Thuja occidentalis (CUPRESSACEAE) American arborvitae E. North America Leaves Cones Other No markings on underside of leaves. Leaves on main axis conspicuously glandular Usually dull green above Very small cone, wooden rose Ovoid or oblong Monoecious 5-7 (9) cone scales Trees w/stout buttressed trunk Very slow growing, short growth node (few inches) Cultivar Pyramidalis is a very common hedge plant "Occidentalis" means western, even though it is native to east NA Juglans nigra (JUGLANDACEAE) walnut Central and Eastern U.S. Alternate Pinnately compound 12-24" long with 10 to 24 leaflets Poorly formed or missing terminal leaflet Margins serrate Monoecious Males in catkins Females in terminal racemes near end of twigs Sepals 4 Styles 2, feathery looking Wind pollinated Indehiscent nut w/thick husk Tree to 100 ft Stout twigs w/chambered piths Trunk straight Bark with deep furrows with a rough diamond pattern Chemicals in leaf litter may be harmful to other plants Page 1 of 7
Fraxinus (OLEACEAE) ash Europe, Asia, N. America Opposite and pinnately compound. Perfect or imperfect. In dense or elongated panicles, located in leaf axils or terminally. Green or white. Sepals 4 (or none), fused at base. Petals usually 4 (can be 2 6 or none), fused at base. Stamens 2. Style w/ 2 stigmas. Ovary superior. Wind pollinated or insect pollinated. Single Samara Trees to 125 ft or shrubs.. Two groups: one with small flowers that appear before leaves (common ash), the other with large white sprays of fragrant flowers that appear after the leaves (flowering ash) example: Fraxinus ornus. Emerald Ash Borer is an insect recently introduced into the upper Midwest from Europe. It is spreading and is a serious pest to this genus. Some ashes such as Fraxinus oxycarpa 'Raywood' are common street trees Sorbus (ROSACEAE) mountain ash N. temperate regions Alternate Pinnately compound or simple (lobed or coarsely serrate if simple) Stipules Infl flat-topped compound terminal clusters (corymbs) w/many flws White 5 merous, Stamens 15-20 -Purple pollen Styles 5 Fleshy pome, usually orange red, but also white or pink shrub or tree to 60 Insect pollinated Sorbus aucuparia is the most common in this area, somewhat invasive Sorbus sitchensis is native, at higher altitudes Page 2 of 7
Sorbus aucuparia (ROSACEAE) rowan or European mountain ash Europe Alternate Pinnately compound ¾-2½ long 9-15 pairs lflts Dull green above Oblong lanceolate Serrate (entire on lower part of leaflet) Infl compound terminal corymbs, 3-5 flat topped White 5 merous Stamens 15-20 Bad smelling Red, fleshy pome Shiny, 20-40 ft Spread is 2/3 height Light grayish brown bark Somewhat invasive Bird-dispersed fruits - aucuparia means birdcatching! Philadelphus (HYDRANGEACEAE) mock-orange E. Europe to Himalayas, E. Asia &N.&C. America Opposite, simple Entire, serrulate or dentate 3-5 veined from base Pubescent Infl terminal branched clusters (racemes) or solitary 4-merous, Many stamens White or creamy w/pink spot at base of petal Inferior ovary Fragrant 4-valved woody capsule or evergreen shrub or tree to 15 ft Curving and drooping branches ~ flaky bark ~ climbing P. lewisii is native and the state flower of Idaho Philadelphus means to love one s brother or sister Quercus suber (FAGACEAE) cork oak W. Mediterranean, N. Africa Alternate, simple Ovate to ovate-oblong Undulating margin 1-2½ long Rounded or subcordate at base 4-5 pairs short teeth Dark green above, Grayish under Petioles ½-3/4 long Catkins Acorn, ovoid-oblong Involucre w/elongated scales Short stalked Evergreen tree to 60 ft Bark thick & corky Deeply furrowed Brlts yellow-tomentose The source of cork for wine bottles, bulletin boards, floors, etc. Quercus suber, for the brewer refers to the cork bark, used to cap bottles Page 3 of 7
Magnolia wilsonii (MAGNOLIACEAE) Wilson s magnolia W. China Narrowly ovate soft leaves White, cup shaped flowers Pendulous, downward facing Crimson-purple stamens Lightly fragrant Follicle Pink covering to seeds Large spreading shrub to small tree to 25 ft Taller tree than M. sieboldii, to which it is closely related. Except for one subspecies M. sieboldii does not have downward flowers - they are more horizontal Magnolia sieboldii (MAGNOLIACEAE) Oyama magnolia Asia Alternate, simple Oblong or obovate-oblong 3-6 long, 3-4 wide Obtusely pointed Medium dark green above Whitish & hairy below 7-9 vein pairs Flws cuplike, held horizontal or slightly downward on 1-2 ½ long pedicles