa "Green Mountain" "Green Mountain" Silver Linden (2") Ulmus americana & cvs. American Elm (Princeton) (2") Ulmus parvifolia "Allee" "Allee" Elm (2") Zelkova serrata "Green Vase" "Green Vase" Zelkova (2") Zelkova Serrata "Village Green" "Village Green" Zelkova (2") Comments Medium Deciduous Trees (40'-60') Acer rubrum & cvs. Red Maple (Autumn Flame) (2") Acer Saccharum "goldspire" "Goldspire" Sugar Maple (2") Acer Truncatum x platanoid Norwegian Sunset Maple (2") Carpinus betulus European Hornbeam (2") Celtis laevigata "All Seasons" "All Season" Sugar Hac.. (2") Cercidiphyllum japonicum Katsuratree (2") Corylus colurna Turkish Filbert (2") Koelreuteria panuculata Golden-rain tree (2") Malus "Dolgo" Dolgo Crab apple (2") Pyrus Calleryana 'Red spire' Redspire Pear (2") potentially invasive Quercus acutissima Sawtooth Oak (2") Salix nigra Black Willow (2") Sassafras albidum Common Sassafras (2") Sophora japonica "Princeton Upright" (2") Sophora japonica "Regent" "Regent Japanese Pagoda (2") Small Deciduous Trees (20'-40') (Street and/or under utility lines) Acer buergeranum Trident Maple (6'-8' ht.) Acer campestre & cvs. Hedge Maple (6'-8' ht.) Carpinus betulus "Fastigia" Pyramidal European Hornbeam (6'-8' & 10'-12') Carpinus betulus "Fastigia" Pyramidal European Hornbeam (6'-8' & 10'-12') Carpinus Caroliniana American Hornbeam (6'-8' & 10'-12') Carpinus Caroliniana American Hornbeam (6'-8' & 10'-12') Cladrastis kentukea (Perkins's Pink, Sweetshaw) (2") Crataegus crusgalli var. Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn (6'-8' ht.) Crataegus laevigata Paul's Scarlet English Hawthorn (6'-8' ht.) Crataegus viridis "Winter King" "Winter King" Hawthorn (6'-8' ht.) Koelreuteria paniculata Goldernraintree (6'-8' ht.) Maackia amurensis & cvs. "Starburst" Amur Maaskia (6'-8' ht.) Malus baccata "Walters" Crabapple (6'-8' ht.) Ostrya virginiana American Hophornbeam (6'-8' ht.) Oxydendrum arboreum Sourwood (6'-7') Phellodendron amurense "Shademaster" Amur (6'-7') Pistacia chinesis Chinese Pistache (6'-7') Prunus cerasifera & cvs. Flowering Plum (6'-7') Prunus incisa x Campanul "Okame" Flowering Cherry (6'-7') Prunus sargentil & cvs. Sargent Cherry (6'-7') Prunus serrulata & cvs. Japanesse Flowering Cherry (6'-7') Prunus x subhirtella "Accolade" "Accolade" Flowering High (6'-7') Prunus yeodensis & cvs. Yoshino Flowering Cherry (6'-7') Pyrus calleryana & cvs. Pear (Aristocrat, Autumn) (6'-7') potentially invasive Ornamental Trees (20'-40')

9 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Comments Acer griseum Paperbark Maple (6'-8' ht.) Amelanchier canadensis Shadblow Serviceberry (6'-7' ht.; clump) Amelanchier x grandiflora Serviceberry (6'-7' ht.; clump) Amelanchier laevis & cvs. Alleghey Serviceberry (6'-7' ht.; clump) Betula jacquemontii White-Barked Himalayan (6'-7') Betula platyphylla "Whitespire" "Whitespire" Asian Whitespire (6'-7' ht.; clump) Catalpa bignoides Southern Catalpa (6'-8' ht.) Cercis canadensis & cvs Eastern Redbud (6'-7') Cornus Florida & cvs. Flowering Dogwood (6'-7') Cornus kousa & cvs. Kousa Dogwood (6'-7') Cornus x (Rutban, Rutcar) Rutgers Series Flowering (6'-7') Halesia carolina & cvs. Carolina Silverbell (6'-8' ht.) Halesia diptera "Magniflora" Two-Winged Silverbell (6'-8' ht.) Magnolia grandiflora & cvs. Southern Magnolia (6'-8' ht.) Magnolia x loebneri & cvs. Loebner Magnolia (6'-8' ht.) Magnolia x soulangiana Saucer Magnolia (6'-8' ht.) Parrotia persica Persian Parrotia (6'-8' ht.) Prunus corinthian & cvs. Flowering Peach (6'-8' ht.) Prunus subhirtella "Autumn" Autumn Flowering Higan (6'-8' ht.) Prunus subhirtella "Pendula" Weeping Cherry (6'-8' ht.) Salix babylonica Babylon Weeping Willow (6'-8' ht.) Stewartia koreana Korean Stewartia (6'-8' ht.) Stewartia pseudocamellia Japanese Stewartia (6'-8' ht.) Syringa reticulata & cvs. Japanese Tree Lilac (6'-8' ht.)

