1986 Atwood Navel Orange Rootstock Trial at Lindcove.

Transcription

1 1986 Atwood Navel Orange Trial at Lindcove. This trial includes 21 rootstocks. Trees were planted at Lindcove in 1986 to evaluate various Rangpur types (many listed as "red lime" in the tables below) and many selections from the USDA Indio breeding program. Sour orange, Troyer, and Borneo Rangpur are standard cultivars. This is the first trial that includes many of the rootstocks from the Indio breeding program. The trial includes 6 replications with two trees of each rootstock in each replication. The soil type is a San Joaquin loam. There are areas of poor drainage where standing water is common and trees are likely stressed. Phytophthora gummosis has been a problem with some trees on Rangpur types and rough lemon. Yield data has been collected annually since Other data collected: fruit quality data on all rootstocks in 1992 and 1995, freeze damage in 1999, fruit quality on three size classes from 5 promising or standard rootstocks in 2000, and packout data from 1996 to Trees on some non-promising rootstocks, mainly Bishop red lime and Santa Barbara red lime 131, were topworked with various low-seeded mandarin selections in 2002 to evaluate productivity of these selections when surrounded by navels that do not produce viable pollen. Therefore, the fruit size data on Bishop red lime is based on fewer trees and that for Santa Barbara red lime 131 is not included in the analysis. Preliminary conclusions - Rangpur types are not promising for this site. Sour orange and African Shaddock x Rubidoux trifoliate are two available rootstocks that produce large trees with high yields, good fruit quality, and good packouts. Among the unreleased rootstocks, Shekwasha x English trifoliate and Rangpur x Shekwasha are promising, with good yields, moderate tree size, and large fruit size. Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate and Sunki x Flying Dragon are also promising, producing trees slightly smaller than those on Troyer, but having higher yields and no disadvantages in fruit quality or packout. The Sour x Cleo hybrids, selected as salt tolerant, have been disappointing. They produce dwarf trees with poor health ratings and small size fruit. Data tables. Click on links below to see specific tables. Yield, Tree Size, and Health Table 1. Yield to 2009, tree size and health in 2006 Fruit quality Table 2. February and juice data. Table 3. December and juice data. Table 4. December and juice color data. Table 5. Freeze damage to fruit - Feb (subset of rootstocks) Table 6. March and juice data. (subset of rootstock, by size class) Packout to 2005 (data from earlier years is difficult to combine because different packline settings were used, and data from are still being analyzed). Table 7. Cumulative packout , % of by size class, % fancy Table 8. Packout - % size 56 and larger by year, for

2 Table 1. Summary of yield and tree size data for Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove, planted in Cumulative yield per tree over entire experiment; canopy volume measured in Feb. 2006; cumulative yield to canopy volume ratio; budunion rating on scale of 1-7 (1=severe benching, 5=smooth, 6 = scion overgrowth, and 7 = bulge; and Dec tree health rating on 0 (dead) to 5 (excellent) scale. s ranked by cumulative yield. Yield in lb/tree Canopy Yield/ Union Health Volume Volume Rating Rating TOTAL m3 lb/m3 (0-7) (0-5) Shekwasha x Eng. trifoli Brazil sour orange Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trif Rangpur x Shekwasha Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate Gomeri rough lemon Sunki x Flying Dragon Troyer Indio rough lemon citrumelo Citrus species x OP Santa Barbara red lime Soh Jhalia rough lemon Philippine red lime Kusaie lime Santa Barbara red lime Borneo Rangpur lime Bishop red lime Australian red lime Sour x Cleo # Sour x Cleo # LSD (0.05) Data collection by R. S. Kupper, C. T. Federici, M. L. Roose, and Lindcove staff. Data analysis by M. L. Roose. Contact: M. L. Roose, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA

3 Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. February 17, 1992 fruit quality study on 5 replications, 10 fruit per replication. Fruit weight (g) Texture Rating Thkness (mm) Hollow Core Rating Soluble Solids Percent Juice Solids: 4481 citrumelo Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Australian red lime Bishop red lime Borneo Rangpur lime Brazil sour orange Citrus species x OP Gomeri rough lemon Indio rough lemon Kusaie lime Philippine red lime Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate Rangpur x Shekwasha Santa Barbara red lime Santa Barbara red lime Shekwasha x Eng. trifoliate Soh Jhalia rough lemon Sour x Cleo # Sour x Cleo # Sunki x Flying Dragon Troyer LSD (0.05) & F-test (ns) 0.67 texture rating on 1-6 scale, 1 being rough and 6 very smooth. Hollow Core is number of fruit having a hollow core in a 10-fruit sample *

