Acer negundo Boxelder Aceraceae

Transcription

1 Acer negundo Boxelder Aceraceae

2 Habitat native to North America: most common in the Mississippi Valley, but range extends from New York State and southern Canada to the eastern foothills of the Rockies occurs natively on stream banks, edges of swamps and lake shores zone 2 Habit and Form a medium shade tree deciduous irregular, spreading upright crown 30 ' to 60' tall coarse texture extremely fast-growing, especially when young

3 Summer Foliage opposite, pinnatelycompound leaves with 3 to 9 leaflets, each leaflet 2" to 4" long; petiole 2" to3" long light green color above, gray-green below Autumn Foliage one of the earliest maples to color yellow-green to very pale yellow, often brownish not very ornamental

4 Fruit samara, set in pairs at a narrow angle September to October profuse; persist into winter Bark gray-brown, ordinary-looking slightly ridged d new shoots have a waxy bloom and appear blue or white mixed with green Culture transplants easily performs well on poor, wet or dry sites, in areas or soils of extreme ph levels; withstands flooding

5 Landscape Uses an "alley cat" tree often used in shelterbelt plantings in the Northwest has possibilities on difficult sites and areas that flood seasonally huge flocks of migratory birds (Evening Grosbeak, Cedar Waxwing) usually strip all seeds from this tree as they pass through Liabilities susceptible to a wide range of diseases and insect pests: leaf spot diseases (anthracnose can be extreme in rainy weather); cankers, sapstreak and trunk decay; caterpillars (including forest tent caterpillar, green striped maple worms; boxelder bug; assorted leafhoppers, borers, mites, aphids and scales. Trunks can "weep" from internal decay for 15 years or more before the tree disintegrates in a storm. seeds germinate well, creating a weed problem weak wood breaks easily in storms a short-lived tree

6 ID Features pinnately compound leaves resemble those of Fraxinus,but leaflets are irregularly shaped green twigs with reddish brown upper surface have waxy bloom that can be rubbed off broken twig has a strong, acrid smell buds covered with silky white hairs white, solid pith in twigs Propagation by seed softwood cuttings root easily; useful for cultivars

7 Cultivars/Varieties Auratum - A fine form with intense yellow leaves. Color may fade in areas with hot, humid summers. Flamingo - A highly promoted cultivar with mature leaves that resemble 'Variegatum'. The new growth, however, emerges bright pink for an interesting effect in spring. This effect can be enhanced by pruning the plant to promote vigorous shoot extensions. Kelly's Gold - Another form with bright gold leaves often sold by specialty catalogs. 'Variegatum) - ' Silver Leaf Boxelder) - A noteworthy small, variegated tree. Leaves have a broad, white margin; fruits also variegated. Can throw a green or totally white shoot on occasion, so prune these out. A female clone. Best in zone 5 or warmer. 'Violaceum - ' Selected to capitalize on the attractive, glaucous waxy coating on the youg branches of this species. This form features young shoots that are deep purple with a pronounced bloomy coating. Otherwise similar to the species.

8 'Variegatum) - ' Silver Leaf Boxelder (

9 Habitat hedgerow tree native to Europe, Near East and Africa a common hedgerow tree in southern England, preferring more alkaline sites there zone 5 (possibly 4 ( Habit and Form small to medium tree deciduous very round crown, densely branched 25 ' to 35' tall often branches very low to the ground medium texture resembles a miniature Acer platanoides in habit and form Acer campestre Hedge Maple Aceraceae

10 Summer Foliage opposite, 3- to 5-lobed leaves, 2" to 4" wide uniform dark green color Autumn Foliage colors late (end of October), with Acer platanoides can be a good, uniform yellow color Flowers blooms in May small, yellow-green flowers in clusters

11 Fruit samaras, 1.25" to 1.75 " nutlet often pubescent pairs of samaras join to form a nearly straight line Bark greyish-black shallow ridges and furrows resembles that of Acer platanoides Culture adaptable to many soils, including very alkaline, very acid, dry or compacted sites withstands air pollution tolerates heavy pruning easily transplanted tolerates urban conditions Landscape Uses excellent for residential areas as a lawn tree can be pruned into a hedge (a common use in Europe ( a good choice for urban sites warrants greater use in the landscape