10 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Small Ornamental Trees (10'-20') Acer ginnala "Flame" "Flame" Amur Maple (6'-7') Acer palmatum Japanese Maple (6'-7') Acer palmatum 'Crimson Queen' Crimson Queen Maple (2") Acer tataricum Tartarian Maple (6'-7') Acer palmatum dissectum Cutleaf Japanese Maple (2") Aesculus pavia Red Buckeye (2") Betula Papyrifera White Birch (2") Betula Pendula alba European white birch (2") Catalpa bungei Umbrella Catalpa (6'-7') Chionanthus retusus Chinese Fringetree (6'-7') Chionanthus virginicus White Fringetree (6'-7') Cornus Alternifolia Pagoda Dogwood (2") Cornus mas Corneliancherry Dogwood (6'-7') Cornus x 'Aurora' Rutgers Dogwood (2") Cornus florida rubra Pink Dogwood (2") Cotinus coggygria & cvs. Royal Purple Smoketree (6'-7') Cotinus Obovatus American Smoke Tree (2") Enkianthus campanulatus Redvein Enkianthus (6'-7') Franklinia altamaha Franklin Tree (6'-7') Hamamelis virginiana Common Witch Hazel (6'-7') Laburnum x watereri Goldenchain Tree (6'-7') Lagerstroemia indica x fau Crepe Myrtle (6'-7') Magnolia liliiflora Magnolia (Ann, Betty, g ) (6'-7') Magnolia stellata Star Magnolia (6'-7') Magnolia virginiana Sweet Bay Magnolia (6'-7') Malus 'Donald Wyman' Donald Wyman Crab Apple (2") Malus floribunda Japanese Flowering Crabtree (6'-7') Malus hupehensis & cvs Tea Crabapple (6'-7') Malus 'Katherine' Katherine Crab Apple (2") Malus 'Red Jade' Red Jade Crab Apple (2") Malus sargentil Sargent Crabapple (6'-7') Malus & cvs. Crabapple (6'-7') Malus transitoria "Schmidt" "Golden Raindrops" Crabapple (6'-7') Malus zumi calocarpa Zumi Crabapple (6'-7') Pyrus fauriei "Westwood" Korean Sun Flowering (6'-7') Salix matsundana 'Tortuosa' Corkscrew willow (2") Stewartia ovata Mountain Stewartia (6'-7') Styrax japonica Japanese Snowbell (6'-7') Viburnum prunifolium Blackhaw Viburnum (6'-7') Viburnum sieboldii Siebold viburnum (6'-7') Comments

11 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Comments Broadleaved Evergreens (Screening) and Ornamental Conifers (20'-70') Abies concolor White Fir, Concolor Fir (4'-5') Cedrus atlantica "Glauca" Blue Atlas Cedar (4'-5') Cedrus deodara Deodar Cedar (4'-5') Cedrus libani Cedar of Lebanon (4'-5') Chamaecyparis lawsonian Lawson Falsecypress (4'-5') Cryptomeria japonica & cvs. Cryptomeria (Black Dragon) (4'-5') X Cupressocyparis leyland Leyland Cypress (4'-5') Cupressus arizonica Blue Arizona Cypress (4'-5') llex opaca & cvs American Holly (4'-5') llex x aquipernyi San Jose Holly (4'-5') llex x attenuata "Fosteri" Foster Holly (4'-5') llex x 'Nellie R. Stevens' Nellie R. Stevens Holly (4'-5') Juniperus virginiana & cvs. Eastern Redcedar (4'-5') Larix decidua European Larch (4'-5') Magnolia grandiflora Southern Magnolia (4'-5') Picea abies Norway Spruce (4'-5') Picea glauca White Spruce (4'-5') Picea orientalis Oriental Spruce (4'-5') Picea omorika Serbian Spruce (4'-5') Picea pungens var. glauca Colorado Blue Spruce (4'-5') Pinus bungeana Lacebark Pine (4'-5') Pinus cembra Swiss Stone Pine (4'-5') Pinus densiflora Japanese Red Pine (4'-5') Pinus flexilis Limber Pine (4'-5') Pinus parviflora Japanese White Pine (4'-5') Pinus resinosa Red Pine (4'-5') Pinus strobus Eastern White Pine (4'-5') potentially invasive Pinus sylvestris Scotch Pine (4'-5') Pinus taeda Loblollly Pine (4'-5') Pinus thunbergiana Japanese Black Pine (4'-5') Taxodium distichum Bald Cypress (4'-5') Taxus baccata English Yew (4'-5') Taxus cuspidata "Capitata" Upright Japanese Yew (4'-5') Thuja occidentalis & cvs. Eastern Arborvitae (4'-5') Thuja orientalis & cvs. Oriental Arborvitae (4'-5') Thuja plicata & cvs. Giant Arborvitae (4'-5') Tsuga caroliniana Caroliana Hemlock (4'-5') hemlock wooly adelgid

