DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DRY COCONUT SHELL BREAKING MACHINE

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Bartholomew Reed
5 years ago
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1 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DRY COCONUT SHELL BREAKING MACHINE PROJECT REFERENCE NO. : 37S1087 COLLEGE : MALNAD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, HASSAN BRANCH : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING GUIDE : M.G.VASUNDHARA STUDENTS : RANGANATH.P SUJAY.B.S VINAYKUMAR.K.S YASHWANTH.K.S Introduction: Coconut plays an important role in the economic, social and cultural activities of millions of people in our country. India is a major producer of coconut in the world. Coconut provides food, edible oil, industrial oil and health drink to humanity.native to the tropics, the palm seems to have found its way across the continents. All parts of coconut tree is useful in one way or other and the crop profoundly influences the socio-economic security of millions of farm families. Coconut is an important source of vegetable oil used for both edible and industrial applications.coconuts are harvested from a tree at varying intervals in a year. The frequency differs in different localities. Tender coconuts are picked as and when required. Coconuts become mature in about twelve months after the opening of the inflorescence or flower bunches. The slight reduction in the quantity of copra and oil will be easily compensated by the additional income from the fibre.in order to obtain the copra from the dry coconut, there are number of process to be done. The processes are coconut plucking, de-husking, breaking shell. At present the shell breaking is performed manually.insufficient labour strength, skill full work requirement makes the process tedious and time consuming.there is a chance of accidents during manual process. The labour cost also collectively adds up to the cost of the product.since we have varieties of de-husking machines, so we are intending to introduce a machine to break coconut shell. 1

2 Objectives: Coconut production play an important role in the national economy of India. Coconuts are known for its versatility as seen in many uses of its different parts. It also has cultural and religious significance in many societies. Copra is the dried meat or kernel of the coconut. Traditionally coconut shell is operated manually to get copra out. But it consumes more time and more Physical Exertion of workers, so the main objective is to reduce time consumption and Physical Exertion by introducing a machine to break coconut shell. It should be to operate with less wastage of copra. This machine is reduce the accidents that may happen during deshelling manually. Coconut dehusking and deshelling being done in villages so that it should not be of electric power consumption type. Methodology: Materials used Springs Nuts and bolts Angular Wheels Rammer Pedal Paint Methods: Literature survey has done over coconut harvesting, dehusking and deshelling processes.the force required to break the coconut shell has done before starting the design of machine components, various mechanisms has studied to design the machine to get the desired load in desired manner. 2

3 Work carried out: Cutting is done by sawing, chiseling(all with manual and powered variants) and by cutting machine). Joining of the cut pieces is done by welding, reveting and threaded fasteners. Structural steel angulars are the usual starting materials for fabrication, along with the welding wire, flux, and fasteners that will join the cut pieces. Welding is mainly focused on steel fabrication. The formed and machined parts are assembled and tack welded into place then re-checked for accuracy. The welding is done as per the engineering drawings. Wheels are attached to the fabricated machine in order to make the machine portable.the iron parts are well painted so as to prevent it from getting rusted. Results and conclusion: Particulars Traditional way of breaking Machine Quantity per hour Time taken per coconut 9.5 sec 7.5 sec Risk factors High Less 3

4 Health injuries Injuries in hands and other parts of the body Less Ease of use Difficult Easy Effort required Very high Less Wastage Few Less The machine will ram the coconut shell and hence the coconut shell is to be broken into two pieces. This machine will be used to break coconut shell with less physical exertion of workers and within short time. In traditional way of breaking the coconut shell accidents and damage to the copra may occur but this machine is very simple and cases of accidents are very less. The time required to break the coconut shell using this machine is less compared to traditional way. By this machine the time consumption is reduced hence productivity is increased. With the use of this machine the labour problems and high wages that have to be payed for labours can be minimized for some extent. The mechanisms used in the machine are very simple so that further future work can be carried out and automation can be planned in the future. A machine of this nature can be used in village level application in developing countries like India. Being India a developing country the advancement in agriculture sector will help in the national economy for some extent. Scope for Future Work: This is very simple mechanism so that in future it would help in automation of the machine.the implemented automatic coconut shell breaking machine can be made further advanced by implementingconveyor belt in the machine for placing the coconut shell on anvil. In the mechanism, the reciprocatory motion of the links can be transformed to rotary motion which can be keyed to the shaft connected with conveyor's pinion. Further advancement of placing coconut shell can be made by using motor to run the conveyor. Separate collectors can be used, one for collecting the kernel and the other for the shell. In the machine, angulars can replaced by Aluminium rod which makes it light so that it could be made portable and easily movable. The machine could be made self-operated by introducing electric motor to run the conveyor s belt system and could also be used for the operation of pedal. The coconut placing can be made more convenient by v clamp type or 4

5 by some other means. Sensors can be used in the future to adjust the ram for different sizes of coconuts which reduces the time for segregation of different sizes of coconut shells. The whole model can be enclosed with sheet metals to avoid accidents may occur during ramming. 5

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