Enkianthus campanulatus (ERICACEAE) Japan Alternate, looks whorled in 2 layers Obovate to elliptic 1-3 long Finely serrate Under: Brown & hairy on veins Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris (HYDRANGEACEAE) Infl drooping branched infl. (5-15 flws), Perfect Urn-shaped or bell-shaped, 5 lobes Stamens 10, Style 1 Calyx lobe broadly lanceolate Pale yellow w/pink stripes Capsule w/persistent style Russia, Korea, Taiwan, Japan Opposite, Simple Serrate Ovate-cordate (broad) (2-4' long, 1-4" wide) Under paler w/tufts of hairs Base cordate or rounded acuminate tip Long petioles (2-3 ) Infl large cluster on central stem (6-10 diameter) Two different kinds of flowers (showy sterile flws on margin of infl. with a long pedicel and small fertile central flws with a short pedicel) Flws white On sterile flowers, the enlarged caylx lobe ~ toothed Stamens 15-20 Capsule Acer palmatum (SAPINDACEAE) Japanese maple China, Korea, Japan 5-9 palmately lobed Lobes deep (goes beyond middle of leaf some way beyond), in some cvs lobes overlap Lobes oblong-lanceolate Doubly serrate Infl clusters (corymbs) Flws red or purple Infl Coymb w/6-20 flws Sepals, petals 5 Stamens 2 Styles 2 Schizocarp - double samara No hairs Shrub to 10 ft, nice structure Many varieties flw color varies. Good fall color (yellow, red, orange) Slow growing "Enkianthus" means pregnant flower, "campanulatus" means bell-shaped Climbing shrub w/aerial roots "anomala" refers to it being different from others in the genus (it is a vine, not a shrub), "petiolaris" to the long petioles Small deciduous tree Leaf color and degree of lobe depth high variable among the hundreds of cultivars Page 1 of 7
Acer circinatum (SAPINDACEAE) vine maple W. North America Opposite, Simple Palmately lobed (7-9 lobes) Lobes not deep Sinuses v shaped Doubly Serrate Infl cluster with central stem w/6-20 flws Sepals 5, deep pink to red Petals 5, white Stamens 2 Styles 2 Schizocarp (double Samara), red when young Angle almost 180 o 2 samara connected to form almost straight line No hairs (compare A. macrophyllum w/hairs & 90 angle) Shrub/ small tree to 30 ft Slender branches Red and white flowers among the showiest in Acer "circinatum" means coiled PNW native, often found in the forest understory Vaccinium parvifolium (ERICACEAE) red huckleberry W. coast of North America Alternate, Simple Oval Entire Small urn-shaped flowers Greenish-yellow to pink Lobes reflexed Single in leaf axils Bright red berry w/multiple seeds Shrub to 12 ft Branches strongly angled with ridges parvifolium: small leaved PNW native Trochodendron aralioides (TROCHODENDRACEAE) wheel tree Japan, Korea, Taiwan Alternate, Simple Crowded at the end of branches, ~ whorled Lvs. rhombic-obovate, shiny 3-5" long Crenate-serrate (not at base) Petiole ~ ½ length of blade Acuminate tip, long curved Infl branched upright w/long stalks (racemes) No perianth Stamens arranged in wheellike frame (40-70 in 3-4 whorls) Carpels (6-8) each w/1 stigma Flws bright green Capsule Evergreen tree typically ~30 ft Spreading branches Stem green year-round Flws in April-May "Trochodendron" means wheel tree Page 2 of 7
FABACEAE legume family ~ Pinnately compound Leaflet margins entire ~ Alternate Stipules Petioles may be thickened at base (pulvinus) (place where turgor pressure used for sleep movements) Infl. Racemes, cymes, spikes, solitary, etc. Bilateral symmetry- Flower type = papilionaceous (banner, two wing and two fused keel petals) (some radial symmetry mostly tropical) ~ Perfect Stamens many to 10 Ovary superior Legume or loment Trees, shrubs, herbs Roots ~ w/nitrogen fixing bacterial nodules Some tropical legumes with different flowers Cercis (FABACEAE) redbud N. America, Europe, Asia Alternate, simple Palmately veined, entire Orbicular to cordate with a cordate to truncate base and a blunt apex Leaves appear after the flowers Umbel-like clusters or racemes before leaves emerge. Perfect, Sepals 5, fused forming cup-like calyx fl. papilionaceous: Petals 5, 2-lipped, with upper three curved back and lower two larger, covering stamens and ovary. Stamens 10. Deep pink, purple-red, white bloom on year old or older wood, including the trunk Long flat pendulous pods (legume) Seeds 2-many Persist on tree after the leaves have fallen Small tree to 30 feet First described by Linnaeus in 1753 Pollinated by bees Plants fix nitrogen Cercis canadenis is native to e. North America, Cercis siliquastrum is native to China. C. canadensis Forest Pansy has dark leaves Page 3 of 7
