FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS ECONOMICS 110 Semester test 1 14 March 2008 Total: 50 marks Time: 60 minutes

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FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS ECONOMICS 110 Semester test 1 14 March 2008 Total: 50 marks Time: 60 minutes Internal examiners: Mr CJ Lotter Mr R de Lange Mr FJ Scholtz Mr R Seymore Ms KL Thompson Mr M Meiring Consultant examiner: Mr J Janse van Rensburg QUESTION 1 - Multiple choice questions Answer the following questions by only writing the question number and the correct alternative in your script. Eg.1.8 g. Note that each question has only one correct answer. 1.1 Imports into the economy represent a(n) a. injection into the circular flow of goods and services. b. leakage from the circular flow of goods and services. c. both a leakage from and an injection into the circular flow of goods and services. d. injection into the flow of goods only. e. leakage from the flow of goods only. 1.2 A public company may not have fewer than: a. 3 shareholders. b. 4 shareholders. c. 5 shareholders. d. 6 shareholders. e. 7 shareholders. 1.3 In the equation Y = C + I + G + X Z, Z is defined as: a. Government expenditure. b. Exports. c. Imports. d. Consumer expenditure. e. Investment. 1.4 GDP = a. C + G + I b. C + G + I + X Z c. NX d. C + G +I S + X e. C + G + I + X + Z 1

1.5 GDP is a. The total value of all intermediary goods and services produced in one year within the geographical borders of a country. b. The total value of all final goods and services produced in one year within the geographical borders of a country. c. The total value of all final services produced in one year within the geographical borders of a country. d. The total value of all final goods and services produced in one year within and outside the geographical borders of a country. e. The total value of all final goods and services produced in one year by the citizens of a country. 1.6 If there is an increase in the price of DVDs, a substitute in production for CDs, ceteris paribus then a. the supply of CDs will increase. b. the demand for CDs will fall. c. the supply of CDs will decrease. d. there will be a movement along the supply curve for CDs. e. none of the above will result. 1.7 As the price of grape juice (a substitute in consumption of wine) decreases, ceteris paribus then a. the supply of wine will decrease. b. the supply of wine will increase. c. the demand for wine will decrease. d. the demand for wine will increase. e. the demand of wine will be unaffected. 1.8 Suppose that the monetary policy committee of the SARB decides to decrease the REPO rate from 11% to 9.5%. This change to the REPO can be quantified as follows: a. A 1.5% decrease. b. A 13.6% decrease. c. A 150 basis point decrease. d. Both b and c. e. None of the above. 1.9 The real (annual) economic growth rate for 2007 for South Africa amounted to: a. 5.4% b. 5.1% c. 4.6% d. 6% e. 4% 1.10 The most recent CPIX inflation figure (January 2008) for South Africa was: a. 6% b. 7.2% c. 8.8% d. 9.2% e. 10% [20] 2

Question 2 2.1 Suppose that an economy is able to produce capital and consumer goods in the following combinations: Possibility Capital goods Consumer goods (tonnes) (tonnes) A 0 125 B 10 120 C 25 110 D 50 90 E 80 60 F 110 0 What is the opportunity cost of producing 25 tonnes of capital goods? (2) 2.2 Sketch the production possibilities frontier for this economy. Indicate the following on your sketch: any point of potential production inefficiency (indicate as point G); the area/points of potential production; and any point of unattainable production (indicate as point H). (Sketch capital goods on the horizontal axis and consumer goods on the vertical axis). (5) 2.3 Assume that the efficiency of production of capital goods in your economy improves drastically. Show the effect that this will have on the graph you sketched in 2.2 above. (3) Question 3 3.1 State the five macroeconomic performance objectives. (5) 3.2 Explain the difference between production valued at market and basic prices. Which one is used to calculate the official real economic growth rate for South Africa? (5) Question 4 4.1 Graphically illustrate and explain the difference between consumer surplus and producer surplus. (6) 4.2 Suppose government opens up the market for electricity generation. As a result twenty five new electricity producers enter the South African market. Graphically illustrate the effect on the equilibrium quantity and price of electricity. (4) 3

