WINTER BUDS (FAMILIES A F)

Transcription

1 WINTER BUDS (FAMILIES A F)

2 Aceraceae (Maple Family) Box-Elder [Ash-Leaved Maple] Acer negundo L. The Maples (Aceraceae Family) The Maples are mostly deciduous trees. The leaves are simple and palmately lobed except for A. negundo (Box Elder). The leaves, buds and branchlets are opposite. The fruit is a winged samaras. Samaras vary by species and are sometimes important in identification Twigs stout, mostly round, glaucous or not, may be finely hairy, greenish to violet or purplish, lenticels moderate in size, sap clear; pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present; lateral buds opposite; buds with mostly 4 ( always >2) exposed scales, not ciliate, usually < 7-8 mm long; leaf scars meet at a point, all buds finely white to gray hairy; leaf scars with fine red glands - (samaras often overwinter on pistillate trees, leaves compound)

3 Aceraceae (Maple Family) Red Maple Acer rubrum L. Silver Maple Acer saccharinum L. Twigs of medium thickness, mostly round, glabrous, not ill-smelling when broken, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present, 4-6mm long, rounded or blunt tip; lateral buds opposite, solitary or rounded and multiple at nodes; buds with mostly 4 scales, not ciliate (inner flower bud scales short ciliate) and not apiculate; leaf scars meet by horizontal line; bark rough with age but not very flaky, sometimes displays circular plates Twigs of medium thickness, mostly round, glabrous, usually illsmelling when broken, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present, 4-6mm long, rounded or blunt tip; lateral buds opposite, solitary or rounded and multiple at nodes; buds with mostly 4 scales, not ciliate (inner scales of flower buds white ciliate) but are apiculate; leaf scars meet by horizontal line; bark flaking with age

4 Aceraceae (Maple Family) Black Maple Acer nigrum Michx. f. Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Marsh. Twigs of medium thickness, mostly round, somewhat hairy, dull straw to brown, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present, 6-7mm or less long, acutely pointed; lateral buds opposite; buds brown with > 6 exposed scales, not white hairy, lower scales not ciliate; leaf scars not elevated, brown hairs at upper edge; bark smooth early, deeply furrowed and dark with age Twigs of medium thickness, mostly round, mostly glabrous, glossy gray to brown to blackish, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present, 6-7mm or less long, acutely pointed; lateral buds opposite; buds brown with > 6 exposed scales, not white hairy, lower scales not ciliate; leaf scars not elevated, pale hairs at upper edge; bark smooth early, less dark than A. nigrum

5 Aceraceae (Maple Family) Norway Maple Amur maple Acer ginnala Maxim. (Introduced) Acer platanoides L. (Introduced) Twigs light brown to yellowish brown, of medium thickness, mostly round, glabrous, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present, small (2-3mm) long, rounded or blunt tip; lateral buds opposite; buds glabrous, with mostly 4 scales, scale tips red to orange; leaf scars meet by horizontal line; introduced shrub to small tree Twigs medium, mostly round, mostly glabrous, glossy gray to brown, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud present, usually large (8-16 mm), mostly ovoid to spherical; lateral buds opposite and small; buds reddish brown with 4-6 exposed scales, not hairy; leaf scars not glandular, meet at a point

6 Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac Family) Smooth Sumac Rhus glabra L. Staghorn Sumac Rhus typhina L. Twigs stout, often 3-sided to somewhat round, mostly glabrous to slightly hairy, gray to brown, lenticels mostly small, pith brown and continuous; terminal bud absent; lateral buds naked, alternate, moderate, whitish to gray, not hairy; leaf scars often encircles lateral buds; red (brighter than Staghorn) hairy berries often present in winter, shrubby to small tree Twigs stout, mostly round, densely long hairy, gray to brown, lenticels mostly small and concealed, pith brown and continuous; terminal bud absent; lateral buds naked, alternate, moderate, whitish to gray, not hairy; leaf scars sometimes mostly encircles lateral buds; red hairy berries often present in winter, shrubby to small tree

