Calculation Methodology of Translucent Construction Elements in Buildings and Other Structures

Transcription

1 MATEC Web of Conferences 96, 005 (08) ttps://doi.org/0.05/matecconf/ XXVII R-S-P Seminar 08, Teoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering Calculation Metodology of Translucent Construction Elements in Buildings and Oter Structures Vladimir Zubkov,*, and Nadezda Kondratyeva Samara State Tecnical University, Academy of Arcitecture and Civil Engineering, Molodogvardeyskaya St., 94, Samara, 4400, Russia Abstract. Te paper proposes a calculation metodology of translucent structures elements in buildings and oter structures under distributed or concentrated load. Te autors describe calculations sequence and introduce formulas used to determine tensile and searing stresses influencing glass and seet glass deflection. Mecanical loads to wic translucent structures are subjected sould be calculated wit account of te SP requirements, "Loads and impacts". Te task of calculating te translucent part of te structure is reduced to determining maximum stresses in te glass under te calculated load q. Tis value sould not exceed calculated stress values under bending R and te glass used. Triplex sould be calculates as two independent glasses under 0.5 values of te total load. In multilayer glasses (triplex) te tickness of seets sould be taken as identical, being not more tan 0 mm of eac seet. According to tis metodology, te calculation error of seet glass in translucent constructions of buildings and structures does not exceed 0%. Introduction More and more buildings around us are covered wit translucent sells, allowing to penetrate te sunligt not only in te buildings, but also into te streets of cities. Airiness, transparency of te facades make it possible to turn a stone jungle into a space filled wit air and ligt. Materials and metods Te applied translucent structures sould provide not only protection from environmental impacts suc as cold, noise, water, dust, but also to perceive mecanical loads on te facades of buildings and structures. In connection wit tis, a tecnique is proposed for calculating te translucent structures of buildings and structures under te action of a * Corresponding autor: samstroyisp@gmail.com Te Autors, publised by EDP Sciences. Tis is an open access article distributed under te terms of te Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (ttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

2 MATEC Web of Conferences 96, 005 (08) ttps://doi.org/0.05/matecconf/ XXVII R-S-P Seminar 08, Teoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering distributed or concentrated load. Te tecnique was developed on te basis of te experimental and teoretical studies of seet glass carried out by te autors. Results Te calculation of translucent structures begins wit te definition of te type of load: distributed q, or concentrated P, and te location of its application. Mecanical loads acting on translucent structures must be determined taking into account te requirements of SP "Loads and effects". Having determined te magnitude and type of te load, te strengt and deformation calculation of te transparent part of te translucent structure is immediately performed. Wen using laminated glasses (triplex), te tickness of all seets sould be te same and not more tan 0 mm eac seet. Te triplex sould be calculated as two independent glasses under 0.5 times of te total load. Te task of calculating te translucent part of te structure is to determine te maximum stresses in te glass from te action of te calculated load q. Tis value sould not exceed te calculated values of stresses in bending R и of te applied glass. Te calculated value of te voltage R и depends on te strengt of te used glass in te bend R ри and te importance class of te building: R и = R ри /с () in wic - R и calculated sress of te glass under bending; R ри ultimate resistance of seet glass under bending, experimentally measured (glass strain at te sample fracture); с assurance factor, depending upon te importance calss of te building and measured in Table. Import ance class Table. Factor of safety of glass durability Caracterisitcs of a building in wic translucent and protective constructions of seet glass are used Factor of safety of glass durability (с) Unardened Heat treat 4 А Buildings wit more tan 00 floors and construction more tan 00 meters ig Not applicable 5 А Buildings up to 00 floors or construction of 00 meters ig. Te cover wit te calculated load of more tan 00 N/m Not applicable 4 А Buildings uo to 50 floors. Te Здания до 50 этажей. Te cover wit te calculated load of more tan 000 N/m 4 А4 Buildings up to floors. We calculate te seet tickness as te first step. As tere are two unknown values: te tickness of te seet and te stress in te glass. Tis value is assumed to be equal to te tickness of te glass presented in te translucent structure, or presented by te formula:

3 MATEC Web of Conferences 96, 005 (08) ttps://doi.org/0.05/matecconf/ XXVII R-S-P Seminar 08, Teoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering 0,5 b q ; () р (, 6( b/ a) ) Te calculation is carried out in te following consequence: Te tickness of te glass () in te interval between from to 0 mm (,5,6, 8, 0 mm), depending upon te value of te calculated load or a triplex made of tese seets. Te following coefficients are used : k 0, 75 ; b 0,45 ; c 0, ; 0,; a b We identify te value of te tensile stress σ рn in te angular zone: a рп b b 0, 68kcq 0. () We identify te value of te seer stress: b 0,7kc q 0. (4) We measure te value of te reduced tensile stresses in te angular zone: р пр 0,5 рп 0,5 ( рn 4 ). (5) Te obtained value of te reduced tensile stresses is compared wit te design value of te stresses in te glass: р пр R и. (6) If te value of te reduced tensile stresses is greater tan te calculated values of te stresses R и, increase te tickness of te glass or te number of seets, te calculation until σ р пр is less tan R и 0%. In all te above formulas: a, b, lengt, widt and tickness of te seet, mm. Te deflection of te seet glass, supported along te contour, is determined by te formula 4 f a0 ( p) ( ) ; (7) q in wic: p 0 ( b/ ) E f deflection of te central part of te seet, mm; q calculated equally distributed load on one of te seets, kpa; E modulus of elsticity, MPa; a, b long and sort sides of te seet, mm; tickness of one seet, mm; μ Poisson s ratio of te glass; γ coefficient, regarding te cange of te rigidity of te seet under load.

4 MATEC Web of Conferences 96, 005 (08) ttps://doi.org/0.05/matecconf/ XXVII R-S-P Seminar 08, Teoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering 675 ( b/ ) ; (8) B 4 0, a/ 0, 7. (9) 80 B = 850 for te nontougened glass, B = 900 for te strained glass. Te deflection of te seet under te calculated load sould not exceed /50 of te long side. If te deflection is greater tan tis value, it is necessary to increase te tickness of te glass, te number of seets or provide rib stiffeners. Under te action of te concentrated load in te central zone of te plate, te total tensile stresses are determined by te formula: 0P рп ; (0) in wic: σ рп - tensile stress in te glass wit te power, MPa; Р concentrated force, influencing one seet, kh ; α coefficient, corrects for te location of conditional bearings; λ coefficient, considering te state of neutral axis; γ coefficient, considering te cange of te seet rigidity under te influence of concentrated force. Te results of te exploitation of testing seet glass sowed te coefficients and computing formulas. (0,6 65) 00. () (0, 005 ). () For relatively tick seets, in wic ζ 00, coefficient α is regarded equal to α = 0,7, ζ > 00 according to te formula: (0,8 40) 00. () Te obtained value of tensile strain is compared wit te calculated value of glass tensile: рп Rи. (4) Deflection in te central partof te seet under te influence of concentrated force is measured by te formula: f ( Pa / D) ; (5) in wic: 40, 0,5 (0,5 ) E D ( ), (0, 005 ). Deflection at te rated load sould not exceed /50 of te long part of te seet. If te deflection is bigger tan te present value, you sould increse te glass tickness, number of seets or to preview te stiffering ribs. 4

5 MATEC Web of Conferences 96, 005 (08) ttps://doi.org/0.05/matecconf/ XXVII R-S-P Seminar 08, Teoretical Foundation of Civil Engineering 4 Conclusions Te error in calculating seet glass in translucent constructions of buildings and structures according to te above procedure does not exceed 0%, wic is confirmed by experimental studies of te operation of seet glass under a uniformly distributed and concentrated load. References. SP Loads and effects. Window Industry News, All - from glass, 6 (009). Conference procedures Stekloprogress-XXI, (00) 4. V.A. Zubkov, N.V. Kondratieva, Glass and ceramics, 6, (0) 5. A.I. Bolutenko, Teoretical Strengt of Glass - Myt or Reality, Scientific Hypoteses. Pysics of Glass (0) 6. I.V. Boriskina, А.А. Plotnikov, A.V. Zakarov, Designing of modern window systems of civil buildings (Study guide book, 008) 7. V.F. Solinov, A.A. Uspensky, Windows, doors, facades, 5, 5 (007) 8. A.G. Cesnokov, A.N. Batiscev, Arcitectural glass,, 9 (004) 9. Yu. Bao, Yu. Gianjun, S. Xinuon, Glass and Business,, 7 (009) 0. V.A. Zubkov, N.V. Kondratieva, Glass and Ceramics, 4, 0 (05). V. Zubkov, N. Kondratieva, Conference procedures, Callenging Glass 4 & COST Action TU 0905 final conference, 755 (04). V. Zubkov, N. Kondratieva, Callenging Glass. Conference on Arcitectural and Structural Application of Glass Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Tecnology, 607 (0). V. Zubkov, N. Kondratieva, Hypotesis on te structure of silicate glass Te ypotesis is registered in te register of scientific discoveries. - Certificate No. - H 5