FAKULTEIT EKONOMIESE EN BESTUURSWETENSKAPPE DEPARTMENT EKONOMIE EKONOMIE 110 Semestertoets 1 14 Maart 2008 Totaal: 50 punte Tyd: 60 minute Interne eksaminatore: Mnr CJ Lotter Mnr R de Lange Mnr FJ Scholtz Mnr R Seymore Me KL Thompson Mnr M Meiring Konsultant eksaminator: Mnr J Janse van Rensburg Vraag 1 - Meervoudige keusevrae Beantwoord die volgende vrae deur slegs die korrekte alternatief langs die vraagnommer in jou antwoordboek neer te skryf. Bv.1.8 g. Let daarop dat elke vraag slegs een korrekte antwoord het. 1.1 Invoere in die ekonomie verteenwoordig 'n a. inspuiting in die sirkulêre vloei van goedere en dienste. b. lekkasie van die sirkulêre vloei van goedere en dienste. c. beide 'n lekkasie en inspuiting in die sirkulêre vloei van goedere en dienste. d. inspuiting in die vloei van slegs goedere. e. lekkasie van die vloei van slegs goedere. 1.2 n Openbare (publieke) maatskappy mag nie minder as hoeveel aandeelhouers hê nie? a. 3 aandeelhouers b. 4 aandeelhouers c. 5 aandeelhouers d. 6 aandeelhouers e. 7 aandeelhouers 1.3 In die vergelyking Y = C + I + G + X Z, verteenwoordig Z. a. Owerheidsbesteding. b. Uitvoere. c. Invoere. d. Verbruiksbesteding. e. Investering. 1.4 BBP = a. C + G + I b. C + G + I + X Z c. NX d. C + G +I S + X e. C + G + I + X + Z 4

1.5 BBP is a. die totale waarde van alle intermediêre goedere en dienste wat gedurende een jaar binne die grense van 'n land geproduseer word. b. die totale waarde van alle finale goedere en dienste wat gedurende een jaar binne die grense van 'n land geproduseer word. c. die totale waarde van alle finale dienste wat gedurende een jaar binne die grense van 'n land geproduseer word. d. die totale waarde van alle finale goedere en dienste wat gedurende een jaar binne en buite die grense van 'n land geproduseer word. e. die totale waarde van alle finale goedere en dienste wat gedurende een jaar deur burgers van 'n land geproduseer word. 1.6 As die prys van DVD's, 'n substituut in produksie vir CD's, ceteris paribus sou styg, a. sal die aanbod van CD's toeneem. b. sal die vraag na CD's afneem. c. sal die aanbod van CD's afneem. d. sal daar 'n beweging langs die aanbodkromme vir CD's plaasvind. e. sal nie een van bogenoemde die gevolg wees nie. 1.7 As die prys van druiwesap ('n substituut in die verbruik van wyn) sou daal, sal,ceteris paribus, a. die aanbod van wyn afneem. b. die aanbod van wyn toeneem. c. die vraag na wyn afneem. d. die vraag na wyn toeneem. e. daar geen effek op die vraag van wyn wees nie. 1.8 Veronderstel die monetêre beleidskomitee van die SARB besluit om die REPO-koers te verminder van 11% na 9.5%. Hierdie verandering in die REPO-koers kan soos volg gekwantifiseer word: a. 'n 1.5% verlaging. b. 'n 13.6% verlaging. c. 'n 150 basispunt verlaging. d. Beide b en c. e. Geen van die bogenoemde alternatiewe nie. 1.9 Die reële (jaarlikse) ekonomiese groeikoers vir 2007 vir Suid-Afrika wat onlangs gepubliseer is, het te staangekom op: a. 5.4% b. 5.1% c. 4.6% d. 6% e. 4% 1.10 Die mees onlangse VPIX inflasiesyfer (vir Januarie 2008) vir Suid-Afrika was: a. 6% b. 7.2% c. 8.8% d. 9.2% e. 10% 5

Vraag 2 2.1 Veronderstel dat 'n ekonomie die volgende kombinasies van kapitaal- en verbruiksgoedere kan produseer: Moontlikheid Kapitaalgoedere Verbruiksgoedere (tonne) (tonne) A 0 125 B 10 120 C 25 110 D 50 90 E 80 60 F 110 0 Wat is die geleentheidskoste aan die produksie van 25 ton kapitaalgoedere? (2) 2.2 Skets die produksiemoontlikheidskromme vir hierdie ekonomie. Dui ook die volgende op jou skets aan: enige punt wat potensiële oneffektiewe produksie sou voorstel (dui dit aan as punt G); die area of punte van potensiële produksie; en enige punt van onbereikbare produksie (dui dit aan as punt H). (Skets kapitaalgoedere op die horisontale assestel en verbruiksgoedere op die vertikale assestel). (5) 2.3 Veronderstel die effektiwiteit van produksie van kapitaalgoedere in die ekonomie verbeter drasties. Dui die effek hiervan grafies aan op die grafiek wat jy in 2.2 hier bo geskets het. (3) Vraag 3 3.1 Noem die vyf makro-ekonomiese doelstellings. (5) 3.2 Verduidelik die verskil tussen produksie gemeet teen markpryse en basiese pryse. Watter een word gebruik om die amptelike reële ekonomiese groeikoers vir Suid- Afrika te bereken? (5) Vraag 4 4.1 Illustreer grafies en verduidelik die verskil tussen verbruikersurplus en produsentesurplus. (6) 4.2 Veronderstel die regering open die mark vir elektrisiteitsopwekking. As gevolg daarvan betree vyf en twintig nuwe elektrisiteitsprodusente die Suid-Afrikaanse mark. Illustreer grafies die effek op die ewewigshoeveelheid en prys van elektrisiteit. (4) 6