Recommended California Native Plants for Western Nevada and Placer County Landscapes

Transcription

1 Recommended California Native Plants for Western Nevada and Placer County Landscapes Redbud Chapter, the California Native Plant Society: "Restoring nature, one garden at a time." Botanical Name Common Name Evergreen (E) Deciduous (D) Semideciduous (SD) Local Native: Yes or No Exposure: SH=Shade PS=Part Shade S=Full Sun Water: VL=Very Low L=Low M=Moderate Height: ( ft. ) Width: ( ft.) Flower Color Wildlife Benefits: Bees, Mammals, Butterflies, Birds, Hummingbirds LARGE TREES: Over 25' tall and wide Acer macrophyllum Bigleaf Maple D Yes S/PS M ' 40-65' yellow/pink Arbutus menziesii Pacific Madrone E Yes PS VL/L ' 40-65' white-pink Calocedrus decurrens Incense Cedar E Yes S/PS L/M ' 50' yellow Fraxinus latifolia Oregon Ash D Yes S/PS M 35-80' 30' green Pseudostuga menziesii Douglas Fir E Yes PS L/M ' 30-50' pink/brown Quercus chrysolepis Canyon or Gold Cup Oak E Yes S/PS L 30-90' 30-60' cream-green Quercus douglasii Blue Oak D Yes S VL/L 30-80' 30' cream-green Quercus kelloggii California Black Oak D Yes S/PS L 30-80' 30-40' cream-green Quercus lobata Valley Oak D Yes S L ' 50' cream-green Quercus wislizenii Interior Live Oak E Yes S VL/L 20-70' 20-50' cream-green Umbellularia californica California Bay/Laurel E Yes S/PS L/M 15-60' 10-35' cream-yellow SMALL TREES: Under 25' tall and wide Acer glabrum Rocky Mountain Maple D Yes PS M ' yellow-green Cercis occidentalis (tree or shrub) Western Redbud D Yes S/PS VL/L 10-20' 10-15' magenta Cercocarpus betuloides (tree or shrub) Mountain Mahogany E Yes S/PS L 10-25' 10-15' cream Cornus nuttallii Pacific Dogwood D Yes SH/PS L 12'-30' 20' white Cornus sessilis Blackfruit Dogwood D Yes SH/PS M 10'-15' 8-12' yellow-green Fraxinus dipetala (tree or shrub) California or Flowering Ash D Yes S/PS L 20' 10-20' white-yellow Prunus ilicifolia (tree or shrub) Hollyleaf Cherry E No S/PS L 20'-40' 20-30' white Quercus garryana var. semota Semota White Oak D Yes S VL/L 20' 15' yellow-green LARGE SHRUBS: 6' - 12' tall Arctostaphylos densiflora Howard McMinn Howard McMinn Manzanita E No S VL/L 6-10' 6-10' light pink Arctostaphylos densiflora Sentinel Sentinel Manzanita E No S VL/L 6-8' 5-7' light pink Arctostaphylos Lutsko s Pink Lutsko s Pink Manzanita E No S VL/L 4-7' 4-7' bright pink Arctostaphylos manzanita (cultivar Dr. Hurd ) Common Manzanita E Yes S/PS VL 8-20' 12-15' white-pink Arctostaphylos viscida Whiteleaf Manzanita E Yes S VL 12-15' 12' white-pink Berberis nevinii Nevin s Barberry E No S/PS L 5-10' 6-12' yellow Calycanthus occidentalis Spicebush D Yes PS L/M 5-12' 5-12' wine red Carpenteria californica California Anemone E No PS L/M 6-10' 6-10' white Ceanothus 'Frosty Blue' Frosty Blue CA Lilac E No S L 8-10' 8-10' blue Ceanothus integerrimus Deerbrush E/SD Yes PS VL/L 6-12' 5-10' white-blue Ceanothus 'Julia Phelps' Julia Phelps CA Lilac E No S L 6-8' 6-8' dark blue Corylys cornuta Western Hazelnut D Yes S/PS L/M 12-15' 10-12' catkins Fremontodendron californica & cultivars Flannel Bush E Yes/No S VL/L 6-18' 10-18' yellow-orange 1

