Famil: Lecthidaceae Taxo: Barrigtoia edulis Som: Butoica edulis (Seem.) Miers Huttum edule (Seem.) Britte Commo Name: cut ut Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso: Patti Clifford WRA Score 0 101 Is the species highl domesticated? =-3, =0 102 Has the species become aturalized where grow? =1, =-1 103 Does the species have weed races? =1, =-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appedix 2) 202 Qualit of climate match data (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High high) (See Appedix 2) 203 Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit) =1, =0 204 Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates =1, =0 205 Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? =-2,?=-1, =0 301 Naturalized beod ative rage = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2), = questio 205 302 Garde/ameit/disturbace weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 304 Evirometal weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 305 Cogeeric weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 401 Produces spies, thors or burrs =1, =0 402 Allelopathic =1, =0 403 Parasitic =1, =0 404 Upalatable to grazig aimals =1, =-1 405 Toxic to aimals =1, =0 406 Host for recogized pests ad pathoges =1, =0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas =1, =0 408 Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems =1, =0 409 Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle =1, =0 410 Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad) =1, =0 411 Climbig or smotherig growth habit =1, =0 Prit Date: 11/26/2012 Barrigtoia edulis (Lecthidaceae) Page 1 of 6
412 Forms dese thickets =1, =0 501 Aquatic =5, =0 502 Grass =1, =0 503 Nitroge fixig wood plat =1, =0 504 Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) =1, =0 601 Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat =1, =0 602 Produces viable seed =1, =-1 603 Hbridizes aturall =1, =-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic =1, =-1 605 Requires specialist polliators =-1, =0 606 Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio =1, =-1 607 Miimum geerative time (ears) 1 ear = 1, 2 or 3 ears = 0, 4+ ears = -1 701 Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked =1, =-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed itetioall b people =1, =-1 703 Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat =1, =-1 704 Propagules adapted to wid dispersal =1, =-1 705 Propagules water dispersed =1, =-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed =1, =-1 707 Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall) =1, =-1 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut =1, =-1 801 Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2) =1, =-1 802 Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r) =1, =-1 803 Well cotrolled b herbicides =-1, =1 804 Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire =1, =-1 805 Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) =-1, =1 Desigatio: L WRA Score 0 Prit Date: 11/26/2012 Barrigtoia edulis (Lecthidaceae) Page 2 of 6
Supportig Data: 101 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [s the species highl domesticated? No] No evidece of domesticatio that reduces ivasive traits. 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Has the species become aturalized where grow? NA] 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Does the species have weed races? NA] 201 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-202 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-203 2012. Lear Grow. Food plats of Solomo Islads a compedium - part 2. Lear Grow, http://www.leargrow.org/uploads/file/food%20pl ats%20of%20solomo%20islads%20- %20a%20compedium%20-%20Part%202.pdf 203 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-204 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978- [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical"? 2 - High] Native to Melaesia - Papua New Guiea, Solomo Islads ad Vauatu. [Qualit of climate match data? 2 - High] Native to Melaesia - Papua New Guiea, Solomo Islads ad Vauatu. [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? No] Barrrigto edulis occurs i forest, woodlad ad grasslad up to 400 m above sea level. [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? No] Barrigtoia edulis is a lowlad tropical species occurrig aturall i dese ad ope forest, or o the edge of forests i mature fallow forest from sea level to 400 m. [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] Native to Melaesia - Papua New Guiea, Solomo Islads ad Vauatu. 205 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? No] No evidece. 301 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Naturalized beod ative rage? No] No evidece. 302 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of [Garde/ameit/disturbace weed? No] No evidece. Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia 303 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of [Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed? No] No evidece. Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia 304 2012. Radall, R.P.. A Global Compedium of Weeds. 2d Editio. Departmet of Agriculture ad Food, Wester Australia [Evirometal weed? No] No evidece. 305 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Cogeeric weed? No] The Global Compedium of Weeds (2012) states that Barrigtoia asiatica is ivasive. The refereces ecessar to documet impact or ecoomic costs are ot available. 401 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-402 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Allelopathic? Ukow] [Produces spies, thors or burrs? No] Evergree, moecious tree with obovateoblog to oblaceolate, simple leaves with slightl udulatig margi. 403 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978- [Parasitic? No] Lecthidaceae. 404 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Upalatable to grazig aimals? Ukow] Prit Date: 11/26/2012 Barrigtoia edulis (Lecthidaceae) Page 3 of 6
