The Global Ecology of C 4 Grasses. Colin Osborne University of Sheffield
|
|
|
- Hillary McBride
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Global Ecology of C 4 Grasses Colin Osborne University of Sheffield
2 The C 4 syndrome changes environmental responses of photosynthesis Björkman (1971) Photosynthesis & Photorespira/on (eds. Hatch, Osmond, Slatyer)
3 But ecological adapta<on also has large effects... Pearcy & Ehleringer (1983) Plant Cell Environ
4 Evolu<onary perspec<ve changes interpreta<on of global pa?erns Edwards & Smith (2010) PNAS
5 C 4 grass lineages differ hugely in their biology Trait value Fig. 5 Comparisons of main traits between Chloridoideae and Panicoideae. Hui Liu Liu et al. (2012) Oecologia
6 Unraveling effects of ecology & evolu<onary history
7 How does C 4 photosynthesis interact with other determinants of plant growth?
8 Growth rate is a fundamental axis of varia<on in plant ecology compesson ferslity gradients trait correlasons e.g. N content Sssue turnover growth growth growth trade- offs survival defence storage
9 How does C 4 photosynthesis interact with other determinants of plant growth? ul/mate physiological innovason growth ecology evolusonary history
10 How does C 4 photosynthesis interact with other determinants of plant growth? proximate ul/mate photosynthesis physiological innovason allometry growth ecology development evolusonary history
11 Differen<al growth is major driver of community structure in global dynamic vegeta<on models DGVM C 4 grass PFT Woodward et al. (2004) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B
12 South Africa Grass lineages occupy different fire environments Andropogoneae lineage Mesic savannas High fire frequency ArisSdoideae lineage Hot, arid grasslands Heavy grazing Vernon Visser Visser et al. (2011) J. Biogeography
13 Do members of different grass lineages regrow at different rates aier fire? Andropogoneae C 4 Brad Ripley Paniceae C 3 ArisSdoideae C 4 Danthonioideae C 3 Tarryn MarSn
14 Do members of different grass lineages regrow at different rates aier fire?
15 Regrowth rate varies among grass lineages and is an adapta<on to fire Ln rate of recovery (mg d -1 ) a C 4 C 3 P < 0.05 Number of fires Rate or recovery Panicum aequinerve Alloteropsis eckloniana Panicum ecklonii Heteropogon contortus Themeda triandra Hyparrhenia hirta Pentaschistis pallida Pentaschistis curvifolia Merxmuellera disticha Karroochloa curva Aristida diffusa Arsitida junciformis Ln number of fires P- A ChrisSn Vernon Visser
16 Ecological adapta<on and shared evolu<onary history have major effects on regrowth aier fire. Larger sample of species needed to dis<nguish hypothesized C 4 effect from these other effects.
17 Larger sample of species needed to dis<nguish hypothesized C 4 effect from these other effects. Sam Taylor Taylor et al. (2009) New Phytol
18 Are there general effects of C 4 photosynthesis on growth rate among grasses? Chris Bennec Emily Mockford Rebecca Atkinson Poster P39
19 Are there general effects of C 4 photosynthesis on growth rate among grasses? C 3 /C 4 photosynthesis 5 EvoluSonary history Climate (MAT/MAP) Habitat (Open/Wet) Life history ~450 spp = 4,500 plants Growth form DomesScaSon status
20
21 Rela<ve growth rate in >440 grass species fixed species um monococcum var. monococcum Vulpia myuros Stenotaphrum secundatum Sacciolepis striata Arthraxon prionodes Leptochloa virgata Oryza grandiglumis Trichoneura grandiglumis Sporobolus pyramidalis Aristida adscensionis Anthephora pubescens Tricholaena monachne Eragrostis airoides Setaria parviflora Melinis ambigua Spartina pectinata Digitaria seriata Brachiaria Hordeum subquadripara vulgare subsp. Secale vulgare vavilovii Diheteropogon hagerupii Cynodon barberiavena fatua Buchloe dactyloides Ehrharta calycina Bouteloua curtipendula Lolium multiflorum Bothriochloa pertusa Panicum laetum Eragrostis papposa Muhlenbergia racemosa Tribolium echinatum Bothriochloa saccharoides Stipa viridula Eriochloa meyeriana Bothriochloa insculpta Paspalum conspersum Lolium Dichanthelium perenneacuminatum Alopecurus subsp. spretum myosuroides Eragrostis patula Dactylis glomerata Calamovilfa longifolia Setaria leucopila Chloris radiata Digitaria didactyla Rostraria cristata Homopholis Microstegium proluta vimineum Triticum timopheevii Sorghum angustum Panicum aequinerve Panicum phragmitoides Muhlenbergia rigens log.m Pennisetum sieberianum Eragrostis pectinacea