7 Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac Family) [Shining] Winged Sumac Rhus copallinum L. Fragrant Sumac Rhus aromatica Aiton Flower Buds Twigs stout, round, very finely and densely short hairy to somewhat glabrous, brownish, lenticels small to moderate in size, pith brown and continuous; terminal bud absent; lateral buds alternate, medium in size; budsnaked, light brown; leaf scars U-shaped and about half encircling leaf bud; hairy red berries often present through winter Twigs small or slender, mostly round, light brown, lenticels small, pith brownish and continuous; terminal bud absent; flower buds in aments (catkin-like structures); lateral buds small, yellow and mostly hidden by leaf scar; leaf scars elevated and round; panicles of hairy red berries sometimes present in winter

8 Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac Family) [Common] Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze Poison Sumac Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze Twigs medium, mostly round, light brown, lenticels small, pith brownish and continuous; terminal bud present, moderate to large, somewhat long-conical and pointed, densely hairy; lateral buds alternate and small to medium; buds naked, light brown; leaf scars somewhat shield- to crescent-shaped; whitish berries often present in winter; shrubby or climbing woody vine; very poisonous Twigs medium to stout, mostly round, mostly glabrous, gray to brown, lenticels small, pith brown and continuous; terminal bud present, moderate, pointed, densely hairy becoming glabrous; lateral buds alternate, smaller, densely hairy; buds naked, reddish brown; leaf scars shield-shaped; whitish berries often present in winter; shrubby; very poisonous

9 Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac Family) Smoke Tree Cotinus obovatus Raf. Twigs slender to medium, mostly round, reddish brown to orange, lenticels small; bark dark gray to black, somewhat scaly; terminal bud present, 2+ exposed scales; lateral buds small, sessile, round to ovoid with attenuated tip, 1-2 exposed scales; leaf scars alternate, raised, mostly half-round and lobed, 3 bundle scars; shrub to small tree

10 Annonaceae (Annona or Custard Apple Family) [Common, Tall] Pawpaw Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal Twigs light brown to somewhat reddish, of medium thickness, mostly round, glabrous to somewhat hairy, pith pale to white and mostly continuous; terminal bud present and larger, tall and thin covered with dense reddish-brown hair; lateral buds alternate; buds naked, densely covered with reddish-brown hair (flower buds stalked and spherical; leaf buds more oblong and mostly sessile); leaf scars crescent to C- shaped

11 Aquifoliaceae (Holly Family) Common Winterberry (Black Alder) Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray American Holly Ilex opaca Ait. Leaves evergreen, thick, not dotted below, elliptical, petioles short, somewhat dull, spine-toothed; Twigs light brown to gray, of medium thickness, somewhat round, fine hairy to glabrous later, lenticels small; pith small and often not continuous; terminal bud present, small, scaled; lateral buds alternate; leaf scars somewhat crescent shaped; small stipules often present; fruit red Twigs light brown to gray, often slender, somewhat round to angled, glabrous to sometimes finely hairy, lenticels small; pith small and often not continuous; terminal bud present, small and blunt, with scales; lateral buds alternate and blunt with scales; leaf scars small; small dark stipules may be present; fruit bright red; shrub of wet ground

12 Aquifoliaceae (Holly Family) Yaupon [Holly] Ilex vomitoria Aiton Leaves evergreen, thick and leathery, small and elliptical, petioles short, crenate margin; Twigs light gray, lenticels small, finely hairy early; terminal bud present, small, brown to black scaled, blunt; lateral buds alternate; fruit red with grooved seeds; many branched shrub to small tree

13 Araliaceae (Ginseng Family) Devil's Walkingstick [Hercules Club] Aralia spinosa L.

14 Arecaceae (Palm Family) Cabbage Palmetto Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes Saw Palmetto Serenoa repens (Bartram) Small Petioles long, branched at trunk, without spines; leaves palmate (fanshaped) with many parallel veined segments; bark grooved in maturity and gray to grayish-black in color; shrub to medium tree Petioles long, with spines; leaves palmate (fan-shaped) with many parallel veined segments (no marginal fibers); primarily a shrub making a very small tree rarely