2 Frangula californica & cultivars Coffeeberry E Yes/No S/PS L 6-8' 6-8' yellow Frangula californica ssp. tomentella Hoary Coffeeberry E Yes S/PS VL/L 5-12' 5-12' yellow Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon E Yes S/PS VL/L 10-12' 10-12' white Holodiscus discolor Cream Bush D Yes PS L/M 6-8' 6-8' white Lonicera interrupta Twinberry E/SD Yes PS M 2-10' 3-4' yellow-orange Philadelphus lewisii Mock Orange D Yes S/PS L 6-12' 6-12' white Physocarpus capitatus Ninebark D Yes SH/PS L/M 6-8' 6-8' white Quercus berberidifolia Scrub Oak E Yes S VL/L 10-15' 10-15' cream Rhododendron occidentale Western Azalea D Yes PS M 6-8' 6-8' white/pink Rhus ovata Sugar Bush E No S L 10-15' 10-15' pink-white Ribes aureum Golden Currant D No PS L/M 5-10' 5-8' golden Ribes malvaceum Chaparral Currant D No PS L 5-8' 5-8' pink Ribes sanguineum var. glutinosum Pink Fowering Currant D No PS L 6-12' 5-8' pink Ribes sanguineum var. sanguineum Red Flowering Currant D No PS L 6-12' 5-8' red-dark pink Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea Blue Elderberry D Yes S/PS L/M <20' <20' white Styrax redivivus Snowdrop Bush D Yes PS L 8-10' 6-8' white Vaccinium ovatum Huckleberry E No PS L/M 4-8' 6-8' white-pink MEDIUM SHRUBS/SUB-SHRUBS: 4' - 6' tall Arctostaphylos Sunset Sunset Manzanita E No S/PS L 4-5' 4-6' white-pink Berberis aquifolium var. aquifolium Oregon Grape E Yes PS L/M 4-6' 6' yellow Ceanothus Blue Jeans Blue Jeans Ceanothus E No S L 3-5' 4-6' purple Ceanothus Concha Concha Ceanothus E No S L 4-6' 4-6' blue Fremontodendron 'Ken Taylor' Ken Taylor Flannel Bush E No S VL/L 4-6' 4-6' yellow-orange Rhamnus crocea var. ilicifolia Hollyleaf Redberry E Yes S/PS L 4-6' 4-6' cream Ribes nevadense Sierra Pink Currant D Yes PS L/M 4-6' 4-6' pink Ribes roezlii (note: has thorns) Sierran Gooseberry SD Yes S/PS VL/L 4-6' 4-6' red-dark pink Ribes speciosum (note: has thorns) Fuchsia-flowered Gooseberry SD No S/PS L 4-6' 4-6' red-dark pink Romneya coulteri Matilija Poppy D No S L 4-6' spreads white Salvia 'Allen Chickering' Allen Chickering Sage E/SD No S L 4-6' 4-6' lavender, blue Salvia Pozo Blue Pozo Blue Sage E/SD No S L 4-6' 4-6' dark blue Salvia clevelandii & cultivars Cleveland Sage E/SD No S L 4-6' 4-6' blue Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus Common Snowberry D Yes PS L 3-5' 8-12' white-pink SMALL SHRUBS & SUB-SHRUBS: 2' - 4' tall Arctostaphylos 'John Dourley' John Dourley Manzanita E No S/PS L 2-4' 3-6' white-pink Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Pacific Mist Pacific Mist Manzanita E No S/PS L 2-3' 4-8' white-pink Arctostaphylos hookeri Wayside Wayside Manzanita E No S/PS L 2-4' 4-6' white-pink Berberis aquifolium 'Compacta' Compact Oregon Grape E No PS L 2-3' 3-4' yellow Ceanothus lemmonii Lemmon s Ceanothus E Yes S VL/L 2-3' 3-5' blue Ceanothus maritimus cultivars Maritime Ceanothus E No S L 2-3' 3-5' purple Ceanothus Joyce Coulter Joyce Coulter Ceanothus E No S/PS L 2-4' <10' blue Eriogonum fasciculatum California Buckwheat E No S L 3-4' 3-4' white Lupinus albifrons Silver Bush Lupine E/SD Yes S VL/L 3-4' 3-4' blue-purple Frangula californica 'Ed Holmes' Ed Holmes Coffeeberry E No S/PS L 3-4' 3-4' green-cream 2

3 Frangula californica 'Seaview Improved' Seaview Coffeebeery E No S/PS L 1.5-2' 3' green-cream Lepechinia calycina Pitcher Sage E/SD No S/PS VL/L 3-4' 4-6' cream Mimulus aurantiacus Bush Monkeyflower E/SD Yes S/PS VL/L 2-4' 3-4' apricot Mimulus Hybrids Monkeyflower Hybrids E/SD No S/PS L 2-4' 3-4' varied Trichostemma lanatum Wooly Blue Curls E No S VL/L 3-4' 3-4' blue-purple SMALL PERENNIALS: <1' - 2' tall Aquilegia formosa Western Columbine D Yes S/PS L/M 1-3' 1-3' red-yellow Achillea millefolium Common Yarrow E Yes S/PS L/M 1-3' spreads white Asclepias eriocarpa Kotolo or Indian Milkweed D Yes S VL/L 2-3' spreads white-pink Asclepias fasciculatum Norrowleaf Milkweed