Prospects for growing and using tartary buckwheat in Poland Jacek Kwiatkowski, Katarzyna Kłodawska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production
[k tonnes] Production of buckwheat in the world FAOSTAT, 2015 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 year
[k tonnes] FAOSTAT, 2015 Production of top 5 producers Average 2004-2013 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Russian Federation China, mainland Ukraine France Poland
[k tonnes] Production of buckwheat in Poland GUS, 2015 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 year
Distribution of buckwheat plantation and relative yields in Poland (the average for the years 2009-2014, compiled based on data from the GUS 1015) zachodniopomorskie 11 pomorskie kujawsko-pomorskie warmińsko-mazurskie lubuskie wielkopolskie mazowieckie dolnośląskie 20 Poland 2009-2014 73681 ha = 100% 11 5 2 8 opolskie 1 1 śląskie 2 łódzkie 2 małopolskie 0 świętokrzyskie 1 8 podkarpackie 4 podlaskie 5 lubelskie 20 zachodniopomorskie 93 pomorskie kujawsko-pomorskie warmińsko-mazurskie lubuskie wielkopolskie mazowieckie dolnośląskie 106 86 Poland 2010-2014 12,6 dt ha -1 = 100% opolskie 90 97 98 93 141 111 śląskie łódzkie 89 małopolskie 136 świętokrzyskie 94 103 podkarpackie 101 podlaskie 84 lubelskie 109
Large buckwheat plantation near the Olsztyn (30-60km) gryka buckwheat poganka - pagan tatarka Tatar buckwheat, also tartary buckwheat hreczka from гречка
Buckwheat products in Poland Buckwheat kasha from whole or brocken grain rosted or white (raw), etc. Buckwheat flakes rosted or white (raw) regular or instant etc. Buckwheat flour Ground buckwheat husk Buckwheat bran
Distribution of buckwheat plantation and relative yields in Poland (the average for the years 2009-2014, compiled based on data from the GUS 1015) Unit for hydrothermal treatment of achenes (roasting) Dehuller
Buckwheat products in Poland Kaszanka Blood sausage (with buckwheat groats) Dzyndzałki z hreczką i skrzeczkami Regional disch from Warmia and also Mazury Pierogi stuffed with buckwheat groads and boiled eggs, with the addition of fried bacon with onion
Little common products from buckwheat in Poland (ready for direct consumption) - pasta, - bread / rolls, - cakes / cookies - cereals, - snacks - etc?
Educational Center Piramida Malibor, Slovenia
Tartary buckwheat achenes Fagopyrum tataricum L., Lublin local accession Fagopyrum tataricum L., Olsztyn local accession Fagopyrum tataricum L., selected from chinese cv. Kuqiao Yu 6-21
Field experiment with tartary buckwheat Polish genotypes Buckwheat plants infested by aphids Genotypes selected from chinase cultivars
Morphological trails of tartary buckwheat plants Plant height [cm] Plant weight [g air-d.m. ] 140 30 120 25 100 20 80 60 40 15 10 20 0 mean 2010 2011 2012 2013 T1 T2 T3 TO TL year genotype fertilization 0 kg ha-1 40 kg ha-1 5 0 mean Number of full achenes 2010 2011 2012 2013 T1 T2 T3 TO TL year genotype fertilization 0 kg ha-1 40 kg ha-1 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 mean 2010 2011 2012 2013 T1 T2 T3 TO TL year genotype fertilization 0 kg ha-1 40 kg ha-1
Yield of tartary buckwheat achenes [kg ha -1 ] 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 mean 2010 2011 2012 2013 T1 T2 T3 TO TL year genotype fertilization 0 kg ha-1 40 kg ha-1
Quercetin [mg g -1 d.m.] mg/g s.m. Rutin [mg g mg/g -1 d.m.] s.m. 14 12 10 1000 achenes weight [g] Technological and nutritional value of t.b. seeds 8 6 4 2 0 40 mean 2010 2011 2012 2013 T1 T2 T3 TO TL year genotype fertilization Husk content [%] 0 kg ha-1 40 kg ha-1 16 14 12 10 8 Rutin and quercetin in tartary buckwheat seeds analysis courtesy of prof. Danuta Zielińska, Dep. Of Chemistry, UWM nawożenie bez nawożenia średnia 35 30 6 25 4 20 15 2 10 5 0 18 mean T1 T2 T3 TO TL genotype Protein content [% d.m.] 0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 T1 T2 T3 O L mean średnia Genotyp Genotype bez without nawożenia nawożenie fertilization średnia fertilization mean 17 2.0 1.5 1.0 16 0.5 15 mean T1 T2 T3 TO TL genotype 0.0 T1 T2 T3 O L średnia mean Genotyp Genotype
Induction of flowering and transition to generative phase in the single plants
Habit of tartary buckwheat plants for different genotypes Thin, limp stalks, small, delicate plants domestic genotypes Rigid, thick stems, large leaves genotypes selected from foreign cultivars
Effect of a sowing date on development and yields of selected tartary buckwheat genotypes Field experiment with tartary buckwheat on weak soil (Domestic Symposium on Buckwheat, 2014) Adventitious roots on the stems of t. buckwheat
Effect of a sowing date on development and yields of selected tartary buckwheat genotypes
Yield of tartary buckwheat achenes depending on date of sowing, soil condition and genotypes 250 231a 220a 214a 200 188b 150 165 150b 125b 116b 100 77c 2014 2015 50 28 10c 27b 47a 31a 44a 9b 34a 22b 0 genotypes date of sowing place (soil condition)
Morfology of backwheat fruits achenes with wings
Biplot of analyzed traits (basic chemical composition and 1000 achenes weight) in collaboration with of dr Dariusz Załuski 1,0 TO TO TO TO rutin (y) fiber (x) 0,5 TLi TLi TLi Czynn. 2 : 40% 0,0 TAW (x) T2 T1 T1 T2 T2 T1 T1 T2 TL TL TL TL TLi TLi TSl ash (x) TSl TSl TSl -0,5 T3-1,0 protein (y) T3 T3 fat (y) T3-1,0-0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0 Czynn. 1 : 46%
Evaluation of the genetic diversity of selected genotypes Fagopyrum tataricum analysis courtesy of dr Paweł Sulima, Dep. of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, UWM tested analyzed starters 24 20 polymorphic monomorphic polymorphism [%] mean/starter markers 21 61 25,61 4,1
UPGMA dendrogram of F. tataricum based on binary genetic distance analysis courtesy of dr Paweł Sulima, Dep. of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, UWM TO1 TO2 TL TLi T3 TSl T1 T2 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
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