Quercus suber (FAGACEAE) cork oak W. Mediterranean, N. Africa Alternate, simple Ovate to ovate-oblong Undulating margin 1-2½ long Rounded or subcordate at base 4-5 pairs short teeth Dark green above, Grayish under Petioles ½-3/4 long Catkins Acorn, ovoid-oblong Involucre w/elongated scales Short stalked Evergreen tree to 60 ft Bark thick & corky Deeply furrowed Brlts yellow-tomentose The source of cork for wine bottles, bulletin boards, floors, etc. Quercus suber, for the brewer refers to the cork bark, used to cap bottles Paeonia (PAEONIACEAE) peony Europe to E. Asia and in W. North America Alternate, may be basal in herbaceous species Usually at tops of shoots Pinnately compound or simple and dissected ~ Ternate Large ~ solitary, terminal Sepals- 5, Petals 5-9 ~ red, white, pink 1-12 leafy bracts Stamens many Large, showy, short lived Fruit a cluster of follicles Seeds have blue/black fleshy aril Contains many infertile seeds. Herbs or shrubs Thick soft twigs Pollinated by pollen-eating beetles Need fertile soil Paeon was the physician to the Greek gods and the discoverer of its medicinal properties. Sorbus (ROSACEAE) mountain ash N. temperate regions Alternate Pinnately compound or simple (lobed or coarsely serrate if simple) Stipules Infl flat-topped compound terminal clusters (corymbs) w/many flws White 5 merous, Stamens 15-20 -Purple pollen Styles 5 Fleshy pome, usually red, but also white or pink shrub or tree to 60 Insect pollinated Sorbus aucuparia is the most common in this area, somewhat invasive Page 4 of 7
Sorbus aucuparia (ROSACEAE) rowan or European mountain ash Europe Alternate Pinnately compound ¾-2½ long 9-15 pairs lflts Dull green above Oblong lanceolate Serrate (entire on lower part of leaf) Infl compound terminal corymbs, 3-5 flat topped White 5 merous Stamens 15-20 Bad smelling Red, fleshy pome Shiny, 20-40 ft Spread is 2/3 height Light grayish brown bark Somewhat invasive Bird-dispersed fruits - aucuparia means birdcatching! Fraxinus (OLEACEAE) ash Europe, Asia, N. America Opposite and pinnately compound. Perfect or imperfect. In dense or elongated panicles, located in leaf axils or terminally. Green or white. Sepals 4 (or none), fused at base. Petals usually 4 (can be 2 6 or none), fused at base. Stamens 2. Style w/ 2 stigmas. Ovary superior. Wind pollinated or insect pollinated. Single samara, pendulous in a cluster Trees to 125 ft or shrubs.. Two groups: one with small flowers that appear before leaves (common ash), the other with large white sprays of fragrant flowers that appear after the leaves (flowering ash) example: Fraxinus ornus. Emerald Ash Borer is an insect recently introduced into the upper Midwest from Europe. It is spreading and is a serious pest to this genus. Some ashes such as Fraxinus oxycarpa 'Raywood' are common street trees Page 5 of 7
Juglans nigra (JUGLANDACEAE) walnut Central and Eastern U.S. Alternate Pinnately compound 12-24" long with 10 to 24 leaflets Poorly formed or missing terminal leaflet Margins serrate Monoecious Males in catkins Females in terminal racemes near end of twigs Sepals 4 Styles 2, feathery looking Wind pollinated Indehiscent nut w/thick husk Tree to 100 ft Stout twigs w/chambered piths Trunk straight Bark with deep furrows with a rough diamond pattern Chemicals in leaf litter may be harmful to other plants Thuja occidentalis (CUPRESSACEAE) American arborvitae E. North America Leaves Cones Other No markings on underside of leaves. Leaves on main axis conspicuously glandular underneath Usually dull green above Very small cone, wooden rose Ovoid or oblong Monoecious 5-7 (9) cone scales Trees w/stout buttressed trunk Very slow growing, short growth node (few inches) Cultivar Pyramidalis is a very common hedge plant "Occidentalis" means western, even though it is native to east NA Page 6 of 7
A Helpful Table Hydrangea Viburnum Cornus Usually deciduous or evergreen Leaf arrangement Opposite Opposite Opposite Leaf margin Entire or serrate Entire, may be dentate or serrate Entire Leaf veins Pinnate Pinnate Arcuate Inflorescence Terminal (or axillary) clusters Terminal panicles or cymes Terminal panicles or cymes Sepals 4 or 5 4 5 Petals 4 or 5 4 5 Style 2-5 1 1 Ovary position Inferior Inferior Inferior Sterile flowers Sometimes, marginal or may be whole inflorescence Sometimes, marginal or may be all Origin of sterile flowers Enlarged sepals Enlarged corolla lobes Fruit Capsule Drupe (1 seeded) Drupe (2-seeded) No, but may be subtended by bracts Page 7 of 7