Non-Native Invasive Plants

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1 Non-Native Invasive Plants Identification Cards EMPACTS Project Plant Biology, Fall 2013 Kurtis Cecil, Instructor Northwest Arkansas Community College Bentonville, AR EMPACTS Team - Justin Klippert, Holly Crowe, Chaz Nelson and Mike Bryant

2 Johnson Grass Sorghum halapense

3 Warm- Season grass that forms large colonies Grows from rhizomes and develops an extensive rhizome system Numerous, erect, pinkie-sized stems grow 5 to 6 tall and are topped with purplish seeds Coarse leaves and stems Ribbed leaf sheath Conspicuous midrib Characteristics

4 Giant Foxtail Grass Setaria Faberi

5 Characteristics Grass has prominent nodes on the stems Often branches near the base and produces multiple stems that are erect to ascending Grows 2 to 2 1/2 tall Grows from rhizomes Clump-forming Seedheads resemble foxtails Seedheads droop when mature Alternate leaves up to 15 long and 3/4 across Leaves have many hairs on upper surface Leaves are light to medium green, linear in shape, rather floppy and drooping

6 Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare

7 Characteristics grows to 10 to 15 in height with 8 to 15 spread evergreen leaves up to 2 long opposite leaves are oval to lanceolate, dark green in color, pointed tip roots develop where stems touch the ground densely branched understory shrub

8 Tall Fescue Schedonorus phoenix

9 Characteristics: stays green during winter coarse-textured, medium to dark green in color leaves rolled in a bud leaf blades are 1/8 to 1/2 wide and 4 to 24 long distinct veins run the length of the leaf leaf margin is rough distinct collar between leaf blade and leaf sheath or stem collar is broad, hairless and yellow-green to cream in color extensive root system bunch-type growth habit seedhead is loosely branching panicle

10 Callery Pear Pyrus calleryana

11 Characteristics: small to medium-sized tree with compact, symmetrical, pyramidal or columnar shape which becomes oval with age alternate, simple leaves leaves generally oval up to 3 long with rounded teeth leaves are broadest near the rounded base and tapering to the tip leaves are glossy green with orange, gold, red, pink and/or purple color in fall gray-brown bark, smooth on young trees, splitting into scales with age large thorns on twigs bark is typically light gray in color

12 Russian Thistle Salsola spp. (Chenopodiaceae)

13 Characteristics: large, bushy, noxious broadleaf plant slender, flexible stems cotyledons (seed leaves) and first true leaves are long and thin, like pine needles later leaves are soft and fleshy with a weak spine at the tip leaves are alternate along the stem, but may appear opposite because of short length between stem joints generally grow to approximately 3 in height flowers from July through October are produced in junction between leaf base and stem (axils)

14 Lespedeza (Bi-Color) Lespedeza bicolor

15 Characteristics: loose, open deciduous shrub grows to 5 to 10 tall and wide clover-like flowers trifoliate, alternate dark green leaves with elliptic leaflets up to 2 long yellow fall color upright stems are gray to green in color small seed pods with a single black seed appear from August to March

16 Ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia

17 Characteristics:

18 Japanese Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica

19 Characteristics: sprawling, climbing semievergreen vine can climb 33 or more in height opposite, simple oval leaves 1 1/4 to 3 in length and 3/4 to 1 1/4 broad tubular, white, fragrant flowers with five fused petals occurring in pairs from May-June small, black 2-3 seeded fruits

20 Beefsteak Plant (Japanese Perilla Mint) Perilla frutescens

21 Characteristics: upright, bushy habit related to coleus and basil grows to 1 to 3 tall opposite leaves with long petioles leaves can be purple to green or a combination of both colors and are aromatic leaves are wide at the base, narrow to a tip and 3 to 7 long leaf margins are saw-like, with sharp, serrated edges hairy stems can grow to 3 tall and are dark green to purple in color square stem identifies it as a member of the mint family white to purple flowers bloom from July to October

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