4 Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. Fruit quality study for fruit collected December 13, Texture Rating Color Rating Length: Width Ratio Thickness (mm) Juice Content Soluble Solids Solids: Ratio 4481 citrumelo Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Australian red lime Bishop red lime Borneo Rangpur Brazil sour orange Citrus sp. x OP Gomeri rough lemon Indio rough lemon Kusaie lime Philippine red lime Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate Rangpur x Shekwasha Santa Barbara red lime Santa Barbara red lime Shekwasha x Eng. trifoliate Soh Jhalia rough lemon Sour x Cleo # Sour x Cleo # Sunki x FD trifoliate Troyer LSD (0.05) F-Test (GLM) ns ** Ns ns ns

5 Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. and juice color data for December 13, 1995 fruit samples, analyzed using a colorimeter. L is a measure of lightness, C of chroma (color intensity or saturation), and H is hue angle where 90 is yellow. Hue values less than 90 are more orange, and values greater than 90 are more green. Color (L) Color (C) Color (H) Juice Color (L) Juice Color (C) Juice Color (H) 4481 citrumelo Afr._Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Australian red lime Bishop red lime Borneo Rangpur Brazil sour orange Citrus sp. x OP Gomeri rough lemon Indio rough lemon Kusaie lime Philippine red lime Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate Rangpur x Shekwasha Santa Barbara red lime Santa Barbara red lime Shekwasha x Eng. Trifoliate Soh Jhalia rough lemon Sour x Cleo # Sour x Cleo # Sunki x FD trifoliate Troyer LSD (0.05) F-test (GLM) ns

6 Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. Fruit quality of selected rootstocks measured for three fruit size classes. 10 fruit per plot (6 plots) sampled 3 March Stock Size Class Fruit Weight Percent Juice Solids Solids: Ratio Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Brazil sour orange Brazil sour orange Brazil sour orange Rangpur x Shekwasha Rangpur x Shekwasha Rangpur x Shekwasha Shekwasha x Eng. trifoliate Shekwasha x Eng. trifoliate Shekwasha x Eng. trifoliate Troyer Troyer Troyer Repeated Measures GLM Stocks ns ns ns Fruit Size * ns ns Stock*Fruit Size ns ns ns ns Juice percentage is higher for smaller fruit. Solids tends to be higher for smaller fruit (but not significant). Troyer produces fruit with less acid (but not significant). Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. Freeze damage to fruit sampled Feb. 25, Samples of 100 fruit per 2-tree plot were evaluated for damage (drying) based on center cut. Six replicate plots per rootstock were evaluated. Severe damage is > 25% of surface with drying. % of fruit with no damage Gomeri rough lemon Brazil sour orange Sunki x FD trifoliate Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Troyer Statistical significance of differences among rootstocks highly significant % of fruit with severe damage not significant

7 Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. Total counts of fruit harvested from 2001 to 2005 and the percent of fruit in various size classes. Percent of fruit graded Fancy is also shown. All rootstocks produced at least 98% orange fruit. Total Percentage of Total Fruit Harvested from Percent of Fruit Fruit < >113 >72 Fancy Count 4481 citrumelo Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trif Australian red lime Bishop red lime Borneo Rangpur Brazil sour orange Citrus sp. x OP Gomeri rough lemon Indio rough lemon Kusaie lime Philippine red lime Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate Rangpur x Shekwasha S. B. red lime Shekwasha x Eng. Trif Soh Jhalia rough lemon Sour x Cleo # Sour x Cleo # Sunki x FD trifoliate Troyer LSD (0.05) F-Test (GLM) ** (<113 is total for size classes 210, 163, and 138; >113 is total for sizes larger than 113 and > 56 is total for sizes larger than 72) Data collection by Lindcove staff, analysis by M. L. Roose, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521

8 Table Atwood navel orange rootstock trial at Lindcove. Percentage of fruit sized 56 and larger from 2001 to 2005 Percentage of Fruit Sized 56 and Larger Total 4481 citrumelo Afr. Shadd. x Rub. trifoliate Australian red lime Bishop red lime Borneo Rangpur Brazil sour orange Citrus sp. x OP Gomeri rough lemon Indio rough lemon Kusaie lime Philippine red lime Rangpur x Sw. trifoliate Rangpur x Shekwasha Santa Barbara red lime Shekwasha x Eng. Trifoliate Soh Jhalia rough lemon Sour x Cleo # Sour x Cleo # Sunki x FD trif Troyer LSD (0.05) F-Test (GLM) Data collection by Lindcove staff, analysis by M. L. Roose, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521