12 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Broadleaved Evergreen/ Semi Evergreen Shrubs (screening (3'-15') Abelia grandiflora Glossy Abelia (2") Aucuba japonica Japanses Aucuba (2") Berberis julianae Wintergreen Barberry (2") Berberis verruculosa Warty Barberry (2") Berberis x gladwynensis "William Penn" Barberry (2") Buxus microphylla & cvs. Littleleaf Box (2") Buxus sempervirens & cvs. American Boxwood (2") Buxus sempervirens "Suff.." Dwarf English Boxwood (2") Buxus & cvs Boxwood (Green Mountain) (2") Cotoneaster dammeri & cvs Bearberry Cotoneaster (2") Cotoneaster salicifolius Willowleaf Cotoneaster (2") Daphne cneorum Rose Daphne (2") Daphne odora Fragrant Daphne (2") Daphne x burkwoodii "Son" "Somerset Daphne" (2") Hypericum calycinum Aaronsbeard St. Johnswood (2") llex cornuta "Bufordii" Buford Holly (2") llex cornuta & cvs Chinese Holly (Dwarf Buford) (2") llex cornuta 'Carissa' Carissa Holly (2") llex crenata & cvs Japanese Holly (2") llex crenata & cvs Japanese Holly (2") llex glabra & cvs Inkberry Holly (2") llex vomitoria Yaupon (2") llex x aquipernyi "Dragon Lady" "Dragon Lady" Holly (2") llex x meserveae & cvs Meserve Holly (2") Jasminim nudiflorum Winter Jasmine (2") Juniperus chinensis & cvs Chinese Juniper (2") Juniperus scopulorum "Wichita Blue" "Wichita Blue" Juniper (2") Kalmia latifolia Mountain Laurel (Elf, (2") Leucothoe axillaris Coast Leucothoe (2") Leucothoe fontanesiana Drooping Leucothoe (2") Ligustrum japonicum Japanese Privet (2") Mahonia aquifolium Oregon Hollygrape (2") Mahonia bealei Leatherleaf Mahonia (2") Myrica cerifera & cvs Southern Waxmyrtle (2") Myrica penslyvanica Northern Bayberry (2") Nandina domestica Nandina or Heavenly B.. (2") Osmanthus heterophyllus Holly Osmanthus (2") Osmanthus x fortunei Fortune's Osmanthus (2") Photinia x frazeri Red Photinia (2") Comments