Eragrostis superba Digitaria monodactyla Echinochloa crus galli Dactyloctenium Sorghum radulans bicolor subsp. Eleusine verticilliflorum coracana Dactyloctenium Sorghum giganteumarundinaceum Pennisetum glaucum Brachiaria lata Coix lacryma jobi Digitaria ciliaris Chionachne gigantea Panicum miliaceum Sorghum amplum Hordeum Panicum spontaneum miliaceum var. Coelachyrum ruderalepanicum piercei dichotomiflorum Eragrostis pilosa Cenchrus brownii Setaria italica Panicum capillare Digitaria setigera Cenchrus echinatus Echinochloa picta Enteropogon Pogonarthria prieurii squarrosa Panicum sumatrense Danthoniopsis Paspalum dinteri malacophyllum Sorghum Zea bicolor mays subsp. parviglumis Digitaria longiflora Echinochloa esculenta Cenchrus setigerus Eragrostis tef Zea mayssorghum ecarinatum Paspalum hartwegianum Leptochloa fusca Eragrostis cilianensis Paspalidium desertorum Fingerhuthia africana Eragrostis intermedia Stipa capensis Digitaria abyssinica Setaria verticillata Digitaria sanguinalis Ischaemum Dactyloctenium rugosum aegyptium A. speltoides ligustica Melinis repens Sorghum timorense Urochloa mosambicensis Secale cereale Digitaria fuscescens Panicum stapfianum Tragus racemosus Cenchrus incertus Avena sativa Panicum antidotale Sorghum propinquum Pennisetum violaceum Digitaria bicornis Lintonia nutans Paspalum vaginatum Eragrostis rufescens Oryza glaberrima Sporobolus fimbriatus Apluda mutica Oryza barthii Echinochloa crus pavonis Eragrostis eriopoda Chloris elata Cynodon transvaalensis Heteropogon contortus Bouteloua repens Eleusine indicatrichloris crinita Eragrostis mexicana Zoysia japonica Eragrostis unioloides Stipagrostis uniplumis Paspalum distichum Setaria faberi Eriachne Panicum aristidea pseudowoeltzkowii Cenchrus pilosus Enneapogon scoparius Bouteloua gracilis Triticum Stipagrostis aestivumhirtigluma var. hirtiglum Whiteochloa capillipes Digitaria brownii Polypogon fugax Echinochloa stagnina Oxychloris scariosa Iseilema macratherum Hordeum comosum Leptochloa panicoides Dinebra retroflexa Eragrostis capensis Eleusine kigeziensis Stipagrostis Pennisetum ciliata clandestinum Enteropogon sechellensis Panicum bisulcatum Digitaria debilissetaria viridis Bothriochloa Stipagrostis barbinodis hochstetteriana Paspalum dilatatum Cynodon dactylon Pennisetum setaceum Dasypyrum villosum Chloris gayana Echinochloa Vaseyochloa muricata multinervosa Panicum hirticaule Leptochloa dubia Cymbopogon citratus Poa alpina Aristida diffusaaegilops crassa Leymus triticoides Digitaria milanjiana Panicum Cymbopogon virgatum jwarancusa Phalaris subsp. jwarancusa arundinacea Leymus karelinii Muhlenbergia porteri Sporobolus helvolus Tripogon jacquemontii Pennisetum lanatum Setaria barbata Digitaria ternata Polypogon Stipagrostis chilensishirtigluma Sporobolus var. patulaindicus Digitaria insularis Tetrachne dregei Triraphis schinzii Aeluropus macrostachyus Poa annua Digitaria exilis Eremopyrum triticeum Arundinella hirta Festuca Triticum orthophylla monococcum subsp. Elymus aegilopoides tibeticus Bothriochloa springfieldii Paspalum floridanum Eragrostis variabilis Paspalum scrobiculatum Aristida funiculata Triticum baeoticum Dichanthelium scoparium Eulalia aurea Loudetiopsis kerstingii Oplismenus hirtellus Sporobolus fertilis Nassella pubiflora Dichanthium aristatum Bothriochloa bladhii Alloteropsis cimicina Briza maxima Panicum trichanthum Schizachyrium sanguineum Poa palustris Erioneuron pulchellum Loudetia phragmitoides Vulpia microstachys Eragrostis porosa Aristida ternipes Iseilema membranaceum Aristida barbicollis Elymus mutabilis Panicum lanipes Elymus dentatus Brachypodium Heteranthelium pinnatum Acroceras piliferum zizanioides Tristachya superba Loudetia Achnatherum simplex calamagrostis Piptochaetium napostaense Panicum laxum Muhlenbergia Leersia rigida drepanothrix Panicum natalense Paspalum Calamagrostis simplex canadensis Calamovilfa gigantea Elymus glaucissimus Desmazeria sicula Panicum tenellum Paspalum unispicatum Oryza rufipogon Cymbopogon commutatus Triticum dococcoides Bromus sterilis Piptochaetium avenaceum Melica ciliata Pennisetum alopecuroides Eriochloa sericea Psathyrostachys Phalaris junceacoerulescens Oryzopsis miliacea Poa sieberiana Pennisetum purpureum Paspalum tenellum Panicum subalbidum Andropogon Chasmanthium hallii Rytidosperma latifolium unarede Lasiacis sorghoidea Arundinella hookeri Poa arachnifera Lygeum spartum Zuloagaea bulbosa Paspalum fimbriatum