15 Avicenniaceae (Black Mangrove Family) Black Mangrove Avicennia germinans (L.) L. Twigs stout, round, pith brown, round, large and continuous; bark dark to almost black; many breathing roots (pneumatophores) present; buds small, solitary, and sessile; stipule scars encircle stem; leaf scar half-round to elliptical; bundle traces 3 and round, but often indistinct; leaves grayish beneath; shrub, evergreen, a shrub of tidal flats

16 Berbericaceae (Barberry Family) Algerita [Agarita; Trifoliate Barberry] Mahonia trifoliolata (Moric.) Fedde Japanese Barberry Berberis thunbergii DC. (Introduced) Twigs brownish; bark gray and somewhat grooved; leaves divided into 3 deep lobes or 3-part compound, each leaflet with a few spinetipped lobes; plant a low (to 3 m) evergreen shrub, red berries (spring to summer) Twigs brown to orange, slender, glabrous, not rough and not glaucous, grooved or angled; bark gray and somewhat shreddy; spines at each node, simple and usually 1.5 cm or less; buds small; plant a low, spreading deciduous bush; red berries often present into winter

17 Betulaceae (Birch Family) [Eastern; Hop] Hornbeam Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch American Hornbeam [Ironwood, Musclewood, Blue-Beech] Carpinnus caroliniana Walt. Twigs slender, mostly round, somewhat zigzag shaped, often hairy toward tip, brown to reddish brown, lenticels small, pith pale, small and continuous; terminal bud absent; lateral buds alternate, reddish brown, sharp pointed, with many imbricated scales with striate (lens needed), hairy or not; leaf scars somewhat raised, often crescent shaped; both staminate and pistillate catkins may be present; fruit a hanging catkin (resembles hops), nutlets smooth Twigs of slender and often zigzaged, mostly round, glabrous (sometimes hairy), brown to reddish, lenticels moderate in size, pith pale to white and continuous; terminal bud absent; lateral buds alternate, sharp pointed, many imbricated scales, may be silky hairy; leaf scars somewhat raised, crescent shaped; bark smooth and thin, muscle-like furrowed; catkins develop from scaly buds; fruiting aments bracts with teeth

18 Betulaceae (Birch Family) [American] Hazelnut [Hazel] Corylus americana Walt. Twigs slender, mostly round, hairy and glandular becoming smooth later, brown to reddish brown, lenticels small, pith pale, small and continuous; terminal bud absent; lateral buds alternate, small (up to 4-5 mm), reddish brown, rounded with 4-6 exposed scales, gray hairy; leaf scars somewhat raised; both staminate and pistillate catkins may be present; nut forms within 2 leafy, thick and hairy bracts that often are present well into winter; thicket-forming shrub

19 Betulaceae (Birch Family) Yellow Birch Betula alleghaniensis Britt. var. alleghaniensis River Birch Betula nigra L. Pistillate bracts and seeds Twigs slender, round, somewhat zigzag, mostly glabrous, brown to reddish brown, pith small, green and somewhat 3-sided and continuous; bark yellowish to silver gray (not white), peeling and curling on older trunks; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds somewhat appressed, 5-10 mm long, ovoid, sessile, 2-3+ exposed scales; leaf scars alternate, half elliptical shape to somewhat crescent, small; 3 bundle scars; both staminate and pistillate catkins may be present Twigs slender, round, somewhat zigzag, very hairy early, warty, brown to reddish brown, slight wintergreen flavor, pith small, green and somewhat 3-sided and continuous; bark gray to reddish brown (not white), curling and peeling into strips easily, inner bark pinkish; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds somewhat appressed, <6 mm long, ovoid, sessile, 2-3 exposed scales, hairy; leaf scars alternate, half elliptical shape to somewhat crescent, small; 3 bundle scars; both staminate and pistillate catkins may be present