D Yes S L 2-3' spreads white-pink Asclepias speciosa Showy Milkweed D Yes S L 2-3' spreads white-pink Brodiaea elegans Harvest Brodiaea D-corm Yes S VL/L 1'.5' blue-purple Brodiaea sierrae Sierra Foothills Brodiaea D-corm Yes S VL/L 1'-2'.5' lavender Camassia quamash & leichtilinii Camas Lily D-bulb Yes S L/M 1-3'.5' deep blue Dicentra formosa Western Bleeding Heart D Yes PS L/M 1'-2' 1-3' pink Dichelostemma multiflorum & congesteum Wild Hyacinth, Ookow D Yes S/PS VL/L 1-2'.5' blue-purple, g, Epilobium canum & cultivars California Fuchsia E Yes S/PS L 1-3' 2-3' pink Erigeron glaucus & cultivars Seaside Daisy E No S/PS L 1-2' 2' blue-purple Eriogonum fasciculatum Warriner Lytle Warriner Lytle CA Buckwheat E No S L 1-2' 4-5' white Eriogonum grande var. rubescens Red Buckwheat E No S L 1-2' 1-3' red-pink Erythronium californicum California Fawn Lily D-bulb Yes PS VL/L 1' 1' white Erythronium multlicsapideum Sierra Fawn Lily D-bulb Yes PS VL/L 1' 0.5-1' white Heterotheca sessiflora 'San Bruno Mountain' Golden Aster E No S/PS L/M 1' 1.5' Yellow Heuchera micrantha Alum Root E Yes PS L 2' 2' white Heuchera hybrids Coral Bells No PS L 2' 2' pink, red Iris douglasiana Douglas Iris E No PS L 2' 3' blue-purple Iris hartwegii Sierra Iris E Yes PS L 1' 2' cream, yellow Iris Pacific Coast Hybrid Iris various PCH Iris E Yes PS L 1-2' 2-3' varied Monardella villosa & sheltonii Coyote Mint E Yes S/PS L 2' 3' violet Penstemon azureus Azure penstemon E Yes S L 2' 3' blue Penstemon heterophyllus & cultivars Foothill Penstemon E Yes S L 2' 3' blue Symphyotrichum chilense California Aster D Yes S/PS L 1-2' 3' blue-purple Triteleia bridgesii Bridge's Trieleia D-corm Yes S/PS VL/L 1'.5' blue-purple Triteleia ixoides v. scabra Foothill Pretty Face D-corm Yes S/PS VL/L 1'.5' yellow Triteleia laxa Wally Basket D-corm Yes S/PS VL/L 1'.5' blue-purple Woodwardia fimbriatum Giant Chain Fern E Yes PS/SH M 3' 3' none (shelter) SPREADING GROUNDCOVER: <1' - 2' tall Arctostaphylos Emerald Carpet Emerald Carpet Manzanita E No S/PS L 1-3' 6' pink Arctostaphylos edmundsii Carmel Sur Carmel Sur Manzanita E No PS L 1' 6' few Arctostaphylos edmundsii Rosy Dawn Rosy Dawn Manzanita E No PS L 1.5' 6' pink Arctostaphylos uva ursi & cultivars Bearberry, Kinnikinik E No PS M.5-2' 6-8' white, pink Asarum caudatum Wild Ginger E No SH M 1' spreads maroon Ants bury seeds Asarum lemmonii Lemmon's Ginger E Yes SH M <1' spreads maroon Ants bury seeds 3

4 Baccharis pilularis 'Pigeon Point' Dwarf Coyote Bush E No S/PS L/M 1-2' 6' cream Berberis aquifolium var. repens Creeping Barberry E Yes PS L 1-2' 4-5' yellow Ceanothus 'Centennial' Centennial Ceanothus E No S/PS L 1' 8' blue Ceanothus gloriosus v. gloriosus cultivars Point Reyes Ceanothus E No S/PS L 1-3' 5' lavender Ceanothus hearstiorum Hearst s Ceanothus E No S/PS L 0.5-1' 8-10' blue Fragaria vesca Woodland Strawberry E Yes PS L/M.5' 3' white Salvia sonomensis Creeping Sage E Yes S/PS VL/L.5-1' 5-10' white-blue Salvia Gracias Gracias Creeping Sage E No S/PS VL/L ' 4-8' lavender, blue Salvia Bee s Bliss Bee s Bliss Creeping Sage E No S/PS L 1-1.5' 6-8' lavender, blue Salvia 'Mrs. Beard' Mrs. Beard Sage E No S/PS L 2' 4-6' varied Salvia spathacea Hummingbird Sage E No S/PS L 2' 3-4' magenta, red Symphoricarpos albus San Bruno Mountain San Bruno Mtn. Snowberry D No PS L 1' 3-6' white, pink Symphoricarpos mollis Creeping Snowberry D Yes S/PS L 1' 3-6' white, pink GRASSES, RUSHES & SEDGES: Various sizes Aristida purpurescens Purple Three Awn