Tripogon filiformis Panicum amarum Spodiopogon Arthraxon sibiricus lanceolatus var. Panicum echinatus rigidulum Halopyrum mucronatum Ehrharta Brachypodium erecta phoenicoides Oryza meyeriana Sacciolepis chevalieri Stipagrostis obtusa Poa cita Oryza latifolia Panicum dregeanum Danthonia spicata Panicum pygmaeum Festuca arundinacea Panicum hallii Koeleria cristatastipa tenuifolia Eleusine tristachya Paspalum haumanii Orthoclada laxa Elionurus euchaetus Hymenachne amplexicaulis Astrebla pectinata Poa compressa Tribolium hispidum Oryza punctata Puccinellia distans Oryza eichingeri A. semialata Semialata Odyssea mucronata 2 Hordeum marinum Melica altissima Panicum pansum Aristida divaricata Gastridium ventricosum Cortaderia selloana Brachypodium distachyon Leersia oryzoides Stipagrostis plumosa Stipa tenuissima Paspalum notatum Andropogon gerardii Bromus inermis Ischaemum Taeniatherum afrum caput medusae Lasiacis divaricata Echinochloa pyramidalis Stipa parviflora Aristida behriana Digitaria gayana Elymus pungens Dichanthelium acuminatum Dichanthium foveolatum Alopecurus textilis Sorghastrum Muhlenbergia nutans A. glomerata semialata Eckloniana Phleum pratense Panicum nervatum Elymus farctus Agropyron fragilestipa barbata Axonopus compressus Dichanthelium Aristida glaziovii oligosanthes Imperata var. oligosanthes cylindrica Poa maniototo Merxmuellera Paspalum stricta conjugatum Panicum queenslandicum Muhlenbergia capillaris Stipa spartea Sporobolus wrightii Stipa brandisii Calamagrostis arundinacea Eragrostis Schedonnardus lugens Dichanthelium paniculatus scabriusculum Chasmanthium laxum Panicum Panicum bergii rigidulum subsp. Aristida rigidulum congesta Panicum millioides Panicum turgidum kmannia syziga Triplachne nitenstipa sareptananisetum basedecurus magella Danthonia parryi Aristida hordeacea Melica macra Setaria megaphylla Danthonia californica Eragrostis gummiflua Brachypodium sylvaticum Paspalum minus Poa iberica Miscanthus oligostachyus Poa gilgianafestuca lenensis Paspalum pumilum Cymbopogon pospischilii Paspalum pubiflorum Arrhenatherum Arctagrostis album latifolia Stipagrostis Anthoxanthum zeyheri odoratum Poa aridafestuca spectabilis Elymus patagonicus Anthenantia rufabriza uniolae Stipa roylei grostis stolonifeaxonopus sppbromus mangofestuca kingii Panicum pilosum Glyceria grandiscciolepis africaanthonia sericeuropus lagopoi nthonia decumb Briza subaristat Bromus erectus Poa arctica nthonia compresperma semian Festuca roemer Festuca callieri spalum thunbeoleataenia ance orobolus gigantdosperma pilospoa colensoi icum clandestin oceras amplect ogon monspelinicum brevifoliuaira cupaniananna arundinaceustachys petraertococcum patefestuca hallerifestuca petraeaymus canadenshionochloa rubdichelachne rar Aristida adoensimarthria altissithelium depaupnardus strictaestuca californic ciolepis cymbiamicrochloa caffrsleria heufleriatriodia pungensachather paradpanicum prioniti ysanolaena latifdolepis mitchelkoeleria nitidulahanthelium leiberidolepis xerop
22 Are there general effects of C 4 photosynthesis on rela<ve growth rate among grasses? effect size significance C 4 photosynthesis +++ *** Annual life history +++ *** DomesScaSon ++ * Sod- forming growth + ** Open habitat preference + * Higher precipitason * Shared evolusonary history ++ ***
23 relasve growth rate = specific leaf area x leaf mass raso x net assimilason rate RGR = SLA x LMR x NAR Leaf area per unit leaf mass Leaf mass per unit plant mass Growth per unit leaf area
24 relasve growth rate = specific leaf area x leaf mass raso x net assimilason rate RGR = SLA x LMR x NAR C 4 photosynthesis +++ Annual life history DomesScaSon ++ Sod- forming growth ++ Open habitat preference PrecipitaSon
25 Why is specific leaf area higher in C 4 than C 3? SLA = 1 leaf density * leaf thickness EvoluSon of C 4 photosynthesis led to thinner leaves in grasses P- A ChrisSn Erika Edwards thickness C4 OS thickness C4 IS C 3 C 4 C 3 C ChrisSn et al. (2013) PNAS
26 The greater efficiency of C 4 leaves is linked to changes in the alloca<on of growth Sage & Pearcy (1987) Plant Physiology Long (1999) in C 4 Plant Biology (eds. Sage & Monson) Thinner leaves Greater leaf area Faster growth Greater root mass allocason Access to soil water/n?
27 Why doesn t C 4 photosynthesis boost the net assimila<on rate? Similar whole- plant net assimilason rate per unit leaf area Faster photosynthesis Greater root respirason? Faster leaf turnover?