405 2008. Wagstaff, D.J.. Iteratioal poisoous [Toxic to aimals? No] No evidece. plats checklist: a evidece-based referece. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL http://books.google.com/books?id=h7tbd- 5ZAQ8C&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=Iteratioal+ poisoous+plats+checklist:+a+evidecebased+referece& 405 2012. Natioal Ceter for Biotecholog [Toxic to aimals? No] No evidece. Iformatio. PubMed. http://www.cbi.lm.ih.gov/sites/etrez 405 2012. Specialized Iformatio Services, U.S. [Toxic to aimals? No] No evidece. Natioal Librar of Medicie. TOXNET toxicolog data etwork [olie database]. Natioal Istitutes of Health, http://toxet.lm.ih.gov/ 406 2012. Crcplatbiosecurit.com. Rose beetle (Adoretus versustus) [Accessed 26 November 2012]. [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? Yes] Barrigtoia edulis is a host for rose beetle (Adoretus versutus). A. versutus is a quaratie pest i the South Pacific regio. Its cotrol is difficult as much of its life ccle is completed http://legac.crcplatbiosecurit.com.au/sites/all/fil udergroud. es/file/threat%20data%20- %20Rose%20beetle.pdf 407 2008. Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The Ecclopedia of Fruit & Nuts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK 407 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978- [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No] The species has medicial uses with the leaves used to treat ear iflammatio. The bark sap is used as a treatmet for ciguatera poisoig, for coughs ad uriar ifectio. [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No] Seed kerels are eate raw or cooked or roasted. 408 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems? No] No evidece. 409 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle? Ukow] 410 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad)? Ukow] 411 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978- [Climbig or smotherig growth habit? No] A evergree tree 6-20 m high. 412 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Forms dese thickets? Ukow] 501 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-502 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-503 2010. www.atiomaster.com. Ecclopedia Nitroge fixatio. Natiomaster.com, http://www.atiomaster.com/ecclopedia/nitrog e-fixatio 503 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-504 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978- [Aquatic? No] Terrestrial; tree. [Grass? No] Tree. [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] Not a itroge-fixig famil. [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] Lecthidaceae. Prit Date: 11/26/2012 Barrigtoia edulis (Lecthidaceae) [Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)? No] Tree; wood. Page 4 of 6
601 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat? No] No evidece. 602 2001. Yaplito, M.A.. Barrigtoia J.R. Forster & J.G. Forster [Iterest] Record from Proseabase. PROSEA (Plat Resources of South-East Asia) Foudatio. http://proseaet.org/prosea/eprosea_detail.php?frt=&id=937 602 2008. Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The Ecclopedia of Fruit & Nuts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK 603 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Hbridizes aturall? Ukow] [Produces viable seed? Yes] Barrigtoia ca be propagated b seeds or cuttigs. [Produces viable seed? Yes] Plats are propagated b seeds ad cuttigs, with some success at air laerig. 604 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Self-compatible or apomictic? Ukow] 605 2008. Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The Ecclopedia of Fruit & Nuts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK [Requires specialist polliators? No] Bats are suggested as the polliator. The flowers are visited b ats ad bees durig the da. 606 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio? Ukow] 607 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Miimum geerative time (ears)? Ukow] 701 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked areas)? No] No evidece. 702 2001. Yaplito, M.A.. Barrigtoia J.R. Forster & J.G. Forster [Iterest] Record from Proseabase. PROSEA (Plat Resources of South-East Asia) Foudatio. http://proseaet.org/prosea/eprosea_detail.php?frt=&id=937 [PROSEA dispersed itetioall b people? Yes] Barrigtoia edulis is cultivated i Vauatu aed other Pacific Islads for its edible fruit. 703 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] No evidece. 704 2012. Lim, T.K.. Barrrigtoia edulis - Edible medicial ad o-medicial plats - volume 3, fruits. Spriger, http://lik.spriger.com/chapter/10.1007%2f978-705 1906. Gupp, H.B.. Observatios of a aturalist i the Pacific betwee 1896 ad 1899: Plat dispersal volume 2. Macmilla ad co., limited, Lodo 705 1950. Razi, B.A.. A cotributio towards the stud of the dispersal mechaisms i flowerig plats of Msore (South Idia). Ecolog. 31: 282-286. [Propagules adapted to wid dispersal+ No] Fruit is ovoid, oblog, or elogate gree, purplish or red, idehiscet, subsessile or shortl pedicellate cotaiig oe white kerel 2.5 cm b 1.5-3 cm. [Propagules water dispersed? Yes] Accordig to Gupp (1906), the seeds of Barrigtoia edulis are buoat for a moth. 706 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules bird dispersed? Ukow] [Propagules water dispersed? Yes] The Barrigtoia geus is dispersed b water. 707 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall)? No] No meas of exteral attachmet. 708 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Ukow] 801 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2)? No] Based o images o Google images. 802 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r)? Ukow] 803 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Well cotrolled b herbicides? Ukow] 804 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Ukow] 805 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets)? Ukow] Prit Date: 11/26/2012 Barrigtoia edulis (Lecthidaceae) Page 5 of 6
Summar of Risk Traits High Risk / Udesirable Traits Tropical tree Host for rose beetle (Adoretus versutus), a quaratie pest Water ad huma dispersed Low Risk / Desirable Traits Not aturalized Not a kow weed No-toxic Limited dispersal mechaisms Is ot a prolific seed producer