20 Betulaceae (Birch Family) Gray [Wire] Birch Betula populifolia Marsh. Paper Birch Betula papyrifera Marsh. Pistillate bracts and seed Twigs slender, round, somewhat zigzag, mostly glabrous, resinouswarty, brown to reddish brown, pith small, green and somewhat 3- sided and continuous; bark dull white, not peeling and curling, horizontal black marks on lower trunk, black triangular patches where branches are inserted; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds somewhat appressed, <5mm long, ovoid, sessile, 2-3+ exposed scales; leaf scars alternate, half elliptical shape to somewhat crescent, small; 3 bundle scars; both staminate and pistillate catkins may be present Twigs slender, mostly round, mostly glabrous (sometimes pubescent or with some long hairs), brown to reddish brown, pith small, green and somewhat 3-sided and continuous; bark white to cream colored and papery, curling and peeling, small horizontal lenticels; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds > 5 mm, acute tip, if hairs present then only on scale edges; leaf scars alternate, half elliptical shape to somewhat crescent, small; 3 bundle scars; both staminate and pistillate catkins may be present

21 Betulaceae (Birch Family) Smooth [Common, Hazel] Alder Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Wild. The Alders (Genus Alnus) The Alders (Genus Alnus) are mostly deciduous, small, bushy shrubs except for A. glutinosa (European Alder, Introduced and A. rubra (Red Alder) which can be small to medium trees. They are commonly found along streams, shorelines or in wet areas. Buds are fairly large, well stalked (in most species) and solitary. Leaf scars are alternate, somewhat raised, and usually halfround in shape. Fruiting bodies are usually present in year-round consisting of staminate catkins and pistillate catkins (cone-like) the pistillate woody cones are fairly diagnostic of the Alnus genus. Pistillate Cones Twigs slender, round to somewhat zigzag, hairy early, reddish brown, pith small, somewhat 3-sided and continuous; bark gray, lenticels on younger limbs and trunk small, few, short or darker; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds well stalked, 2-3 exposed scales; leaf scars alternate, half round in shape, somewhat raised; 3 bundle scars; staminate catkins pendant, pistillate catkins (cone-like) conspicuous in winter, usually erect; shrub to very small tree

22 Betulaceae (Birch Family) Speckled [Black, Tag] Alder Alnus incana (L.) Moench ssp. rugosa (Du Roi) Clausen European Alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. (Introduced) Twigs slender, round to somewhat zigzag, hairy early, reddish brown, pith small, somewhat 3-sided and continuous; bark gray, lenticels on younger limbs and trunk horizontal, white, linear and conspicuous; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds well stalked, 2-3 exposed scales; leaf scars alternate, half round in shape, somewhat raised; 3 bundle scars; staminate catkins pendant, pistillate catkins (cone-like) conspicuous in winter, usually drooping; shrub to very small tree Twigs slender, round to somewhat zigzag, mostly glabrous, grayish, sticky or glutinous; pith small, somewhat 3-sided and continuous; bark gray to dark brown with some fissures with age, horizontal lenticels pale; terminal bud present; lateral buds alternate; buds well stalked, 2-3 exposed scales, 6-10 mm long; leaf scars alternate, half round in shape, somewhat raised; 3 bundle scars; staminate catkins and pistillate catkins (cone-like) conspicuous in winter; shrub to medium tree, often green late in fall to winter

23 Bignoniaceae (Bignonia or Trumpet-Creeper Family) Northern Catalpa [Cigar-Tree] Catalpa speciosa (Warder) Warder ex Engelm Trumpet Creeper or Vine [Hell Vine, Devil s Shoe Laces] Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau Twigs stout, round, brittle, brown at maturity, pith large, pale and continuous; bark gray to brown with some ridges and grooves; terminal bud absent, lateral buds solitary, sessile, with several small and pointed scales; leaf scars in whorls of 3 (2 lg. and 1 sm. Or 1 lg. and 2 sm.), round to elliptical and raised; bundle scars 12+, no stipule scars; seed pods persistent into winter, thick (1cm+, seed rounded (not pointed); small to medium tree

24 Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Wayfaring Tree Viburnum lantana L. (Introduced) Common Elderberry [Elder] Sambucus nigra L. ssp. Canadensis (L.) R. Bolli Twig stout, 6-10 angled or not, lenticels moderate in size but conspicuous; pith white and continuous; terminal bud mostly lacking; lateral buds small and mostly opposite with 3-5 scales; leaf scar prominent with mostly 3 bundle scars Twig stout, hairy, round to somewhat 6-sided; pith continuous; bark mostly tight; all buds naked, with dense (scurfy) grayish stellate hairs, lateral leaf veins easily seen on vegetative buds, flower buds rounded (not elongated); leaf scar opposite, narrow, thinly crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub

25 Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Southern Arrowwood Viburnum dentatum L. Nannyberry Viburnum lentago L. Twig medium, round to somewhat 6-sided, glabrous to hairy with coarse hairs - variable); pith continuous; bark grayish and tight, slightly furrowed; buds conical (somewhat flattened), appressed, outer scales short (30-40% of bud length), edges may be cilliate; lateral buds opposite; leaf scar opposite, crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub (fruit may be present) dentatum complex easier to ID in summer Twig slender, long and very flexible, round to somewhat 6-sided; pith continuous; bark tight, mostly grayish; all buds with valvate scales; terminal flower buds very long (1-2.5 cm), acuminate, swollen at base, usually grayish to sometimes brownish, mostly smooth; lateral buds opposite, long and often curved; leaf scar opposite, mostly crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub, wet areas

26 Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Rusty [Southern] Blackhaw [Wild Rasin] Viburnum rufidulum Raf. Black Haw Viburnum prunifolium L. Flow. Buds Flow. Bud Twig round to somewhat 6-sided; pith continuous; bark tight, somehat furrowed when old; all buds with valvate scales, with dense red-brown stellate hairs (scurfy); terminal flower buds long (1 cm), tip blunt, swollen at base; lateral buds opposite, smaller and up to 2x as long as wide; leaf scar opposite, thinly crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub (fruit may be Twigs tend to be short and stubby, round to somewhat 6-sided; pith continuous; bark tight, grayish to brownish; all buds with valvate scales, gray to brown (dull), with minute scales (NOT with scurfy dense red-brown hairs); terminal flower buds long (1-1.5 cm), tip blunt to sharp, swollen above base; lateral buds opposite, smaller; leaf scar opposite, thinly crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub (fruit may be present)

27 Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Mapleleaf Viburnum Viburnum acerifolium L. Highbush-Cranberry Viburnum trilobum Marsh. Twig medium, round to somewhat 6-sided, finely soft hairy (rarely glabrous); pith continuous; bark grayish and tight; buds small and long, appressed, with 4 scales, outer scales very short (25% of bud length); lateral buds opposite; leaf scar opposite, thinly crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub (fruit may be present) Twig medium, round to somewhat 6-sided, glabrous and shiny or lustrous and usually reddish brown; pith continuous; bark grayish; buds stalked, mostly glabrous, globose to ovoid, 2 full scales (connate) which will split at tip, reddish usually; lateral buds opposite; leaf scar opposite, crescent shaped with 3 bundle scars; shrub (fruit may be present) also know as V. opulus L. var. americanum Aiton

28 Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Coralberry [Buckbrush, Indian Currant] Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench Twig thin, grayish brown, round to somewhat 6-sided, mostly finely soft hairy; pith brownish and continuous; bark thin, becoming shredy; buds very small, compressed, sessile, 3 scales (keeled) if observable; lateral buds opposite; leaf scar opposite, raised, half round; small low shrub (fruit often present in winter)

29 Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family) Amur Honeysuckle Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder (Introduced) Twig medium, usually moderately to densely short hairy, grayish, mostly round; pith hollow between nodes; older bark well grooved; buds mostly ovoid, sessile, and gray hairy, many short pointed scales; lateral buds opposite; leaf scar opposite, raised, half round to crescent shaped; single bundle scar hard to observe; bushy shrub

30 Celastraceae (Bittersweet Family) [American] Bittersweet [Waxwork] Celastrus scandens L.

31 Celastraceae (Bittersweet Family) Eastern Wahoo [Burningbush] Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. Winged Burning Bush Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold (Introduced)

32 Celastraceae (Bittersweet Family) Strawberry Bush [Bursting-Heart] Euonymus americanus L. Running Strawberry Bush Euonymus obovatus Nutt.