28 The effect of C 4 photosynthesis on growth is mediated via changes to leaf thickness and root alloca<on
29 These changes in alloca<on exert major effects on growth, reminding us that photosynthesis acts within the context of a whole organism
30 Acknowledgements Rebecca Atkinson Emily Mockford Chris Bennec Mark Rees Rob Freckleton Ken Thompson Pascal- AnSone ChrisSn Erika Edwards Brad Ripley Tarryn MarSn Sally Archibald Vernon Visser Sam Taylor Hui Liu David Simpson Derek Clayton Knowledge Now Limited
IDENTIFYING AND APPRECIATING
IDENTIFYING AND APPRECIATING THE NATIVE AND NATURALIZED GRASSES OF CALIFORNIA Materials Selected and Presented by David Amme for class offered on May 8, 2003, Seaside, CA under the auspices of California
Supporting Online Material for
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/328/5978/587/dc1 Supporting Online Material for The Origins of C 4 Grasslands: Integrating Evolutionary and Ecosystem Science Erika J. Edwards,* Colin P. Osborne,* Caroline
Identifying the Genera of Central Florida Grasses Growing Wild
Identifying the Genera of Central Florida Grasses Growing Wild Christopher S. Matson Generously provided to the Central Florida CISMA Simple, spiny spikes Chasmanthium wood oats Shin to waist high Not
Important grasses for northern (n), central (c) and southern (s) Queensland
Important grasses for northern (n), central (c) and southern (s) Queensland Desirable perennial grasses Black speargrass Buffel grass Desert bluegrass/forest Mitchell Early spring grass Forest bluegrass
Supporting Online Material for
www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/328/5978/587/dc1 Supporting Online Material for The Origins of C 4 Grasslands: Integrating Evolutionary and Ecosystem Science Erika J. Edwards,* Colin P. Osborne,* Caroline
Grasses of James Cook University, Townsville Campus Part B: Generic descriptions and key to species. N.B. Hooker
Grasses of James Cook University, Townsville Campus Part B: Generic descriptions and key to species James Cook University 2009 http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/2104/ Title: Grasses of James Cook University, Townsville
Grass Genera in Townsville
Grass Genera in Townsville Nanette B. Hooker Photographs by Chris Gardiner SCHOOL OF MARINE and TROPICAL BIOLOGY JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY TOWNSVILLE QUEENSLAND James Cook University 2012 GRASSES OF THE TOWNSVILLE
AMAZING WORLD OF GRASSES
AMAZING WORLD OF GRASSES *Niranjan Gupta **Nikhiles Biswas ***J.Venkata Sudhakar ABSTRACT This paper discuss about the origin, distribution, economic importance of grasses as food, fodder, soil binders,
Grasses of Mt Gravatt Conservation Reserve
Compiled by Michael Fox www.megoutlook.wordpress.com/flora-fauna/ 2014 Creative Commons free use with attribution to Mt Gravatt Environment Group Alloteropsis semialata Cockatoo Grass Andropogon virginicus
Supplemental Label Manufactured For: Rotam North America, Inc Koger Blvd., Suite 140 Greensboro, NC DAKOTA
Page 1 of 8 Supplemental Label Manufactured For: Rotam North America, Inc. 4900 Koger Blvd., Suite 140 Greensboro, NC 27407 1-866-927-6826 DAKOTA EPA Reg. No. 83100-38-83979 APPLICATION OF DAKOTA IN ARTICHOKE
Selected Common Grasses of Humboldt County
Selected Common Grasses of Humboldt County A Guide for Identification of Grasses with Their Associated Forage Values This booklet has been provided by the Humboldt County Resource Conservation District,
Universal List of Species Species List
List Introduction ISTA (2008 edition) A Seed Reference Collection is an essential tool to help a seed testing laboratory accurately identify seed samples. The ISTA Purity Committee has developed the ISTA
Detectable Endosperm in Grass Seed Units Survey Results
Detectable Endosperm in Grass Seed Units Survey Results Deborah Meyer and Gil Waibel Purity Subcommittee August 15, 2018 The AOSA/SCST Purity Committee conducted a survey to determine the types and predominance
Bastrop County Grasses Only As of February 21, 2014
Bastrop County Grasses Only As of February 21, 2014 This checklist of the vascular plants of Bastrop County is primarily based on the collections in the herbarium at Plant Resource Center (PRC), University
Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington
Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington Printed June 2010 Prepared by: Kathryn Hill The Evergreen State College Ecological Agriculture
GRASSES OF THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY: VEGETATIVE KEY AND DESCRIPTIONS
Hagenbuch, K.W. and D.E. Lemke. 2015. Grasses of the Texas Hill Country: Vegetative key and descriptions. Phytoneuron 2015-4: 1 93. Published 7 January 2015. ISSN 2153 733X GRASSES OF THE TEXAS HILL COUNTRY:
Warm-Season Forages for Ohio
Warm-Season Forages for Ohio Christine Gelley OSU Extension ANR Noble County OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Today s Topics of Interest What are warm-season forages? What are the advantages and disadvantages
1. The flowers lack petals and are borne between bracts in a leafless inflorescence.
WHAT IS A GRASS? Puzzled by Poaceae?--A Grass Identification Workshop Tim Miller, Extension Weed Scientist, WSU Mount Vernon Washington State Weed Conference November 3, 1999 The word grass is used to
Appendix L Botanical composition of the pasture communities and local pasture units of northern Australia
Pasture lands of northern Australia 31 Appendix L Botanical composition of the pasture communities and local pasture units of northern Australia The species are listed for Local Pasture Units (LPU) in
Warm-Season Grass Common Name: Sorghum. Scientific Name: Sorghum bicolor. Family: Poaceae
Warm-Season Grass Common Name: Sorghum Scientific Name: Sorghum bicolor Family: Poaceae Warm-Season Grass Common Name: Sudangrass Scientific Name: Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor var. Sudanese Family:
ITEM 164 SEEDING FOR EROSION CONTROL
ITEM 164 SEEDING FOR EROSION CONTROL 164.1. Description. This Item shall govern for preparing ground, providing for sowing of seeds, mulching with straw, hay, or cellulose fiber and other management practices
Ornamental Grasses for New Mexico
The Diagnostic Process Ornamental Grasses for New Mexico Kelly W. Allred, Professor of Animal and Range Sciences Grasses are not used as often as they could be in New Mexico gardens and landscapes. Annual
Pounds Per Acre. Seed Per Pound. Native Or Introduced. Planting Dates. Common Name Variety Genus Species
Turner Product Table Alfalfa Common Medicago sativa ennial Cool 9/15-3/15 15-20 227,000 Alfalfa Ladak (Dryland) Medicago sativa ennial Cool 9/15-3/15 15-20 227,000 Alfalfa Ranger Medicago sativa ennial
ACCREDITED VS NON-ACCREDITED INDIVIDUALS