White tepals 9-12 Stamens pink to dark crimson 3-4 diameter when open Follicles Seed inside red aril Large spreading shrub or small tree, 10-15 ft tall May flower sporadically throughout the year Smaller than M. wilsonii, flowers are smaller, and they are not strongly pendant, leaves not as soft Trochodendron aralioides (TROCHODENDRACEAE) wheel tree Japan, Korea, Taiwan Crowded at the end of branches, ~ whorled Lvs. rhombic-obovate, shiny Shiny 3-5" long Crenate-serrate (not at base) Petiole ~ ½ length of blade Acuminate tip, long curved Infl branched upright w/long stalks (racemes) No perianth Stamens arranged in wheellike frame (40-70 in 3-4 whorls) Carpels (6-8) each w/1 stigma Flws bright green Capsule Evergreen tree typically ~30 ft Spreading branches Stem green year-round Often red spots on leaves after cold winters Flws in April-May "Trochodendron" means wheel tree Page 4 of 7
Vaccinium parvifolium (ERICACEAE) red huckleberry W. coast of North America Oval Entire Small urn-shaped flowers Greenish-yellow to pink Lobes reflexed Single in leaf axils Bright red berry w/multiple seeds Shrub to 12 ft Branches strongly angled with ridges parvifolium: small leaved PNW native Acer palmatum (SAPINDACEAE) Japanese maple China, Korea, Japan 5-9 palmately lobed Lobes deep (goes beyond middle of leaf some way beyond), in some cvs lobes overlap Lobes oblong-lanceolate Doubly serrate Infl clusters (corymbs) Flws red or purple Dioecious Infl Coymb w/6-20 flws Sepals, petals 5 Stamens 2 Styles 2 Schizocarp - double samara No hairs Small deciduous tree Leaf color and degree of lobe depth high variable among the hundreds of cultivars Hydrangea petiolaris (HYDRANGEACEAE) Russia, Korea, Taiwan, Japan Opposite, Simple Serrate Ovate-cordate (broad) (2-4' long, 1-4" wide) Under paler w/tufts of hairs Base cordate or rounded acuminate tip Long petioles (2-3 ) Infl large cluster on central stem (cyme) (6-10 diameter) Two different kinds of flowers (showy sterile flws or 3-5 sepals on margin of cyme with a long pedicel and small fertile central flws with a short pedicel) Flws white On sterile flowers, the enlarged caylx lobe ~ toothed Page 5 of 7 Capsule Climbing shrub w/aerial roots "petiolaris" refers to the long petioles
Stamens 15-20 Kolkwitzia amabilis (CAPRIFOLIACEAE) beauty bush China Opposite, Simple Broadly ovate Shallowly serrate Ciliate Infl terminal pairs on short branches 5 sepals, persistent on hairy ovary/fruit Petals 5, forming a 2-lipped campanulate corolla Pink w/yellow or orange in throat Stamens 4, in 2 pairs Style 1 Styrax obassia (STYRACACEAE) fragrant snowbell Japan 2-seeded capsules with hairy bracts Ovoid, about ¼ long Ovate to obovate-orbicular Large (3-8 long and up to as wide) Acuminate/mucronate apex Rounded base Serrate margins White hairy beneath Racemes (4-8 long) Fls w/white petals (6) Flowers hang down from horizontal raceme under leaves Many stamens 3-5 carpels, fused w/ 3-5 stigma lobes Fragrant Pterocarya (JUGLANDACEAE) wingnut Asia Ovoid, pubescent drupe Alternate, Pinnately compound 8-18 long, 7-27 3-5 long dark green leaflets Sharply Serrate Pubescence in the leaf axils and along the lower midrib Monoecious Male: 5 long green catkins Female: 20 long catkin like Large winged nut that hangs on a pendulous 12-20 long spike Green but turns to brown as it matures shrub to 12 ft Many flowers in late spring Only species in the genus "Kolkwitzia" is the name of a person, amabilis means lovely Small deciduous tree 20-30 ft tall Horizontally spreading branches Branches pubescent when young tree 30-50 Excellent summer foliage which is affected little by insects and diseases. Yellow-green Fall Color Broad spreading, often with several stems near the base due to a high tendency to sucker. Not commonly used Page 6 of 7
A Helpful Table Hydrangea Viburnum Cornus Usually deciduous or evergreen Leaf arrangement Opposite Opposite Opposite Leaf margin Entire or serrate Entire, may be dentate or serrate Entire Leaf veins Pinnate Pinnate Arcuate Inflorescence Terminal (or axillary) clusters Terminal panicles or cymes Terminal panicles or cymes Sepals 4 or 5 4 5 Petals 4 or 5 4 5 Style 2-5 1 1 Ovary position Inferior Inferior Inferior Sterile flowers Sometimes, marginal or may be whole inflorescence Sometimes, marginal or may be all Origin of sterile flowers Enlarged sepals Enlarged corolla lobes Fruit Capsule Drupe (1 seeded) Drupe (2-seeded) No, but may be subtended by bracts Page 7 of 7