13 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= Picea abies 'Little Gem' Dwarf Norway Spruce (2") Picea abies 'Nidiformis' Birds Nest Spruce (2") Pieris floribunda Mountain Pieris (2") Pieris japonica & cvs Japanese Pieris (Dorothy) (2") Pinus mugo Mugo Dwarf Mountain Pi.. (2") Prunus laurocerasus & cvs Cherry Laurel (Otto Luyk..) (2") Pyracantha 'Lowboy' Lowboy Firethorn (2") Pyracantha x cvs Firethorn (Fiery Cascade) (2") Pyracantha coccinea 'lala' Orange Laland Firethorn (2") Rhododendron spp. Azalea (Glenn Dale) (2") Rhododendron spp. Rhododendron (2") Sarcococca Hookerana Dwarf Himalayan Sweet (2") Sarcococca ruscifolia Sweet Box (2") Skimmia japonica Japanese Skimmia (2") Taxus baccata "Repandens" English Spreading Yew (2") Taxus cuspidata & cvs Japanese Yew (2") Taxus x media & cvs Anglojap Yew (2") Viburnam xburkwoodii Burkwood Viburnam (2") Viburnum x pragense Prague Viburnam (2") Viburnam rhytidophyllum "Alleghany" Viburnam (2") Viburnum utile "Conoy" "Conoy" Viburnam (2") Comments Deciduous Shrubs (3'-30') Aesculus parviflora Bottlebrush Buckeye (2") Aronia arbutifolia "Brilliant" Brilliant Red Chokecherry (2") Buddleia davidii Butterfly Bush (2") Callicarpa dichotoma Purple Beautyberry (2") Callicarpa japonica Japanese Beautyberry (2") Calycanthus floridus Common Sweetshrub (2") Caryopteris "Longwood Blue Mist" Blue Mist Shrub (2") Cephalanthus occidentalis Buttonbush (2") Clenthra alnifolia & cvs Summerset Clethra (2") Cornus alba "Argenteo-ma European Variegated (2") Cornus racemosa Gray Dogwood (2") Cornus sericea & cvs Red-twig Dogwood (2") Cornus sericea "Flavirame" Yellowtwig Dogwood (2") Cotoneaster apiculatus Cranberry Cotoneaster (2") Cotoneaster horizontalis Rockspray Cotoneaster (2") Deutzia gracillis & cvs Slender Deutzia (Nikko) (2") Forsythia x intermedia & cvs Forsythia (Lynwood) (2") Fothergilla gardenii Dwarf Fothergilla (2") Fothergilla major Large Fothergilla (2") Hamamelis x intermedia & cvs Witchhazel (Arnold Prom) (2") Hamamelis mollis Chinese Witchhazel (2") Hamamelis vernalis Vernal Witchhazel (2") Hydrangea quercifolia & cvs Oakleaf Hydrangea (2") Hypericum x "Hidcote" "Hidcote" St. Johnswort (2")

14 Charlottesville's Master Tree List Botanical Name Common Name Minimum Caliper or Height (Min. Cal./Ht.) City regulation requires 2" minimum caliper Height of Planting (X) Growth over 10 years (Y) Total Height in 10 Years X + Y = T Ratio of Width to Height [R] Total Width in 10 years [R] T = D Area of Canopy (D)^2*3.14/4= llex decidua Possumhaw (2") llex verticillata & cvs Winterberry Holly (2") Itea virginica "Henry's Garnet" "Henry's Garnet" Sweets (2") Kerria japonica Japanese Kerria (2") Ligustrum amurence "North River" "North River" Privet (2") Lindera benzoin Spicebush (2") Physocarpus opulifolius "Dart's Golden" "Dart's Golden" Ninebark (2") Potentilla fruticosa & cvs Cinquefoil (Abbotswood,) (2") Prunus cistena Purpleleaf Sand Cherry (2") Rhus aromatica Flameleaf Sumac (2") Rhus copallina Fragrant Sumac (2") Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac (2") Rhus typhina Staghorn Sumac (2") Spiraea x bumalda & cvs Spirea (Neon Flash) (2") Spiraea nipponica & cvs Spirea (Snowmound) (2") Spiraea x vanhouttei Vanhoutte Spirea (2") Syringa meyeri "Palibin" Compack Meyer Lilac (2") Syringa patula "Miss Kim" "Miss Kim" Manchurian L (2") Syringa x chinensis Chinese Lilac (2") Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood Viburnum (2") Viburnum lantana & cvs Wayfaringtree Viburnum (2") Viburnum lentago Nannyberry Viburnum (2") Viburnum nudum "Winterthur" "Winterthur" Viburnum (2") Viburnum opulus "Sterile" Old Fashinoned Viburnum (2") Viburnum plicatum & cvs Snowball Viburnum (2") Viburnum plicatum toment Doublefile Viburnum (2") Viburnum prumifolium Blackhaw Viburnum (2") Viburnum trilobum American Cranberrybush (2") Viburnum x carlcephalum Fragrant Viburnum (2") Viburnum x "Juddii" Judd Viburnum (2") Comments