ACCREDITED VS NON-ACCREDITED INDIVIDUALS 7.35% Accredited Non-Accredited 92.65% BREAKDOWN OF ACCREDITED INDIVIDUALS 2.42% 6.45% 3.23% 9.68% 7.26% CSAAC CSA CVT RST RST/CSAAC RST/CSA 70.97% ACCREDITED
Sedges & Grasses of Eastern UTTAR PRADESH
Sedges & Grasses of Eastern UTTAR PRADESH Volume 1 by Ajai Kumar Singh Reader Department of Botany Udai Pratap Autonomous College Varanasi - 221 002 2007 DAYA PUBLISHING HOUSE Delhi - 110 035 iii Sedges
About this guide... Uses
About this guide... The purpose of this guide is to help you identify come commonly used conservation plants. Its color photos, line drawings and seed photos will help you make identifications. Also included
Habitat utilization of white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) on Willem Pretorius Game Reserve, Free-State Province, South Africa
Free-State Province, South Africa Habitat utilization of white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) on Willem Pretorius Game Reserve, Free-State Province, South Africa Herman Jordaan 1, Leslie R Brown
Controlling Non-native Cool-season Grasses (NCGs) Prairie Remnants and Restorations
Controlling Non-native Cool-season Grasses (NCGs) in Prairie Remnants and Restorations What is a cool-season plant? C3 photosynthetic pathway Prefer moist and cool conditions Most plant species What is
agronomy Grassy Weeds
agronomy OCTOBER 2018 SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY AGRONOMY, HORTICULTURE & PLANT SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Grassy Weeds Review and Revision: Paul O. Johnson SDSU Extension Weed Science Coordinator Original
SPECIES EVALUATION OF NATIVE ECOTYPES AND FOREIGN CULTIVARS OF LEGUMES AND GRASSES IN MONGOLIA
SPECIES EVALUATION OF NATIVE ECOTYPES AND FOREIGN CULTIVARS OF LEGUMES AND GRASSES IN MONGOLIA S.Jigjidsuren, D.Lkhagvasuren & D.Tumenjargal Mongolian Society for Range Management, Mongolian State University
Phytosociology of the north-eastern Transvaal high mountain grasslands. Priscilla Merle Burgoyne
Phytosociology of the north-eastern Transvaal high mountain grasslands by Priscilla Merle Burgoyne Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MAGISTER SCIENTIAE In the Department
A MILLET ATLAS Some Identification Guidance
Institute of Archaeology University College London 26 January, 2006 MG101 Archaeobotany in Practice A MILLET ATLAS Some Identification Guidance Illustrations by Dorian Q Fuller Some Millet fact tables
SEAWATER: AN ALTERNATIVE GRASSY WEED CONTROL METHOD FOR POST EMERGENCE HERBICIDES IN TROPICAL TURFGRASS
Genetic diversity in chestnuts of Kashmir valley Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 51(1), 153-160; 2014 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 http://www.pakjas.com.pk SEAWATER: AN ALTERNATIVE GRASSY WEED
Forage selection of sable antelope in Pilanesberg Game Reserve, South Africa
Forage selection of sable antelope in Pilanesberg Game Reserve, South Africa Hector Magome, James W. Cain III *, Norman Owen-Smith & Stephen R. Henley Centre for African Ecology, School of Animal, Plant,
AD HOC WORKING GROUP ON VARIETY DENOMINATIONS. Fifth Meeting Geneva, October 20, 2003
E WG-VD/5/3 English only DATE: October 10, 2003 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS GENEVA AD HOC WORKING GROUP ON VARIETY DENOMINATIONS Fifth Meeting Geneva, October 20,
THE IDENTIFICATION OF SOME OF THE MORE COMMON NATIVE OKLAHOMA GRASSES BY VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS
4 Oklahoma Native Plant Record THE IDENTIFICATION OF SOME OF THE MORE COMMON NATIVE OKLAHOMA GRASSES BY VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS Submitted to the Department of Botany and Plant Pathology of Oklahoma Agricultural
Bed I - Grasses. Common Name. Botanical Name. Light Color Flowers in: Ideal for: Height. Picture. Perennial, Ornamental Grass
Bed I - es Picture Amur Silver sacchariflorus to 8 ft Aster 'Wood's Blue' Aster dumosus Perennial Big Blue Stem Andropogon gerardii September 3-10 ft Big Leaf Goldenray 'Othello' Ligularia dentata Yellow
Notes on the grasses of Hawai i: New Records, Corrections, and Name Changes
17 Notes on the grasses of Hawai i: New Records, Corrections, and Name Changes DERRAL R. HERBST (Hawaii Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai i 96817, USA) & W.D. CLAYTON
Texas Chapter: Society for Ecological Restoration Intercollegiate Ecological Restoration Plant Identification Contest Master Plant List, 2015
Texas Chapter: Society for Ecological Restoration Intercollegiate Ecological Restoration Plant Identification Contest Master Plant List, 2015 # Genus Specific epithet Common Name GRASSES and GRASSLIKES:
Annual Nutritional Quality Curves for Graminoids in the Northern Plains
Annual Nutritional Quality Curves for Graminoids in the Northern Plains Report DREC 08-3014c Llewellyn L. Manske PhD Range Scientist North Dakota State University Dickinson Research Extension Center Introduction
KANSAS STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE,
EXPERIMENT STATION OF THE KANSAS STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, MANHATTAN. Bulletin No. 87 April, 1899. BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT. A. S. HITCHCOCK, M. S., Botanist. GEO. L. CLOTHIER, B. S., Assistant. NATIVE AGRICULTURAL
Major Plants of the Great Plains
Major Plants of the Great Plains Amanda Gearhart Amanda Gearhart Mike Haddock Rangelands of the North America Deserts & Semideserts Grassland & Savannas Mediterranean Deserts & Semideserts Rangelands of
Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems Publication 14. Communities on Saline Ecosites
Saskatchewan Rangeland Ecosystems Publication 14 Communities on Saline Ecosites Jeff Thorpe Saskatchewan Research Council 2014 NOTES This publication describes native grasslands and shrublands found on
Salt Tolerance Value Ranges for Selected / Example Western Reclamation and Forage Species
Salt Tolerance Value Ranges for Selected / Example Western Reclamation and Forage Species (K. Lair, unpublished data adapted and compiled from literature reviews on salinity tolerance see selected references
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES NO SEPTEMBER 2015
797 Plant Improvement Act (53/1976): Regulations relating to application of the Act: Amendment 39172 STAATSKOERANT, 4 SEPTEMBER 2015 No. 39172 13 DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES NO. 797
Report of the ISTA Proficiency Test Committee
Report of the ISTA Proficiency Test Committee Günter Müller Year of the Review 2013 Proficiency Test Committee Members Chair - Günter Müller Vice - Didier Demilly Members - Laura Carlson - Sharon Davidson
Eleusine coracana Hordeum vulgare/avena sativa Panicum miliaceum Panicum miliare Paspalum scrobiculatum...