33 Celastraceae (Bittersweet Family) Winter Creeper Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Maz. (Introduced)

34 Celastraceae (Bittersweet Family) European Spindletree Euonymus europaeus L. (Introduced)

35 Cornaceae (Dogwood Family) Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida L. Red Ossier Cornus stolonifera Michx. (C. sericea L.) Flower Buds

36 Cornaceae (Dogwood Family) Roughleaf Dogwood Cornus drummondii C.A. Mey. Alternate Leaf [Pagoda] Dogwood Cornus alternifolia L. f.

37 Cornaceae (Dogwood Family) Gray [Panicled] Dogwood Cornus racemosa Lam Silky Dogwood Cornus amomum Mill.

38 Cupressaceae (Cypress Family) Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum (L.) L.C. Rich.

39 Cyrillaceae (Cyrllia Family) Buckwheat Tree [Black Titi]; Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britton ex Sarg. Swamp Titi [Leatherwood]; Cyrilla racemiflora L.

40 Ebenaceae (Ebony Family) Persimmon Diospyros virginiana L.

41 Elaeagnaceae (Oleaster Family) Autumn Elaeagnus [Olive] Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. (Introduced)

42 Ericaceae (Heath Family) Leatherleaf Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench Wintergreen [Mountain-Tea; Eastern Teaberry] Gaultheria procumbens L.

43 Ericaceae (Heath Family) Great [Rosebay] Rhododendron [Laurel] Rhododendron maximum L. Early [Wild] Azalea Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais (R. roseum (Loisel.) Rehd.)

44 Ericaceae (Heath Family) [Black] Huckleberry Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch [Northern] Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum L.

45 Ericaceae (Heath Family) Farkleberry [Highbush Blueberry; Sparkleberry] Vaccinium arboreum Marsh.

46 Fabaceae (Pea Or Bean Family) Honey Locust [Sweet-, Thorny-Locust] Gleditsia triacanthos L. Water Locust Gleditsia aquatica Marsh.

47 Fabaceae (Pea Or Bean Family) Black Locust [Yellow Locust] Robinia pseudoacacia L.

48 Fabaceae (Pea Or Bean Family) Eastern Redbud [Judas-Tree] Cercis canadensis L. var. canadensis [Desert] False Indigo Amorpha fruticosa L.

49 Fabaceae (Pea Or Bean Family) [Kentucky] Yellowwood Cladrastis kentukea (Dum.-Cours.) Rudd Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch

50 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Chestnut Hybrid Castanea sp. American Beech Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.

51 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Overcup Oak Quercus lyrata Walt. [Rock] Chestnut Oak Quercus prinus L. (Q. montana Wild.)

52 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Swamp White Oak Quercus bicolor Willd. Bur [Mossy-Cup] Oak Quercus macrocarpa Michx.

53 Fagaceae (Beech Family) European turkey oak (Introduced) Quercus cerris L. Swamp Chestnut Oak Quercus michauxii Nutt.

54 Fagaceae (Beech Family) White Oak Quercus alba L. Chinkapin [Chinquapin] Oak Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm.

55 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Post Oak Quercus stellata Wangenh.

56 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Northern Pin Oak Quercus palustris Muenchh. Black Oak Quercus velutina Lam.

57 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Blackjack Oak Quercus marilandica Münchh. Willow Oak Quercus phellos L.

58 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra L. var. rubra Scarlet Oak Quercus coccinea Muenchh.

59 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Sawtooth [Gobbler] Oak Quercus acutissima Carruthers (Introduced) Shingle Oak Quercus imbricaria Michx.

60 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Southern Red [Spanish] Oak Quercus falcata Michx. Texas Red [Nuttall] Oak Quercus texana Buckley

61 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Water Oak Quercus nigra L. Shumard's Oak Quercus shumardii Buckley

62 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Sand Live Oak Quercus geminata Small [Virginia] Live Oak Quercus virginiana P. Mill.

63 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Myrtle Oak Quercus myrtifolia Willd. Arkansas Oak Quercus arkansana Sarg.

64 Fagaceae (Beech Family) Turkey Oak Quercus laevis Walter Gambel Oak Quercus gambelii Nutt.