E/SD No S VL/L 1.5-2' 2-3' tan-purple Bouteloua gracilis Blue Grama Grass SD No S/PS VL/L 1-2' 2' tan-green Calamagrostis nutkaensis & cultivar 'The King' Pacific Reedgrass E No PS M 3-4' 3-4' tan-purple Carex praegracilis Field Sedge E Yes S/PS M 2' 2' tan-green Carex tumulicola Foothill Sedge E/SD No S/PS M 2' 1-2' tan-green Festuca californica California Fescue SD Yes PS L 2-4' 3' tan-green Festuca idahoensis & cultivars Idaho Fescue SD Yes S/PS VL/L 2-3' 2' tan-green Festuca rubra Molate Molate Red Fescue E No PS L 1' 1-2' tan-green Juncus patens California Gray Rush E Yes S/PS M 2-4' 3' tan-green Koeleria macrantha Junegrass SD Yes S/PS VL/L 1-3' 1' tan-green Melica californica California Melicgrass SD Yes S/PS VL/L 1-4' 1-2' tan-purple Muhlenbergia rigens Deer Grass E Yes S/PS L/M 3-5' 3-5' tan-green Stipa pulchra Purple Needlegrass SD Yes S VL/L 2-4' 3' tan-purple SUCCULENTS: Various sizes Dudleya cymosa Canyon Live Forever E Yes S VL/L 1' 1' orange Lewisia cotyledon Cliff Maids E No PS L.5' 1' pink Sedum spathulifolium Pacific Sedum E Yes PS L.5' 1' yellow VINES: Various sizes Aristolochia californica California Pipevine D Yes PS L/M 10-15' 10-15' brown/green Calystegia occidentalis Western Morning Glory D Yes S/PS VL/L 3' 3' white Clematis lasiantha Chaparral Clematis D Yes S/PS VL/L 10-15' 10-15' white Clematis ligusticifolia Virgin's Bower D Yes S/PS L/M 10-30' 10-30' white Lonicera hispidula Hairy Honeysuckle D Yes S/PS VL/L 2'-3' Sreading pink Lonicera interrupta Chaparral Honeysuckle D Yes S/PS L 2'-3' Sreading yellow Vitis californica California Wild Grape D Yes S/PS L/M 20-40' 20-40' cream/yellow Summer water guidelines for 'established' plants: Very Low: no summer water to 1x /month; Low: 2x 3x /month; Moderate: 1 /week. NOTE: Frequency and amounts will vary depending on sun exposure, drainage properties of soils, and temperatures. 4

5 Flammability of both native and non-native plants is being researched and hard scientific data is sparce. Levels of flammabiity of all vegetation depends on several factors such as: moisture content of plant, texture of leaves and stems, presence of resins and wax on leaves and pruning regimes. Dry or dead leaves, branches and stems should be pruned out. All plants within 30 ft. of structures should be irrigated periodically during the dry season, be low-growing and all dead and dry plant matter removed. Plant resistance to Deer Browsing: Deer browse preferences vary from area to area, with the seasons, and with severity of drought. New spring growth is often browsed on otherwise deer resistant species. Plants having strongly scented leaves, waxy, sharp, or spiny leaves, leaves and stems that contain bitter tannins or toxic alkaloids are most deer resistant. During drought years, deer will often browse plants they ordinarily don't bother. Plants marked as 'locally' native are historically known to occur in Nevada and Placer counties. Those marked as 'not locally native' are native to other regions of California and/or are hybrids and named cultivars of species selected for outstanding characterisitcs such as their adaptation to garden/landscape conditions. Additional information about California native plants, including many varieties and cultivars, is availabe from the California Native Plant Socierty database Calscape inlcudes a wealth of information about state-wide distribution, cultivation requirements/needs, growth rate, availability, deer resistance, compatible plants, and much more. 5