GRAINS (Please click on the page number to go directly to the table) Eleusine coracana... 1 thaidalu (2 varieties), Finger millet (English)... 1 Hordeum vulgare/avena sativa... 2 yavvlau, Barley (English)...
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Canadian Food Inspection Agency Our Vision: To excel as a science-based regulator, trusted and respected by Canadians and the international community. Virtual Seed Identification Referee Our Mission: Dedicated
Invasive Grasses of Florida and their Native Look-alikes. FLEPPC Annual Symposium Erick Revuelta April 2017
Invasive Grasses of Florida and their Native Look-alikes FLEPPC Annual Symposium Erick Revuelta April 2017 The Grass Family (Poaceae/Gramineae) Poaceae (grasses) is the world s largest plant family, with
Using Native Grasses for Ecological Restoration. Selection, Establishment, and Maintenance of Native Cool/Warm Season Grasses
Using Native Grasses for Ecological Restoration Selection, Establishment, and Maintenance of Native Cool/Warm Season Grasses Cool vs Warm Season Grasses Cool Season (C3) growth rate highest in spring &
Diversity and Floristics of Monocots!... rushes, sedges, grasses...!
Diversity and Floristics of Monocots!... rushes, sedges, grasses...! The last group of monocots that start with spiderworts with showy flowers but no nectar and ends with grasses and sedges with reduced
Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 1 Article 17 1941 Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas Dwight M. Moore University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas
Warm-season grasses for dummies - part 1
Warm-season grasses for dummies - part 1 What is the difference between warm and cool-season grass? This is the first in a two-part series on warmseason management for golf courses. This article focuses
Forage Plant Pocket Guide
Jackson Soil and Water Conservation District Forage Plant Pocket Guide 2014 Compiled by Charlie Boyer 2 About this guide: This guide was compiled for the Jackson Soil and Water Conservation District to
TECHNICAL INFORMATION FANTASMA 12.5 EC
FITOSANITARY ACTION: Herbicide. ACTIVE INGREDIENT: Fluazifop-P-butyl ( TECHNICAL INFORMATION FANTASMA 12.5 EC FORMULATION AND CONCENTRATION: Emulsifiable concentrate MODE OF ACTION: FANTASMA 12.5 EC is
No. R September PLANT IMPROVEMENT ACT, 1976 (Act 53 of 1976) REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE APPLICATION OF ACT
No. R. 1901 12 September 1986 PLANT IMPROVEMENT ACT, 1976 (Act 53 of 1976) REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE APPLICATION OF ACT I, Gert Jeremias Kotzé, Deputy Minister of Agricultural Economics, acting on behalf
San Marcos River: Native Riparian & Littoral Habitat Restoration. Edwards Aquifer Habitat Conservation Plan Conservation Measures 5.3.8/5.4.12/5.7.
San Marcos River: Native Riparian & Littoral Habitat Restoration Edwards Aquifer Habitat Conservation Plan Conservation Measures 5.3.8/5.4.12/5.7.1 Littoral/Riparian/WQ Buffer Plant List Agarita Berberis
Flowering and germination. Ing. Agr. Mónica I. Moreno Instituto Nacional de Semillas - Argentina
Flowering and germination physiology on C4 grasses. Ing. Agr. Mónica I. Moreno Instituto Nacional de Semillas - Argentina Morphology and Flowering Plant Estructure Inflorescence Estructure Reproduction
Plant Resources of South-East Asia is a multivolume handbook that aims to summarize knowledge about useful plants for workers in education, research,
Plant Resources of South-East Asia is a multivolume handbook that aims to summarize knowledge about useful plants for workers in education, research, extension and industry. The following institutions
Veld Condition Assessment and Management. Bezuidenhoudshoek Nature Reserve. October 2013
Veld Condition Assessment and Management Bezuidenhoudshoek Nature Reserve October 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Location Bezuidenhoudshoek Game Reserve is located 3.5 km directly west of the town Middelburg, Mpumalanga.