12 Propagation by seed Cultivars/Varieties None are common in the trade, but several are occasionally seen. Several have colored leaves, including' Pulverentum 'with variegated foliage ', Postelense 'with leaves that emerge yellow and mature to green, and ' Schwerinii 'with new purple foliage that turns green. Selections with variation in form are more common, with 'Compactum) ' also known as ' Nanum (' assuming the proportions of an attractive dense shrub only perhaps 6' tall.

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14 Aesculus hippocastanum Common Horsechestnut, European Horsechestnut Hippocastanaceae Habitat native to Greece and Albania found in mountainous regions zone 3 commonly cultivated throughout temperate zones Habit and Form Habit and Form a large, deciduous flowering tree texture is medium to coarse commonly 50' to 75' tall, but 100' specimens are possible upright-oval to rounded form almost all specimens I observed were taller than they were broad lower branches hang down with branch tips turning upward

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16 Summer Foliage opposite, palmately-compound p with 7 leaflets each leaflet is 4" to 10" long and obovate with an acuminate tip leaves are light green as they unfold and turn dark green at maturity veins are impressed in the leaflets making them appear corrugated leafs out early

17 Autumn Foliage poor yellow or just brown often leaves are so scorched and blotched that good fall color is not possible Flowers very showy, reaching a peak in mid-may white with a blotch of yellow and red color at the base terminal panicles, 5" to 12" long and 2 to 5" wide

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19 Fruit " 2to 2.5" diameter capsules with 1 or 2 seeds has a dehiscent, spiny husk, light brown in color matures in September and October kids love to collect up the seeds and use them as they see fit

20 Bark exfoliates in plates on older branches and the trunk to reveal showy orange bark underneath most of the bark is dark gray and brown interesting feature

21 Culture full sun is best prefers a roomy soil that is moist, but well-drained, but fairly soil adaptable transplant B&B or from container avoid hot, dry locations to minimize leaf scorch and other problems Landscape Use good in parks, on campuses, in arboreta, large public areas, golf courses, etc. needs room to develop growth somewhat overused in parts of the eastern United States good for shade and also decoration (flowers ( Liabilities there is a tendency to overuse this species fruits can be messy large and cannot be used at small residences leaf scorch and blotch can be serious problems and occur to some degree nearly every year powdery mildew young leaves and fruit are considered poisonous

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23 ID Features large, resinous buds, reddish brown large, 7-leaflet, palmately-compound leaves leaves have impressed veins fruits are the most spiny of all Aesculus Propagation by seed cultivars are grafted Cultivars/Varieties 'Baumannii - ' Rather impressive form that has double white flowers. The double flowers last longer than single flowers and do not produce fruit. No fruit litter mess and dtherefore a good dimprovement over the species.

24 Tilia americana American Linden, Basswood Tiliaceae Special Note :This species now includes plants labeled as Tilia heterophylla and its cultivars Habitat native to eastern North America zone 4

25 Habit and Form shape is oval to irregular branching is spreading, arching or irregular grow to around 70' tall a medium to large deciduous tree trunks are usually quite straight

26 Summer Foliage deciduous alternate leaf arrangement " 4to 8" long broad heart shape cordate or oblique leaf base short acuminate tip serrate margin dark green above, pale green or silvery underneath

27 Autumn Foliage poor fall color green or yellowish late season foliage can develop a brown cast

28 Flowers small creamy white flowers blooms in late June to early July fragrant attractive to bees held in loose drooping clusters with a yellow-green leaf-like bract Fruit " 0.2to 0.3" in diameter whitish yellow rounded fuzzy nutlet held in clusters

