Presentation for DS Congress 2018 Soybean Production, Trade and Consumption in China Tianfu Han Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS, China

Presentation for DS Congress 2018 Soybean Production, Trade and Consumption in China Tianfu Han Institute of Crop Sciences, CAAS, China

Outline Soybean Production in China Soybean Trade of China Soybean Consumption in China Using Soybean as Food to Save the Globe

Soybean is an ancient crop in China Soybean was domesticated in China around 5000 years ago and was regarded as one of the 5 major food crops (rice, foxtail millet, common millet, wheat, soybean) in ancient China. Wild Cultivated Wild Cultivated Wild Cultivated Wild Cultivated

Tofu was popular in China 2000 years ago A stone tablet dug out from the Da-Hu-Ting No. 1 tomb (25-220 A.D.) located in Henan Province was carved with the tofu making process

Current status of soybean distribution in China North Spring-sowing Region Huang Huaihai Summer-sowing Region Soybean planting area in China South Multiple Cropping Region

1949 1951 1953 1955 1957 1959 1961 1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 Planting area (Mha) Production (Mt) Soybean planting area and production in China (1949-2017) 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Soybean Planting Area(Mha) Soybean Production (Mt) Total production Planting area

Wide-Ridge Densely Planting in NE China

Direct seeding after winter wheat in YHH Region

Intercropping and relay systems in south China Soybean/Sugarcane Soybean/Banana/Cowpea Soybean/Loquat Wheat/Maize/Soybean Soybean/Papaya Soybean/Tea plant

1949 1951 1953 1955 1957 1959 1961 1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 Soybean yield (t/ha) Soybean yield in China (1949-2017) 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 Source: USA/FAS, June 2017

Soybean maturity groups (MG) in China Maturity Group

Outline Soybean Production in China Soybean Trade of China Soybean Consumption in China Using Soybean as Food to Save the Globe

Demand (10 thousand tons) China's demand to soybean in the past 2 decades 12000 11079 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Year

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Production (Mt) Proportion (%) Soybean import of China (1990-2017) 120 100 Domestic production (Mt) Import (Mt) 120 100 80 Self-sufficiency ratio (%) 80 60 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 Year In 2017, the soybean import of China was as high as 95.54 Mt, increased by 13.8%.

Soybean exporting countries to China Others Kazakhstan Ethiopia Ukraine Russia Canada Uruguay Argentina Brazil USA USDA-PSD online,by courtesy of Prof. Si Wei

Brazil is the biggest soybean exporter to China Import of China from Brazil (10 thousand tons) Export from Brazil to other countries (10 thousand tons) Proportion of the import of China from Brazil of the export from Brazil (%) In 2017, brazil exported 50.93 Mt soybeans to China, accounting for 77.75% of its total soybean export, and 53.31% of China's total import. USDA-PSD online

Soybean supply and trade flow in the world USA (37%) EU-28 (11%) China (62%) Mexico (3%) Brazil (42%) Paraguay & Uruguay (6%) Argentina (9%) Exports from the rest of world 6% Exports Imports

Outline Soybean Production in China Soybean Trade of China Soybean Consumption in China Using Soybean as Food to Save the Globe

Dynamic of soybean consumption in the world Global consumption of soybean (Right axil) Proportion of Chinese consumption of the Global consumption (%) Proportion of South American consumption of the Global consumption (%) Proportion of North American consumption of the Global consumption (%) USDA-PSD online

Consumption purposes of soybean in China 11% 1% 1% Crash Food 87% Protein processing Loss

Consumption of edible oil in China 17 15 13 2007/08 2016/17 16,35 11 9 8,5 9,225 7 5 3 1 5,5 2,6 2,17 2,967 4,53 0,305 1,279-1 Palm Oil 棕榈油 Peanut Oil 花生油 Rapeseed Oil 菜籽油 Saybean Oil 大豆油 Sunflower Oil 葵花油 Edible oil consumption in China (Mt)

Consumption of soybean in food purposes in China 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 Use in other food Direct cooking Soyfood 0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 In 2017, China consumed 12.60 Mt of soybean in food purposes, including 55% (7 Mt) for soyfood processing, 20% for domestic direct food uses (soymilk, etc.), and 25% for use in other foods.

Distribution of certified soyfood processing companies Province Company number Province Company number Province Company number Beijing 37 Anhui 184 Sichuan 225 Tianjin 49 Fujian 153 Guizhou 96 Hebei 102 Jiangxi 101 Yunan 159 Shanxi 58 Shandong 258 Tibet 0 Inner Mogolia 40 Henan 449 Shaaxi 76 Liaoning 203 Hubei 189 Gansu 28 Jilin 56 Hunan 492 Qinghai 7 Heilongjiang 177 Guangdon g 404 Ningxia 10 Shanghai 79 Guangxi 114 Xinjiang 42 Jiangsu 218 Hainan 26 Total 4779 Zhejiang 300 Chongqing 277

Regional distribution of Top 50 soyfood processing companies The big soyfood companies mainly distributed in the developed regions. 25 20 15 10 5 0 ECR Huabei SCCR Central SW NE NW

Soybean consumption for Tofu and other fresh soyfoods Year 2013 (1000t) 2014 (1000t) 2015 (1000t) 2016 (1000t) 2017 (1000t) Soybean consumed 310.5 317.6 350.7 421.7 438.5 + (%) 33.2 2.2 10.43 20.24 4.0

Soybean consumption for soymilk processing Year Total Liquid soymilk Soymilk powder Soybean consumed (1000 t) + (%) Soybean consumed (1000 t) + (%) Soybean consumed (1000 t) + (%) 2013 326.1 2.55 142.3 2.37 183.8 2.74 2014 300.9-7.73 77.9-45 223.0 21.3 2015 311.1 3.39 80.8 3.69 230.3 3.28 2016 354.2 13.85 87.6 8.45 266.6 15.75 2017 379.8 7.23 99.5 13.58 280.3 5.14 By courtesy of Prof. Hansong Yu

Soybean consumption for snake soyfoods Year 2013 (1000t) Soybean consumed (1000 t) 2014 (1000t) 2015 (1000t) 2016 (1000t) 2017 (1000t) 248.2 240.2 247.6 305.4 339.0 + (%) 22.08-3.22 3.08 23.33 11.0

Projection of soybean consumption in China

Outline Soybean Production in China Soybean Trade of China Soybean Consumption in China Using Soybean as Food to Save the Globe

MMT Projection of soybean consumption in the world 450 400 350 80 Mt more soybeans are needed annually in 2028 if the increasing rete is constant 300 250 200 150 100 A nightmare for the globe!!! 50 0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024

Help Mr. Orang to safeguar his home!

Help Mrs. Cow to save her son!

Fully using soybean in food processing Soyfood: the solution Vegetarian meat products

Soyfoods: a solution Soyfoods are commonly shared across---- Ethnic groups Religions Nations

Using Soybean as Food to Save the Globe China-EU 2020 Strategic Agenda for Cooperation In 1910:Yuying Li published the monograph of "Soybean" in Beijing In 1912:Yuying Li published the Franch version of "La Soja" in Paris Protein supply strategy New soyfood development Farmig system Variety improvement Basic Research Personnel Training

Acknowledgements CARS-Soybean members and other Chinese colleagues Miss Yuefang Wu, Miss Ying Chen, Dr. Wei Si Professor Yaohui Hu, Dr. Hansong Yu USDA/FAS Data base, FAO, MARA, etc. Drs. Seifeldin E. Ibrahim, Shan Yuan, Guangming Yang DS Congress organizers and participants

Thank you for your attention