Guide for using this checklist
Guide for using this checklist The checklist is arranged alphabetically, according to genera and species. Synonyms were taken from the main references of the PRECIS Database. The current genus and species
COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2009/97/EC
4.8.2009 Official Journal of the European Union L 202/29 COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 2009/97/EC of 3 August 2009 amending Directives 2003/90/EC and 2003/91/EC setting out implementing measures for the purposes
HIGH LINE BLOOM LIST NOVEMBER
HIGH LINE BLOOM LIST NOVEMBER BROUGHT TO YOU BY STAY CONNECTED @HIGHLINENYC Gansevoort Woodland and Tiffany & Co. Foundation Overlook Between Gansevoort and Little West th Streets Clematis virginiana virgin
The importance of cotton in world trade
Weed Mapping WG of East Mediterranean Countries Weed surveys in cotton fields in the Eastern Mediterranean countries G. Economou 1, A. Uludag 2, I. Uremis 3, D. Kalivas 1, S. Tabbache 4, I Al-Jboory 5,
Investigations of the Host Range of the Corn Cyst Nematode, Heterodera zeae, from Maryland 1
Annals of Applied Nematology 1:97-106. 1987. The Society of Nematologists 1987. Investigations of the Host Range of the Corn Cyst Nematode, Heterodera zeae, from Maryland 1 CHLOE E. RINGER, SANDRA SARDANELLI,
ASSESSMENT OF MONOCOT PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY OF UDALGURI DISTRICT, BTAD, ASSAM
ASSESSMENT OF MONOCOT PLANT SPECIES DIVERSITY OF UDALGURI DISTRICT, BTAD, ASSAM B. Daimari, S.I. Bhuyan & B.N. Baruah Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 9 th Mile, Ri-Bhoi,
Introduction to alternative grains: history and consumption in Europe
Introduction to alternative grains: history and consumption in Europe 30 November 2013 Luud JWJ Gilissen - Wageningen UR - NL Wheat since 1950s Increased monopoly of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) Large-scale
Potential of goats in the arid sweet bushveld of the Northern Province. Izak du Plessis Mara Agricultural Development Centre
Potential of goats in the arid sweet bushveld of the Northern Province Izak du Plessis Mara Agricultural Development Centre Introduction Small stock at present plays a small but important role in agriculture
COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2012/44/EU
27.11.2012 Official Journal of the European Union L 327/37 COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2012/44/EU of 26 November 2012 amending Directives 2003/90/EC and 2003/91/EC setting out implementing measures
COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2011/68/EU
2.7.2011 Official Journal of the European Union L 175/17 COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DIRECTIVE 2011/68/EU of 1 July 2011 amending Directives 2003/90/EC and 2003/91/EC setting out implementing measures for
A. TREE-OVERSTORY VEGETATION. 1. Pinus coulteri-calocedrus decurrens/quercus durata Woodland Association (photos by Jeanne Taylor and Sau San)
A. TREE-OVERSTORY VEGETATION 1. Pinus coulteri-calocedrus decurrens/quercus durata Woodland Association (photos by Jeanne Taylor and Sau San) 2. Pinus coulteri-calocedrus decurrens/rhamnus tomentella/aquilegia
ImfA A VEGETATIVE KEY TO THE GRASSES TEXAS OF ERATH COUNTY, THESIS. Presented to the Graduate Council of the. North Texas State College in Partial
ImfA A VEGETATIVE KEY TO THE GRASSES OF ERATH COUNTY, TEXAS THESIS Presented to the Graduate Council of the North Texas State College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER
Forage Identification and Use Guide
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND ENVIRONMENT, LEXINGTON, KY, 40546 AGR-175 Forage Identification and Use Guide Garry Lacefield, David Ditsch, S. Ray
Heritage Seedling, Inc. Seem Mix Prices Native Willmaette Valley Species Rev. July 2018
Heritage Seedling, Inc. Seem Mix Prices Native Willmaette Valley Secies Rev. July 2018 Uland Diversity Mixes: Note - Thermosis gracilis can be added to small mixes Uland Prairie Flowers 1 $142/lb 170,828
QuA part Gently undulating
Geomorphic category Land system Terrain Quartz sandstone QhMe Hilly dissected Hilly to rolling QuA part Gently undulating Quartzose sandstone QuA part, QrCp Rolling to gently undulating I d % > Soils Vegetation
To build a web you need a tree. Between ecological and evolutionary dynamics a fairy tale.
To build a web you need a tree. Between ecological and evolutionary dynamics a fairy tale. 2 Eat, Pray (not to be eaten), Love. Food Webs in a Romantic World. Food webs are (weighted) directed graphs Nodes
Identification of Grass Weeds in Florida Citrus1
HS955 1 Stephen H. Futch and David W. Hall2 Grass weeds commonly found in citrus can be identified by looking for specific characteristics of the plant. These specific characteristics can include, but
Assessment of weed species composition and species diversity in some fruit orchards
Albanian j. agric. sci. 2013;12( 2): 215-222 Agricultural University of Tirana RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access) Assessment of weed species composition and species diversity in some fruit orchards PATIENCE
Determination of the Weed Species Frequence and Density in Apple Orchards in Kahramanmaras Region
Academia Journal of Agricultural Research 4(): 675-690, December 06 DOI: 0.543/ajar.06.047 ISSN: 35-7739 06 Academia Publishing Research Paper Determination of the Weed Species Frequence and Density in
Germination characteristics of tropical & subtropical species Karen A. Hill Queensland Seed Technology Laboratory AUSTRALIA
Day, 13 June 2011 Agenda Point (09:15-09:45) Germination characteristics of tropical & subtropical species Karen A. Hill Queensland Seed Technology Laboratory AUSTRALIA 120 ISTA accredited seed laboratories
5 Mature plants usually less than 1 m tall go to Group 2.E 5* Mature plants usually more than 1.5 m tall go to Group 2.F
KEY TO GROUP 2 Leaves with numerous parallel veins, chiefly herbs, sometimes epiphytic, if veins obscure then plants herbaceous and often epiphytic, if woody then floral parts are in multiples of 3. (All
Native Understory Forbs and Grasses for Pollinator and Insect Utilization in Southeastern Longleaf Pine Ecosystems
Native Understory Forbs and Grasses for Pollinator and Insect Utilization in Southeastern Longleaf Pine Ecosystems USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center Americus,
Results from 2006 Resample of Permanent Vegetation Sampling Transects at Nachusa Grasslands. Changes Five Years After Baseline Sample. John B.