29 Bark gray-brown color distinctive long, flat-topped topped ridges

30 Culture full sun to light shade prefers moist, fertile, deep soils tolerant of difficult, dry or heavy soils easily transplanted prune to remove basal sprouts Landscape Uses shade tree lawn tree naturalistic areas Liabilities attracts bees when in bloom tends to form basal suckers that require removal somewhat coarse texture t Japanese beetle damage to foliage several potentially troublesome insects including aphids, borers, beetles, leafminer and scales

31 ID Features large heart-shaped leaves with cordate of oblique bases medium to large tree straight trunk buds usually red and stems are gray or red/green branching sparser than other Lindens

32 Propagation by seed cultivars mostly by bud grafting cuttings can be rooted Cultivars/Varieties Included here are cultivars of Tilia americana and forms previously listed under T. heterophylla,which is currently considered to be the same as T. americana. 'Bailyard) ' Frontyard, similar to ' Fastigiata - (' A symmetrical grower, this pyramidal-rounded selection will reach 75' tall and 40' wide. 'Bailyard) ' Frontyard, similar to ' Fastigiata - (' A symmetrical grower, this pyramidal-rounded selection will reach 75' tall and 40' wide. 'Boulevard - ' A tailor-made stree tree, this plant grows to 60' tall but has limited spread (perhaps 30') due to its pyramidal growth habit with upright branches. The summer foliage is middle green with yellow fall color. 'Continental Appeal - ' Previously included as a cultivar of Tilia heterophylla,this plant has a wide, dense crown supported by narrow, ascending branches. Thus, it is much taller than wide. The leaves have attractive silvery undersides, plus the tree is easily grown and tolerates poor environmental conditions.

33 Habitat native to central China zone 6 Habit and Form grows to 6' to 8' tall and 4' to 6' wide upright, but dense and twiggy opens at the base with age an evergreen shrub Berberis julianae Wintergreen Barberry Berberidaceae Summer Foliage evergreen, leathery leaves dark green, shiny and heavily-spined leaves are 2" to 4" long; 0.5" wide alternate arrangement, but often in "whorl-like" appearance clusters at the nodes Autumn Foliage evergreen, but develops a bronze or wine color in the fall and winter months

34 Flowers yellow and small, but somewhat showy typically abundant blooms in April and May Fruit bluish-black berries in fall inconspicuous Bark yellowish-brown three spines at the nodes; 0.5" to 1.25" long Culture easily transplanted prefers moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soils full sun is best or light shade tolerant of pruning, but looks best with natural growth periodic rejuvenation pruning can be employed

35 Landscape Use borders and hedges for high quality foliage mass plantings possibly as a specimen barrier due to thorniness site out of sweeping winds Liabilities although maybe the hardiest of the evergreen barberries, it can still suffer significant leaf loss and burn due to winter desiccation large thorns and spiny leaves make the plant difficult to manage avoid use where small children will be present collects litter and leaves around the base ID Features large, spiny, evergreen, shiny leaves large, three-branched spines at nodes yellow-brown bark on stems yellow flowers in spring bluish-black fruit in fall Propagation by cuttings, either in summer or fall cuttings root easily, but must not be allowed to remain wet following rooting also by seed

36 Cultivars/Varieties 'Compactum - ' More compact and lower growing than the species. Up to around 5' tall. 'Nana - ' Another compact form. Grows to 3' to 4' tall, forming a dense mound. Not easy to locate in commerce. 'Spring Glory ) ' also listed as 'Webberi 'and' Webb - (' New growth is tinted red. Probably has better than average winter coloration as well.

37 Mahonia aquifolium Oregon Grapeholly Berberidaceae

38 Habitat native to British Columbia south to Oregon; Pacific Northwest zone 5 and protected sites in 4 Habit and Form a broadleaf evergreen irregular branching with upright to spreading habit shoots are thick and branch infrequently stoloniferons and colonizing i typically 3' to 6' tall with similar spread slow growing coarse texture

39 Summer Foliage alternate leaf arrangement pinnately compound, evergreen leaves leaflets attach directly to the rachis leaflets spiny foliage (leaflets) resembles that of English Holly dark glossy green color new growth emerges reddish or bronze leaves are 6" to 12" long, with 7 to 12 leaflets