15 Latin Name Common Name 'cold Hardiness1 heat AV~. Mature height tolerance zones bow Heip? t Zone-- Under Utility Lines Trees thai do not exceed 20 feet in mature height, or that may need infrequent crown height reduction. Acer Ginnala Amur Maple '- 18' Acer platanoides 'Globosum' Globe Norway Maple ' - 18' Amelanchier arborea, A, canadensis Serviceberries 4-9 I '- 30' Chionanthus retusus ~hinese ~rin~etree 6-8 / ' - 25' Chioanthus Virginicus [white Fringetree ' - 20' Cornus alternifolia pagoda ~ogwood ' - 25' Cornus mas 'Spring Glow' Cornelian Cherry ' Fraxinus pennsylvanica 'Johnson' Leprechaun Ash '- 18' Magnolia grandiflora 'Little Gem' ~ittle Gem ~ a~nolia ' - 20' Magnolia x soulangiana Saucer Magnolia 6-9 I ' - 25' Magnolia stellata Star Magnolia i , 6-20' ~alusspp. I Flowering Crabapple 4-8 I ' Prunus cerasifera 'Thundercloud' 'Cherry Plum ' 15-20' Viburnum sieboldii, Siebold Viburnum ' Large Shrubs that can be pruned into tree form for use under overhead utility lines Hibiscus syriacus Altheal Rose of Sharon 5-9 I ' - 12' Lagerstroemia indica Crape Myrtle* ' - 25' Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum Doublefile viburnum I 8-6 6' - 15' viburnum prunifolium Blackhad Viburnum ' - 20' Vitex agnus-castus ~p~ chastetree 6-9 I 9-1 8' - 15' Medium Height Zone -- Near Utility Lines Trees that generally exceed 20' in mature height; if used under easement will require more frequent pruning if planted in good growing location Acer Buergeranum Trident Maple 5-9 I 9-3' 20' - 25' Acer campestre Hedge Maple ' - 35' Carpinus Caroliana ~merican Hornbeam ' - 35' Cercis canadensis 'Texas white' White Redbud ' - 30' Cornus Kousa Kousa Dogwood ' - 30'

16 ~ Yoshino Cornus -- x Rutgerinensis Stellar Dogwood ' - 30' ~ Crataegus crus-gal11 var. inermis IThornless cockspur Hawthorne ~~ I ' - 30'~ Halesia diptera I Carolina silverbell ' - 40' Koelreuteria Paniculata olde en-rain Tree ' - 35' Magnolia x 'Galaxy' Galaxy Magnolia ' - 30' Magnolia x loebneri 'Merrill' erri ill Magnolia ' - 30' Oxydendron arboreum Sou wood ' - 40' Parrotia persica Persian Parrotia 4-7 I ' - 40' Pistacia Chinensis ~hinese Pistache ' - 35' Prunus Mume 1 Flowering Apricot ' - 25' Prunus x 'Okame' Okame ~herj ' - 25' Prunus x Yedoensis ~ Cherry 6-8 I ' - 40' Rhus Copallina Flameleaf Sumac ' - 30' Stewartia Pseudocamellia Japanese Stewartia ' - 40' Styrax Japonicus (esp. 'Pink Chimes') Japanese Snowbell ' - 30' Styrax 0 bassia ragr rant snow bell 6-8 I ' - 30' Syringa Reticulata Japanese Tree Lilac ! 20' - 30' I Tall Trees that can be used near (but not under) utility lines due to their more upright or narrow crowns Acer Platanoides 'Columnare, 'Crimson Sentry', 'Easy Street', Olmstead' Norway Maple ' - 45' Acer Rubrum 'Armstrong', 'Bowhall' Red Maple 3-9 I ' - 50' Acer Saccharum 'Apollo', 'Newton Sentry' Sugar Maple ' - 50' carpinus ~etulus~'~olumnaris', 'Fastigiata' European Hornbeam j 30' - 50' Ginko Biloba 'Fairmount', Fastigiata', I i 'Princeton Sentry' ' - 60' ~agnoha Grandiflora 'Alta', 'Hasse' I gza:rn Magnolia* ' - 50' Pyrus Calleryana 'Capital', 'Cleveland Select', 'Whitehouse' Callery Pear ' - 40' Quercus Robur 'Fastigiata', 'Skyrocket' English Oak 4-8 I ' - 50' * Plants that, due to lack of cold hardiness, are not suitable for planting in all parts of Virginia (check you hardiness Zone)

17 I Trees not Recommended for Planting Botanical Name Common Name Potential Problems Acer Saccharium Silver Maple Weak wooded Crataegus Phaenopyrum Washington Hawthorn pestsld iseases Fraxinus Ornus Flowering Ash pestsld iseases Ginko Bilboa (female) Female Ginko 'odor Pyrus Calleryana 'Bradford' Pear Weak wooded Quercus Palustris pestsldiseases Sorbus Species Mountain Ash pestsldiseases *Robina pseudoacacia* *Black Locust* pestsld iseases Ailanthus altissima Tree of Heaven, invasive Albizia julibrissin Durz. Silk Tree "Mimosa" 1 threat to native plant species