T E C H N I C A L R E P O R T Results from 2006 Resample of Permanent Vegetation Sampling Transects at Nachusa Grasslands Changes Five Years After Baseline Sample John B. Taft Division of Biodiversity
BIODIVERSITY OF GRASSY WEEDS AND THEIR ETHNOBOTANICAL IMPORTANCE IN DERA ISMAIL KHAN DISTRICT (D. I. KHAN), KPK, PAKISTAN
Pak. J. Bot., 44(2): 733-738, 2012. BIODIVERSITY OF GRASSY WEEDS AND THEIR ETHNOBOTANICAL IMPORTANCE IN DERA ISMAIL KHAN DISTRICT (D. I. KHAN), KPK, PAKISTAN SARFARAZ KHAN MARWAT 1*, FAZAL-UR-REHMAN 2,
Gravel or Sand (Dry)
Planting 61 Hook Larson Prairie Winter 2003/2004 This area comprises all the logged areas. Trees were removed by logging company in Dec. and all found hardwood species stumps were treated with Garlon 4.
Compatible Species List Project Area: Marchwood Transformer Station to Highway 417
Compatible Species List Project Area: Marchwood Transformer Station to Highway 417 October 2017 Glossary of Terms Compatible Vegetation: vegetation that rarely grows to a height that would interfere with
ESIA Albania Annex Field Data Sheets Flora
ESIA Albania Annex 6.2.1.6 Field Data Sheets Page 2 of 146 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.2.1.6 Field Data Sheets 3 2012 Survey Points: 3 2011 Survey Points: 100 2009 Survey Points: 144 Page 3 of 146 6.2.1.6 Field
Ethnobotany. Lecture 4
Ethnobotany. Lecture 4 Alexey Shipunov Minot State University January 16, 2013 Shipunov (MSU) Ethnobotany. Lecture 4 January 16, 2013 1 / 39 Outline 1 Main food source plants: grains Oat Rice 2 Indian
POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY
![POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY](/thumbs/72/67426093.jpg "POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY")
Plant: annuals or perennials POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY Stem: jointed stem is termed a culm internodial stem most often hollow but always solid at node, mostly round, some with stolons (creeping
Our commitment to our customers
Our commitment to our customers As a key player in Canada s food and agriculture industry, we are keenly aware of the trust placed in us to provide quality product that will contribute to the successes
Agrostis stolonifera L. Creeping Bentgrass
Agrostis stolonifera L. Creeping Bentgrass Plant: Agrostis stolonifera is an introduced species that grows to 60 cm tall. It is a perennial with stolons, and a large, open but narrowed flowerhead. Leaves
Identification of Grass Weeds Commonly Found in Agronomic Crops in Nebraska
EC3020 Identification of Grass Weeds Commonly Found in Agronomic Crops in Nebraska Debalin Sarangi, Weed Science Postdoctoral Research Associate Amit J. Jhala, Extension Weed Management Specialist This
Recommended citation format CHAPANO, C A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 16. Pretoria.
Recommended citation format CHAPANO, C. 02.. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No.. Pretoria. Produced by National Herbarium & Botanic Garden Box A889 Avondale Harare Tel: 263-4-7440/745230/708938
The Rural Text Book Series
The Rural Text Book Series EDITED BY L. H. BAILEY A TEXT-BOOK OF GRASSES The Rural Text-Book Series EDITED BY L. H. BAILEY MANN, BEGINNINGS IN AGRICULTURE WARREN, ELEMENTS OF AGRICULTURE WARREN, FARM MANAGEMENT
Comparative analysis of genetic diversity of 8 millet genera revealed by ISSR markers
Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 2015. 27(8): 617-628 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2015.04.077 http://www.ejfa.me/ REGULAR ARTICLE Comparative analysis of genetic diversity of 8 millet genera revealed by
GBASSES OF BRITISH GUIANA. By A. S. Hitchcock. In the fall of 1919 I visited British Guiana for the purpose of
GBASSES OF BRITISH GUIANA. By A. S. Hitchcock. INTRODUCTION. In the fall of 1919 I visited British Guiana for the purpose of collecting and studying its flora, especially the grasses. The itiner- ary has
Grassland Gardens Nursery & Flower Farm 1739 Camp Rd. Miltonvale, KS Web:
Grassland Gardens Nursery & Flower Farm 1739 Camp Rd. Miltonvale, KS 67466 785-427-2438 Web: http://www.grasslandgardens.com GRASSLAND GARDENS ORNAMENTAL GRASS LIST GG = Grassland Gardens experience growing
Dahms 2000 Restoration Mean FQI
Plant Community Results from The Nature Conservancy s Dahms 2 Prairie Restoration By Chris Helzer (Location is the Central Platte River, Nebraska. Latitude 4.728787 Longitude -98.583755) This 69 acre former
Cerro Gordo, IL Phone: Spring 2015 Native Seed Price Guide Februray 2, 2015
Cerro Gordo, IL Phone: 217-677-2131 Spring 2015 Native Seed Price Guide Februray 2, 2015 NATIVE GRASSES Scientific Name Common Name Achnatherum hymenoides Indian Rice Grass $ 14.00 Agropyron smithii Western
Lockport Prairie Section 206 Appendix J Habitat Assessment
Lockport Prairie Section 206 Appendix J Habitat Assessment Appendix J Habitat Assessment Results The following information are lists of plant species per community type that has been used to calculate