40 Autumn Foliage evergreen foliage turns purple-bronze in winter Flowers blooms in April to early May yellow flowers in 2" to 3" long racemes flower clusters most numerous toward the shoot tips can be quite showy

41 Fruit fruits held in clusters change from green to blue-black in late summer common name refers to fruit resemblance to grape clusters and because it is native to Oregon individual fruit are 0.3" to 0.5" in diameter

42 Bark gray-brown color not of ornamental importance Culture prefers partial shade avoid high ph soils prefers moist, organic, acid, cool soils hot, dry sites are not tolerated well keep out of windswept sites Landscape Use foundation plant mass plantings shrub border mixes well with other broadleaf evergreens useful in shady spots desirable for spring bloom, high quality summer foliage and blue fruit in fall

43 Liabilities very susceptible to foliar desiccation in winter leaf/burn leaf drop is likely in sunny windswept sites chlorosis on high ph soils plants can look like they were hit with a flame thrower, yet the stems are fine and releaf in spring

44 ID Features evergreen, pinnately compound leaves, alternate arrangement inner yellow bark leaves spiny, shiny dark green yellow spring flowers in clusters blue-black fruit leaf base partially encircles stems stems coarse, lightly branched purple bronze winter foliage reddish new growth winter desiccation injury often present Propagation opagat o stratified seed cuttings division

45 Cultivars/Varieties 'Compactum - 'R Representing the only cultivar commonly offered in the trade, this plant usually reaches only 3' tall. The leaves are glossy green, bronze in winter. More than one clone may be found under this name, as some plants are upright shrubs, whereas others are stoloniferous and rarely bloom. Other dwarf forms include ' Apollo,' 'Donnewell',' Forescate 'and' Moseri ) ' a M. x wagneri selection.( 'King's Ransom - ' Perhaps a hybrid selection, this cultivar has increased in popularity. It is an upright grower (to 5' tall) with blue-green foliage that turns bronzy purple in winter. 'Smaragd) ' also known as ' Emerald - (' This is considered a very fine selection, as its lustrous deep green leaves turn bronze-purple in winter. It blooms heavily all along the stems and grows into a medium-sized shrub to 4' tall.

46 Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian-olive Elaeagnaceae

47 Habitat native to southern Europe through the Himalayas hardy to zone 2 Habit and Form Habit and Form a deciduous large shrub or tree over 15' tall and widespreading rounded habit fast growth rate fine to medium texture

48 Summer Foliage alternate, deciduous leaves simple leaves linear to lanceolate leaf shape ' 1.5to 3" long dull green to gray green leaf color silvery underside entire leaf margin Autumn Foliage no fall color Flowers silvery white flowers small, but abundant blooms in May foliage tend to cover flowers fragrant

49 Fruit drupe-like yellow fruit " 0.5long fruit is covered with silver scales matures in September edible Bark silvery, thin stems thorns sometimes present covered in scales grayish-brown older bark Culture easily transplanted salt tolerant very tough and adaptable full sun prune tolerant t

50 Landscape Use for silvery foliage hedge or screen seacoast or highways for durability Liabilities thorns sometimes present leaf spot, canker, aphids verticillium ID Features small, sessile, solitary, conical buds suckers / invasive alternate leaf arrangement brown lenticels cover every part of plant silvery look to foliage, fruit and flowers yellow fruit

51 Propagation by seed by tissue culture Cultivars/Varieties The only cultivars available are selected clones with better fruiting. Among them is 'Red King', with deep red fruits.

52 Prunus laurocerasus Common Cherrylaurel, English Laurel Rosaceae

53 Habitat native to Asia minor hardy to zone 6 Habit and Form an evergreen small tree or large shrub ' 10to 18' tall ' 25to 30' wide dense, rounded form medium texture moderate growth rate

54 Summer Foliage alternate leaf arrangement simple, evergreen leaves " 2to 6" long leaf width in half the length obovate leaf shape minutely serrated leaf margins dark green leaf color 1to 2 pairs of glands on leaf base Autumn Foliage no fall color Flowers white flowers blooms in late April flowers borne in racemes, 2" to 5" long fragrant

55 Fruit black drupe " 0.5long matures in mid-summer Bark reddish brown smooth Culture transplant from B&B or container prefers moist, well-drained soil with organic matter full sun to part shade prune tolerant Landscape Use hedge specimen massing or grouping for shade planting

56 Liabilities relatively pest free for Prunus sp. ID Features small, evergreen tree alternate leaf arrangement serrate leaf margins buds are sessile and globose, 6 exposed scales 1to 2 pairs of glands on leaf base white flowers, fragrant black fruit Propagation by cuttings by seed

57 Cultivars/Varieties 'Magnoliifolia) ' also listed as ' Latifolia ',' Macrophylla ' and ' Magnifolia - (' A very large-growing form to 25' tall, this selection bears large foliage (to 12" long) that resembles Magnolia grandiflora and is lustrous dark green. The plant may be trained into a tree. 'Marbled Dragon ) ' probably the same as ' Marbled White 'and 'Castlewellan - (' This is a variegated form bearing irregular blotches and mottlings of white on the leaves. It is a smaller-growing plant '. Variegata ' probably represents several other variegated selections with whiteblotched and mottled leaves.

58 Philadelphus coronarius Sweet Mockorange Saxifragaceae

59 Habitat native to southern Europe hardy to zone 4 Habit and Form a deciduous shrub multistemmed ' 8to 10' tall or larger rounded shape stiff, upright, branches that spread and arch over somewhat becomes leggy and open at base with age

60 Summer Foliage opposite, simple leaves " to 3.2" long " 0.5to 1.5" wide very slight teeth along the margins dark green or medium green color wide leaf spacing along stem Autumn Foliage poor leaves fall green or yellowish-green

61 Flowers white -4petaled fragrant stamens yellow ' 1to 1.5" across in 5 to 7-flowered clusters bloom time is late May to early June

62 Fruit a persistent capsule -4valved Bark exfoliating in strips orange or reddish brown Culture full sun is best; light shade tolerated easily transplanted and established soil and ph adaptable prefers moist, well-drained soils high in organic matter may benefit from occasional rejuvenation pruning

63 Landscape Use shrub borders screen ( in full sun with pruning ( for fragrant flowers older-single-flowered forms more fragrant than new hybrids Liabilities aphids canker leaf spot needs rejuvenation pruning or pruning for shaping leaf miners no disease or insect is particularly l problematic ID Features petaled fragrant flowers-4 exfoliating reddish or orange bark persistent 4-valved capsule opposite leaf scars with buds hidden beneath the leaf scars

64 Propagation by cuttings by seed Cultivars/Varieties 'Aurens - ' This form has yellow foliage that matures in summer to yellowgreen. The flowers are single and the plant probably is not as cold-hardy as the species. 'Nanus) ' also known as ' Pumilus - (' Perhaps an umbrella name for a number of dwarf forms, this plant is a dense, dwarf grower to 4' tall. The foliage is deep green and the plant flowers less profusely than the species. 'Variegatus - ' A handsome variegated plant, this selection features leaves attractively edged with creamy white. It does not grow as vigorously or large as the the species.

65 Viburnum rhytidophyllum Leatherleaf Viburnum Caprifoliaceae

66 Habitat native to central and western China hardy to zone 5 Habit and Form a large, evergreen shrub multistemmed reaching 10' to 15' tall or taller width is similar to height upright habit shrub opens with age coarse texture medium growth rate

67 Summer Foliage opposite, simple leaves evergreen lanceolate leaf shape " 3to 7" long rounded leaf base and pointed apex entire leaf margin lush dark green leaf color rough textured leaf tomentose vegetative buds are naked

68 Autumn Foliage no fall color Flowers yellowish-white white flowers blooms mid-may " 4to 8" rounded clusters showy fragrant

69 Fruit red maturing to black drupes drupe is oval in shape ripens in September each fruit cluster can display all colors at the same time quite showy in fruit best fruiting occurs when several clones are planted together Bark light gray brown tomentose

70 Culture prefers well-drained soil protect from wind tolerant of shade easily transplanted and established prune tolerant Landscape Use mass plantings for evergreen leaves for coarse texture background useful for flowers and fruit to attract birds

71 Liabilities few serious insect or disease problems ID Features naked, fuzzy buds large evergreen leaves large clustered flower buds large naked vegetative buds opposite, lanceolate, simple leaves smooth leaf margin coarse, stout branching

72 Propagation by cuttings by seed Cultivars/Varieties 'Cree - ' This form has smaller leaves than the species (to 6" long) and may be slightly more cold hardy. It flowers abundantly and may represent a slight improvement over the species. 'Roseum - ' The only notable feature of this selection are the pink flower buds that open to flowers that are as per the species. Other features are the same, as well. 'Variegatum - 'A A novelty for the collector, this plant is seldom offered and notable only for the irregular splashes of creamy white on some of the leaves. The effect is inconsistent and the plant frequently reverts to green growth.

73 Deutzia scabra Fuzzy Deutzia Saxifragaceae

74 Habitat native to Japan and China zone 5 Habit and Form medium-sized, deciduous shrub tall linear shape ' 8to 10' high ' 4to 8' wide arching branches give a loose open appearance coarse texture medium growth rate

75 Summer Foliage deciduous, simple leaves opposite leaf arrangement lanceolate leaf shape with crenate margins " 2to 4" long and no more than 2' wide leaf base is rounded dull olive-green leaf color leaves are pubescent, giving leaves a rough surface Autumn Foliage no fall color

76 Flowers pure white flowers ' 0.5to 0.75" in diameter flowers re borne in a panicle that is 3" to 6" long blooms after D. gracilis blooms early June

77 Fruit dry brown capsules borne in panicles cup shaped with hairs coming from opening held through winter

78 Bark brown bark peeling young stems are pubescent Culture easily transplanted prefers well-drained soil full sun prune after flowering ph adaptable renewal pruning is effective Landscape Use foundation planting mass or group flowering effect shrub border for texture

79 Liabilities leaf spot aphids leaf minor can look unkempt and need renewal pruning ID Features medium-sized, linear deciduous shrub opposite leaf arrangement unequal serrated leaf margins white flowers in June interesting cup-like fruit

80 Propagation by softwood cuttings by seed Cultivars/Varieties Various double-flowered forms exist, including ' Candidissima 'with white blooms ' ; Godsall Pink ) ' also listed as ' Codsall Pink (' with light pink flowers ; 'Flore-pleno 'with white blooms tinged pink; and ' Pride of Rochester 'with light pink flowers. 'Pink Minor - ' This plant has pink flowers and a dwarf growth habit, to 3' tall. 'Rosea - ' This is a selection with single, clear rose-colored flowers.

81 Lonicera fragrantissima Winter Honeysuckle Caprifoliaceae

82 Habitat native to eastern China hardy to zone 4 Habit and Form widespreading, deciduous shrub irregular, rounded form up to 10' tall, with and equal or greater width medium texture fast growth rate

83 Summer Foliage opposite, simple leaves simple, deciduous leaves elliptic leaf shape " 1to 3" long dull blue-green leaf color

84 Autumn Foliage no fall color leaves drop green Flowers creamy, white flowers fragrant, lemon-scented blooms in early spring not showy Fruit deep red berries " in diameter matures in mid-summer

85 Bark glabrous, slender reddish brown to purplish stems flaking twiggy habit Culture easy to grow easily transplanted prefers loamy, well-drained, moist soil full sun to partial shade prune after flowering Landscape Use barrier screen or hedge massing or grouping for fragrance of flowers

86 Liabilities powdery mildew leaf spot fall webworms ID Features imbricate, sessile buds, somewhat pubescent buds have 4 ranked scales lemon-scented flowers opposite leaf arrangement small red fruit no fall color Propagation by cuttings by seed Cultivars/Varieties none

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